Research Methodology Research Articles

FELSEFE-BİLİM İLİŞKİLERİ: DİSİPLİNLERARASI YAKLAŞIM BAĞLAMINDA EPİSTEMOLOJİK ANALİZ

In the article, some epistemological features of philosophy-science relations in the modern stage are discussed through the prism of an interdisciplinary approach. It is emphasized that since the field of interdisciplinary research has its own research methodology and methods, it also brings a special content to philosophy-science relations. Within this approach, the term “interdisciplinarity” can be considered as a scientific cognitive position with its unique approach, research methodology and methods. In the article, methodological principles such as relativism, contextualism, intersubjectivity and perspectivism are used in the prism of systemic interactions, which are characteristic of an interdisciplinary approach. System research and providing integrative dynamics are used as methods. Scientific innovation is related to the thesis that philosophy-science relations in the modern stage are one of the parameters of the scientific-technological-social “system” or “network”. One of the concrete manifestations of this is the increasing role of the cultural context in philosophy-science relations.

영유아교육과정의 연구동향 분석: 2000년-2023년 학술지 논문을 중심으로

This study analyzed 1,055 journal articles listed in the Korea Citation Index (KCI) published from 2000 to 2023 to identify the trends and characteristics of early years (0-5 years) curriculum research and suggest ideas for future research. The analysis subjects were selected based on the research title, keywords, and contents, and content analysis was conducted according to three categories: research paradigm, topic, and methodology. The results of the analysis showed that research on early years curriculum has been continuously increasing since 2000, and in terms of research paradigm, the transition from the ‘empirical-analytical’ to the ‘interpretive’ paradigm was identified. It was also found that research on the post-reconceptual perspective has been increasing before and after the implementation of the 2019 Nuri Curriculum. In terms of research topics, research was conducted the most in the order of ‘comparison and analysis’, ‘implementation and practice’, ‘recognition and understanding’, and ‘development and design’ of the curriculum. In terms of methodology, ‘literature and theory’ research was conducted the most, and quantitative and qualitative research accounted for a similar proportion. The analysis results suggest that future research on early years curriculum should increase research based on critical and post-reconceptual perspectives, research on curriculum philosophy and theory, and development of various alternative research methodologies.

Development of RBL-STEM Learning to Improve Students' Conjecturing Thinking Skills in Asymmetric Cryptography Problems in Blockchain Technology Using Super (a,d)-Hyperedge Antimagic Total Labeling of Hypergraphs

The rapid evolution of blockchain technology underscores the need to enhance students' conjecturing thinking skills. Research-Based Learning (RBL), combined with Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) approaches, offers an effective framework for this purpose. This study aims to explore RBL-STEM activities, describe the process of developing RBL-STEM learning materials, and analyze the effectiveness of these resources in improving students' conjecturing thinking abilities. Using a research and development (R&D) methodology, the study produced various learning tools, including assignment designs, worksheets, and learning outcome assessments. The developed materials demonstrated a validity score of 96.80%. A trial conducted with 37 students revealed that the RBL-STEM resources were highly effective (92.12%) and practical (97.71%), with students showing strong engagement and positive feedback. The study found significant improvements in students’ conjecturing thinking skills as they tackled super -hyperedge antimagic total labeling problems in the context of asymmetric cryptography for blockchain technology. Students' proficiency levels were categorized into three groups: high, medium, and low. Statistical analysis, phase imaging, N-Vivo software, and word cloud tools validated the results, further confirming the enhancement of conjecturing thinking skills. This research highlights the potential of RBL-STEM to develop critical thinking abilities in practical applications, such as solving complex blockchain-related problems.

