Methodology For Creation Research Articles

Model-Based Estimation of the Strength of Laser-Based Plastic-Metal Joints Using Finite Element Microstructure Models and Regression Models.

Plastic-metal joints with a laser-structured metal surface have a high potential to reduce cost and weight compared to conventional joining technologies. However, their application is currently inhibited due to the absence of simulation methods and models for mechanical design. Thus, this paper presents a model-based approach for the strength estimation of laser-based plastic-metal joints. The approach aims to provide a methodology for the efficient creation of surrogate models, which can capture the influence of the microstructure parameters on the joint strength. A parametrization rule for the shape of the microstructure is developed using microsection analysis. Then, a parameterized finite element (FE) model of the joining zone on micro level is developed. Different statistical plans and model fits are tested, and the predicted strength of the FE model and the surrogate models are compared against experiments for different microstructure geometries. The joint strength is predicted by the FE model with a 3.7% error. Surrogate modelling using half-factorial experimental design and linear regression shows the best accuracy (6.2% error). This surrogate model can be efficiently created as only 16 samples are required. Furthermore, the surrogate model is provided as an equation, offering the designer a convenient tool to estimate parameter sensitivities.

Vortex creation and control in the Kitaev spin liquid by local bond modulations

The Kitaev model realizes a quantum spin liquid where the spin excitations are fractionalized into itinerant Majorana fermions and localized $\mathbb{Z}_2$ vortices. Quantum entanglement between the fractional excitations can be utilized for decoherence-free topological quantum computation. Of particular interest is the anyonic statistics realized by braiding the vortex excitations under a magnetic field. Despite the promising potential, the practical methodology for creation and control of the vortex excitations remains elusive thus far. Here we theoretically propose how one can create and move the vortices in the Kitaev spin liquid. We find that the vortices are induced by a local modulation of the exchange interaction; especially, the local Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (symmetric off-diagonal) interaction can create vortices most efficiently in the (anti)ferromagnetic Kitaev model, as it effectively flips the sign of the Kitaev interaction. We test this idea by performing the {\it ab initio} calculation for a candidate material $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ through the manipulation of the ligand positions that breaks the inversion symmetry and induces the local Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We also demonstrate a braiding of vortices by adiabatically and successively changing the local bond modulations.

예술 활동을 통한 창의적 코딩에 관한 연구 - 교육 프로그램 사례를 기반으로

Creative coding is a type of computer programming intended to create something expressive rather than functional. If the user does not simply consider efficiency, creative coding can offer multiple ways to produce results that are aesthetically better than just one correct answer. Through the recently expanded virtual reality environment and artificial intelligence technology that imitates human cognition, fundamental research on humans is now more important. Therefore, in the education fields, methods of learning through physical and aesthetic experiences are considered to be important. The meaning of aesthetic education through artistic activities has been introduced in many pedagogical theories. Although one aspect is such that aesthetic sensitivity education can facilitate the psychological adaptation of those being educated when they participate in new educational activities, the importance of learning through aesthetic experience had been highlighted in qualitative learning through experience. This study also examines the evolutionary process of computers as an expressive medium of individuals and software developed for artists and designers. The background and examples of the global coding education movement will be explored, and an example of a creative coding curriculum applied by the researcher in an actual educational setting will be introduced. In particular, in this era where data is becoming the material of creators, creative coding that combines the principles of formative art and computational thinking will provide coding education through aesthetic experiences and a new methodology for art creation. As the main purpose of the convergence of art and technology lies in the development of creativity, creative coding can be used in activities to nurture technology-based creators rather than technology consumers in a meaningful way.

МЕТОДИКА СОЗДАНИЯ АРТ-ОБЪЕКТА С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ПРОГРАММНЫХ ПАКЕТОВ

Vector graphics and 3D modeling have opened up a wide range of perspectives for designers to create various art objects. The use of computer graphics greatly simplified the process of sketch creating, as it provided the ability to change, add colors, and edit entire groups of objects. 3D modeling made it possible to recreate products, taking into account the smallest details in a virtual environment, compose an interior, and perform animation of various processes. The research object is the computer programs Corel Draw and 3D max and their importance for the methodology of development and creation of art objects. As a result of the study, it was found that vector graphics and 3D modeling programs not only made it easier for designers to create art objects, but also made it possible to improve the level of design by changing the usual perception. According to the authors, software products influenced the development of design, which made it possible to create any objects in a virtual environment.

