Data Communication Method Research Articles

Heat Transfer Model and Soft Sensing for Segmented Fluidized Bed Dryer

The aim of this work is to evaluate thermal behaviors and develop a soft sensor for online prediction of LOD (loss-on-drying) in the segmented fluidized bed dryer (Seg-FBD) in the ConsiGma25 line, which is regarded as the intermediate critical quality attribute for the final drug product. Preheating and drying experiments are performed and heat transfers and conductions among the Seg-FBD are evaluated based on the temperature measurements from sensors and an infrared thermal camera. A temperature distribution in dryer cells and high heat conductions in walls are found. Considerable heat transfers between the neighboring dryer cells are determined, which equal approximately 7% of the energy provided from the heated air. The cell-to-cell heat transfers are implemented into the heat transfer and drying models of the Seg-FBD. The models are calibrated successively in gPROMS Formulated Products (gFP) and the temperature and LOD errors are less than 2 °C and 0.5 wt.%, respectively. Subsequently, a soft sensor is established by combining data sources, a real-time data communication method, and the developed drying model, and it shows the capability of predicting real-time LOD, where the error of end-point LOD is within 0.5 wt.%. The work provides detailed steps and applicable tools for developing a soft sensor, and the online deployment of the soft sensor could support continuous production in the Seg-FBD by enabling visualization of process status and determination of process end point.

Internet of Things (IoT)-Integrated Embodied Carbon Assessment and Monitoring of Prefabricated Buildings

Buildings contribute significantly to carbon emissions over their life cycle. Recently, embodied carbon (EC) accounts for an increasing share of life cycle carbon emissions of new buildings as their energy efficiency is improving. However, traditional methods of data collection and communication from diverse carbon sources such as manual recording lead to low-efficient and prone-to-error estimation of embodied carbon emissions. Therefore, this paper aims to propose an Internet of Things (IoT)-integrated embodied carbon assessment and monitoring system (ECAMS) for prefabricated buildings. This system involves three layers, i.e., of data collection, data communication, and data analysis. To provide a theoretical foundation, the EC assessment model is firstly modified to distribute carbon emissions into twelve construction statuses and at five levels of analysis of prefabricated buildings. IoT sensors including radio frequency identification (RFID), acceleration transducer, and global positioning system (GPS) are employed for automated real-time data collection. IoT data will be communicated with building information modelling (BIM) and carbon assessment software through application programming interfaces (APIs). Laboratory tests were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of sensor-based data collection and communication. The proposed system facilitates more efficient and accurate estimations of prefabricated buildings’ embodied carbon, which should help practitioners to explore effective carbon reduction strategies.

Study on PLM and Big Data Collection for the Digital Transformation of the Shipbuilding Industry

With the smartization and autonomous navigation of vessels through ICT (Information and Communications Technologies)—combining IoT, artificial intelligence (AI), and Big Data—changes in the shipbuilding industry will progress quickly; we must acquire superior technology and vessel quality to partake in the revamped shipbuilding industry. This paper aims to research the means of collecting and managing big data in shipbuilding to suit a variety of data types and communication methods in the shipbuilding industry, as well as ways of utilizing the aforementioned big data in order to respond to rapidly progressing changes in the industry. Additionally, the model proposed in this paper is research based on the Asian shipbuilding industry.

REAL-TIME HIDDEN DATA TRANSMISSION USING LORA

Nowadays, it has become a crucial task in transferring confidential data for military departments, many multinational companies, etc. The important requirement is that the data that has been transmitted should not be visible to hackers or third parties from another end. To satisfy this requirement LoRa technology is used. Long-distance and low-power wireless communication technologies such as LoRa, Sigfox, and Narrowband-Internet of Things (NB- IoT) were developed in recent years. These technologies can contribute to indoor and outdoor smart applications with minimal power consumption. In this study, the LoRa wireless communication technique was used as the primary data communication method, enabling the device to communicate without requiring an Internet connection or a SIM card. This technology can be implemented in military and defense areas. KEYWORDS: Lora, Arduino Nano, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-Fi