Analyzing top nationalities visiting Thailand in 2030

This research paper will look at and analyze the projected top nationalities visiting the beautiful and vibrant country of Thailand in the year 2030. The focus of this investigation is to point out and put great emphasis on the great significance of grasping and understanding the detailed tourist demographics. In doing so, we are creating a way towards sustainable development and growth in the Thai tourism industry, one that plays an important part in the nation's economy. To contextualize the importance of this research, it is important to bring into focus the fact that international tourism has played a vital role in the economic progress of Thailand. An escalation in the number of visitors and the considerable contribution of foreign tourists to the country's Gross Domestic Product will be explored with a keen eye for detail. This will provide us with valuable insight into what is undeniable: the impact visitors have on the economy of Thailand. This study has incorporated a mixed methods approach so that the findings can be not only reliable but also comprehensive. This will enable us to paint an accurate picture of the nationalities that are expected to dominate the tourist arrivals in the year 2030, using both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. The holistic research methodology will give us an understanding of the shifting landscape of incoming visitors. From the results of our in-depth research analysis, it can be deduced that some nationalities will still top the list as tourists traveling to Thailand by the year 2030, with specific countries like Japan, China, and India, for instances, remaining at the pinnacle of providing the most tourist visitors. In this paper, we will identify the intrinsic need for tailored marketing strategies and resource allocation by key stakeholders in the ever-thriving tourism sector by tapping into the cultural, economic, and behavioral characteristics of these tourists. The paper also goes beyond statistical findings and discusses implications for public policy and sustainable tourism practices. It strongly calls for the creation of a collaborative partnership between government and industry that will plan for a better visitor experience. It is through this partnership that we will be able to identify and respond to challenges, including growing issues of overtourism and degradation of the natural environment. It is a holistic approach that considers future tourism development in tandem with environmental conservation and the culture of Thailand. Basically, this research encapsulates the undeniable importance of getting a comprehensive understanding of the nationalities of visitors in Thailand. By decoding and interpreting such valuable information, insight, and understanding, Thailand can move along the path of always offering the best tourism product to make sure that the country's economic benefit is continuously reaped for many years to come. This research venture hereby also aspires to add to the well-being and prosperity of Thai tourism and to assist its movement toward international leader status in its field.

Expanding horizons in the Middle East: evaluating the Hair Addict’s strategies for growth

Research methodology The case was developed using a combination of primary and secondary data collection. The main source of primary data collection was an interview with the founder of The Hair Addict, Doaa Gawish, in August 2023, with later follow-up calls to clarify some aspects of the business model and obtain more specific information. For secondary sources of information, the authors relied on the company website, as well as a couple of published interviews with the founder in an online business magazine [1] and an independent news website that covers Egyptian news, culture and lifestyle topics (Makary, 2021). The case also relies on macroeconomic and industry data obtained from various databases and research report providers, which are referenced in the case and teaching note.

Cloud accounting: a systematic literature review

Purpose Cloud accounting has emerged as a compelling area of research, experiencing significant growth in recent years. Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze the dispersed academic literature on cloud accounting research. Through this review, this study aims to gain insights into various aspects including research methodologies, frameworks, geographical dispersion, trends, pivotal factors and causal relationships pertinent to cloud accounting. Design/methodology/approach To offer a comprehensive and objective overview of cloud accounting research, this study adopts a systematic literature review approach. Seventy-five papers published between 2013 and 2023 were selected from the Scopus database, Springer Link, Emerald Insight and IEEE Xplore, following specific criteria outlined in the PRISMA process. Findings Analysis reveals that cloud accounting research is organized into four primary themes: understanding the benefits and challenges of cloud accounting; identifying factors influencing cloud accounting adoption; exploring factors influenced by cloud accounting implementation; and examining the mediating role of cloud accounting. Besides, the analysis indicates a notable surge in cloud accounting research from 2021 to 2023, with 40 articles published during this period, signaling a growing interest in the topic. Previous studies primarily concentrated on developing countries, with Jordan, Indonesia, Malaysia, India and Nigeria emerging as focal points. The organizational level was predominantly explored, particularly in the context of small- and medium-sized enterprises, indicating a trend toward organizational-level analysis. Notably, a significant portion of cloud accounting studies were not published in prestigious journals indexed under Scopus. Originality/value This study provides insights into the publication status of cloud accounting by year, journal and country. Methodological, theoretical and unit of analysis information is also presented. Finally, the study outlines limitations and suggests future research directions.