Automation methodology of the surface creation of products thin-walled shell

To succeed in the process of educational design, it is necessary to understand and formulate the principles that underlie the creative activity of students and are conditioned by the patterns of technique and technology development. In the process of educational design, opportunities arise for students to use their knowledge about the mechanical, physical, chemical, technological and operational properties of products for the manufacture of an educational design object, as well as for the application and improvement of their practical knowledge and skills. In this work, the authors set themselves the task of resolving the arising methodological disagreements in the process of teaching junior students solid-state modeling of the constituent parts of complex products. It has been established that before proceeding with the design of a unit, it is necessary to analyze it, select individual surface areas and outline methods for their construction, including the construction of complete sketches of individual elements.

A methodology for domain and culture-oriented heuristics creation and validation

ABSTRACT Culture fit is an essential consideration while designing websites in this technologically evolving era, yet it is too often ignored in current usability evaluation methods. The heuristic evaluation is one such method, in which, generally, experts use a set of heuristics as a guide. These heuristics are well designed to pinpoint the general usability design faults; however, they limit identifying potential usability problems for specific domains and cultures. This article presents a formal methodology with a sequence of steps of how domain and culture-specific heuristics can be designed. This methodology is validated and applied in the context of websites for universities in Pakistan.

Agroforestry to Achieve Global Climate Adaptation and Mitigation Targets: Are South Asian Countries Sufficiently Prepared?

Traditional agroforestry systems across South Asia have historically supported millions of smallholding farmers. Since, 2007 agroforestry has received attention in global climate discussions for its carbon sink potential. Agroforestry plays a defining role in offsetting greenhouse gases, providing sustainable livelihoods, localizing Sustainable Development Goals and achieving biodiversity targets. The review explores evidence of agroforestry systems for human well-being along with its climate adaptation and mitigation potential for South Asia. In particular, we explore key enabling and constraining conditions for mainstreaming agroforestry systems to use them to fulfill global climate mitigation targets. Nationally determined contributions submitted by South Asian countries to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change acknowledge agroforestry systems. In 2016, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation’s Resolution on Agroforestry brought consensus on developing national agroforestry policies by all regional countries and became a strong enabling condition to ensure effectiveness of using agroforestry for climate targets. Lack of uniform methodologies for creation of databases to monitor tree and soil carbon stocks was found to be a key limitation for the purpose. Water scarcity, lack of interactive governance, rights of farmers and ownership issues along with insufficient financial support to rural farmers for agroforestry were other constraining conditions that should be appropriately addressed by the regional countries to develop their preparedness for achieving national climate ambitions. Our review indicates the need to shift from planning to the implementation phase following strong examples shared from India and Nepal, including carbon neutrality scenarios, incentives and sustainable local livelihood to enhance preparedness.

Metodologías de creación: Colectividad e intersubjetividad “6…9 ou vice versa”

This article examines the three main axes of the creation process of the piece 6...9 ou vice versa, in which two collective creation methodologies were applied: the RSVP cycles, developed by Lawrence and Anna Halprin, and the notion of Transformative mise en scene in Robert Lepage. Both methodologies will be examined in relation to Roberto Alvim's proposal called Dramaticas do Transumano from a gender perspective; specifically, the exploration from the ecriture feminine elaborated by Helene Cixous in The Laugh of the Medusa. A brief descriptive tour of the selected creation methodologies, as well as the main characteristics postulated by Alvim and a reflection on the concept of Cixous is proposed, in order to generate an analysis on the articulation and convergence of these procedures and proposals.

Information modelling with focus on existing manufacturing systems

Manufacturing systems are frequently required to adapt to changes. To support these, a standardized, semantic exchange of information between all components of the system is crucial. An information model describing all information available within the manufacturing system together with a common middleware protocol is able to fulfil this requirement. To create an information model, it is relevant to identify information objects and their relations to each other. The implementation of a common address space requires further concepts like dynamic aggregation of entities. Therefore, this article describes a methodology for information model creation including versioning compliant modelling and integration of existing standards. Further, steps for implementation as validation and dynamic aggregation of instances are described. The results of this approach have been discussed in the following sections along with the proposal for further directions and an application example.

