Methods Of Jurisprudence Research Articles

The Method of Civil Law: Regulation, Evaluation or Modeling?

Introduction: the paper discusses the problems of reevaluating the methods of civil regulation. The author argues with the researchers who speak in favor of rejecting the use of the term “regulation” in a private law context and replacing it with modeling or evaluating public relations regarding property and non-materialized goods. The author of the paper believes that the issue of replacing the term “regulation” with “modeling” or “evaluation” is a dispute over terms. Law, as a social phenomenon, regulates public relations; however, the degree of influence of law on public relations depends on the national concept of legal regulation and the recognition of legal statuses for subjects of legal relations. Purpose: to prove the possibility of applying socio-legal methodology with attention to the social factors of the operation of legal norms, with preference over the prevailing normative and dogmatic understanding of law. Methods: the main research method used in the paper is the sociological method in jurisprudence, which allows a comprehensive assessment of the activities of the subject of legal relations, endowed with a situationally necessary civil status, and implementing this status in a specific legal context, established taking into account the interests of the subject and the existing legal order. Results: the author investigates the problem of exhausting the scientific and regulatory resources of the dogmatic understanding of law with its inherent metaphysical constructions of “method” and “subject” in favor of “revitalizing” the legal matter and overcoming the isolation of law on itself, to the detriment of the interests of society and the individual. Conclusions: as a result of the research, the author has developed a point of view on the need for a critical revision of the views prevailing in modern Russian civil law on how law operates in society, which generates legal “fetishism” that contradicts the principles of civil law. Russian civil law has sufficient potential to grant freedom to its subjects; in order to implement it, it is necessary to ensure the harmonious functioning of substantive and procedural law, convincing the judicial community of the value of the subjects of civil relations but not the forms of their participation in them.

What does law have in common with a folk tale? Perspectives of application of Propp’s method in jurisprudence

Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu przybliżenie czytelnikowi dokonań rosyjskiego literaturoznawcy Włodzimierza Proppa oraz analizę możliwości ich zastosowania w prawoznawstwie. Propp zajmował się badaniem utworów z gatunku bajki magicznej, dochodząc do wniosku, że fabuła tych utworów składa się z 31 powtarzalnych funkcji, które wykonywane są przez 7 typów bohaterów. Propp ukazywał, że pomimo zmian nazw czynności, postaci, atrybutów na powierzchownym poziomie tekstu w różnych bajkach głęboki poziom tekstu pozwala dostrzec tożsamości między poszczególnymi utworami. Główne dzieło Proppa Morfologia bajki wraz z myślą antropologa Clauda Lévi-Straussa oraz odkryciami Noama Chomsky’ego stały się inspiracją dla rozwoju francuskiej szkoły strukturalizmu oraz badań narratologicznych. Rozważania zawarte w artykule wpisują się w nurt badań określany mianem law and literature, zwłaszcza w jego narratologiczną gałąź. Opracowanie w syntetyczny sposób prezentuje dotychczasowy stan badań z zakresu narratologii prawnej oraz przedstawia możliwe zastosowania myśli Proppa w tej dziedzinie i ich ograniczenia. Praca nie ma charakteru dogmatycznoprawnego, stąd zbędne jest odwoływanie się do metod formalno-dogmatycznej czy historycznoprawnej, zasadniczą rolę odgrywa w niej analiza dyskursu. W artykule ukazano, że z uwagi na różnice zachodzące między prawem a literaturą dokonania Proppa mogą przede wszystkim być inspiracją dla prawoznawstwa, niemniej istnieją także płaszczyzny, na których metoda Proppa może być zastosowana wprost.