Exploring the moderating role of university environmental performance in shaping students’ environmental awareness and behaviors

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating role of university environmental performance in the relationship between students’ environmental awareness and behavior, with a particular focus on the imperative for universities to adopt comprehensive sustainability frameworks. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative research methodology, the study administered a survey to 775 undergraduate students from diverse academic departments at a public university. The survey aimed to assess students’ environmental awareness, behaviors and perceptions of university environmental performance. The Mann–Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were applied, and a simple moderation analysis was performed. Findings The results indicate that environmental awareness significantly influences students’ environmental behaviors. Crucially, the perception of environmental performance moderates the relationship between environmental awareness and behavior. The relationship between environmental awareness and environmental behaviors becomes stronger when environmental performance increases. Research limitations/implications While the scope of this research is limited to a single institution, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings, future studies could extend this investigation to multiple universities to confirm and expand upon these results. Originality/value This research contributes to the existing body of literature by emphasizing the critical role universities play in cultivating students’ environmental awareness and behaviors, and it underscores the importance of institutional environmental performance in promoting sustainable practices within academic environments. Although previous research has explored environmental awareness and behavior, this study offers a unique contribution as it establishes a connection between the awareness-behavior gap and environmental performance.

The rising appeal of creative industry for women entrepreneurs: an exploratory study of rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Purpose The current research study aims to explore the rising appeal of creative industry for institutionally embedded women entrepreneurs of rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research methodology is adopted to conduct the research study. Primary data is collected through in-depth interviews with 38 women entrepreneurs working in two sectors of creative industry in rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Findings The research study explored creative industry as the most informal, non-traditional, low cost, flexible and convenient business sector for institutionally embedded Pukhtoon women entrepreneurs of rural KP. Practical implications The study draws the attention of policymakers and government to consider the informal norms in which women entrepreneurship is deeply embedded, while making entrepreneurship development policies and programs. The research study drives the attention of government toward making entrepreneurial education and training facilities easily available so that the skill and talent of women entrepreneurs can be more polished and enhanced. It further suggests that if the policymakers and Government of Pakistan take positive initiations and recognize the paramount importance, the creative industry of Pakistan has the potential of contributing toward uplifting of the economy. Originality/value The study helps in identifying the prevailing social and cultural norms in KP that shapes the choice of women entrepreneurs toward entrepreneurship in creative industry. It emphasizes to understand the reasons, for which women in KP, opt to open their entrepreneurial ventures in creative industry.

The institutionalization of teacher training in business higher education as a consequence of pandemic experiences

ABSTRACT This experiential report underscores the ongoing need for training higher education business teachers in educational methodologies and technologies, as observed from the results of actions taken during the COVID-19 pandemic’s social distancing process. The institutionalization of teacher training became evident following the emergency transition from in-person to remote teaching and learning. Based on this experience, a series of continuous training initiatives have been structured and proposed as outcomes. The objective of the study is to identify the key aspects of institutionalizing teacher development as a consequence of these measures. Action research served as the research methodology to measure and evaluate the applied processes, with results presented and assessed in three cycles, each offering opportunities for improvement. Ultimately, this report highlights how the institutionalization of continuous teacher training aligns with the objectives of Education 4.0 and the imperative for pedagogical practice updates, potentially offering insights for teacher training research and practical actions.

Factors associated with receiving a Functional Disorder diagnostic label: A systematic review.

