Psychological Methods Research Articles

The Hypothetic Deductive Approach as a Proposed Method in Social Psychology

This article briefly sheds light on the nature of social psychology and its basic problem as a specialty, or its distinctive subject of study and its importance. It then reviews the possible methods of research and study in it through the several topics it deals with, and gives a number of examples. Then it moves on to suggest adding a research method that is complementary or parallel to what is being used, and gives a number of examples of its treatment, and the measurement it adds and its importance.

Design of a Computer Technology-Based Teaching System for College Students Mental Health Course

The hypothetical discussion describes the design of a personal computer innovation-based display structure tailored specifically for subordinates enrolled in an educational well-being course. Using a sophisticated approach, this structure intends to raise understudy devotion, urge dynamic studying, and enhance profitability. The displaying framework promotes reflective thinking, resolute thinking, and the acquisition of practical qualities associated with psychological wellness through the use of intuitive multimedia, competitive elements, and tailored input. This innovative displaying structure allows students to grow a more substantial grasp of mental health concerns while growing their personal psychic flourishing in a consistent and enticing teaching environment through the integration of cutting-edge technology with informative content. Modern instructional tactics stay frequently grounded in scheduled exam-based schooling besides infrequently actually caring about the root cause of pupils' questions, although flipping psychological training methods have emerged in some sectors. The primary goal of this concept is to combine digital intelligence with flipping laboratory brain studies. This essay focuses on the characteristics of fraudulent learning as well as the symbolic significance of flipping their house. What exactly are the advantages of the smart display stage over traditional learning? The following piece chooses crucial 1, the classroom, important 2, the school, main 3, the group, and key 4, from our institution's undergraduates. The A1 and B1 groups guide an academic year of artificial intellect, along with the concept of inverted classrooms for neuroscience. Bundles A2 and B2 depict the under study in accordance with normal training. According to the study data, the size of gatherings A1 and B1 increased respectively. Gatherings A1 and B1 had higher midterm and final normal scores respectively, than assemblages A2 and B2, and their scores have increased by a rate. The influence of artificial intelligence and flipping residence mind study on mental health in education programs may additionally energize subordinates' benefit and forward the advancement of understudy's display throughout autonomous education.

The Scale of Motivationess: an Empirical Description of the Phenomenon and a Presentation of the Method

The aim of the article consists in establishing empirical descriptors of the state of motivation. Methods. The study was implemented according to the Nelson model, which provides for the possibility of determining the essence of the problem under the existing conditions. The empirical research used such methods as the motivation structure questionnaire, the existential feasibility scale of Lange and Orgler, the Schwartz motivational values questionnaire, the Luthans psychological capital method, the Riff psychological well-being questionnaire, the personality life tasks questionnaire (Laboratory of Social Psychology of the personality of Prof. Tytarenko), the questionnaire of Stepa’s reserve motivation, Stepa’s psychological resourcefulness questionnaire, meaningfulness of life method (an adaptation version of the Krumbo and Maholik questionnaire), Muddy’s hardiness questionnaire. The following methods of mathematical and statistical analysis were applied: multivariate, cluster, correlational, comparative, and classification analysis. Research results. The following indicators of motivationess were determined: confidence in one’s capabilities, realistic goal formulation, a clearly defined sequence of actions, effective self-organization of time, understanding of the ratio of one’s strengths and difficulties, completing a task by applying one’s efforts, interest in the process of completing the task, desire to complete the task, inspiration from one’s own experience of success, the ability to draw analytical conclusions from one’s own experience of failures, resistance to stress during task performance, proactiveness in setting the task, the desire to receive and provide informative feedback during the execution and completion of the task, readiness to learn new knowledge and skills to perform the task, sense vocation for staging and completing the task. Cronbach alpha for statements of the Motivationess scale is within 0.91–0.92. The value of intercorrelations of motivationess indicators is 0.30–0.78 (p < .001). The classification analysis showed that low, medium, and high levels of motivationess were correctly determined by 90%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. The structure of motivationess is two-factor, cumulative multi-factor analysis explained 59% of the variance of the data in the group. A higher level of motivationess is characterized by its procedural, dynamic indicators. The k-means method showed the correctness of distinguishing two types of motivationess - low and high; the type of motivationess is determined by its dynamic indicators. Conclusions. Motivationess is characterized by us as a dynamic motivational state of existential discourse, which is actualized about a certain life task, is manifested in the ability of the individual to correlate his resources with the challenges of life conditions in a dialogic interaction, and is experienced by him as inspiration. The motivation scale received the necessary indicators of its reliability. The text of the Motivationess scale is included in the appendix to the article.

