Programming Method Research Articles

Benefits by Luck: A Study of Lotteries as a Selection Method for Government Programs

Lotteries could be a just and cost-effective procedure to distribute government benefits in contexts of oversubscription, with the added benefit of allowing assessments of the impact of government programs. However, little is known about whether there is public support for employing lotteries in this context. We examine support for a lottery that selects recipients of new government-built housing units in Brazil and find that neither lotteries participants nor the general public supports their use. We arrive at this result by employing a three-pronged multi-method approach. Quasi-experimental analysis of an original survey of lottery participants reveals that support not only is tepid, but substantially higher among winners than non-winners. In-depth interviews suggest that applicants believe lotteries miss the most deserving beneficiaries. A general population survey experiment reveals that lotteries are not perceived as just or efficient when compared to alternative beneficiary selection methods. While sometimes normatively desirable, the use of lotteries for government programs enjoys limited popular support.

Motion capture and AR based programming by demonstration for industrial robots using handheld teaching device

In the industrial robots field, efficient and convenient programming methods have been a hot research topic. In recent years, immersive simulation technology has been developing rapidly in many fields, which provides new horizons for the development of industrial robots. This paper presents a HTC VIVE laser scan motion capture and Holohens augmented reality (AR) based interactive Programming by Demonstration (PbD) system for industrial robot. A portable Handheld Teaching Device (HTD) and its calibration algorithm are designed in the system. The portable HTD which is tracked by a laser motion capture system can be viewed as an AR robot end-effector to teach paths. Meanwhile, the AR robot can be simulated in real time during programing. In addition, the robot reproducing the operator’s actions at the same position in space is the focus of programming. So, Multi-system registration methods are proposed to determine the relationship between robot systems, motion capture systems and virtual robot systems. Meanwhile, a path planning algorithm is proposed to convert the captured raw path points into robot-executable code. For unskilled operators, they can easily perform complex programming using the HTD. For skilled senior workers, their skills can be quickly learned by robots using the system.

Pengaruh Neuro Linguistic Programming dengan Teknik Swish Pattern dan Circle of Excellence terhadap Intensi Merokok Siswa MTS X di Sleman

Nowadays, smoking is not only found among adults, even teenagers aged 11-14 years already have the intention to carry out smoking behavior, which makes the number of active smokers increase every year. Therefore, preventive efforts are needed to reduce the level of smoking intentions in adolescents before it leads to smoking behavior. One effort that can be made is to use the Neuro Linguistic Programming method with the Swish Pattern and Circle of Excellence techniques. The aim of this research is to find out whether there is an influence of Neuro Linguistic Programming with the Swish Pattern and Circle of Excellence techniques on smoking intentions. This research uses the type of research used in this research is quantitative research using quasi-experimental methods. The population used for this research was 90 class VIII students at MTs X in Sleman, aged 12-14 years, male. Then the research sample used a purposive sampling technique, totaling 20 students. This study used a smoking intention scale with a reliable value of 0.495. The research results were tested using the Paired Sample T-Test with a significance level (p) of 0.027 (p ˂ 0.05), meaning that there was a significant difference in smoking intentions between before and after treatment.

Investigating the lived experiences of persons who were sentenced to the Substance Abuse Felony Punishment Facility: a qualitative study

The Texas Substance Abuse Felony Punishment Facility (SAFPF) is a part of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) aimed at reducing crime by treating substance use disorders for individuals with felony charges. This work investigates the lived experience and shared themes of persons who attended SAFPF (N = 8) using phenomenological qualitative methods. The results highlight many strengths including connection through relationships, self-motivation, and aftercare options. Reported weaknesses included treatment provision, curriculum deficits, and operational problems. Results found numerous positive and negative aspects of the person’s lived experience that could inform policy and treatment methods of future SAFPF programs.

