Feedback Method Research Articles

Theoretical analysis and simulation verification for measuring the geometric distances between the silicon spheres with the laser interferometer in G measurement

Abstract The Newtonian gravitational constant G is one of the most fundamental constants in nature. In the measurement of G with the angular acceleration feedback (AAF) method, the largest error comes from the distances between the geometric centers (GC) of the source masses. In the on-going experiment, the silicon spheres with a more homogeneous density are used as the source masses. Here a scheme of measuring the GC distances between the silicon spheres with the laser interferometer is proposed. The measurement principle is analyzed in detail, and the error sources, such as the laser, the sphere, the alignment of optical path, and the environment are evaluated in detail. With this method, the horizontal and vertical GC distances can be measured with uncertainties of 11 nm and 9 nm, respectively. The simulation with the ZEMAX software is performed to verify the theoretical model of measuring the GC distance, where the maximum deviation of the distance between the simulation result and the theoretical one is only -2.7 nm. When the sphericities of the four silicon spheres are at the level of 0.1 m, the uncertainty of each GC distance after considering the sphericity is about 0.1 m, corresponds to a combined uncertainty of 0.6 ppm for the G measurement with the AAF method. This provides an effective method to reduce the measurement uncertainty of GC distance, and makes it possible to measure G with a higher precision.

SkillAR:omnipresent in-situ feedback for motor skill training using AR

Abstract We present a novel technique called SkillAR to display augmented reality feedback for motor skill learning on a head-mounted display (HMD). SkillAR allows the user to consider movement corrections independent of the head position. Therefore, the user can receive motor feedback comfortably without risking an incorrect exercise performance. Head-mounted displays represent versatile technologies for providing motor feedback regarding skill training. In contrast to room-mounted displays, HMDs are easily portable and wearable. That allows for in-situ feedback in many situations where this would otherwise not be possible. However, the spatial positioning of the 3D feedback is not trivial. On the one hand, the user needs to understand the relation between the body and the suggested corrections in the space. On the other hand, certain exercises demand a specific head positioning to minimize errors and injuries. Depending on the exercise and the type of feedback, these two aspects can be highly conflicting. The paper at hand presents a solution for augmented reality headsets, that provides continuous and omnipresent motor feedback comfortably while facilitating a correct exercise performance. In an in-subject user study with 39 participants, we could not detect a significant disadvantage to SkillAR compared to conventional feedback methods found in the literature regarding identification and execution time as well as identification accuracy, in addition to the apparent major advantages for user health and usability. Furthermore, we found that the users could identify the feedback on the HMD more accurately.

Using the Tissue Impulse Response Function to Streamline Fractionated MRgFUS-Induced Hyperthermia

Background/Objectives: Combining radiation therapy with mild hyperthermia, especially via magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS), holds promise for enhancing tumor control and alleviating symptoms in cancer patients. However, current clinical applications of MRgFUS focus primarily on ablative treatments, and using MRI guidance for each radiation session increases treatment costs and logistical demands. This study aimed to test a streamlined workflow for repeated hyperthermia treatments that reduces the need for continuous MRI monitoring, using an approach based on impulse response function (Green’s function) to optimize acoustic power settings in advance. Methods: We implemented the Green’s function approach in a perfused, tissue-mimicking phantom, conducting 30 experiments to simulate hyperthermia delivery via MRgFUS. Pre-calculated acoustic power settings were applied to maintain a stable hyperthermia target without the need for real-time feedback control from MRI thermometry. Additionally, a retrospective analysis of patient thermometry data from MRgFUS sonications was performed to assess feasibility in clinical contexts. Results: Our experiments demonstrated consistent, stable hyperthermia (+7 °C) for 15 min across varying perfusion rates, outperforming conventional closed-loop MRI feedback methods in maintaining temperature stability. The retrospective analysis confirmed that this method is noise-robust and clinically applicable. Conclusions: This off-line approach to hyperthermia control could simplify the integration of MRgFUS hyperthermia in cancer treatment, reducing costs and logistical barriers. These findings suggest that our method may enable the broader adoption of hyperthermia in radiation therapy, supporting its role as a viable adjuvant treatment in oncology.