Structure and Boundaries of the Stages of the Civil Process

To successfully defend your rights in court, you should clearly understand the content and legal nature of the actions necessary for this. At the same time, the theory of civil procedure has not yet formed a unified approach to solving the question of what a civil process is, what elements it consists of. Since the civil process is one of the types of legal activity, its primary element is the procedural action. Setting the goal of determining the structure of the civil process, it is necessary to determine not only the list of its constituent parts and their names, but also their spatial and temporal boundaries. It should be noted that individual procedural actions cannot exist separately from each other, and therefore, the procedural form not only determines the order of their commission, but also combines them into a certain system. At the same time, the analysis of works devoted to the application of the system method in jurisprudence allowed us to conclude that the civil process is a set of various elements that are in relationships and connections with each other, forming a certain integrity, unity. Thus, the primary element of the civil process is the procedural actions, which make up the stages and stages. At the same time, it is not necessary to consider the process itself as a chain of interconnected links going in order one after another. The civil process is rather a set of relatively isolated elements that can form various structural connections depending on the circumstances of a particular case. They can exist not only within certain stages or stages, but also beyond them.

International human rights protection and promotion in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation: modern trend

Introduction. The article is concerned with international protection and promotion of human rights by the OIC. Recent developments in the international activity of the organization serve as the thematic justification of the study in the first place, as they reveal certain modifications in its approach to human rights. The study covers several theoretical and practical problems of international public law and national legal orders.Materials and Methods. Methodology of the study includes general scientific methods, such as scientific assessment and description, scientific analysis and synthesis, abstraction, scientific explanation etc., and special methods of jurisprudence, such as historical, comparative and dogmatic methods. For the purposes of the study, universal agreements and soft law acts as well as OIC acts on human rights were studied alongside with UN databases and scientific and analytical papers on Islamic law and international public law.Results. The study revealed that activity of the OIC and its member states in the field of protection and promotion of human rights shows more compliance with the universal standards and is likely to continue in that direction. It outlines the pluralistic approach of the OIC to human rights teachings and its concurrent commitment to Islamic and universal human rights concepts. Modifications in the OIC protection of human rights of vulnerable social groups are explored.Discussion and conclusion. Activity of the OIC in the field of international human rights protection is analyzed from the standpoint of cultural relativism, the views on possible achievement of compatibility of human rights in Islam and universal standards are supported, the approach of the OIC to human rights is considered to reflect the particularities of approaches to human rights of Islamic states and international public law. At the same time ineffectiveness of certain human rights protection measures taken by some mechanisms of protection of human rights of the OIC are pointed out.

المصلحة المرسلة وأثرها في السياسة الشرعية

The study of the unrestricted interests has its importance and position, and this importance and prestige also derives from the challenges of the current era and its various requirements and incidents. It has been decided that a transfer and work, past and present, of the sending interests is an effective importance in understanding the rulings, carrying out the costs, drawing up the method of jurisprudence and applying it in all areas of life, conditions، issues and demands. It has been learned that the legal policy is the jurisprudence of interests that are required by the conditions of the nation at every time and place, and since the rules of the legal policy work in what has a special text and what is not in it, and the unrestricted interest works in what is not stipulated in it, so it is a wide field to consider the provisions of the legitimate policy and ijtihad in Its points of view in order to clarify the public interests in which the guardian works. This research shows one of the sources of deduction dependent on Islamic legislation, which is the unrestricted interest in its capacity to deal with emerging issues, which comes out of the womb of ijtihad based on looking at the purposes of the Sharia, and this is the science of Sharia policy based on interest.

