Research Methods Research Articles

Adaptive Digital Leadership Approaches for Self-engagement to Overcome Digital Transformation Gaps

Digital transformation, forced by a rapidly changing environment and the increasing speed of technological advancements, enables various valuable opportunities in the business context, like increased efficiency, lower costs, and thus enhanced competitiveness, and manifold, complex challenges, like fast-changing customer expectations, increasing job demands, new value creation structures, and disruptive competition from outside the traditional industry boundaries. This often leads to business process reengineering and urges the strategic realignment of management and leadership styles based on competitive positions and corporate goals. In digital transformation, value impedance defines resistances encountered when integrating new digital technologies and processes into existing systems and workflows. Similarly, digital transformation gaps such as the business model gap are discrepancies preventing organizations from fully exploiting benefits and overcoming the challenges of digital transformation. The connection of digital transformation gaps and value impedance is recommended to avoid conflicts when facing digital transformation. However, as many organizations face difficulties with that alignment, this paper introduces the topic of digital transformation gaps, specifically the business model gap, and discusses its bridging with digital leadership aspects regarding self-engagement. Self-engagement enhances employee motivation, innovative work behaviors, performance, and a positive attitude toward change. This research thus answers the following research question: what digital leadership factors contribute to the development of self-engagement of employees in organizations to bridge the business model gap in digital transformation? This qualitative research is based on the Design Science Research method and elaborates four matrices with four strategic options each to enhance the self-engagement of employees, based on validated questionnaire items from the existing literature, and iteratively evaluated and further developed through semi-structured interviews with domain experts. Consequently, these four matrices build the basis for bridges to overcome the business model gap in digital transformation. Further research is suggested, on the one hand, to validate the proposed strategic options quantitatively and, on the other hand, to extend the approach with more strategic options also for other focus areas.

Effectiveness of Teachers Training Program in Enhancing Teaching Competence of Public Primary School Teachers in Ilemela Municipality, Tanzania

The study aims to investigate the Effectiveness of Teachers Training Program in Enhancing Teaching Competence of Public Primary School Teachers in Ilemela Municipality, Tanzania. The problem of this study was answered by the one research questions; TCPD training programs in enhancing teaching competence. The study was guided by the Social Cognitive Theory. The current study employed convergent design under mixed research methods approach. The target population consisted of various stakeholders, including 81 public primary schools, 1,047 teachers, 19 Ward Education Officers, 81 head teachers, and 8 District quality assurers making total number of 1155 population. The sample size for the current study consisted of 16 public primary schools, 192 teachers, 16 head teachers, 6 Ward Education Officers (WEO), and 2 District School Quality Assurers (DSQA), totaling 216 respondents. Questionnaires, interview guides, and document analysis guides were used to collect data from respondents. Data collection instruments were validated by MWECAU research experts. A pilot study was conducted in two public primary schools. The reliability of questionnaires for Likert-type items was estimated using Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient whereby r= 0.889 for teachers while that of qualitative established through peer debriefing and triangulation. The study adhered to ethical considerations throughout the research process. Descriptive statistics were analyzed quantitative data using SPSS version 26. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study found that the TCPD is highly effective in improving teaching competence through focused training on classroom management, instructional design, differentiated instruction, student engagement, and technology integration significantly improved their teaching skills. The study concluded that Continuing Professional Development (CPD) effectively Enhanced Teaching Competence of Public Primary School Teachers in Ilemela Municipality to the high extent. The study recommended that a similar training program should be implemented regularly to equip teachers with up-date skills and knowledge.

Spiritual Care Experiences of Nurses Caring for Gynecologic Cancer Patients in Türkiye: A Qualitative Research.

The study aimed to examine the spiritual care experiences of nurses caring for gynecologic cancer patients. The study was conducted using a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods. Nurses caring for gynecologic cancer patients were included in the study. In sample selection, the criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used, and the sample size was ten nurses. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect the data. Content analysis was performed using the MAXQDA package program. The study was written based on the COREQ checklist. The nurses' statements determined themes, sub-themes, and codes in line with the research findings. Accordingly, four themes were identified as "spiritual care practices," "emotional effects of spiritual care," "factors affecting spiritual care," and "recommendations to improve spiritual care".In line with the findings obtained, it is recommended that in-service training should be provided to nurses caring for gynecologic cancer patients to provide spiritual care at a professional level. Moreover, the excessive workload caused by working conditions should be reduced, and regulations and institutional policies should be established to increase the number of nurses.