The impact of emotional intelligence on coping strategies for psychological trauma

The aim is to determine the impact of emotional intelligence on coping strategies for psychological trauma. Methods: The research was conducted using survey and testing based on diagnostic methods: Primary Care PTSD Screen, WCQ, EQ-test. Statistical methods were used: ANOVA, descriptive statistics, regression analysis. Two hundred seventy internally displaced persons (IDPs) aged 23 to 48 participated in the study. The study found that subjects with PTSD signs have low emotional intelligence (M=32.31±14.88) and confrontation (M=12.68±4.08), distancing (M=12.74±4.62), avoidance (M=13.85±4.97) coping strategies. Regression analysis established that a low level of emotional intelligence promotes confrontation (β=-1.926±0.296) and distancing (β=-1.198±0.386) coping, and a high level of emotional intelligence develops a problem-solving strategy (β=1.277±0.298). The results make it possible to expand the range of providing psychological assistance in overcoming psychological trauma through the formation of emotional intelligence. This will ensure the assimilation of constructive coping as elements of conscious overcoming of life's difficulties. Increasing the level of emotional intelligence and adaptive behavior strategies will help reduce feelings of stress due to trauma. The obtained results open opportunities to study the impact of emotional intelligence on individuals who experienced traumatic events. Studying external and internal factors contributes to emotional intelligence development. Identifying individual and socio-cultural aspects of coping strategies enhances psychological support methods. Understanding emotional intelligence's influence helps design programs to develop it and overcome psychological trauma, including telepsychology.

Socio-political and psychological methods of countering negative information influence among young people

Socio-political and psychological methods of countering negative information influence among young people

Exploring psychiatric patient restraints: Balancing safety, ethics, and patient rights in mental healthcare

Restraint, often linked with limiting an individual's freedom of movement, has become a focal point of extensive discussion and evaluation within the realm of mental healthcare. Striking a delicate balance between ensuring individual safety and minimizing reliance on restraint methods poses a significant challenge. In mental health inpatient settings, the prevalent forms of restraint encompass physical, chemical, environmental, and psychological methods. Paradoxically, the consequences of employing restraint can be severe, ranging from injuries and cognitive decline to sedation and, in extreme cases, fatalities. This paper seeks to offer a nuanced exploration of the landscape surrounding psychiatric patient restraints, considering both global perspectives and specific insights from the Indian context. The guidelines outlined in India's Mental Healthcare Act of 2017, which governs the use of restraint on individuals suffering with mental illnesses, are also examined in detail.

Исследование взаимосвязи стресса и психического здоровья педагогов образовательных организаций МВД России

The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationship between stress and mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The subject of this study was the mental health of teachers of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The study was carried out on the basis of the cultural-historical, activity-based and resource-based methodological approaches of psychology (L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, P. Ya. Galperin, D. B. Elkonin, etc.). In the process of conducting the research, the following methods were used: formal logical analysis, generalizations, diagnostic (psychological test methods for assessing stress resistance and neuropsychic adaptation), quantitative (statistical) and qualitative (differentiation of material by groups, options), as well as methods of mathematical statistics with using computer statistical packages of the SPSS program.
 The respondents were 40 representatives of the teaching staff of educational institutions of higher education aged 30-45 years with 10-20 years of work experience.
 It has been revealed that the mental health of teachers is determined, first of all, by their susceptibility to organizational stress, which affects the manifestation of a state of maladjustment and mental discomfort.
 The study determined the characteristics of susceptibility to organizational stress of teachers of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; Differences were identified in the degree of exposure to the negative consequences of stress between certified teachers and civilian teachers. A significant connection between the level of neuropsychic adaptation and the level of assessment of organizational stress was revealed. The training program for preserving mental health and self-development of the teaching staff of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is justified;
 It has been shown that susceptibility to organizational stress, the level of psychological stress, and the severity of stress factors are higher in the group of teachers at civilian universities; in terms of the degree of exposure to the negative consequences of stress, the groups of certified teachers dominate the group of civilians; The mental health of professionals is determined, first of all, by their susceptibility to organizational stress, which affects the manifestation of a state of maladjustment and mental discomfort.