The Impact of Ethics on Job criminalization

The criminalization of some jobs can be traced in the law system of all countries. The criteria for this criminalization vary according to the legal system of each country. In Iran, job criminalization is based on the approach of Imami jurisprudence, which is a text-oriented and sometimes intellect-oriented paradigm. Therefore, jurisprudence determines whether a job is criminal or not. Along with theology and ethics, the science of jurisprudence constitutes the three scientific pillars of Islam. The relationship between these three is one of the fundamental discussions that have great impacts on the attitude of scholars of jurisprudence in dealing with issues. Among these, the relationship between ethics and jurisprudence is very important because these two are formed on the basis of instructions and warnings and it has caused a disagreement among Islamic scholars about their relationship. Some deny their relationship, some believe that ethics requires jurisprudence, and some consider jurisprudence to require ethical supervision. These variations have led to differences in their perceptions of issues. Of course, looking at the meaning of ethics and jurisprudence, it is clear that the two are in close contact with each other, and since human behavior must be accepted by God in order to lead to human happiness, ethics acts as an observer of jurisprudence. This effect is sometimes based on the imaginary and affirmative principles of jurisprudence, and sometimes on the methods of jurisprudence. These effects can be observed in the difference between a job criminalization, which is mentioned in this article.

PEMIKIRAN AS-SUYUTHI DALAM BIDANG FIQH SYAFI’I TELAAH KITAB AL-ASYBAH WA AL-NAZHAIR

Abstract, In the discourse of the Al-Syafi'I school of thought there is a monumental book talking about the principles of fiqhiyyah, namely Al-Asybah Wa Al-Nazhair Fi Qawaida Wa Furu'i Fiqhi Al-Syafi'iyyah by Abdurrahman bin Abu Bakar Al-Suyuthi (D. 911 H). The writing of Al-Asybah Wa Al-Nazhair is proof of the al-Suyuthi's skills in the field of fiqh and fiqhiyyah rules. Therefore, It needs to be studied further, in the context of more exploration and scientific development. For this reason, this study will focus on the background and the content of the Al-Asybah Wa Al-Nazhair with all the advantages and characteristics. In this study, it was found that the Al-Asybah Wa Al-Nazhair Fi Qawaida Wa Furu'i Fiqhi Al-Syafi'iyyah by Abdurrahman bin Abu Bakar Al-Suyuthi (W. 911 H) was written systematically in seven chapters, namely; 1). Five methods of jurisprudence that are often used as references in the subject of fiqh; 2). General methods used in dealing with partial problems; 3). The methods that are contrary to one another, without privileging one of the parties / opinions because it occurs in the scope of furu'iyah (not the principle problems); 4). The legal problems that are well known and widely heard and reprimands for fiqh experts who don't know it; 5). Some reviews in the (fiqh) chapter; 6). The chapter about syubhat and relating to it; 7). Some views about: a). Doing something that contains two contradictions; b). Doing something outside of time (specified); c). Some problems (mentioned in the syarh al- muhadzzab); d). (thirty) problems for which there is no reason not to know and has been arranged (by al-Suyuthi) into a nazhm (poetry).Keywords: Al-Asybah Wa Al-Nazhair, Al-Suyuthi, Shafi'i school of thought

ABOUT THE HERMENEUTIC METHOD IN LAW

Introduction. This scientific article is devoted to the consideration of the problem of using the hermeneutic method of cognition of legal phenomena in modern domestic jurisprudence. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to show the potential possibilities of the hermeneutic method in the field of law. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: 1) to substantiate the significance of the methodological foundations of jurisprudence; 2) to consider the issue of the concept of hermeneutics in a historical aspect (the views of Aristotle, V. Dilthey, F. Schleiermacher, F. Nietzsche, G.G. Gadamer, M. Weber and others; 3) to analyze the views of Russian scientists substantiating the need for the hermeneutic method in the study of legal phenomena (D.A. Kerimov, M.M. Rassolov, P.M. Rabinovich, V.A. Suslov, I.L. Chestnov); 4) show the weaknesses of the hermeneutic method in jurisprudence, the arguments of the opponents of this approach (V.M. Syrykh, I.Yu. Kozlikhina, V.N. Zhukov and others). Methodology. When writing this article, we used a complex of both special (philological, cybernetic, psychological and others) and private-scientific (formal-legal, interpretation of law and others) methods of studying legal reality. Results. The result of the study in the framework of this article was the following: without denying some fruitfulness of metaphysics, which is the basis of the analyzed method, we note that the hermeneutics method is practically not used in jurisprudence due to the lack of an appropriate methodology and is replaced by the historical way (method) of interpreting legal norms. Conclusion. In conclusion, it is summarized that even those scholars who pinned certain hopes on legal hermeneutics in the research plan have now begun to doubt its potential, believing that this approach to law as an independent has not yet taken place. Paying attention to the fact that the last decade is characterized by the search for a new paradigm, they are increasingly trying to find it outside the law, to attract to the study of law the knowledge developed in the bosom of other sciences, it is emphasized that such attempts should be welcomed, but only if they deepen our knowledge of law, and not of the subject of those sciences to which we turn.