Applying the Simulated Annealing Algorithm to the Set Orienteering Problem with Mandatory Visits

This study addresses the set orienteering problem with mandatory visits (SOPMV), a variant of the team orienteering problem (SOP). In SOPMV, certain critical sets must be visited. The study began by formulating the mathematical model for SOPMV. To tackle the challenge of obtaining a feasible route within time constraints using the original MILP approach, a two-stage mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed. Subsequently, a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm and a dynamic programming method were employed to identify the optimal route. The proposed SA algorithm was used to solve the SOP and was compared to other algorithms, demonstrating its effectiveness. The SA was then applied to solve the SOPMV problem. The results indicate that the solutions obtained using SA are superior and more efficient compared to those derived from the original MILP and the two-stage MILP. Additionally, the results reveal that the solution quality deteriorates as the ratio of the set of mandatory visits increases or the maximum allowable travel time decreases. This study represents the first attempt to integrate mandatory visits into SOP, thereby establishing a new research direction in this area. The potential impact of this research is significant, as it introduces new possibilities for addressing complex combinatorial optimization problems.

Program Shabāhul Lughah Untuk Pembelajaran Mufradāt Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jepara

<p style="text-align: justify;">Al Fikra Islamic boarding school is an educational institution under the auspices of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jepara. All students who take superior classes will live in a dormitory (Ma'had) with the aim of forming a generation that is devout in worship, science and technology, as well as improving language skills (Arabic and English) through language activities, namely the shobahul lughah program. Observing this program is very important for implementing the program in learning vocabulary. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, using observation, interviews and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of this research were obtained, 1). Implementation of the shobahul lughah program, students gather in the field to take part in the mufrodat learning that has been determined by the ustadz every week. The implementation time is 07.00-08.00 WIB.,2). The shobahul lughah program method used is the mubasyaroh method to speed up vocabulary mastery and more active learning. 3). Obstacles encountered by educators include: Student discipline and the different abilities of each student. 4). Success factors for the shobahul lughah program include: learning media, skilled abilities of educators, supporting materials and learning motivation.</p>

A-220 Method Intercomparison Study between Atellica Solution® and CI® Analyzers for HDL and LDL Methods

Abstract Background After validating a new Siemens equipment, the Atellica CI®, it is essential to ensure result interchangeability in our laboratory accredited by ISO 15189:2012. Objectives verify if the results of the HDL and LDL methods measured by Atellica Solution® and CI® analyzers are interchangeable and could be used interchangeably on both instruments Methods 40 patient samples were selected for each assay, with results distributed across the entire measurement range and analyzed by both instruments. Result evaluation was conducted using the statistical program Method Validator v.19. To determine the degree of agreement between the instruments, a Bland-Altman mean difference analysis and a Passing-Bablok regression were performed. Statistics are expressed with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results HDL: After analyzing the Bland-Altman differences, a systematic error was found as the mean difference between the results obtained by Atellica Solution® and CI® was 0.686, with higher results in CI 1900®. Regarding the Passing Bablok analysis, constant systematic differences were observed as the confidence interval of the intercept does not include the zero value, and statistically significant proportional differences based on the slope whose 95% CI does not include the value 1.LDL: After analyzing the Bland-Altman differences, a systematic error was found as the mean difference between the results obtained by Atellica and CI® was -3.16, with higher results in Atellica Solution®. Regarding the Passing Bablok analysis, there were no systematic differences of constant type as the confidence interval of the intercept includes the zero value, but there were proportional differences based on the slope whose 95% CI does not include the value 1. Conclusions After evaluating the results, it is concluded that Atellica Solution® and CI® analyzers are interchangeable for HDL and LDL assays despite the presence of a systematic error, as the observed difference is not clinically significant.

