The task of treating any disease is to improve the quality of human life. However, there is no widespread practice in clinical studies to assess the health-related quality of life before and after medical intervention. The aim of the study was to evaluate the health-related quality of life in patients with bilateral laryngeal paralysis and the impact on the quality of life of methods of therapeutic rehabilitation of respiratory function using the international standardized questionnaire SF-36 (Russian version developed and recommended by the Multinational Center for Quality of Life Research (MCQLR)). A survey of 44 patients with bilateral laryngeal paralysis after a strumectomy lasting more than 1 year was conducted twice. The first questionnaire was conducted before the rehabilitation of respiratory function, the second questionnaire was conducted 4–6 months after rehabilitation. The patients underwent rehabilitation as part of two groups: in group 1, respiratory function rehabilitation was carried out by the method of prolonged injectable relaxation of the cricoid muscle with botulinum toxin type A. In group 2, respiratory function rehabilitation was carried out with phonopedic correction by the development of respiratory techniques and drug sedation with benzodiazepine. According to the results obtained, prolonged relaxation of the cricoid muscle by a single injection of botulinum toxin type A into the thickness of the cricoid muscle improves the physical component of the quality of life associated with health by 36%, the mental component, by 50%. Phonopedic correction will improve the physical component of the quality of life by 6%, and the mental component, by 4%. The obtained result can be used in communication between the patient and the doctor at the stage of explaining the effectiveness of available methods of conservative treatment for laryngeal paralysis.