СТРУКТУРОВАНІСТЬ СИСТЕМИ НАУКОВОГО ПІЗНАННЯ

Досліджуються рівні системи наукового пізнання, які аналізують науковці. Наводяться різні класифікації. Наголошено, що окремі автори в методологію правознавства включають загальнофілософські методи, загальнонаукові та приватноправові методи. Деякі вчені розширюють розуміння методології правових явищ до чотирьох компонентів, що в умовах розвитку методологічного плюралізму видається найбільш доцільним і обґрунтованим. Вони виділяють такі групи методів: загальнофілософські методи (застосовуються вченими в усіх науках, на кожній стадії дослідження); загальнонаукові методи пізнання (розкривають загальнофілософський метод); спеціальні методи (розроблені конкретними науками та застосовуються в юриспруденції); власні методи правознавства (використовуються на стадії пізнання юридичної практики).
 Серед методів, що використовуються юридичною наукою, практично немає жодного, який би не застосовувався в інших га лузях знань.
 Акцентовано увагу на тому, що всі названі групи методів необхідні для проведення повноцінного, усебічного, завершеного державно-правового дослідження, кожний з них може знадобитися на якомусь етапі дослідження, тому вже навіть через це методологія має бути множинною, плюралістичною.
 Основною заслугою системного підходу є те, що він дає змогу зберегти і розвинути принцип цілісності у вивченні того чи іншого предмета дослідження, охопити не тільки основні, але й супровідні явища, отже, установити та проаналізувати весь цілісний процес виникнення та розвитку відповідного інститута, встановити його основні зв’язки, зони впливу.
 Саме системний підхід найбільш повно відповідає реалізації у практичному житті вимог діалектичного закону про взаємний зв’язок, взаємну зумовленість явищ і предметів у природі та суспільства.

THE STRENGTHENING HALAL TOURISM BASED ON PROPHETIC ISLAMIC PARADIGM THROUGH THE HISTORICAL SOCIAL INFERENCE OF THE SASAK, SAMAWA, AND MBOJO-NTB

This article discusses the strengthening of halal tourism based onthe Islamic Prophetic Paradigm. Halal tourism built in West Nusa Tenggara is unclear and final about the direction and concept. Many parties are hesitant and criticized about the title of the halal destination carried by the regional government. Is it true that the government is committed to creating a religious and halal tourism environment? Is it in line with the historical social inference of the NTB community in wrapping the cultural customs of the tribes in the region?. This study uses the sociological method of jurisprudence, with the approach of the Islamic prophetic paradigm.Furthermore, it uses the procedureof historical social inference to find convergence between Islamic values and the past, social aspects of the three major tribes in NTB. The results of the study show that the support and commitment of the NTB local government towards halal tourism that was built is based on Ahklak, Adab, and eastern culture. The main scheme is Muslim world tourists. This Akhlak, Adab, and east culture are very important to give a different color and show the local identity of an area. The halal concept was found through the convergence of cultural values and customs of the three tribes in NTB, namely the Sasak, Samawa, and Mbojo (Sasambo) tribes. It is contained and agreed upon in the norms and culture of the community, actualized at specific convergence points. The convergence of Islamic prophetic values with the historical, social benefits of the Sasak, Samawa and Mbojo tribes is seen in terms of halal food patterns, civilized patterns of association, clothing, and other economic trends. Like the Sasambo tribal philosophy “AdatBersendikanSyara’, Syara’ is based on the book of Allah’, which increasingly gives its Islamic identity. These paradigms and philosophies are the principal capital for the creation of regional halal regulations, accommodating local entities that are inherited and civilizedthrough local friendly entities.