Functional Disorders (FD) are highly prevalent conditions that are diagnosed based on the presence of specific patterns of somatic symptoms. Examples of FDs include Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Many patients who meet the criteria do not receive a formal diagnostic label. This systematic review aims to assess factors associated with receiving an FD diagnostic label. A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. All research methodologies and languages were included with a focus on experiences and impacts of receiving/having an FD diagnostic label. Excluded studies were those not mentioning diagnostic labels, only involving single pain symptoms, and studies solely focusing on functional neurological symptoms. Screening, data extraction and quality ratings (using the QuADS instrument) were performed by two independent reviewers. 15 Studies were identified (10 quantitative and 5 qualitative). Our results show that female patients were more likely to receive an FD diagnostic label for their symptoms; other associations were less consistent and only found for specific labels or research designs. In general, quality of life and healthcare use did not seem to differ between patients with and without an FD diagnostic label. From the healthcare professional's perspective there was doubt about giving an FD diagnostic label, mainly due to concerns of harm for patients. Quality of included studies was rated low to moderate. Better understanding of factors associated with receiving or having an FD diagnostic label, independently from symptom development can help healthcare professionals make evidence-based decisions in labelling or not; however, high quality studies on this topic are urgently needed.

Nitric oxide as integral element in priming- induced tolerance and plant stress memory.

The beneficial effects of priming technology are aimed at the promotion of growth and development and stress tolerance in plants. Different seed pre-treatment and vegetative priming approaches (osmo-, chemical, physical, hormonal, redox treatments) increase the level of nitric oxide (NO) being an active contributor to growth regulation and defence responses. On the other hand, seed pre-treatment or vegetative priming mainly with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) helps to mitigate different abiotic stresses like salinity, cold, drought, excess metals. The effect of SNP/NO covers the alleviation of stress-specific effects (e.g. reduction of cadmium uptake in case of cadmium loading, improvement of water balance in case of drought), as well as general effects, such as alleviating oxidative stress. Seed pre-treatment or vegetative priming with SNP/NO up-regulates antioxidant enzymes at the activity level and increases the amount of a wide range of non-enzymatic antioxidants. However, due to adverse effects of SNP we urge the testing of other conventional NO donors (e.g. S-nitrosoglutathione) as well as new substances with more favourable properties (e.g. NO-releasing nanomaterials, plasmas, plasma treated liquids, combined donors) as seed pre-treating and vegetative priming materials. This review gives further suggestions on the methodology and future directions of fundamental research in relation to NO-associated pre-treatment and priming.

Legal Decisions Based on Sex, Sexual Orientation, Race, and Ethnicity: A Systematic Review of Intimate Partner Violence Research

As a part of the Partner Abuse State of Knowledge project, this systematic review provides an update on intimate partner violence (IPV) legal decision-making research from the last 10 years. We specifically reviewed how sex/gender, sexual orientation, and race/ethnicity influence police, prosecutor, and adjudicator perceptions and decision-making in IPV cases. We systematically reviewed a total of 91 study-eligible articles and ascertained themes within the literature. Most notably, the research is mixed and findings were inconsistent and depended on the research focus and methodology. The most robust trend indicates White, heterosexual female victims are constructed as those most worthy of legal pursuit. This pattern was apparent in decisions to arrest, prosecute, sentence, and grant protective orders. Furthermore, some studies indicate individuals from historically marginalized groups (i.e., people of color and folx in the lesbian, gay, and bisexual community) or female-to-male-perpetrated IPV are disparately ignored by the legal system; others observe more aggressive legal action in these populations. We discuss these seemingly contradictory responses and pose ideas for future research.

Mental Health Issues in Chinese College Students as Former Left-Behind Children: A Literature Review

The issue of left-behind children in China has been a consequence of its accelerated economic development in the past few decades. While there is a large body of literature on the physical and mental health states of this group, research on the impact of their early left-behind life on their future development, particularly on their future mental well-being, has been inadequate. This article is a literature review based on 40 prior studies of the mental health states of college students as former left-behind children in China. It encapsulates research topics, methodologies, and tools of these studies and draws the conclusion that these college students’ past experiences as left-behind children have long-term impacts, primarily unfavorable ones, on their mental well-being. Also, the study summarizes the factors that possibly affect mental health in this group and proposes certain intervention suggestions.