Business Educators’ Critical Reflection on Leadership

It is axiomatic: Leadership is pivotal for positive organisational results. Pervasive literature can guide, yet many organisations suffer unsatisfactory results. It is a question of the gap between intent and execution. Mountains of leadership literature obfuscate versus clarify. This distortion demands scrutiny. Our research question is: “What is leadership?” Our research methodology was reflection (Dewey and others), attempting clarification to improve understanding and guide successful action. Our findings demonstrate that literature inconsistently defines leadership which impacts understanding and practice. Leadership is often studied from the perspective of either (a) the person, specifically their competence, i.e., knowledge, skills, attitude, experience, and behaviour about (i) themselves, (ii) cultivating positive relationships with others, (iii) nurturing effective teams, and (iv) business/technical/job-related content, or (b) function, i.e., attaining organisational results by goal achievement through coordination of organisation-wide activities supported by the free-willed cooperation of all organisational members, or (c) social influence, that is leadership behaviour impacting the functioning of the organisation. Research primarily examines leadership as social influence. These three perspectives are seldom integratively studied, suggesting mutually exclusive domains. However, person, function, and social influence are interconnected. Our findings imply leadership as an interplay between the person, the collective, and contextual conditions impacting organisational results. Therefore, studying leadership from the combined perspectives of person, function, and social influence is more useful. Doing so provides a holistic understanding that ensures attaining positive organisational results. The value of the study includes that reflection, an underused research method examining leadership, can limit proliferation of superfluous literature that often produces confusion. Both academics and practitioners can question their thinking, assumptions, and actions to guide better actions and to approach better results. We recommend further study to hone reflective practice and learning.

How are fashion merchandising curricula designed in the digital age? – Cross-cultural case study from the TPACK perspective

ABSTRACT This study investigated what and how the curricula in fashion merchandising are being offered in the United States and China in the context of digital transformation and possible differences in curricula development due to cultural and educational policy differences. The study was grounded in technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) and cultural dimension theories. Two academic programmes and eight courses were reviewed using the qualitative research method of the case study. The data were coded, classified, and analysed using MAXQDA, incorporating quantitative and qualitative data interpretations. The results revealed diverse ways for the instructors to incorporate TPACK-based curricula design approaches and highlighted the differences in curricula development between the U.S. and China programmes. The study findings offered in-depth views of the significance of TPACK on curricula development strategies and the potential challenges that educators face in meeting the industry's needs.

Konsep Kota 15 Menit : Peluang dan Tantangan Penerapannya pada Kota Pulau

The Banda Neira Islands possess significant cultural potential, yet many historical buildings are neglected, and accessibility is limited. With an area of just 3 km², planning that prioritizes pedestrians and cyclists is necessary. This study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of implementing the 15-Minute City concept in Banda Neira. A qualitative research method is employed, beginning with an assessment of the physical and non-physical conditions in the urban area, particularly aspects related to the 15-Minute City components. The study finds that adjusting facilities based on population density is crucial for supporting the 15-Minute City principle, with high-density areas requiring more facilities, while low-density areas need better accessibility. The current layout allows access within 15 minutes on foot or by bicycle. The diversity of facilities supports social integration, but further digital technology implementation is needed to enhance service access and overall quality of life.

Students’ Perception Towards Solid Waste Management and Environmental Sustainability of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Campus, Awka

Nigeria’s rising population makes waste generation an inevitable endeavour. In the journey of national development, waste generation is static. With a population of over 170 million, Nigeria produces a staggering volume of solid waste, of which less than 20% is collected through a formal system. Waste generation on the Nnamdi Azikiwe University campus, Awka, has remained contentious as generated waste is neither categorised nor recycled for re-usage purposes. The survey research method was adopted for this research, with the questionnaire utilised as research instrument. This study included the entire population due to size manageability. Statistically, descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were fit for purpose and, hence, utilised. Findings revealed that biological processing of waste and environmental waste management education would result in the environmental sustainability of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University campus, Awka. This study recommends that the university management prioritise building a biological waste processing facility and champion the creation of environmental waste management education awareness for improved harmful waste generation and control.