Critical-legal method in jurisprudence

The article analyzes the problems of modern methodology of knowledge of legal reality. The author proves the necessity of a theoretical study of the critical-legal method, which currently has no «official status» specially-legal method. The article describes the main approaches to the development of evidence-based epistemological methods are most effective application of this method in jurisprudence, lawmaking and law enforcement.

«M. M. Kovalevsky’s historical and comparative method in the context of structural and functional analysis»

Problem setting: Recent trends of the science of history of state and law development are convincing evidence of the urgent need to improve and put in order all the methodological arsenal that is used. Sometimes the question is raised more radically: historical and legal science immediately needs its own means of scientific knowledge. This is due to the fact that in modern research on historical and legal subject-matter, that is extremely complex, a scientist needs a qualitative methodological tools acting primarily as a guideline in the vast historical and legal space. Comparative historical and legal method is able to be one of those guidelines which main difference from other comparative means of scientific knowledge is a flexible combination of comparative, historical and legal approaches. Despite the fact that this method is qualitatively different from the comparative and historical, and comparative and legal ones they have development history in common. M. M. Kovalevsky is considered to be the scientist who made the most weighty contribution to the working out of that methodological tendency of legal science. The work of this pre-revolutionary researcher in the field of legal comparative study is so fruitful that still remains a subject of attention of various legal disciplines, including the history of state and law science. Recent research and publications analysis: A lot of prominent history scientists and lawyers have repeatedly focused on M. M. Kovalevsky ’ s historical and comparative method. Furthermore, M. A. Damirli, V. T. Zonov, O. V. Kresin, M. N. Marchenko, N. Nikolaenko, A. H. Saidov, A. O. Tille, E. O. Skrypilyov, I. M. Sytar, G. V. Shvekov and others are among them. At the same time, despite the coverage of the individual elements of M. M. Kovalevsky ’ s comparative method in the scientific literature, the holistic view of its structure and functions of each of its components is not formed yet. Appropriate research using structural and functional approach is required. Paper objective: The purpose of this scientific paper is the structural and functional analysis of M. M. Kovalevsky ’ s historical and comparative method by isolating its elements such as the theory, methodology and research technique. As a result, this should allow to debate about the importance of this way of knowledge for the development of law comparative study as the subject matter at hand. Paper main body: In his work « Historical and comparative method in jurisprudence and ways of studying the history of law » M. M. Kovalevsky seeks not only to prove the importance of comparative way of knowledge for research in the field of law, but also provides initial theoretical and methodological reasoning of the new method. In the context of structural and functional approach to the content of M. M. Kovalevsky ’ s historical and comparative method it is already possible to single out its necessary elements such as the theory, methods and research technique, indicating the scientist ’ s attempts to develop a certain concept of use of this means of knowledge. In particular, he reveals the theory of his method by setting tasks of building the history of progressive forms development for living together and studying the history of law of one nation or another and also through historical and comparative approaches to their solution. In M. M. Kovalevsky ’ s work we can also find the principles of the research objectives use which are the basis of his method theory. Methods and technique of historical and comparative analysis subject to the requirement to compare the largest possible number of objects, in the form of legislation, that should belong to peoples which are close in their social development, and are specified in the appropriate practical recommendations. In addition, M. M. Kovalevsky directly indicates the possibility for involving other methodological ways during the comparative analysis to obtain new facts. Conclusions of the research: Estimating the M. M. Kovalevsky’s efforts in the methodology of historical and legal comparative study it should be noted that the attitude to his method in the scientific community is controversial. While agreeing, in general, with a positive appreciation of the M. M. Kovalevsky’s scientific heritage it should be pointed that the scientist first qualitatively tried to develop theoretical and methodological basis for the historical and comparative method in the domestic comparative study. Despite the fact that while theoretically reasoning his own method, M. M. Kovalevsky lacked modern structural and functional approach, but in most cases he was able to aptly describe the individual elements of the theory, methods and technique of the new means of special and scientific knowledge.