How Does Virtual Reality Compare? The Effects of Avatar Appearance and Medium on Self-Disclosure

Digital communication methods such as social media, texting, video conferencing account for a significant amount of social interaction traffic; however, in the coming decade, virtual reality (VR) is likely to appropriate much of this space from traditional 2D computer-mediated applications. The current series of studies first compared how different digital communication mediums (i.e., voice only, video chat, and VR) affect self-disclosure and then, looking specifically at VR, evaluated how avatar appearance affects self-disclosure. Overall, study one indicated that VR users are more likely to reveal highly personal facts, attitudes, opinions, and emotions than video chat or voice only communication users. Looking only at VR communication, study two demonstrated that individuals with a human avatar are more likely to reveal emotional experiences and highly personal facts, attitudes, and emotions about themselves and their experiences compared to individuals using a robot avatar.

Real-Time Hidden Data Transmission Using Lora

Nowadays, it has become a crucial task in transferring confidential data for military departments, many multinational companies, etc. The important requirement is that the data that has been transmitted should not be visible to hackers or third parties from another end. To satisfy this requirement a wireless technology LoRa is used. Long-distance and low-power wireless communication technologies such as LoRa, Sigfox, and Narrowband-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) were developed in recent years. These technologies can contribute to indoor and outdoor smart applications with minimal power consumption. In this study, the LoRa wireless communication technique was used as the primary data communication method, enabling the device to communicate without requiring an Internet connection or a SIM card. This technology can be implemented in military and defense areas.

Real-Time Hidden Data Transmission Using Lora

Nowadays, it has become a crucial task in transferring confidential data for military departments, many multinational companies, etc. The important requirement is that the data that has been transmitted should not be visible to hackers or third parties from another end. To satisfy this requirement a wireless technology LoRa is used. Long-distance and low-power wireless communication technologies such as LoRa, Sigfox, and Narrowband-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) were developed in recent years. These technologies can contribute to indoor and outdoor smart applications with minimal power consumption. In this study, the LoRa wireless communication technique was used as the primary data communication method, enabling the device to communicate without requiring an Internet connection or a SIM card. This technology can be implemented in military and defense areas.

An efficient quantum based D2D computation and communication approach for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things is made up of a set of embedded devices such as light detection sensors, ranging (LiDAR) sensors, and millimetre-wave sensors. These sensors generate a massive amount of data in which limited communication capacity is available to share a massive amount of data to Fog-based Roadside Units (RSU) for data process and analysis service. Fog-based RSU has become an emerging paradigm in intelligent transportation but needs research attention to design intelligent decision-making methods for data communication and computation at Fog-based RSU. To address these issues, we design a two-level Quantum based D2D Computation, Communication ( $$QDC^{2}$$ ) approach. First, design a bandwidth allocation strategy based on spatial importance score factors to resolve embedded devices’ data transmission issues. Second, design an adaptive equilibrium service offloading strategy based on device-centric measurements to assess the computation capacity and performance rate for resolving Fog-node computation consistency issues. Additionally, Fog-based RSU is interconnected with LAN helps to optimize service latency. Simulation results show that our approach achieved a high service reliability rate (79.56%), low error rate (0.9%), and an execution delay of 22.5 s for 15 devices compared to state-of-the-art approaches.

A GA-Based Sustainable and Secure Green Data Communication Method Using IoT-Enabled WSN in Healthcare

This article proposes an optimized genetic algorithm (GA)-based sustainable and secure green data collection/transmission method for IoT-enabled WSN in healthcare by optimizing intracluster distance, systematic utilization of node’s energy, and reducing hop count. For secure transmission of data, the communication data is encrypted using stream cipher and a pseudo-randomly generated security key. Additionally, the proposed movable sink and data collection/transmission strategies shorten communication distance between sink and cluster head (CH) which diminishes the hotspot problem. The direct data collection helps in transmitting data directly to the sink, when the sinks are nearer to the sensor nodes with respect to CH. Further, the incorporated dynamic sensing range minimizes overlapping of sensing range with a significant decrement in the transmission energy. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the existing protocols on the performance metrics, such as remaining energy, lifetime, stability period, throughput, and the number of clusters per rounds.