Technological Unemployment in Terms of Global Labor Market Imbalances: A Bibliometric Analysis

The current society, known as the supersmart society or Society 5.0, emerged in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. also known as Industry 4.0 (I4.0), which arose with the development of different technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Big Data Analytics (BDA), among others. Based on the report “Future of Jobs Report 2023” the most affectin g macro trend in driving business transformation is the increased adoption of new and frontier technologies with an 86.2% rate. I4.0 significantly changed production processes and manufacturing systems, transforming firms into smart factories. One of the consequences of the I4.0 revolution is technological unemployment (TU). This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the literature on Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and Technological Unemployment (TU) within the 2015-2024 timeframe, with a particular focus on their impact on labor market imbalances (LMI). Through a bibliometric analysis, the study will assess performance metrics, including the publication and citation performance of authors, institutions, countries, and journals. Additionally, the research will visualize and critically examine bibliometric citation outcomes, including cited references. To achieve this, we adopted a quantitative approach and employed a confirmatory-explicative research method to elucidate Technological Unemployment (TU) within the context of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) transformations and confirm its implications on Labor Market Imbalances (LMI). Bibliometric analysis was used to discern data patterns, trends, and relationships within the literature. Our findings revealed several significant trends, notably job polarization, income inequality, and TU. We determined that the effects of I4.0 on employment are not universally negative; in some cases, technological investments enhance employment rates by creating new professions and job opportunities. Our analysis also indicated that occupations requiring human judgment, decision-making, creativity, and innovation exhibit resilience to technological advancements.

Analysis of the Current Situation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation and Suggestions for Countermeasures

Taking Huizhou City as an example, this study discusses in depth the status quo, existing problems and improvement countermeasures of scientific and technological achievements transformation. This study adopts the literature research method and comparative analysis method, combines the official data and literature released by Huizhou Municipal Government, based on the importance of transformation of scientific and technological achievements to the high-quality development of the economy, analyses the role of transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Huizhou City on the enhancement of the economic development and the regional innovation capacity, identifies and solves the key problems in the process of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and puts forward optimization countermeasures. The results of the study show that although Huizhou City has made progress in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, there are still problems such as insufficient long-term cooperation mechanisms and low levels of cooperation. The conclusion points out that Huizhou needs to establish a long-term cooperation mechanism, upgrade the level of cooperation, strengthen the participation of local universities and research institutes, and improve the service system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in order to promote the effective transformation and industrialisation of scientific and technological achievements.

Relevance of Aceh's Qanun Jinayat in Minimizing Cases of Sexual Harassment against Children in Aceh

This study aims to describe the relevance of Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law as a legal regulation used to address cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh. This is considered important because until now cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh have continued to increase every year. In addition, Aceh is a region that has special regulations that are formed based on Islamic law and customary law. Therefore, the provisions relating to sexual Harassment in Aceh are different from other provincial areas that use the Child Protection Law, the Sexual Violence Crime Law or Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code. The study was conducted using a sociological legal research method with descriptive analytical writing specifications. The focus of this study is on how the relevance of Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law is in minimizing the number of cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh, thus causing this study to be different from previous studies. The results of this study indicate that Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law has not been able to optimally address cases of child sexual Harassment in Aceh. It is because the five factors that influence the effectiveness of the implementation of Qanun Jinayat in Aceh have not been effective until now. The five factors are legal factors, law enforcement factors, facilities and infrastructure factors, community factors and cultural factors. In addition, the provisions of the threat of sanctions contained in Qanun Jinayat when associated with the theory of just desert and the theory of the purpose of punishment in Islamic criminal law are still relatively light so that they have an impact on the unprotection of children's rights as victims and do not provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators.

