Payment Methods Research Articles

The Role of Satisfaction and Trust in Mediating the Relationship Between Payment Method and Vendor Loyalty (Study on Construction Company PT. Wijaya Karya)

Loyalty is crucial for sustainable business relationships and long-term company success. In competitive business environments, companies must enhance loyalty by focusing on key factors. This research aims to examine how satisfaction and trust mediate the impact of payment on vendor loyalty at PT. Wijaya Karya. Using a quantitative method and questionnaire, the study targets 120 vendors who have contracts with PT. Wijaya Karya Infrastructure Division I. This research uses 5 Likert scales to measure variables when testing the validity and reliability of variables. This research was analyzed using PLS-based SEM. The research results show that (1) Payment has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, (2) Payment has a positive and significant effect on trust, (3) Payment has a positive and significant effect on loyalty (4) Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on loyalty (5) Trust positive and significant effect on loyalty (6) Payment has a significant effect on loyalty through satisfaction (7) Payment significantly influences loyalty through trust. Theoretically, this research develops a model linking payment, satisfaction, trust, and vendor loyalty, enhancing our understanding of vendor loyalty in business relationships. Practically, PT. Wijaya Karya should focus on improving payment, satisfaction, and trust to boost vendor loyalty. The study contributes to business relationship management literature and offers practical recommendations for PT. Wijaya Karya. Future research should consider additional factors like experience, relationship quality, and communication quality to further explore vendor loyalty.

Exploring the Benefits and Barriers of QRIS Adoption Among Micro Businesses in North Bogor

This study explores the role of the Indonesian Standard QR Code (QRIS) in enhancing the business outcomes of micro enterprises in North Bogor Subdistrict. While QRIS has been recognized as a crucial technological advancement for promoting financial inclusion, there remains a reluctance among some micro business owners to adopt it. This research utilizes a descriptive qualitative method, including interviews with micro entrepreneurs who do and do not use QRIS, government officials involved in MSME development, and financial institution representatives. The findings reveal that the adoption of QRIS is often driven by its integration with delivery services rather than its potential to boost business performance. Despite some entrepreneurs experiencing benefits from QRIS, a significant gap in understanding its full potential as a payment method persists. For those not using QRIS, reasons include the efficiency of cash transactions, additional costs, and expectations more on government support in promoting their products to achieve business growth.

A study on the introduction of mixed payment compensation system through top-down cost information analysis in Korea

This study aims to identify the problems of the Korean health insurance fee system and to suggest a reasonable insurance fee construction alternative using the cost analysis data of hospitals. To this end, the characteristics of the medical fee payment system and hospital cost analysis were examined, and the cost data of one national public general hospital were used for the analysis. The cost allocation criteria were divided into labor costs, material costs, pharmaceutical costs, equipment costs, and overhead costs, and a top-down cost analysis was conducted. The analysis results showed that the cost was greater than the income in the case of outpatient and inpatient treatment performance, and the analysis results on the amount of physician workload showed that the relative value of physician workload calculated based on the cost was analyzed to require an increase of 1.52 times for hospitalization fees and 1.72 times for examination fees. The main factor affecting the cost compensation rate was that when the proportion of examination fees was high, the cost compensation level increased, while on the other hand, the cost compensation rate decreased as the proportion of physician labor costs increased or the length of stay increased. In order to resolve the ongoing complaints of medical service providers under the current fee-for-service system and secure the appropriateness of health insurance compensation rates, compensation for physician fees should be induced to realize the level of cost compensation through cost-based, per-service fee calculations, and the rationality of the payment compensation system can be secured by securing autonomy of providers through bundled fees for hospital costs and changing the payment method.