A-130 Intercomparison of Methods between Atellica Solution® and CI® Analyzers for Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)

Abstract Background Objectives: To verify that the results of ALT and AST measured by the Atellica Solution® analyzer (and the new CI® analyzer (Siemens Healthineers) are interchangeable. Methods For each assay, 40 patient samples were selected, covering the entire measurement range, and analyzed by both instruments. To determine the degree of agreement between the instruments, Bland Altman analysis of mean differences and Passing Bablok regression were performed. Statistics are expressed with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The evaluation of results was carried out using the statistical program Method Validator. Results ALT: In Bland-Altman analysis, no constant systematic error was found as the 95% confidence interval of the mean difference includes zero. Similarly, in Passing Bablok regression analysis, the confidence interval of the intercept includes zero. No systematic proportional differences were observed based on the slope, as the 95% confidence interval includes the value one. AST: In both Bland-Altman and Passing Bablok regression analyses, a constant systematic error was detected as the 95% confidence interval of the observed mean difference Bland-Altman and the 95% confidence interval of the intercept of the regression line do not include zero. A slight systematic proportional difference was also observed based on the slope, as the 95% confidence interval does not include one. Conclusions Based on the observed data, we can conclude that the Atellica Solution® and CI® analyzers are interchangeable for the ALT assay. There are constant systematic differences and a slight proportional systematic error for the AST assay, which should be re-evaluated after a new calibration of the method. It is noteworthy that this variation in the data is more pronounced for high AST values, not being clinically significant differences at these concentrations; nor as pronounced in clinical decision values. Therefore, we can conclude that the Atellica Solution® and CI® analyzers are interchangeable for AST.

A-219 Method Intercomparison Study between Atellica Solution® and CI® Analyzers for Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides

Abstract Background Method intercomparison is an essential requirement that every Laboratory must perform when considering a method or instrument change for a specific analyte. Objective verify if the results of two analytical techniques (Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides) measured by Atellica Solution® and CI® analyzers (Siemens Healthineers) are interchangeable. Methods 40 patient samples were selected for each assay, with results distributed across the entire measurement range and analyzed by both instruments. Estatistical program Method Validator was used. To determine the degree of agreement between both instruments, Bland-Altman difference analysis and Passing-Bablok regression were performed. Statistics are expressed with their 95% confidence intervals. Results Total Cholesterol: After analyzing Bland-Altman differences, a systematic error was found as the mean difference between the results obtained by Atellica Solution® and CI 1900® was 13.8 with a 95% CI that does not include the null value. Regarding Passing Bablok analysis, a constant systematic difference was observed as the confidence interval of the intercept does not include the zero value, and also a proportional difference based on the 95% CI of the slope that does not include the value 1.• Triglycerides: After analyzing the Bland-Altman differences, a systematic error was found as the mean difference between the results obtained by Atellica Solution® and CI 1900® was -15.6, with higher results in Atellica Solution®. Regarding the Passing Bablok analysis, constant systematic differences were observed as the confidence interval of the intercept does not include the zero value, and also proportional differences based on the slope, whose 95% CI does not include the value 1 Conclusions It´s concluded that Atellica Solution® and CI® analyzers are not interchangeable for Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides assays due to the presence of a constant systematic error. To use them on both instruments, it would be advisable to modify the reference values for both methods.

B-010 Intercomparison Study of Methods between Atellica Solution® and CI® Analyzers for Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride

Abstract Background Method verification is an essential analysis routinely conducted in accredited Clinical Laboratories whenever a change of method or instrument for a specific analyte is desired. Objectives The aim of the study is to verify that the results measured by the Atellica Solution® analyzer (Siemens) and the new CI® analyzer (Siemens) for Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride are interchangeable. Methods To conduct the intercomparison study of Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride, the techniques were properly calibrated and controlled on both analyzers. For each assay, 40 patient samples were selected, covering the entire measurement range, and analyzed by both instruments. To determine the degree of agreement between the instruments, a Bland Altman analysis of mean differences and a Passing Bablok regression were performed. Statistics are expressed with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The evaluation of results was carried out using the statistical program Method Validator. Results In both the Bland-Altman and Passing Bablok regression analyses, a slight constant systematic error was detected for all three assays, as the 95% confidence interval of the observed mean difference and the 95% confidence interval of the intercept of the regression line do not include zero. No systematic proportional differences were observed based on the slope, as the 95% confidence interval includes the value one Conclusions The small constant systematic differences found in the analyses should be re-evaluated after performing a new calibration of the methods. In none of the cases are the differences clinically significant, as they do not exceed the total error established in our quality specification. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Atellica Solution® and CI 1900® analyzers are interchangeable for Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride assays