A Systematic Framework for Assessing the Clinical Impact of Polygenic Risk Scores

Clinically-actionable risk models may be significantly improved by including genetic information via polygenic risk scores (PRSs). Several attempts to determine the degree of PRS improvement have reached inconclusive answers, likely due to their focus on a few diseases and statistics. This investigation aims to address this uncertainty by comprehensively analyzing 23 diseases within the UK Biobank. Our results show that including the PRS to a base model containing age and sex significantly improves prediction accuracy, as measured by ROC curves, in a majority 21 of 23 diseases. Furthermore, we find over 100 instances in which lifestyle-modifications or medications reduce disease risk for individuals in the top PRS quintile significantly more than for individuals in the bottom PRS quintile. Lastly, we find minimal confounding by social and demographic factors, and describe an effective methodology for PRS creation. Together, these results indicate that PRSs carry far greater clinical impact than previously known.

Methodology for Creation of a Professional Finding and Opinion for Expert Witness Report in Electrical Engineering

During the current practice in the making of expert witness report, made by some of our colleagues, sometimes diametrical differences can be noticed, not only in the methodology of the making, but also in the form of how the problem is approached. This may confuse those for whom these findings are intended. With this paper, the author tries to contribute to the methodology for making a professional and objective finding and opinion, especially since no such work has been done so far, at least not in our country (in RSM). This paper covers the issue of electricity theft and consists of four parts. The first part gives a definition of electricity theft and provides some cases which are considered theft by the laws in RSM. The second part covers the procedure for determining the crime itself, together with administrative evidence. The third part covers the ways of the committed act, from which the existence of the said act can be unequivocally determined. The fourth part covers the manner and methodology of calculation of material loss, which was suffered by the distribution system operator (DSO), because during the theft electricity is taken over without it being registered and charged. Keywords: Theft, electricity, witness expert, methodology, procedure, way of making an witness expert report and opinion

Modelling of plasma gamma ray sources in large tokamaks

• Methodology for creation of realistic plasma gamma ray source for Monte Carlo simulations. • Connection between plasma physics simulations and gamma ray Monte Carlo transport. • Methodologies for generation of position, energy and direction sampling distributions from plasma parameters. • Methodology testing with a simplified MCNP tokamak model. Understanding the physics of fast ions in a fusion plasma is widely considered as one of the crucial tasks for the reliable operation of fusion tokamak reactors. Measurements on tokamaks have shown that gamma rays are produced when fast ions react with either plasma fuel ions or with the plasma impurities such as beryllium, carbon and oxygen. The spectroscopy of these gamma rays can be used for measurement of fusion rates in plasma or behaviour and confinement of fusion reaction products, such as the alpha particles. To computationally support experiments a methodology has been developed for creation of a realistic plasma gamma ray source for Monte Carlo simulations. The methodology presented in this paper consists of several steps. First the generation of realistic plasma parameters with the code TRANSP on the basis of experimental measurements. Second the generation of sampling distribution functions from the calculated plasma parameters such as the calculation of the source position distribution function based on the rate densities for the gamma ray emitting reaction. Third the creation of realistic plasma gamma ray source for the code MCNP gamma ray transport simulation. The developed methodology was analysed on a MCNP tokamak model to demonstrate that the methodology generates a realistic plasma gamma ray source for Monte Carlo simulations.

Wind power plants functioning model in the power supply system

The system of complex energy supply of various objects is considered, existing problems in the field of wind power engineering are identified, those that leave complex energy supply using renewable energy sources are analyzed, and the quality of supplied energy is assessed by the efficiency factor. The structural model of wind power plant (HPU) functioning as a subsystem in the autonomous power supply system was considered separately. Methodological bases of designing in the form of structural scheme of methodology of development and creation of rotor HPU have been developed. All stages of designing and development of a wind power plant are analyzed.