Геймификация в образовании как фактор формирования актуальных профессиональных компетенций

The article considers aspects of the use of gamification in education as a factor in the formation of professional competencies. In the context of learning, gamification is understood as a certain technology associated with the introduction of game components into the educational process based on the use of algorithms that were previously used in various computer gaming programs. Such trends in educational practice, in the context of the use of gamification, as the systematization of practical experience in the use of gamification and the development of its theoretical and methodological foundations are highlighted; the focus on achieving certain educational results is the formation of professional competencies within the framework of educational activities; the use of gamification in teaching various disciplines of the curriculum: foreign languages, engineering specialties, in inclusive educational practice, in management, in marketing, etc. In the context of digital transformation of education, the implementation of gamification forms the necessary motivation for educational activities, expands the boundaries of professional and personal development for all subjects of educational activity. Gamification allows you to implement various psychological and pedagogical techniques and methods to achieve learning goals, including the differentiation of strategic and tactical goals when completing course assignments, maintaining the necessary level of attention and concentration of students, combining various options for the complexity of tasks performed and on this basis identifying the abilities of participants to solve these tasks in a timely manner, modeling and implementing various game situations for the formation and development of certain professional competencies, etc. In the context of the development of the digital economy, globalization and informatization of educational activities, gamification optimally complements the already existing traditional training, with an emphasis on the use of game techniques in education, the involvement of gamification participants in solving collective tasks, achieving personal and group goals when completing the course in the form of a game, revealing their abilities precisely within the framework of team tasks and, thus, forming the necessary relevant professional competencies within the framework of educational activities.

Instinct, Suprresion and Catharsis: The Psychological Source and Guidance of Teenagers' Network Ideology in the Era of Big Data

The unique educational attributes of the big data era can not only improve the audience's acceptance effect, but also accelerate the overall process of achieving ideological security education goals, playing a certain role in maintaining the unity of youth's thinking and daily behavior. Youth are the "core indigenous people" in the field of the Internet. Big data and mobile communication have brought new changes to the lifestyle and values of young people. In an era full of data, linking big data with life, work, and education is a contemporary issue that we should pay attention to and think about. The purpose of this study is to explore the psychological sources and guidance methods of adolescent online ideology in the era of big data. Firstly, through literature analysis and empirical research, we found that psychological factors such as instincts, repression, and venting among adolescents have a significant impact on their online ideology. Secondly, we utilized methods such as questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews to explore the relationship between different psychological sources and online ideology. Finally, we propose a series of targeted guidance strategies, including enhancing self-awareness, cultivating a healthy mindset, and improving network literacy, to help teenagers establish the correct network ideology. It is necessary to strengthen the self-management awareness of teenagers, cultivate targeted opinion leaders, strengthen online supervision, establish and improve a risk prevention mechanism for online ideology, and promote mainstream ideology.

A good enough grip on life in youth

An increasingly large number of Western youth suffer from impaired general well-being and mental health. This is not least compounded by inappropriate use of psychological concepts and methods. They are trying to get a grip on life by, first of all, using psychology in a psychologizing way, which – contrary to the intention – creates an impaired image of one’s self and life, and which is nonpractical, because it is difficult to operationalize and does not point towards what actually can be done to get a good enough grip on own and common life. In this article, we discuss the danger of this inclination for psychologizing and introduce a psychological method which may avoid the psychologizing pitfalls. A research study is presented showing whether high school students can make use of the method, as well as the effect of their use of the method regarding mental health in the form of experienced stress, general well-being, and sense of coherence in life.

Effects of web neonatal intensive care unit diaries on the mental health, quality of life, sleep quality, care ability, and hormone levels of parents of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveTo examine the effects of web neonatal intensive care unit diaries on the mental health, quality of life, sleep quality, care ability, and hormone levels of parents of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. DesignProspective randomized controlled parallel-group clinical trial. SettingMaternal and Child Health Hospital, Fujian, China. MethodsThe control group received routine neonatal intensive care unit care, while the intervention group received a web neonatal intensive care unit diary based on routine care. Outcomes, including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, quality of life, sleep quality, care ability, and cortisol and melatonin levels, were evaluated at T1 (Time 1, before the intervention), T2 (Time 2, immediately after the intervention), and T3 (Time 3, 1 month after the intervention). ResultsSeventy pairs of parents of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit were randomly allocated to two groups: intervention (n = 35) and control (n = 35). The anxiety scores in the intervention group were significantly lower at T2 and T3 than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The care ability scores in the intervention group were significantly higher at T2 and T3 (P < 0.001). The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder at T3 was significantly different between the groups (P = 0.040). No significant differences were observed in the quality of life or sleep quality between the groups at T2 and T3 (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in cortisol and melatonin levels between the groups (P > 0.05). ConclusionsWeb neonatal intensive care unit diaries effectively relieved anxiety symptoms, reduced the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, and enhanced the care abilities of parents of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Implications for clinical practiceWeb neonatal intensive care unit diary can be considered in clinical practice as a convenient psychological intervention method, especially among parents of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