Solving Max-cut Problem with a mixed penalization method for Semidefinite Programming

This paper is an attempt to exploit the opportunity of Semi Definite Programming (SDP), which is an area of convex and conic optimization. Indeed, Numerous NP-hard problems can be solveby using this approach. Hence, we intend to investigate the strength of SDP to model and provide tight relaxations of combinatorial and quadratic problems in order to present a new polynomial time algorithm for solving this robust model. This algorithm was firstly use to solve the nonlinear programs, the reason for which we search to extend it to the SDP programs. Actually, this algorithm designs the combination of two penalization methods. The first one is a primal-dual interior point (PDIM) method while the second one is a primal-dual exterior point (PDEM) method. Unlike the first method, which converges globally, the second one, also called the primal dual nonlinear rescaling method, has local super linear/quadratic convergence. Therefore, it seems appropriate to use a mixed algorithm based on the interior-exterior point method (IEPM). In fact, this resolution starts from the interior method, and at a certain level of execution, it proceeds to exterior method. Hence, a convergence evaluation function is use to know the level of permutation. Through evaluation, it has been approve that our approach is use to solve some instances of max-cut problem. This problem is a central graph theory model that occurs in many real problems and it is one of many NP-hard problems, which has attracted many researchers over the years. Then, we have used a semi definite programming solver SDPA (Semi Definite Programming Algorithm) that is modify to include the exterior point method subroutine. From the computational performance, we conclude that as the problem size increases, interior-exterior point algorithm gets relatively faster. The numerical results obtained are promising.

NPTS-PK: A new point kernel code for fast calculation of 3D gamma radiation field

The point kernel integration method is commonly utilized for the analytical calculation of gamma radiation fields in the field of radiation protection and shielding design. This study introduces NPTS-PK, a program developed for rapid calculation of 3D gamma radiation fields based on the NPTS program and the point kernel integration method. Based on the geometric construction and input method of the NPTS program, NPTS-PK supports point kernel calculations for radiation sources and shielding structures of various complex shapes and materials. By calculating material attenuation coefficients using continuous energy cross-section parameters, combined with a more precise buildup factor calculation method, the accuracy of calculation results has been enhanced. Improvements in ray tracing processes and the implementation of the probability neighbor list method have accelerated geometric processing. To address the challenge of excessive computation time associated with large-scale grid counting in point kernel programs, NPTS-PK integrates several efficient acceleration techniques, elevating the speed of radiation field calculation by an order of magnitude. Tests on typical model and engineering scenario demonstrate that the deviation between NPTS-PK results and the reference values is within a few tens of percent, and the computational efficiency and accuracy are improved compared to the standard point kernel programs.

Home energy management system for residential fuel cell-based combined heat and power system

The goal of this paper is to propose an optimization scheme for enhancing power dispatch and load scheduling for residential fuel cell-based combined heat and power systems (FC-CHPS) using mixed integer linear programming (MILP), considering the lifetime degradation of both the fuel cell system (FCS) and battery energy storage systems (BESS). The scheme is applied in the home energy management system that oversees the electric and thermal power of residential FC-CHPS. First, the nonlinearity in the relationship between the natural gas consumption and output electric power, and between the residual thermal power and output electric power of the fuel cell system (FCS) in the FC-CHPS is approximated using piecewise linearization. Then, the piecewise linearization is integrated with MILP to derive optimal power dispatch and load scheduling solutions, while accounting for the nonlinearity of the FCS. Next, cost functions representing the lifetime degradation of FCS and BESS are formulated. These cost functions result in nonlinear optimization constraints. Therefore, innovative methods are proposed to linearize these constraints, allowing the continued use of MILP as the optimization method and factoring in the lifetime degradation of FCS and BESS. Compared to the mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) method that does not linearize the non-linearity in the FCS or the lifetime degradation of the FCS and BESS, the proposed MILP scheme achieves the identical objective function value. Furthermore, the computation time for the proposed MILP scheme is 99.94 % lower than that required by the MINLP method. The proposed scheme provides accurate results in short computation times.

SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATION PORTAL CREATION FOR STUDENTS

The aim of the research described in this article is to develop and implement an educational portal that enables students to acquire additional knowledge and skills by studying the process of creating electronic resources in the educational field. The portal addresses the current demands of digital learning and provides access to supplementary educational opportunities. The article discusses software development methods, the selection of an optimal environment for application creation, and the key stages of the development process. The focus of the research is on creating a supplementary education portal, emphasizing the use of object-oriented programming (OOP) methods, web technologies, web programming, and electronic educational resource creation techniques. As a result of the research, technologies such as PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript were chosen, leading to the successful implementation of the application. An analysis of existing educational portals, such as BilimLand and Daryn Online, was conducted. The outcome of the work was the creation of a functional educational portal that allows students to effectively gain additional knowledge, meeting modern requirements. The portal offers interactive tools available to users and adapts to individual educational needs.

Implementing Online Ordering Systems for Small Culinary Businesses: A Case Study of Nasi Cia

In the era of culinary industry growth and digital transformation, the challenges for startups like Nasi Cia in managing rice orders are increasingly complex. In the environment of SMA Xaverius 1, the surge in visitors often results in problems in managing orders efficiently. The manual system used today proved insufficient to handle the increasing order load. The problem of long queues also affects the customer experience and can lead to losing potential customers. Lack of sales data management is also a problem that must be solved. To overcome these problems, an online ordering system was built and designed using the extreme programming method. With this application, Nasi Cia switches to a more effective ordering system with the aim of improving flexibility, responsiveness, and service quality, as well as reducing dependence on expensive food delivery applications such as Gojek and Grab. The results and conclusions of this research show that this application has been successfully built with the extreme programming development method. This online ordering application can be well received as evidenced by 91.4% of users strongly agree

Accurate preference-based method to obtain the deterministically optimal and satisfactory fairness-efficiency trade-off

The resource allocation problem is a classic multi-objective challenge, particularly when balancing the fairness-efficiency trade-off. To achieve a deterministically optimal and satisfactory solution, researchers frequently employ preference-based methods, including selecting among Pareto solutions based on the decision-maker's a posteriori preference and using deterministic models incorporating a priori preferences. In this study, we address two main challenges—specifically, (1) the limitations in measuring the abstract concepts of fairness and efficiency and (2) finding a deterministically optimal and satisfactory balance between fairness and efficiency. We apply a Gini impurity index derived from the classification and regression tree to calculate fairness, ensuring the Gini index function's differentiability. Additionally, we unify the scales of fairness and efficiency to facilitate calculation. Using accurate preference information, we employ the extended interval goal programming method to solve the model and achieve a deterministically optimal and satisfactory solution. The comparative analysis results demonstrate that our model (1) efficiently addresses the real-world water resource allocation problem concerning the fairness-efficiency trade-off; and (2) generates fewer penalties, with an average improvement ratio of 8% in the case study, using more refined penalty functions that align closer to the decision-maker's real and nonlinear preferences.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Berbasis Website Pada Salvio Medical Information

In an era of rapid advances in Information Technology, health is an important aspect of human life. Clinics and hospitals compete to meet patient expectations, but often patients struggle to find suitable services, wasting valuable time. A common problem faced by many visitors to Bali is the confusion of finding a hospital or clinic that suits their needs. Salvio Medical Information, as a healthcare institution in Bali, faces similar challenges with a lack of a comprehensive information system. This can result in errors in data management, difficulties in accessing information, as well as delays in service to guests who need health care. Therefore, this research aims to design a website-based healthcare information system for Salvio Medical Information. The development approach uses the Extreme Programming model to enable rapid software development. Thus, this research is expected to make a significant contribution to efforts to develop health services that are more efficient and able to better meet the needs of patients. The expected result is a web-based health service information system that is built using the PHP programming language with the help of the Laravel framework and the extreme programming method. Where in the system built custemer can place orders through the website and the admin can manage service content and partner content on the website.