Методика создания многомодального корпуса для аудиовизуального распознавания речи в ассистивных транспортных системах

This paper introduces a new methodology of multimodal corpus creation for audio-visual speech recognition in driver monitoring systems. Multimodal speech recognition allows using audio data when video data are useless (e.g. at nighttime), as well as applying video data in acoustically noisy conditions (e.g., at highways). The article discusses several basic scenarios when speech recognition in the vehicle environment is required to interact with the driver monitoring system. The methodology defi nes the main stages and requirements for the design of a multimodal building. The paper also describes metaparameters that the multimodal corpus must correspond to. In addition, a software package for recording an audiovisual speech corpus is described.

Value Based Healthcare. A Strategy for the Cost and Clinically Effective Healthcare System Operation

Purpose: The submitted article focuses on how to solve the problems faced by the European healthcare systems. Design/Methodology: The article consists of two sections. The first one is theoretical and presents interdisciplinary achievements of researchers. The second section includes examples of solutions applied in Sweden, Germany and Great Britain. In the theoretical part, books and articles on the methodology of VBHC creation were reviewed. The empirical part is based on reports on the introduction of VBHC. Findings: The desire to improve cost and clinical effectiveness indicates the need for a value-based healthcare (VBHC). Thus, the concept of VBHC should contribute, according to experts, economists as well as finance and management specialists, to the economic efficiency and clinical effectiveness. Research limitations/implications: Unfortunately, this is a lengthy process to be preceded by many activities. Healthcare registers and databases belong to the most important ones. Thanks to them, it is possible to create the key performance indicators (KPI) allowing for a rational health policy. Original value: To the achievements contained in the publications, the submitted article adds the need to take into account appropriately selected KPIs analyzing the macroeconomic environment for the functioning of hospitals.

MuST-C: A multilingual corpus for end-to-end speech translation

End-to-end spoken language translation (SLT) has recently gained popularity thanks to the advancement of sequence to sequence learning in its two parent tasks: automatic speech recognition (ASR) and machine translation (MT). However, research in the field has to confront with the scarcity of publicly available corpora to train data-hungry neural networks. Indeed, while traditional cascade solutions can build on sizable ASR and MT training data for a variety of languages, the available SLT corpora suitable for end-to-end training are few, typically small and of limited language coverage. We contribute to fill this gap by presenting MuST-C, a large and freely available Multilingual Speech Translation Corpus built from English TED Talks. Its unique features include: i) language coverage and diversity (from English into 14 languages from different families), ii) size (at least 237 hours of transcribed recordings per language, 430 on average), iii) variety of topics and speakers, and iv) data quality. Besides describing the corpus creation methodology and discussing the outcomes of empirical and manual quality evaluations, we present baseline results computed with strong systems on each language direction covered by MuST-C.

The methodology of creating a sole computerized system for the exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine: unified pharmaceutical registers of standardized information

Reforming the pharmaceutical component of healthcare in Ukraine is accompanied by the active introduction of innovative digital information technologies. This confirms the relevance of processing the methodology of computerization of pharmaceutical information exchange processes. Purpose of the research was taking into account the standards of computer systems, to develop a methodology for creating a unified register of pharmaceutical and medical products as the basis for an effective system for the digital exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine. Objects of research: pharmaceutical information, information flows in integration with the processes that accompany it in the system of providing the population with pharmaceutical and medical products. The ontology of the pharmaceutical supply system for the population of Ukraine has been processed by the methods of pharmaceutical informatics. In particular, the methodology of creation and structuring of pharmaceutical computer databases, ontological analysis of the functional structure of the pharmaceutical system, and coding of pharmaceutical information were used.
 Results: the definition of the term «pharmaceutical and medical products/product» (PhMP) is specified; enterprises or their structural subdivisions – components of the pharmaceutical supply system for the population – are conditionally classified by the type of logistic processes of the specified system; enterprises or their structural units – components of the drug supply system for the population – were conditionally classified according to the type of logistic processes of the specified system; the types of products that are consumed (used) when creating a PhMP were identified; a list of specialists has been indicated and steps were given that are necessary to implement the task of building a Unified Register (UR) of PhMP; the methodology for the development of the information structure of the UR of PhMP and its sub-registries (which can also act as autonomous registries) has been presented; the structure of the State Register of Medicinal Products of Ukraine has been considered from the point of view of using the information available in it when constructing the UR of PhMP.
 A methodology has been developed for the creation of the UR of PhMP.as the basis for an effective digital exchange of pharmaceutical information in Ukraine. The expediency of introducing a system for using the Unified Identifiers as the main condition for the functioning of the Unified Computer System for the Exchange of Pharmaceutical Information in Ukraine has been substantiated. An analysis of the sources of basic pharmaceutical information has been carried out for the formation of Unified Registers. An algorithm has been developed for constructing unified registers and their functioning (including integral links between individual Unified Registries) as components of the Unified Computer System for the Exchange of Pharmaceutical Information in Ukraine.