Use of e-Wallets and Their Impact on SME Business Transactions

Currently, worldwide there is an accelerated digital transformation, which will continue in time with the same trend, becoming an everyday part of human life. The appearance of covid-19 has had a strong impact on several aspects of life, especially in the way of acquiring products and/or services, which, due to the fear of receiving money from a person infected with the virus, led people to look for other options to carry out their economic transactions without physical contact, such as the use of electronic wallets. However, many entrepreneurs still do not use this type of technology in their businesses. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the use of electronic wallets in the commercial transactions of SMEs. To this end, we worked with entrepreneurs in the town of Otuzco in the La Libertad Region of Peru. It was observed that they only carried out transactions using the cash collection and payment method and did not use technological tools such as electronic wallets. This is applied research with a quasi-experimental design, cross-sectional and quantitative approach, with a sample of 88 SMEs divided into a control group (23 SMEs) and an experimental group (65 SMEs). The survey was used as a data collection technique, and a program was developed to promote the use of electronic wallets in the entrepreneurs of the city of Otuzco, obtaining as a result a positive impact on the commercial transactions of these SMEs. The results show that 96% of the merchants were reluctant to use electronic wallets for fear of being affected by computer crimes. After the training, 98% of the merchants monitored recognized the importance of their use in their regular commercial transactions. In conclusion, it was found that training on the use of electronic wallets and continuous monitoring have a positive impact on the level of commercial transactions, boosting the competitiveness of businesses by increasing sales, streamlining operations, and reducing financial costs. The research is of interest because it shows the importance of disseminating programs in the use of technological tools such as digital wallets in small businesses to achieve a positive impact on the improvement of their economic activities.

THE IMPACT OF RECENT LEASING ACTIVITY ON THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Leasing is an activity that refers to movable and immovable goods, in which the lessee determines the subject of leasing that is purchased or produced by the lessor and is given to the lessee for use for an agreed period, in exchange for payment of compensation for the use of the subject of leasing, based on the leasing agreement concluded between the provider and the lessee, according to the conditions specified in it. Leasing is an alternative way of financing where it is necessary to emphasize the use of the leased goods, and not the ownership over them (use but not possess), i.e. the philosophy of leasing arises from the idea of profitable use of an investment goods followed by a flexible method of payment that allows investment without the additional engagement of core capital, successful operation and maximum utilization of funds. In addition to the primary financing function that the leasing activity has for the lessee, if he uses the leased goods for business purposes, leasing in that case can also have an investment function. Regulated by the Law on Leasing, leasing activity in the Republic of North Macedonia has a fairly short lifespan, focusing exclusively on financial leasing. Through analysis, synthesis, and statistics, the authors processed the official data of the Ministry of Finance presented by the National Bank in the period mainly of the last decade, which offers a clear picture of the movements of the use of leasing in the country.

Analysis of payment methods in merger and acquisition deals within the United Kingdom

Purpose This study aims to examine the effects of payment methods used in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) conducted by UK companies spanning the period from 2007 to 2019. Design/methodology/approach The study used the estimated expected returns method to identify abnormal returns during the deal announcement period, applying event study analysis with both univariate and multivariate regression models to detect cumulative abnormal returns around the announcement timeframe. Findings The results show a short-term positive return increase for acquiring firms, controlling for deal-specific characteristics like target firm location and payment methods. The authors observed a preference for cash financing across domestic and cross-border transactions. Multivariate analysis revealed insignificance between payment methods and deal characteristics like cross-border acquisitions and diversification. Research limitations/implications The study’s focus on publicly traded firms in the UK and the absence of a comparative analysis across different regions and markets limits the sample size and may impact the generalizability of findings. Practical implications The study proposes three practical implications. Firstly, firms should tailor payment methods to each transaction, aligning with strategic goals to optimize value and mitigate risks. Secondly, decision-makers must prioritize comprehensive due diligence and strategic alignment throughout M&A processes to enhance success and maximize synergies. Finally, analysing broader strategic contexts and regulatory landscapes when structuring transactions enables goal attainment, such as market expansion or value creation. Social implications The study’s findings can promote transparency and accountability among corporate decision-makers in M&A transactions. Stakeholders can advocate for transparent decision-making processes, enhancing trust in corporate governance. Originality/value This study provides valuable insights into the impact of payment methods on shareholder value in M&A transactions involving UK companies, informing strategic decision-making and contributing to the understanding of corporate finance dynamics.