An integrated blockchain-enabled multi-channel vaccine supply chain network under hybrid uncertainties

The recent pandemic caused by COVID-19 is considered an unparalleled disaster in history. Developing a vaccine distribution network can provide valuable support to supply chain managers. Prioritizing the assigned available vaccines is crucial due to the limited supply at the final stage of the vaccine supply chain. In addition, parameter uncertainty is a common occurrence in a real supply chain, and it is essential to address this uncertainty in planning models. On the other hand, blockchain technology, being at the forefront of technological advancements, has the potential to enhance transparency within supply chains. Hence, in this study, we develop a new mathematical model for designing a COVID-19 vaccine supply chain network. In this regard, a multi-channel network model is designed to minimize total cost and maximize transparency with blockchain technology consideration. This addresses the uncertainty in supply, and a scenario-based multi-stage stochastic programming method is presented to handle the inherent uncertainty in multi-period planning horizons. In addition, fuzzy programming is used to face the uncertain price and quality of vaccines. Vaccine assignment is based on two main policies including age and population-based priority. The proposed model and method are validated and tested using a real-world case study of Iran. The optimum design of the COVID-19 vaccine supply chain is determined, and some comprehensive sensitivity analyses are conducted on the proposed model. Generally, results demonstrate that the multi-stage stochastic programming model meaningfully reduces the objective function value compared to the competitor model. Also, the results show that one of the efficient factors in increasing satisfied demand and decreasing shortage is the price of each type of vaccine and its agreement.

WEB Application for Control Oxygen Regimes of the Body

Introduction. The muscular fitness of servicemen plays a significant role in the successful performance of military and professional tasks. Currently, 60 days are allotted for the training of a serviceman, so the task of optimizing this training is urgent. Typically, strength endurance can be effectively improved by combining strength, aerobic, and specific weight training. Therefore, the task of objective control of the training process is urgent. A number of sources emphasize the connection between the injuries of military personnel in the conditions of professional activity and aerobic productivity. That is why a model of regulation of the body's oxygen regimes was chosen for the purpose of training control. The need to process large amounts of information justifies the need to develop convenient applications for this. The purpose of the paper is to develop a web application for monitoring the training process of military personnel based on the model of managing the body's oxygen regimes. Methods. Mathematical modeling methods, programming methods. Results. The developed web application for modeling the oxygen regimes of the body allows for objective control of speed and strength training of military personnel. The web application is developed on the OpenXava platform, which provides the user with a more convenient service, is suitable not only for the Windows operating system, but also for Linux, Mac, UNIX, Android and does not require the installation of additional software. Keywords: mathematical model of regulation of oxygen regimes of the body, professional military activity, speed-power training of the military.

A systems approach to improving the organization's management quality and the manager's personal effectiveness

Subject. This article discusses a systems approach to improving the quality of management of an organization and the personal effectiveness of a manager. Objectives. The article aims to study the techniques and methods for improving the quality of management, which can be used for self-management, improving personal efficiency, ensuring the achievement of goals in professional activities and personal life. Methods. For the study, I used a content analysis, and abstraction methods. Results. Based on the analysis of publications devoted to various methods and approaches to improving the quality of management and personal effectiveness, including methods of neurolinguistic programming, the development of systems thinking and the use of a systems approach in making management decisions, the article presents the author-developed method Systems Solutions as a way to raise the effectiveness of self-management (personal effectiveness) using approaches that are successfully implemented in management. Conclusions and Relevance. Successful application of the systems approach in management is also applicable in self-management, and it can ensure the effective use of personal potential to achieve goals in various spheres of life and activity. The popularity of the systems approach is a reflection of the changes taking place in present-day society, the need to form a holistic world view in which a person feels an inextricable connection with the entire world around him.