Use of a Persona to Support the Interdisciplinary Design of an Assistive Technology for Meal Preparation in Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract User-centered design (UCD) facilitates the creation of technologies that are specifically designed to answer users’ needs. This paper presents the first step of a UCD using a persona, a fictitious character representing the targeted population, which in this case is people having sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The persona is used to better understand the possible interactions of a TBI population with a prototype of a technology that we wish to develop, namely the Cognitive Orthosis for coOKing (COOK). COOK is meant to be an assistive technology that will be designed to promote independence for cooking within a supported-living residence. More specifically, this paper presents the persona’s creation methodology based on the first four phases of the persona’s lifecycle. It also describes how the persona methodology served as a facilitator to initiate an interdisciplinary collaboration between a clinical team and a computer science team. Creation of personas relied on a clinical model (Disability Creation Process) that contextualized the needs of this population and an evaluation tool [Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Profile] that presented a wide range of cognitive assistance needs found in this same population. This paper provides an in-depth description of some of the most frequent everyday difficulties experienced by individuals with TBI as well as the persona’s abilities, limitations and social participation during the realization of IADL, and an evaluation of the manifestations of these difficulties during IADL performance as represented through scenarios. The interdisciplinary team used the persona to complete a first description of the interactions of a persona with TBI with COOK. This work is an attempt at offering a communication tool, the persona, to facilitate interdisciplinary research among diverse disciplines who wish to learn to develop a common language, models and methodologies at the beginning of the design process.

Social Utopias and Engineering Design

Abstract A paradox of our time is identified: on the one hand – the development of one global system (ecological, technological and social), on the other hand – the still increasing “balkanization” of science. The dynamics of this systems is a source of well-known numerous global problems. Its possibly effective solution needs adequate knowledge about the system. For this reason, counteraction to “balkanization” of science is of great practical importance. And this counteraction should comprise not only development of “transboundary” sciences (such as biochemistry or social psychology) but also establishing and developing links between very distant disciplines. This text is intended as a contribution to linking social and engineering sciences. The notion of design plays the central role in this text. Its meaning in the engineering sciences. The notion of utopia has been chosen as a partial counterpart to the term of engineering design. This notion was defined using a concept of possible world – taken from modal logic. It encompasses two ideas: this of design and that of prediction, It is claimed that we need many utopias and that their plurality is of fundamental importance for protecting us against the threats of utopianism. The paper suggests that social utopias can play a heuristic role in engineering design (particularly in the initial phase of defining technological problems), and – on the other hand – that the theory of engineering design can be supportive for, badly needed, development of methodology of utopias creation.

Features of information modeling of cultural heritage objects

This paper focuses on features of heritage objects information modeling and its integration with structural analysis under various types of impacts. We discuss different results of structural analysis based on finite element model (FEM) of the New Hermitage portico. Thanks to laser scanning technology it was possible to collect all the geometric features of this object and generate an adequate mathematical model based on the obtained data. The methodology of finite element model creation based on laser scanning and BIM technologies is proposed. Some interesting results of laser scanning survey and numerical modelling have been discussed. Deviations of the portico’s structural elements have been identified based on the use of laser scanning, BIM and FEA. It has been found out that the displacement of the upper parts of the columns relative to the lower ones in the direction of the facade wall is 4 cm. An intermediate HBIM of the portico (LOD 100) has been created inside Revit. Finite element model with default element size of 300 mm has been created using ANSYS. Directions for further research have been also determined.