How Do Elite-Educated CEOs Choose the M&A Payment Method? Evidence from Taiwan

This paper examines the influence of CEOs with elite educations on the selection of payment methods in mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Analyzing a unique hand-collected dataset of M&A announcements involving Taiwanese acquirers during 2007–2020, we find that acquirers led by elite-educated CEOs are more likely to opt for cash financing in M&A transactions, a preference that persists even after conducting robustness tests and addressing endogeneity bias. Elite-educated CEOs with a Ph.D. or Master's degree in management- or finance-related disciplines are further found to exhibit a marked preference for cash payments, particularly when their firms face greater financial constraints. These observations can be attributed to potentially lower costs of external funding and might also reflect a perception among these CEOs that their firms are undervalued, as posited by both the financing proficiency hypothesis and the overconfidence trait hypothesis. By dissecting distinct implications of these two hypotheses for M&A valuation, we finally examine and show that acquirers led by elite-educated CEOs, particularly those choosing cash for M&A financing, experience superior post-M&A stock returns and operational performance. Our conclusion thus suggests that the financial acumen derived from elite education, rather than overconfidence, predominantly influences M&A payment methods and favorably impacts subsequent valuation outcomes. Overall, this study represents a pioneering effort to shed light on the often-overlooked role of top executives' elite educational backgrounds in strategic decision-making within the context of M&A.

Study on the cost-control effect of diagnosis-related groups based on meta-analysis.

To evaluate the effect of diagnosis-related group (DRG) payment method systematically before and after implementation in terms of average hospitalization day, cost and care quality. Restricted the period from 2019 to May 31, 2023, we use 6 databases from CNKI, Wipu, Wanfang, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and web of science. With the related study, we extract the data about DRG, then we conducted meta-analysis of the data about length of stay (LOS) and cost by RevMan 5.4 and Stata 12.0 software. Care quality is in conjunction with literature reports. About 24 articles were included, covering 2 indicators: average hospitalization expenses and days. Meta-analysis shows that implementing DRG payment method has an advantage in terms of average hospital stay (pooled effect: -1.13%, 95% CI: -1.42 to -0.84, P = .00), and the difference is statistically significant. There is also an advantage in average hospitalization expenses (pooled effect: -2.58, 95% CI: -3.38 to -1.79, P = .00), and the difference is statistically significant. The use of DRG payment method can effectively reduce LOS and average hospitalization expenses. However, quality of care may decline with DRG adoption.

The impact of payment method on overseas tourism consumption: micro-evidence from China

ABSTRACT This study conducts an empirical analysis to examine the impact of payment methods on spending patterns and product preferences using micro-survey data on Chinese citizens’ overseas tourism expenditures. A sample selection model was constructed to address the potential bias arising from the non-randomly selected samples used for estimation. Our findings suggest that payment methods significantly affect the amount on Chinese citizens on overseas tourism. And these impacts vary across different age and gender groups. Payment methods also significantly influence the product preferences of Chinese citizens’ overseas tourism consumption. Moreover, it is also found that shopping venues significantly affect Chinese citizens’ spending on overseas tourism.

Examining consumers attitude towards E-wallet utilization as a payment method using technology acceptance model: A perspective from young generations in Nueva Ecija, Philippines

This study aims to provide valuable insights into how consumers interact with e-wallets in order to understand their behaviors and preferences. This perspective and behavior can help businesses and institutions better understand consumer behavior and develop strategies to increase e-wallet adoption. This research study is descriptive in nature. The researchers utilized frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and pearson R as statistical treatment. According to the findings, majority of respondents stated that Information Privacy is the most common and most encountered problem related to their use of e-wallets, while few reported the fewest, which were Unauthorized Application Updates. The statement implies that the majority of respondents were concerned about their information's security and safety. According to respondents, fear stems from concerns about others gaining unauthorized access, data breaches, or the misuse of sensitive information. Conduct interviews and surveys in your community to find out why people aren't using e-wallets. The researchers recommended implementing training programs on e-wallet usage to educate the community through focused campaigns, enhancing the usability and accessibility of the application for ongoing enhancement.