The Challenge and Response of Network Security in The Era of Artificial Intelligence

With the emergence of artificial intelligence, new situations, new problems, and new challenges in the field of network security are emerging one after another, affecting the global economic pattern, development pattern, and security pattern, also putting forward higher requirements for network security assurance. Nowadays, cases of using fake audio and video such as AI face-changing and AI voice-changing to commit new cybercrimes occur occasionally. From the individual level, artificial intelligence lowers the threshold for personal cybercrime. At the social level, artificial intelligence forges false information that misleads the public and poses a certain threat to people’s property. This article aims to analyse the function of artificial intelligence and discuss the impact of emerging technologies on social development. This article by comparing domestic and foreign researches on artificial intelligence, using a qualitative research methodology with case studies and literature, and expresses views and ideas regarding the laws about artificial intelligence. The article finds that maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the whole society and requires the joint participation of governments, social organisations, and the majority of netizens. Therefore, it is suggested that other security risks that may be caused by artificial intelligence in the future, should be prevented based on risk prevention, and active use laws and regulations to regulate and guide. Secondly, by referring to the law, ensuring the protection of personal information, and standardise the cyber security environment is so significant. Finally, carry out online publicity and education to improve the network security awareness.

Restructuring of Murabahah Agreement Financing

This research discusses the problematic financing settlement policy regulated by Peraturan Bank Indonesia (PBI) No. 10/18/PBI/2008, Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (POJK) No. POJK.03/2019, and Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) No. 47, 48, 49/DSN/MUI/II/2005. Furthermore, this study analyses the implementation of these policies at Bank Muamalat KC Banjarmasin concerning relevant regulations. This research uses a qualitative approach through field research methodology, with data collection conducted through direct interviews with relevant informants. After collecting the data, the author describes, describes, and analyses the policy and implementation of financing restructuring with murabahah contracts at Bank Muamalat KC Banjarmasin. The results showed that the murabaha contract financing restructuring policy at the bank has been implemented comprehensively and by the provisions contained in PBI No. 10/18/PBI/2008, POJK No. 10/POJK.03/Year 2019, and DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 47, 48, 49/DSN/MUI/II/2005, which includes three main elements: rescheduling, reconditioning, and restructuring (3R).

Integrating emotional vocabulary in EFL education: a model for enhancing emotional intelligence in pre-service EFL teachers

This study investigates the role of emotional vocabulary in fostering emotional intelligence (EI) among pre-service EFL teachers, focusing on the Headway series. The general objective was to quantify, categorize, and classify emotion vocabulary across proficiency levels and to develop a systematic teaching model to enhance EI in pre-service teachers. A mixed-methods approach was employed: quantitative analysis identified and categorized emotional vocabulary using established lexicons, and qualitative thematic analysis aligned this vocabulary with key EI components such as self-awareness, emotional regulation, and empathy. To develop the systematic teaching model, a design-based research methodology was utilized, incorporating iterative refinement based on empirical findings and expert feedback. Grounded in Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence Theory, the study revealed a progressive increase in emotional vocabulary, with more complex emotions introduced at advanced levels. Positive emotions were more frequent at beginner levels, while negative and neutral emotions increased at higher stages, supporting self-regulation and empathy development. The systematic teaching model proposed in the study addresses key EI components such as self-awareness, social skills, and emotional regulation by scaffolding emotional vocabulary instruction across proficiency levels. This model provides a structured framework to equip educators with the emotional and linguistic tools necessary for effective classroom management and enhanced student outcomes. This research holds pedagogical implications for teacher training programs, recommending that emotional vocabulary and EI be integrated into pre-service education to improve classroom management and student outcomes.