"Earthly paradise" in Alexander Dovzhenko films

"Earthly paradise" in Alexander Dovzhenko films

Pakikipagpalagayang- loob: Exploring Mutual Trust between Programme Managers and Children in a Philippine Residential Care Facility

This study examines the trust relationship between the programme managers and residents in a house for girls in need of protection in the Philippines which advocates child participation. The research employs interviews with the programme managers and residents (10) using Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology) methods of pagtatanong-tanong (asking questions) and pakikipagkuwentuhan (exchanging stories). The first research question explores how the management demonstrates trust towards the children, revealing cognitive and affective trust, along with the manifestation of palagay ang loob, ease within the inner selves of both parties. The second question unveils reciprocal trust, where the initial trust of the managers is mirrored by the children in their benevolence, ability, and integrity. Notably, the study introduces the concept of pakikipagpalagayang-loob, highlighting mutual trust rooted in the acceptance and understanding of holistic selves. The study contributes to local literature by addressing a research gap in understanding residential care within the Philippine context. Moreover, it enhances the body of knowledge on Filipino Psychology by analyzing trust through the lenses of loob and kapwa in Sikolohiyang Pilipino.

The developmental trajectory of college students’ psychological flexibility: Based on latent growth model

The purpose of this study is to explore the development law of college students' psychological flexibility (PF), the influencing factors of demographic variables, and group heterogeneity through longitudinal tracking. This study collected the PF data of 1068 college students in three times and constructed the data model. Results show that the PF level of college students exhibited a significant upward trend across the three measurements, gender and left-behind experience had a remarkable impact on the slope factor. It means the PF of college students improves over time, gender and left-behind experience may affect the speed and amplitude of the improvement. The development trajectory of PF of college students showed obvious group heterogeneity and could be divided into the “high flexibility-low development group” (92%) and the “low flexibility-high development group” (8%). It means college students can be divided into two categories, which allows for the implementation of tailored psychological counseling and intervention methods. The practical significance of this study is that it has a certain grasp of the development track and law of college students' PF, which is helpful for mental health educators to teach students by their aptitude. According to the development characteristics of different types of college students' PF, different methods of psychological counseling and intervention are adopted to improve the effectiveness of mental health education.

Intervention for reducing the overuse of upper endoscopy in patients

Utilisation rates for healthcare services vary widely both within and between nations. Moreover, healthcare providers with insurance-based reimbursement systems observe an effect of social determinants of health on healthcare utilisation...

Model of medical and psychological counseling of patients with a comorbid combination of gambling and alexithymia

Background. The article highlights the features of providing counseling to patients with gambling addiction, in particular, the specifics of medical and psychological counseling in those common cases when pathological gambling is comorbidly combined with alexithymic disorder. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate and describe the developed model of medical and psychological counseling of patients with a pathological urge to gamble, formed due to the presence of alexithymia. Materials and Methods. In the process of creating a model of medical and psychological counseling of patients with a comorbid combination of gambling and alexithymia, such methods as analysis of scientific sources, modeling, clinical amnestic and clinical psychological methods were used. Results. The essential properties of clinical and psychological interventions, one of the varieties of which is medical and psychological counseling, are characterized. The specifics of the application and content of medical and psychological as an independent type of medical psychologist’s activity in clinical practice are described. It is determined that counseling with patients with mental disorders is reduced to mitigating the psychological and social consequences of nuclear mental disorder, as well as eliminating psychological factors that exacerbate its course. The author’s model of medical and psychological counseling of patients with a comorbid combination of gambling and alexithymia is scientifically substantiated and described. The task of creating a conceptual model of medical and psychological counseling of gambling addicts with alexithymic radical in the structure of their personality was specified in the article as the need for structural disclosure of fundamentally important positions and features of the application of an integrative-eclectic approach in psychotherapeutic practice, applied with counseling with patients suffering from gambling addiction and having comorbid alexithymic symptoms. Conclusions. The necessity of wide use of clinical interviews, psychoeducation and developments of the cognitive-behavioral approach in the practice of providing advisory assistance to this category of patients is substantiated. The developed model of medical and psychological counseling of patients with pathological gambling and alexithymia is a structured and detailed description of the main medical psychologist’s activities with the allocation of their key stages, which in the aggregate are reduced to tactful verbal influence to eliminate maladaptive manifestations.