About Legal Policy in the Field of Formation and Implementation Online Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in Civil and Administrative Court Proceedings

The article analyzes the legal policy of the countries of the Council of Europe in the field of the formation and subsequent implementation of new mechanisms for online dispute resolution in civil and administrative proceedings. In this regard, the guidelines for the use of such mechanisms (which are set out in the relevant Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe) are discussed in detail in the field of access to justice, equality of arms, evidence and evidence, trial and informed decision, as well as the right to review it. ... Attention is focused on the need to ensure the compatibility of such mechanisms with the key principles of a fair trial and effective remedies set out in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, including the principles of publicity, transparency, directness, oral hearing and equality of persons involved in a case.A separate place is given to the problem of using online dispute resolution mechanisms in Russian civil and administrative proceedings. It is noted that today the domestic legislator, as part of the development of its own legal policy agenda, increasingly integrates innovative digital communication methods into the activities of the subjects of procedural legal relations. In particular, in the near future, along with video conferencing, the legislator will allow courts of general and arbitration jurisdiction to use web conferencing as an authentic technology for organizing online meetings and collaboration in real time via the Internet. All this creates a fertile ground for borrowing the positive world experience of introducing the latest mechanisms for online resolution of civil and administrative cases by the justice authorities, taking into account the inviolability of high standards of a fair trial.

Research on the analysis method of digital media art communication based on 3D image recognition

3D image has important applications in reverse engineering, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence and other fields. 3D image processing technology has become a research hotspot in the field of 3D image, and the dissemination of digital media technology has gradually become a key application content. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the key technologies such as 3D image mosaic, surface reconstruction and model simplification, studies the 2D image filtering, and analyzes the transmission of 3D technology and digital media technology. It can be seen from an example that digital media communication has a good application effect in 3D technology.

Vibrational Data Communication Tools and Methods for Mining and Oil and Gas Extraction

Summary For the purpose of exploration and extraction, the drilling process in the mining and oil and gas industries is very complicated because of the obvious invisibility of the operation of the drill bit. Acoustic/vibrational telemetry has been of keen interest because it is so far the only method that allows a high data transfer rate as well as less data loss, over other methods. The method certainly depends on the use of the right communication tools and efficient communication schemes to achieve the highest data transfer rate. Although the acoustic method provides a very high data transmission rate, it also has its limitations. However, limitations can be overcome through certain approaches and the use of technologies. The proper use of a communication device with the steel pipe is the most important factor to consider so that the transducer works as the right actuator for the pipeline. The type of sensor that is used to pick up the data also plays a major role because signals are most likely to attenuate, and a sensitive sensor is necessary to collect these attenuated signals. This research demonstrates the use of a transducer as a communication device and oil and gas pipe as the medium of data transmission. The transducer can be used both as an actuator driver and as a receiver sensor. A new piezoelectric transducer was manufactured for this research, which was used with a test setup of a total 184 ft length of six oil and gas pipes. The test setup performed well and data were sent through this setup successfully. A communication scheme is developed using novel theories to achieve the highest data transfer rate. The scheme is tested with the transfer function data obtained from the experimental system. The communication scheme developed outputs a signal, which is a type of binary phase-shift keying signal data along with an equalizer filter. Then the signals developed from the scheme are used in the actual experimental setup to test the speed of the transmission and bit error rate (BER). For the six oil and gas pipes setup, the scheme provides a data transmission of 153 bits/sec (bps) with zero error percentage, which is high enough to use in any oil and gas industry.

The development of international communication in the "meta-era"

The "metaverse" has given more new features and possibilities to the form and way of future communication development. It is this change of data form and way, different from the virtual interactive civilization in the real world, that makes the development state of future communication change rapidly. At the same time, "metaverse" communication is also changing the trend of international communication development, with its decentralized features, immersive experience, and virtual reality characteristics, which are transforming the main body of international communication and driving a change in digital journalism, thus realizing a comprehensive change in digital communication. Therefore, grasping the transformation of digital communication forms and methods has become the focus of future development. This paper analyzes the current situation of international communication development by reviewing the concept and development of the term "metaverse", and explains how to promote the future development of international communication through the technology of "metaverse" to realize the digital transformation.