Generational differences in payment habits and solutions in the digital space

With the rise of digitalisation, payment habits and solutions have undergone a significant transformation, which is also driven by generational differences. Our study aims to explore how the payment preferences and habits of each generation differ in the digital space. Older generations tend to prefer more conservative payment methods, such as credit cards or cash, while younger generations are more open to modern, innovative solutions such as mobile payments and cryptocurrencies. Our paper highlights the extent to which technological developments and digital literacy are influencing the payment habits of different generations, and how the role of security and convenience is shaping the payment choices of different age groups. The study focuses on the financial literacy of each generation, including how to navigate 21st century finance. It is no exaggeration to say that not everyone has the same knowledge or understanding of modern finance. However, effective financial decision-making requires not only an understanding of traditional finance, but also the ability to keep abreast of the financial changes of the modern age. This study will hopefully shed light on the importance of the subject and the importance of developing financial literacy. We can strongly assume that financial literacy can be characterised at very different levels when looking at different generations, so it seems worthwhile to look more closely at the level of financial literacy among different generations. However, the present study focuses on financial habits and solutions.

Designing the UI/UX for a Shoe Repair Application Using the Design Thinking Method

The process of designing a mobile application requires a user-centered approach that addresses real-world problems through innovation and creativity. This study focuses on applying the Design Thinking method to develop the UI/UX for a shoe repair service application, aimed at enhancing the user experience for both customers and service providers. The Design Thinking process consists of five stages: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. Through these stages, the study identifies key pain points, such as customers’ difficulties in locating service providers and estimating repair times, and service providers’ challenges in managing customer flow and payment methods. Solutions generated include real-time updates on vendor locations, transparent wait times, and multiple payment options. Prototypes were developed and tested to assess usability, with the research highlighting the need for continuous iteration to improve user experience. The usability testing revealed mostly positive results, with an average usability score of 88.8 across scenarios. However, certain areas, particularly screens in scenario 5, showed higher error rates and required further refinement. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the Design Thinking method in solving complex design challenges, offering innovative solutions tailored to user needs. The Shoe Repair application’s design not only enhances functionality but also addresses specific challenges faced by users, emphasizing the importance of an iterative, user-focused approach in UI/UX design

A Consumer Decision Analysis Using QRIS as a Digital Payment Tool

Digital technology has experienced rapid development in the last few decades. Increasingly developing technology has also entered the realm of finance and payment systems. A digital-based payment system can make it easier for people to meet their diverse needs and live their lives more effectively and efficiently. In the digital payment system, there are non-cash (cash) and cash (cash) payments. Non-cash digital payment methods (cashless) are one type of payment that is popular with the public because they can minimize the spread of viruses through money intermediaries, one of which is the use of the Indonesian Standard Quick Response Code (QRIS). This research aims to analyze consumer decisions to use QRIS as a digital payment tool. The sample in this research was 100 respondents. This research uses quantitative methods with descriptive research type. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling using purposive sampling technique. The method used in data collection was a questionnaire with a Likert scale and data processing used SPSS 29 software to carry out validity testing of an instrument. Validity tests were carried out on the indicators in the online questionnaire which had been filled in by respondents. Keywords: Consumer Preferences, QRIS, Consumer Behavior

PENGARUH METODE PEMBAYARAN PAYLATER, COD DAN GRATIS ONGKIR TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN DI MARKETPLACE SHOPEE

This research aims to determine the influence of the PayLater Payment Method, Cash on Delivery and Free Shipping Promo on Purchasing Decisions at the Shopee Marketplace among STIE AMM Mataram Students. This type of associative research with a population of 201 and a sample of 67, the research population is Active Even Semester Students STIE AMM Mataram. Sampling was purposive sampling of 67 respondents, distributing statements in the form of questionnaires to students, using the data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression using the SPSS20 method. The research results show that: the Pay Later payment method has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions with a tcount > t table value, namely 2,571 > 1.99. COD has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions with a tcount > table value, namely 3.761 > 1.99 and The free shipping promotion has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions with a tcount > table value of 2.770 > 1.99. F calculated has a value greater than F table, namely obtained from F calculated 132.112 with a value of sig = 0.000 which means that all variables have an effect simultaneously.