Assessing the structural relationships between the CIPP model components in teacher education program

PurposeThe objective of this study is to explore the structural relationships among context (C), input (I) and process (P) and product (P) (CIPP) components of teacher preparation programs based on students' perceptions.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, data were collected using a 17-item scale. The study sample consisted of 213 pre-service teachers enrolled in the Postgraduate Professional Diploma in Teaching (PPDT). Quantitative research methodology with multivariate structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to examine the two suggested models.FindingsThe results of this study show that the CIPP model can be projected into preservice teachers' perceptions of the CIPP components. These preservice teachers' perceptions of preparation programs from the three components (CIP) can predict preservice teachers' perceptions of teachers’ preparation program products or outcomes (i.e. the fourth CIPP component). This result indicates that the relationships between the CIPP components and the pre-service teachers' perceptions of the Diploma in Teaching program are direct.Originality/valueTwo suggested models were tested to explore the structural relationships between CIPP components. The first model represents the original CIPP model with indirect relationships between the four components: CIPP. The second model suggests direct relationships between the first three components (CIP) and the objectives or products (P).

The Influence of Pro Evolution Soccer Game-Based Learning on Understanding Football Rules among Tenth Grade Students

The purpose of the study. This study investigates the impact of Pro Evolution Soccer on tenth-grade students' comprehension of football regulations at SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan. Materials and methods. The employed research methodology is experimental, utilizing a pretest-posttest framework devoid of a control group. The participant cohort includes 36 students, consisting of 17 males and 19 females. Data collection involved assessments of football rule comprehension pre- and post-intervention, facilitated by the Pro Evolution Soccer game. Results. Data analysis indicates a substantial effect on comprehension of football rules following the educational intervention utilizing the Pro Evolution Soccer game. This is supported by paired t-test findings, demonstrating that the posttest mean score (74.792) notably exceeds the pretest mean score (60.347), yielding an average difference of 14.4444 and a significance level (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The study concludes that Pro Evolution Soccer effectively enhances students' comprehension of football rules. Incorporating video clips into the learning approach further enriches students' understanding. The research advocates for the broader implementation of such innovative educational methods in physical education and sports to enhance learning quality and student motivation.

How Building Information Modeling Technology Supports Safety on Construction Sites: The Case Study of a Water Reservoir in Italy

Workplace safety, particularly in the construction industry, is a moral and legal imperative, prioritizing the protection of workers’ health and well-being. In Italy, Legislative Decree 81/08 (and subsequent modifications) serves as a regulatory framework for workplace safety, defining the duties of employers and employees and promoting accident prevention measures. Building information modeling technology, which has revolutionized the global construction industry by offering an integrated approach to design, construction, and management through intelligent digital models, has only recently started gaining traction in Italy as part of Industry 4.0. This article examines the potential of integrating the current prevention strategies with BIM technology to optimize safety design on construction sites. A case study demonstrates the use of the BIM software REVIT to model a water reservoir for an aqueduct, including structural and plant components, the surrounding context, and proposed construction site organization. The research methodology involves creating a contextualized 3D model to support preliminary safety assessments, work process organization, and the drafting of a safety and coordination plan. Through detailed analysis and critical discussion, this work contributes to understanding how the interaction of regulations and BIM technology can improve construction site safety, offering insights that are applicable beyond the Italian context to the global construction industry.

Cost-effectiveness decision modelling in social care: exploring the why, the how, and the what next

Context In social care research economic evaluation has had limited impact, in contrast to other health related areas. However, increasing research funding and policy interest is occurring, including regarding the role of cost-effectiveness decision modelling. Objectives We explore why cost-effectiveness decision modelling is informative in a social care setting, how it can and has previously been implemented, and what next steps are needed to ensure consistent, robust, and informative models are produced to inform social care decisions. Method This paper consists of an overview of the theoretical added value of cost-effectiveness decision modelling in a social care setting, alongside a literature search summarising the key features of decision models in the current published and grey literature. Findings Cost-effectiveness decision modelling in social care is relatively undeveloped with only a few examples identified and minimal methodological research in the area. These studies varied greatly in the approaches taken but demonstrate the practicality and value of decision modelling. Limitations The pragmatic approach to the literature review may have missed some existing decision models but we consider the findings to be appropriate. Implications Cost-effectiveness decision modelling has the potential to play an important role in informing effective, consistent, and transparent decision-making processes in social care. However, methodological developments are needed to standardise the approaches taken.