The Development of Mixed-Media Art Creation Process from Waste Materials to Improve Communication Efficiency

Purpose: The present economic and technological growth has increased goods manufacturing rapidly and led to the problem of waste material management. This research aims to study the cause of the problem, its impact, and solutions to reduce the pollution resulting from the increasing amount of waste. It explores various forms of art and concepts from Dadaism till the present, which used waste materials in artistic expression, developing the concept of mixed-media art from waste materials to create perception and feedback from the audience in the most effective way both aesthetically and in making the awareness among the public about the utilization and management of the waste materials that are creating problems to our lives and environment. Method: This is a research and development study. Using Roland Barthes’ semiology theory, the research experiments and explores the art creation process using waste materials to create mixed-media art within the frameworks of two-way or feedback methods. Develop ways of communication and experiment with waste materials to make the artworks that can communicate and invite feedback from the audience, display the artworks in public space, and document the interactions from the audience for further improvement of the artworks Result: This research's evaluation results have a very good total average (x̅ = 4.60, S.D. = 0.56) for form achievement and an excellent total average (x̅ = 4.52, S.D. = 0.57) for conceptualization achievement of creative development from waste materials. Conclusion: Using waste materials as a means of artistic expression is also a good way to give new values to the so-called ‘waste’ and open up possibilities and meanings from the audience’s point of view. In turn, this may help reduce the accumulation of waste, a challenge our society is confronting.

Parent-Reported Usability of a Patient Portal-Based Asthma Care Tool for Parents of Children With Asthma.

This study evaluates our new EHR-integrated patient portal for asthma care (PAC) management module for parents of children with asthma. The module includes a previsit asthma intake questionnaire via the portal. The parent answers are integrated into the provider's clinic progress note to support clinical decision-making. Our goals were to measure the functionality and usability of the PAC module and to understand facilitators and barriers to its use for parents. Parents of children ages 0-11 years old (n = 45) completed the PAC module's asthma intake questionnaires prior to their upcoming pediatric pulmonology clinic visit. To assess functionality, provider progress notes were manually reviewed to measure the amount of key asthma-related data captured. Differences in percent data captured with and without the PAC module were compared. Electronic surveys capture demographics, usability data (the System Usability Scale [SUS]), and open-ended experiential feedback about the module. Analysis included descriptive statistics for demographics and usability, as well as the constant comparative method for open-ended feedback. The PAC module at this early stage of design significantly improved the capture of key asthma data in physician notes, increasing from 77% to 92% (p < 0.001). The average SUS score (83.8) indicated high usability. Favorable aspects of the module that were identified included time savings and ease of use. Our PAC module enhanced data capture of key asthma management elements and demonstrated high parental usability. We will continue to refine the module through an iterative approach based on end-user feedback, with future expansion planned for broader patient populations.

Study on the Role and Problems of Learning Feedback in Primary School Mathematics Classroom Teaching

In education, learning feedback has received widespread attention as an important means to improve students' learning outcomes. However, implementing feedback in primary school mathematics classrooms is still insufficient. Problems such as inadequate feedback and inappropriate feedback seriously affect students' learning outcomes and the development of mathematical thinking. This paper takes primary school mathematics classrooms as the research background and systematically analyzes the current feedback status and problems. The paper also explores the causes of insufficient and inappropriate feedback, especially the impact of tight class time and insufficient teacher feedback skills. The research shows that optimizing feedback strategy is the key to improving the quality of primary school mathematics teaching. Based on the analysis results, this paper makes the following recommendations: combining clear feedback goals with inquiry-based teaching, diversified feedback methods adapted to the level of inquiry, combining precise feedback content with assessment type, adjusting feedback timing and frequency, and improving teachers' feedback skills. The application of these strategies can effectively solve the feedback problem in primary school mathematics classrooms and provide a reference for teaching reform in primary school mathematics.

Sensory Feedback Improvement of BCI Robotics for Movement Control

Brain-computer interfaces have great potential in motor control and rehabilitation. In related research fields, how to effectively monitor users has always been a research focus. Many studies have found that the performance of brain-computer interfaces can be effectively improved by improving and integrating feedback methods. This article reviews the four main types of feedback currently available, including visual feedback, auditory feedback, vibration, and electrical stimulation in tactile feedback, and introduces their principles and applications. This article summarizes the improvements in experimental accuracy and efficiency brought about by these sensory feedbacks in research and finally proposes limitations and future development trends.