Breaking Barriers: Investigating Technology Adoption in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Among Low-Income Women Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

In Malaysia, the B40 segment, particularly low-income women entrepreneurs, faces distinct challenges in adopting technology within their businesses. This qualitative study explores the low uptake of technology adoption among these entrepreneurs to understand the underlying dynamics. By addressing the "what" and "why" of low technology adoption, the research aims to provide insights for fostering inclusivity and empowerment within Malaysia's entrepreneurial landscape. The study involved an in-depth focus group discussion with 25 women entrepreneurs from four states across Malaysia, utilizing thematic analysis with Atlas TI. Key findings reveal issues related to technology adoption based on TAM theory. The findings indicate that most entrepreneurs are integrating technology into their business operations, either through social media marketing, e-commerce platforms, cashless payment methods, online delivery services, and machines, regardless of whether they are located in rural or metropolitan areas. The majority of the respondent are utilizing technology through their social media marketing. These situations have arisen as a result of the impact of COVID-19, which has compelled all entrepreneurs to adopt technology, even at a minimal level. The majority use social media platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp for marketing and adopt online banking and cashless payment methods such as DuitNow QR Code, Touch 'n Go, Boost, Shopee Pay, and Sarawak Pay. Despite using online food delivery services like Food Panda and Grab Food, trust issues such as payment delays, non-payment by drivers, and high commission fees make these platforms less appealing. Additionally, entrepreneurs prefer traditional methods over machinery to maintain quality and struggle to meet e-commerce demand due to their small-scale production, limiting their ability to fully use technology for business growth and sustainability. The findings support the theoretical insights of the TAM model and suggest actionable strategies for fostering technology adoption and empowerment among low-income women entrepreneurs in Malaysia.

Transactions Using the Cod (Cash on Delivery) Payment Method: Consumer Protection Legal Perspective

The widespread use of e-commerce services by the public shows that buying and selling activities that were previously carried out conventionally have become activities that can be accessed only via smartphones, laptops/computers with an internet network. However, it is not uncommon for consumers to object because goods purchased using the cash on delivery or COD payment method do not match the order when they arrive at the delivery destination. This illustrates that one side of the consumer is the party that is seriously disadvantaged. Meanwhile, business actors still make a profit from selling the goods they make. Based on the problems above, the problem formulation is how to legally protect consumers for losses that can be suffered in transactions via COD and what measures can be taken by consumers for losses suffered in transactions via COD. This research method uses normative legal research. The approach used is the statutory and regulatory analysis approach which is used to answer the problems that have been previously formulated. The analysis technique is carried out qualitatively by describing the issues and then organizing them systematically and connecting them with the legal materials that have been found. Cash on Delivery (COD) means pay on delivery is a payment method that is in great demand in e-commerce. As the name suggests, this payment method allows buyers to make payments in cash when the order arrives at the destination address. Trading by e-commerce actually has a legal basis for ordinary trade. Or in other words, e-commerce is conventional trade that is special because the role of media and electronic devices is very dominant. Transactions using the COD payment method were initially present to facilitate online buying and selling transactions. However, this mechanism also has the potential to cause significant losses for consumers. Enforcement of consumer rights is a necessity in order to ensure legal certainty to provide protection to consumers, including in transactions that use the COD payment method as regulated in Article 4 of the Consumer Protection Law. There are various reasons for goods being returned by consumers who have used COD payments such as products. damaged, non-functioning products, insufficient products, incomplete orders, inappropriate products, and counterfeit products. For disputes that arise due to the COD system, there is a method that has been determined by each marketplace to submit an objection or request a return of goods to the business actor by attaching proof that the goods received do not meet consumer expectations. Meanwhile, consumers who feel their rights have been violated can complain and process their case legally at the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) or through court.