Адаптационный потенциал сотрудников органов внутренних дел как ресурс при преодолении профессионального выгорания

Introduction. The phenomenon of “professional burnout”appears to be of special interest among scientists. Although there have been many studies of the nature of its occurrence and dynamics, there is no unity in understanding the ways to prevent and correct changes of mental and socio-psychological functions caused by personalitydeformation. According to A. K. Markova, specialists of “human-human” professions, working constantly with people, are more at risk of professional deformation than employees of “human-technology” and “human-nature” professions. Supporting this idea, we should note that under conditions of high responsibility, pressure and increasing demandsnot always corresponding the inner resources, this problem becomes especially important. The destructive effect affects mental process and personal characteristics, leading to negative changes in the professional activities of police officers. The mission of police officers to protect the public against criminals and other unlawful encroachments becomes, metaphorically speaking, “transparent” due to professional burnout, in particular, depersonalisation (negligent approach to duties and cynical attitude towards citizens). That is why, it is important to determine in time individuals being more prone to professional burnout, to reveal signs indicating its occurrence, and to develop a methodology stimulating adaptive potential and extension of tunnel thinking provoked by high stress. Methods. The following psychological methods were used: the method of assessment of adaptive abilities - “MOAS” (developed on the basis of Kettell’s Test). This method helped to assess the respondents’ personal characteristics “closeness – sociability”, “emotional instability - emotional stability”, “shyness – courage”, “trustfulness – suspiciousness”, “self-confidence – anxiety”, “relaxation – tension”; the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) adapted by N. E. Vodopyanova, which helped to determine the level of professional burnout on the following three scales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduction of professional achievements; thePearson correlationmethod (statistical analysis of the data). Results. The results determined four groups of respondents: with high, satisfactory, low, unsatisfactory levels of adaptive potential. The majority of respondents (70.5 %) have insufficient adaptive potential for coping with stressful situations, rational assessment of requirements and personal resources. Besides, employees with low level of adaptive abilities are more prone to professional burnout, especially depersonalisation.

Looking for a broader mindset in psychometrics: the case for more participatory measurement practices.

Psychometrics and the consequences of its use as the method of quantitative empirical psychology has been continuously criticized by both psychologists and psychometrists. However, the scope of the possible solutions to these issues has been mostly focused on the establishment of methodological-statistical best practices for researchers, without any regard to the pitfalls of previous stages of measurement as well as theory development of the targeted phenomenon. Conversely, other researchers advance the idea that, since psychometrics is riddled with many issues, the best way forward is a complete rework of the discipline even if it leaves psychologists and other practitioners without any way to measure quantitatively for a long period of time. Given these tensions, we therefore advocate for an alternative path to consider while we work on making substantive change in measurement. We propose a set of research practices focusing on the inclusion and active participation of groups involved in measurement activities, such as psychometrists, researchers but most importantly practitioners and potential participants. Involving a wider community while measuring in psychology could tackle some key issues that would take us closer to a more authentic approach to our phenomenon of interest.

Assessment of Mental Workload Level Based on PPG Signal Fusion Continuous Wavelet Transform and Cardiopulmonary Coupling Technology

Mental workload is an important predisposing factor for mental illnesses such as depression and is closely related to individual mental health. However, the suboptimal accuracy of utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG) exclusively for mental workload classification has constrained its application within pertinent professional domains. To this end, this paper proposes a signal processing method that combines continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and cardiopulmonary coupling mapping (CPC) to classify mental load via a convolutional neural network (ResAttNet). The method reflects changes in mental workload, as assessed by changes in the association between heart rate variability and respiration. In this paper, the strengths and weaknesses of this method are compared with other traditional psychological workload monitoring methods, such as heart rate variability (HRV), and its validation is performed on the publicly available dataset MAUS. The experiments show that the method is significantly better than previous machine learning methods based on heart rate variability correlation. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the method proposed in this paper reaches 80.5%, which is 6.2% higher than in previous studies. It is comparable to the result of 82.4% for the ECG-based mental workload monitoring system. Therefore, the method of combining CWT and CPC has considerable potential and provides new ideas for mental workload classification.

Multiperspective Islamic Study Methods

The purpose of this research is to describe various examples of the application of Islamic study methods in psychology. The author uses a descriptive qualitative method with a type of literature study approach. The data were obtained from documentation originating from various books, research journals, as well as various other documents or records that are worthy of being used as supporting material for obtaining scientific research data. In the process of data analysis, the writer took several stages that had to be carried out, namely (1) reading and examining various sources of data that had been obtained, (2) defining the nature of Islamic and psychological study methods, (3) analysing the relevance of Islamic study methods to psychology, and (4) concludes several applications of Islamic methods in psychological review. The results of the research found describe that the application of Islamic study methods in a psychological review consists of three points of discussion, namely (1) the 'iddah period for women, (2) the obligation to earn a living for men, and (3) the principle of child education based on the period development.