A Novel Codebook Based CSI Reconstruction Algorithm in FDD Massive MIMO Systems

ABSTRACTChannel state information (CSI) plays a critical role for beamforming technology in frequency division duplex (FDD) massive multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) systems. In order to improve the beamforming accuracy, we present a novel codebook based CSI reconstruction algorithm to enhance CSI feedback performance, thereby improving communication quality. Based on the existing codebook feedback mechanism, initially, we leverage channel temporal correlation to smooth the precoding matrix using a sliding window approach, where both Type I and Type II codebooks are considered. Subsequently, a minimum mean square error (MMSE) based modification technique is introduced to modify the reconstruction result. The proposed CSI reconstruction method incorporates an adjustable weighting parameter within the sliding window, rendering it adaptable to channels with different user speeds, such as high‐speed train communication channel. Moreover, our algorithm entirely operates at the base station (BS). Therefore, there is no additional feedback overhead compared with traditional codebook based CSI feedback methods. Numerical results present the proposed algorithm outperforms baselines for beamforming.

Non-Markovian Feedback for Optimized Quantum Error Correction

Bosonic codes allow the encoding of a logical qubit in a single component device, utilizing the infinitely large Hilbert space of a harmonic oscillator. In particular, the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill code has recently been demonstrated to be correctable well beyond the break-even point of the best passive encoding in the same system. Current approaches to quantum error correction (QEC) for this system are based on protocols that use feedback, but the response is based only on the latest measurement outcome. In our work, we use the recently proposed feedback-GRAPE (gradient-ascent pulse engineering with feedback) method to train a recurrent neural network that provides a QEC scheme based on memory, responding in a non-Markovian way to the full history of previous measurement outcomes, optimizing all subsequent unitary operations. This approach significantly outperforms current strategies and paves the way for more powerful measurement-based QEC protocols. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

Research progress on prosthetic feedback

At present, prosthetics are becoming more functional, but most prosthetics have no feedback function, which does not allow users to adjust some movements independently. More research is needed to develop prosthetic feedback. Based on the literature, this paper reviews the relevant research on prosthetic feedback, and probes into the meaning, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, problems and future development of each method from electrohaptic feedback, pressure feedback and vibration feedback. Based on the comparison of these three feedback methods, it is found that electrohaptic feedback is excellent in fine control and multi-channel feedback; Pressure feedback has advantages in simulating real touch and improving operational confidence; Vibration feedback, with its low cost and simple operation, has the potential for widespread application. Each technology possesses its distinct application scenarios and advantages; however, there are also challenges that need to be surmounted. As the technology continues to advance, it is expected that these haptic feedback technologies will provide users with a richer and more natural interactive experience

Découverte de l’esprit européen à travers les émotions du management d’une équipe artistique

Discovering the European Spirit through the Emotions of Managing an Artistic Team. Now that the idea of the European unity is more and more questioned, artistic and educational projects such as Eurofabrique 2 show that there are still common myths to be recycled, common path to be discovered, pedagogical methods to be shared and consistent European spirit to be artistically and humanly enjoyed. We propose to follow through the lens of emotional engagement and exploration the encounter of 30 students and their teachers who worked together, in Romania as well as in France, from the very first idea to the final results of their theatrical laboratory, exploring dramaturgy, spaces, costumes and masks, dance, film and performance, and searching the feelings, thoughts, beliefs and cultural memories that unite young generations beyond borders, integrating individual choices and understandings of European culture, in its past and future unfolding. Keywords: EuroFabrique, emotions, cultural management, theatrical laboratory, Orpheus et Eurydice, Europe is lost, Kae Tempest, performative installation, recycling of myths, feedback method.

Online reinforcement learning control for maintaining an optimum beam collision on an electron-positron collider

For double-ring colliders, it is a vital task to make the two beams meeting each other properly at the interaction point. BEPCII is a double-ring collider that operates in the decay mode, as the beam currents decrease over time, the beam orbits need to be continuously adjusted to maintain the optimum collision conditions. Originally, this task was carried out manually, with operators adjusting three offset control knobs (x,y,y′) according to the luminosity. There is a crucial necessity to implement advanced automated control approaches. However, the feedback methods are ineffective due to the constraints imposed by machine characteristics. Nevertheless, the optimization methods are also limited by the slow response speed of BEPCII and have intrinsic limitations. Reinforcement learning (RL), which learns from past experiences, provides a new approach for handling such problems. In this paper, we implemented two automated control methods: the dither method and the deep Q-network (DQN) RL method. The dither method is a numerical optimization method used to provide more online data for DQN training. With the help of the historical data from the dither method, we successfully trained a DQN agent to control the offset knobs to optimize the luminosity. The DQN method exhibited significantly better performance than the dither method, achieving faster optimization speeds and yielding higher integral luminosity. Furthermore, the DQN method has been integrated into the daily operations of BEPCII, achieving long-term stable deployment and effectively substituting manual labor. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Force Feedback Method for Statically Indeterminate Steel Structure Construction Based on Staged Temperature Measurement.