PURCHASING BEHAVIOR AND SATISFACTION OF FAST-FOOD RESTAURANT CUSTOMERS IN CALBAYOG CITY

This paper examined the relationship between satisfaction and purchasing behavior of fast-food res­taurant customers in Calbayog City. In addition, this study also aimed to identify the respondents' profiles and the different factors influencing their satisfaction and purchasing behavior. The researchers used a descriptive-correlational research design to conduct this study. The researchers used a structured questionnaire adopted from a previous study. The questionnaires were provided to 384 participants in Calbayog City. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS 29. The analyzed data by the researchers showed that family members, dine-in or online order options, and restaurant menus influence the purchasing behavior of fast-food restaurant cus­tomers. On the other hand, the satisfaction of fast-food restaurant customers in Calbayog City was influenced by menu options, payment methods, online application or website navigation, food placement technology, customers’ testimonials, friends and family recommendations, and services. The study revealed no significant relationship between satisfaction and purchasing behavior of restaurant customers in Calbayog City.

Maternal Exposure to Heavy Metals From Industrial Sources During Pregnancy and Childhood Cancer Risk in California.

The study investigated maternal exposure to heavy metals from industrial sources during pregnancy as potential risk factors for childhood cancer. Cases ages 0-19 were identified from California Cancer Registry. Controls (20:1 ratio) were randomly selected from California Birth Registry, frequency-matched by birth year (1998-2016). We estimated maternal exposure to lead, nickel, and cobalt in ambient air from the Toxics Release Inventory. We examined "ever/never" and "high/low" exposures categorized by median exposure. Models were adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, method of payment for prenatal care, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and urban/rural residence. Among highly exposed persons, lead was associated with an increased teratoma risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97, 2.37), whereas nickel was associated with an increased rhabdomyosarcoma risk (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.04). Cobalt was associated with an increased glioma risk (aOR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.39, 3.65) among ever-exposed persons. Inverse associations were found between Wilms tumor and nickel among the ever exposed and highly exposed (ever: aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.96; high: aOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.93). Findings suggest that air pollution from heavy metals released by industrial sources may elevate childhood cancer risk.

An intelligent approach to detect and predict online fraud transaction using XGBoost algorithm

The most popular payment method in recent years is the credit card. Due to the E-commerce industry’s explosive growth, the usage of credit cards for online purchases have been greatly increased as a result frauds has increased. Banks have been facing challenges to detect the credit card system fraud in recent years. Credit card fraud happens when the card was stolen for any unauthorized purposes or if the fraudster utilizes the credit card information for his own use. In order to prevent credit card fraud, it is essential to build detection measures. While detecting credit card theft with machine learning (ML), the features of credit card frauds play an important and they must be carefully selected. A fraud detection algorithm must be created in order to correctly locate and stop fraudulent activity as technology advances along with the amount of fraud cases. ML methods are essential for identifying fraudulent transactions. The implementation of fraud detection models is particularly difficult because of the sensitive nature of the data, the unbalanced class distributions, and the lack of data. In this work, an intelligent approach to detect and predict online fraud transaction using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm is described. The XGBoost model predicts whether a transaction is fraud or not. This model will achieve better performance interarm of recall, precision, accuracy and F1-score for credit card fraud detection.

A Smart Diagnostic, e-Prescription and Cryptocurrency Billing System

This study focuses on the development of a smart e-prescription and billing system that integrates blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and analytics to enhance healthcare services. The system's core features include an AI-driven symptom checker, appointment scheduling, and cryptocurrency-based billing. A systematic review of secondary data from academic studies and industry-related articles was conducted to assess current practices in drug prescription, dispensation, and existing software solutions. The symptom-checker model was trained using a dataset of 4,963 entries, with an 80/20 split between training and testing sets. A Decision Tree Classifier was employed, showing promising performance. The findings suggest that the e-prescription (eRx) application can reduce healthcare costs, minimize prescription errors, and improve the overall quality and efficiency of care. The system was built using frontend web technologies, with Python supporting backend functionalities. Cryptocurrency was implemented as the primary payment method, while machine learning was used to support appointment scheduling. The study recommends reliable internet access and adequate hardware for optimal system performance.