Перспективні напрямки розвитку IT-сфери в світі

To study promising areas of IT development is very important not only because it helps find competitive advantages for IT managers, but also because of the impact it makes on various aspects of economic activity, such as customers, clients, ecosystem, etc. The article in question is aimed at determining promising areas of IT development in the world by analyzing the current trends and predict researchers’ publication and patent activity. The methodological basis for the article is made up by the following: research review, analysis of general trends in the IT development, bibliometric and patent analysis, and graphic and statistical analysis. A general approach is suggested to identify promising areas of IT development in the world, the approach being comprehensive, unlike the already existing ones. The main trends in the IT development are studied by reviewing scientific literature and reports on the technological development of the industry. In particular, Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies is analyzed. The world’s technological foresights, in particular those of the EU countries, the USA, South Korea, and Japan, were analyzed, which allowed us to identify the most probable trends in the IT development in the world. The dynamics and structure of scientists’ publishing activity on the topic of “Computer Science” are analyzed according to the bibliometric indicators of the SCImago Journal & Country Rank portal, and patent applications published in the field of information technology is analyzed according to the data of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The changes in the structure and number of publications and patent applications for the period 1996–2020 are analyzed. The most promising areas of research in the IT sphere are determined. Due to grouping the obtained results we can determine such promising areas of IT development in the world: artificial intelligence, cloud technologies, blockchain technology, information and communication technologies, big data, computing memory, chatbots, cybersecurity, language recognition, digital communication, computer networks, and IT management methods. The obtained results of the research can serve as a basis to determine the priorities of developing IT research in Ukraine

Profile of Automation of Electricity Distribution System Bhayangkara University Surabaya


 Electrical Power Transmission is the process of distributing electricity from the power plant to the electricity distribution channel (substation distribution) so that it can be distributed to consumers who use electricity. Human Machine Interface (HMI) is a system that connects humans and machines. HMI can be in the form of controlling and visualizing status, either manually or through computer visualization that is real time. .Microsoft Visual Basic .NET is a tool for developing and building applications that run on top of the .NET Framework system. Arduino is a microcontroller that has been developed. Serial communication is one of the methods of data communication in which only one bit of data is transmitted over a strand of cable at a time
 

Survey on Fake News or Truth - Rumours Detection using Machine Learning

This study is to help readers to understand detection of fake news using machine learning. The main purpose of the planned system is to build an application which identifies fake news stories from a bunch of news stories to make people aware of fake news rumours. With the help of machine learning algorithms, we can detect and separate out the fake news. Nowadays, it is become harder to identify the original source of news stories, like looking for a needle in a haystack. In the modern world, news is a kind of communication that keeps us up to date on the latest events, topics, and people in the wider globe. A society relies on news for a variety of reasons, the most important of which is informing its members about events taking on in and around them that might influence them. Oral and traditional media, as well as digital communication methods, altered videos, memes, unconfirmed marketing, and social media have all contributed to the spread of rumors. As nowadays many people use social media in many cases people get wrong and misleading information and people share those stories without verifying whether it is real or fake news stories. Spreading false information on social media has become a major problem these days. That is why we need a system that can tell us whether something is false news or not. Applications are: 1. Fake news may be detected on social media using this approach. 2. The system can be used to help news channels to broadcast only real and classified news. 3. Users can easily detect and eliminate fake articles that contain misinformation intended to mislead readers.

Child protection plans in the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: Maintained, adjusted, or suspended?