Structural design usually adopts uniform temperature action. However, during the actual construction of the structure, the temperature field acting on the structure is inhomogeneous. Therefore, the simulation of the construction of statically indeterminate steel structures considering only the uniform temperature field cannot truly reflect the temperature action after structural molding and the evolution of the stress performance of the temporary stress system of structural construction. This paper proposes a force feedback method for the construction of statically indeterminate steel structures based on staged temperature measurements. In this method, the construction sequence and the measured temperature are taken into account, and the structural response under the action of temperature is obtained by using the first processing method in the matrix displacement method and the deformation coordination formula to obtain the deformation and stress values of the structure. The application results show that the structural forces calculated by the method proposed in this paper are closer to the measured data in the field, and the error is reduced by 10~40%. This paper provides a reference for the calculation of construction forces in statically indeterminate steel structures considering the effect of temperature inhomogeneity and provides a basis for construction safety assessment and schedule management.

The effect of self‐control on impulsive consumption with the moderators of family socioeconomic status and peer feedback

AbstractTo better understand the relationship between self‐control and impulsive consumption in different conditions of family SES and peer feedback among Chinese college students, we conducted longitudinal and experimental studies. In Study 1, a total of 326 participants completed the Chinese Consumer Impulsive Purchase Tendency Scale, the Chinese Self‐Control Scale and two types of family SES indicators. The results indicated that trait self‐control negatively predicts impulsive consumption tendency, with this effect being stronger in high family SES conditions compared to low family SES conditions. In Study 2, we recruited 148 participants who completed the Stroop task, the simulation method of peer feedback, the Impulsive Consumption Tendency Scale and the Impulsive Consumption Behaviour Scale. The findings revealed that the interaction of state self‐control and peer feedback has an impact on impulsive consumption. Specifically, when receiving rational peer feedback, participants with high‐state self‐control (i.e., in non–ego‐depletion condition) exhibited a weaker impulsive consumption tendency than those with low‐state self‐control (i.e., in ego‐depletion condition). Therefore, our study demonstrates the relationship between self‐control and impulsive consumption, as well as the moderative effects of family SES and peer feedback.

Fast source mask optimization adopting mask prediction and feedback method with similarity penalty

Source mask optimization (SMO) based on gradient descent is a widely utilized technique in computational lithography. However, it is crucial to enhance the optimization efficiency of SMO, especially at advanced nodes. A mask predictive feedback with similarity penalty term SMO method is developed in this paper. This method incorporates a similarity penalty term into the loss function. It also employs a mask prediction feedback (MPF) method to more effectively utilize the mask and its gradient information during the iterative process. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can reduce running time by at least 30% compared to using the Adam optimizer while ensuring target optimization conditions. Additionally, ablation experiments reveal that the proposed method improves algorithm efficiency more effectively than using the MPF method or similarity penalty term individually.

Basic Principles of Infection Control and Implementation Strategies

Hand hygiene plays a vital role in controlling infections and ensuring patient safety in healthcare settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) and CDC emphasize the critical role of hand hygiene in patient safety. Research conducted worldwide clearly demonstrates the positive effects of hand hygiene adherence by healthcare workers on patient health. Effective implementation of hand hygiene in healthcare settings is essential for reducing infection rates and ensuring sustainable quality within healthcare systems. However, low adherence to hand hygiene among healthcare workers can lead to the spread of hospital-associated infections. This paper emphasizes the critical role of hand hygiene in preventing infections in healthcare settings and details the strategies proposed to enhance healthcare workers’ compliance with hand hygiene. The role of training, observation, feedback, and leadership support is discussed. The aim of this study is to review the current literature on the applicability of hand hygiene in healthcare settings. Literature searches were conducted using academic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. The search focused on articles published between 2000-2024. This study reviews research assessing the effectiveness of training programs, observation and feedback methods, leadership support, and accessibility to hygiene products in hospital settings. The development and implementation of hand hygiene strategies has significant potential in improving healthcare quality and reducing healthcare-associated infections.

Identifying enablers and barriers to teleultrasound use for remote settings: A scoping review.