Islamic Legal Maxims in al-Tafseerat al-Ahmdiah and Their Significance

The Holy Quran is the basic original and fundamental source of Islamic Shariah. The tradition of interpretation and explanation of Holy Quran, inference and deduction of various issues is still alive which were initiated at Prophet's Era. Amongst the methods of interpretation, very important one is juridical and Hukmi that deals with rules and regulations of juridical issues. A renowned and leading intellectual of subcontinent Mulla Jevon wrote a Tafsir Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmdiah following these principles. While writing Tafsir, He discussed Legal Maxims (Al-Qawaid Al-Fiqhiyyah) along side juridical principles and brought to limelight various issues of Shariah. He opted for various methods of jurisprudence while explaining different issues. He explained the difference between Shafi and Hanfi School of Thought preferring Hanfi School of thought with Legal arguments. In This research article nine legal maxims of Islamic Jurisprudence are discussed which were used during writing Tafsir Al-Tafsirat al-Ahmdiah

Book Review: Economic Foundations of International Law by Eric A. Posner and Alan O. Sykes (2013)

There are various ways of understanding, interpreting and theorising international law. For instance, Kelsen founded a method of jurisprudence that was critical of ideology, the socalled “pure theory of law”. This is a method allowing jurists to engage with law as a subject of study in a non-political and purely “scientific” manner. As a result, international law could be regarded as a single and self-entailing system. Lasswell and McDougal developed a sociological approach to integrate the conceptualising of international society and law into the conceptualising of social process in general. Allott tried a pure jurisprudential and philosophical way of remoulding international law in a new global order. This article reviews Posner and Sykes' new book: Economic Foundations of International Law, and tries to understand whether a law and economics approach makes sense in understanding international law.

Evolutionstheorie für das Recht der Marktgesellschaft

As Marc Amstutz shows, contemporary commercial and economic law is characterised by a series of demands which are not easily compatible. To put the problem in theoretical terms: commercial law is required on the one hand to adapt itself to economic needs and circumstances and on the other hand to safeguard its inner logic and autopoiesis. Amstutz tries to escape this dilemma by the figure of »conversation-circles«, which allows subsystems to connect within certain boundaries their communications with one another. Thereby the subsystems, such as commercial law, by no means give up their autonomy which is, as Amstutz explains, due to evolutionary mechanisms: the rather firm internal order of systems is exposed to external forces and influences. The system permanently operates at the edge of chaos, a situation by which evolution is made possible. Though Amstutz’s work is a great achievement in the theoretical analysis of modern law, what remains unclear is the position of human actors. Amstutz is not successful in building the bridge between social actors and social systems. The crucial problem how »structural coupling« works is not solved. Therefore his arguments concerning the methods of jurisprudence are not entirely convincing. Recommended citation: Aschke, Manfred, Evolutionstheorie für das Recht der Marktgesellschaft. Zu Marc Amstutz, Evolutorisches Wirtschaftsrecht. Vorstudien zum Recht und seiner Methode in den Diskurskollisionen der Marktgesellschaft, in: Rechtsgeschichte - Legal History Rg 02 (2003) 25-38, online: http://dx.doi.org/10.12946/rg02/025-038

Aims and Methods of Jurisprudence

Aims and Methods of Jurisprudence

The Scope and Purpose of Sociological Jurisprudence. I. Schools of Jurists and Methods of Jurisprudence

The Scope and Purpose of Sociological Jurisprudence. I. Schools of Jurists and Methods of Jurisprudence