BackgroundCOVID-19 infection prevention measures have enhanced risks of abuse and neglect for children and youth. Simultaneously, they have affected the practice of child protection, especially impacting the social infrastructure on which child protection work tends to rely, as well as the ability of practitioners to meet with family members face-to-face and in their homes. ObjectivesThis article focuses on the ways in which infection prevention measures have shaped child protection plans in Germany, i.e. family support and counselling, which is accompanied by monitoring and scrutiny. MethodsThe article is based on a qualitative study, in which 40 semi-structured interviews were held with first-line management representatives of German Youth Welfare Agencies between July and October 2020. ResultsThe study's results show that protection plans have either been maintained, modified or (temporarily) suspended. Several influencing factors were identified. First, the extent to which the social infrastructure relevant for child protection could be maintained, or emerging gaps be filled in a timely fashion by child and youth welfare organisations. Second, the degree of effectiveness of the working relationship between practitioners and parents under the new conditions, including practitioners' ability to resort to flexible, digital or hybrid communication methods with families proved important. Moreover, everyday practical help from Youth Welfare Agencies and family service providers could often change the parental perception of these professionals for the better, thereby strengthening the relationship between practitioners and parents. LimitationsA key limitation of the study comprises the fact that the study findings are limited to the earlier phase of the pandemic.

The Necessity of Domestic Flights at Business Trips — A Theoretical and Empirical Study Under the Aspect of Climate-Friendly Alternatives

Airplanes, one of the most popular means of transport, have a significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions in Germany. While air travel is indispensable for large distance traveling, there are more climate-friendly alternatives for short distances. Therefore, especially domestic flights, which are often used for business trips, should be considered critically. The question arises to what extent domestic flights are compatible with CSR activities of companies and whether business-related domestic flights are necessary. Could they be replaced by more environmentally sustainable means of transport, e.g. by train? In addition, if not, what are the reasons? Beyond that, the question arises why business trips within Germany are carried out at all. Is it possible to replace a business trip by using alternative digital communication methods? For this study, a survey among business travelers at Stuttgart Airport is used to examine the necessity of as well as motivations and alternatives for domestic flights under the aspect of sustainability.

Needs assessment for the creation of a community of practice in a community health navigator cohort

BackgroundCommunity Health Navigators (CHNs) are members of a patient’s care team that aim to reduce barriers in accessing healthcare. CHNs have been described in various healthcare settings, including chronic disease management. The ENhancing COMmunity health through Patient navigation, Advocacy, and Social Support (ENCOMPASS) program of research employs CHNs, who are trained to improve access to care and community resources for patients with multiple chronic diseases. With complex and demanding roles, it is essential that CHNs communicate with each other to maintain knowledge exchange and best practices. A Community of Practice (CoP) is a model of situated learning that promotes communication, dedication, and collaboration that can facilitate this communication. The objective of this study was to engage with CHNs to determine how a CoP could be implemented to promote consistency in practices and knowledge for CHNs across primary care sites.MethodsA needs assessment for a CHN CoP was conducted using sequential steps of inquiry. A preliminary focused literature review (FLR) was done to examine the ways in which other healthcare CoPs have been implemented. Results from the FLR guided the creation of an exploratory survey and group interview with key informants to understand best approaches for CoP creation. Political, economic, social, and technological (PEST) and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analyses synthesized results in a comprehensive manner for strategic recommendations.ResultsThe FLR identified different approaches and components of healthcare CoPs and guided analyses of mitigatable risk factors and leverageable assets for the intervention. The survey and group interview revealed an informal and effective CoP amongst current CHNs, with preferred methods including coffee meetings, group trainings, and seminars. A well-maintained web platform with features such as an encrypted discussion forum, community resource listing, calendar of events, and semi-annual CHN conferences were suggested methods for creating an inter-regional, formal CoP.ConclusionThe study findings recognise the presence of an informal CoP within the studied CHN cohort. Implementation of a formal CoP should complement current CoP approaches and aid in facilitating expansion to other primary care centres utilizing digital communication methods, such as a comprehensive web platform and online forum.

A random encoding method for secure data communication: An extension of sequential coding

The security of data communication is very important in all aspects. V. Shukla et al. had proposed a secure sequential coding method. They have shown the results for text secret messages only. In this paper, firstly we extend their scheme by showing the results for image secret messages. Secondly, we upgrade their scheme by proposing the similar method by using random encoding. Random encoding enhances the level of security. A separate section is provided for security analysis and associated advantages.