Teleultrasound connects expert point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) users with remote community and rural sites. Evolving technologies including handheld devices, upgraded image quality, and the ability to transmit over low bandwidth connections increase POCUS education, accessibility, and clinical integration. Potential teleultrasound venues include low-resource settings, prehospital care, and austere environments (high altitudes, microgravity, conflict zones, etc.). This scoping review assesses current teleultrasound uses and identifies implementation enablers and barriers. Using the PRISMA-ScR checklist, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched on 16 August 2024 for teleultrasound studies. Two reviewers independently screened results and abstracted data using a data collection table. 165 articles met the following inclusion criteria: research studies describing teleultrasound, involving humans, including healthcare workers, with remote point-of-care or medical ultrasound use, in any setting, and in English. Teleultrasound studies were reported in most specialties and across all continents. Most were prospective (100 studies), review articles (27), or case studies (14). Study quality was variable, with 28 high quality, 77 moderate, 54 low, and 6 very low (GRADE assessment tool). Common themes that emerged include (1) type of image transmission method utilised, (2) remote provider training and curriculum development, (3) feedback methods between expert and novice users, (4) technologies and devices used, and (5) enablers and barriers to guide future teleultrasound implementation and training strategies. Overall, the teleultrasound literature is heterogeneous in setting, design, and quality outcomes. As teleultrasound technology evolves and the use expands, future studies should standardise protocols and ensure image quality fidelity to optimise remote patient care.

A Study on the Shaping of Students' Self-Efficacy by Teachers' Feedback Styles in the View of Educational Psychology

This study explores the shaping of students' self-efficacy by teachers' feedback styles from the perspective of educational psychology. The classification and characteristics of teachers' feedback styles are analyzed, including conversational descriptive feedback, different types of feedback, self-referential and other-referential feedback, and SHARP feedback method. The concept and importance of students' self-efficacy and the relevant theoretical foundations in educational psychology, such as Bandura's social cognitive theory and Locke's goal-setting theory, are described. The relationship between teachers' teaching efficacy and students' self-efficacy was investigated, and teacher feedback strategies for cultivating students' self-efficacy were proposed, including giving positive feedback and recognition, encouraging to try new things, and providing a suitable learning environment. Finally, we summarize the research results and point out the shortcomings and prospects of the study. In the future, we can further study the relationship between teachers' feedback and students' self-efficacy in different cultural backgrounds and digital environments, and expand the research targets and incorporate more theories of educational psychology.

Enhancing Assessment and Feedback in Game Design Programs

The integration of generative AI tools in game design education offers promising ways to streamline the grading, assessment, and feedback processes that are typically labor-intensive. In game design programs, faculty often deal with varied file formats, including 3D models, executable prototypes, videos, and complex game design documents. Traditional methods of assessment and feedback, primarily text-based, struggle to provide timely and actionable insights for students. Furthermore, only a small percentage of top students consistently review and apply feedback, leading to inefficiencies. This article explores how generative AI tools can augment these processes by automating aspects of grading, generating more personalized and meaningful feedback, and addressing the time-intensive nature of reviewing diverse file formats. Key strategies are discussed, including the use of rubrics tailored for AI-based assessment, automated prompts for narrative-driven assignments, and the application of AI in reviewing complex project builds. The objective is to create more time for faculty to engage in live mentoring and hands-on learning activities, which research shows to be more effective. Practical examples of various game design assignments, including build reviews and document evaluations, are provided to illustrate these new approaches. This shift promises to enhance student engagement and improve learning outcomes.

Model Order Reduction and Stability Enhancement Control for AC/DC Converters Through State Feedback Method

In the DC distribution networks, DC bus voltage is maintained by the grid-connected converter; the controllability and reliability of the grid-connected converter significantly affect the bus voltage characteristic. To address the problem of limited stability and frequent oscillations, this paper proposes a state feedback control method for the AC/DC converter. Conventional AC/DC converter adopts the voltage-current double-closed-loop control structure with the proportional-integral (PI) controllers, which is the equivalent of the typical type II control system, but the typical type II control system cannot fully settle the stability and immunity problems. In contrast, the state feedback control strategy not only achieves the control objectives of the traditional double-closed-loop control but also reduces the AC/DC converter system model to a typical Type I system, which improves stability and thus enhances the oscillation suppression capability of the bus voltage. By selecting multiple state variables and designing the converter pole configuration range, the proposed single-loop state feedback control method manages to optimize both the dynamic and steady-state performances of the grid-connected AC/DC converter. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed single-loop state feedback control strategy is verified through MATLAB (2018b)/Simulink software simulation and experiments on a DC distribution network platform.