Employee Training in the Workplace: The Case of a Private Hospital in Attica, Greece

This study investigates the impact and advantages of on-the-job training within organizations, with a particular focus on a case study of a major private hospital in Attica. It begins with the purpose of the research followed by literature review. The methodology section elaborates on the selection of the research method. Finally, it analyzes the outcomes from surveys conducted with many hospital employees, offering a detailed assessment of the real-world application of on-the-job training. The results showed that the training of employees in the workplace is an important means for the development and success of an organization, but also for its establishment in the area in which it operates.

Pemberian Asupan Gizi Seimbang terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of balanced nutritional foods on early childhood growth and development at Sindang State Kindergarten. This study uses a Quantitative research method with a survey type. This method is used in evaluation to make a systematic, factual, and accurate description of the facts and properties of a particular population or area. The total research population was 33 children, then taken using purposive sampling so that the research respondents became 15 children. The instruments used in this study used observation sheets in the form of checklists with data collection through observation, documentation, and structured questionnaires regarding the effect of the application of balanced nutritional feeding on early childhood growth and development. The data analysis technique used a simple linear regression test using the help of the SPSS technique. This research data analysis technique tests validity, descriptive statistics, normality, homogeneity, simple linear regression, correlation, and dependent sample tests using statistics with the help of SPSS. Based on the results of this study there is a significant effect of balanced nutritional feeding on early childhood growth and development in Sindang State Kindergarten. This is evidenced based on the Ftable results calculated using the f test with a sig of 0.05 is 2.70 so that fcount>ftable (9.006> 4.543). This shows that Ha is accepted Ho is rejected, which means that providing balanced nutritional food has a positive and significant effect on the growth and development of children after early age at TK Negeri Sindang.

Learning From Mistakes in Project-based Organizations

Knowledge sharing and learning play a pivotal role in improving performance in organizations. Organizational activities such as projects provide the necessary arena for creating new knowledge (knowledge exploration) as well as sharing of existing, well-proven solutions (knowledge exploitation). This can lead organizations to increase their productivity, innovation and profitability. Sustainable competitive advantage can also be gained by being keen on knowledge sharing and learning, since focusing on continuous learning and improvement can make organizations as learning organizations. Learning organizations, which are characterized as having a genuine interest, willingness and ability to learn and improve continuously, can effectively deal with typical organizational phenomena such as changes and uncertainty both reactively and pro-actively. As a result, they can quickly adapt to and master changing environments. This paper will look at the topic of learning from mistakes in an organizational context. “To err is human” – As the idiom points out how natural it is to make mistakes, organizations too are prone to make mistakes. Though mistakes can be seen as natural in organizations, it is important to look at how the person who has made a mistake as well as other relevant people can learn from the mistake. Learning from a mistake helps to avoid doing the same mistake in the future and hence contribute to save time, energy and cost. It can also trigger to find a correct or better alternative way / solution to deal with the situation at hand, resulting in providing opportunities for single- or double-loop learning. This paper will focus on (1) identifying barriers that hinder learning from own mistakes and sharing that knowledge with others and (2) how to facilitate learning from mistakes and sharing that knowledge with others in project-based organizations. The study on which this paper is based, uses qualitative research method. Data have been collected through conducting interviews with Norwegian public organizations.

Resilience in 3rd grade Muhammadiyah Vocational High School students: The impact of achievement emotions

Third-year students at Vocational High School must meet many academic demands towards the end of their study period. These include fieldwork practices, report writing, attending sessions, taking tests, and preparing for exams and higher education. Such demands can affect their emotions and resilience, leading to a study being conducted to assess the impact of achievement emotions on their resilience. The research method employed in this study was quantitative, using a simple linear regression analysis technique. The research sample consisted of 183 third-grade students from SMK Muhammadiyah in Bandung, selected using a cluster random sampling technique. The study utilized two measuring tools: the achievement emotions scale and the resilience scale. The data collection method was a questionnaire, which was conducted both online and offline (paper-based). The results indicated that positive and negative emotions simultaneously influence the resilience of grade 3 vocational school students. Positive emotions play a significant positive role in increasing resilience, while negative emotions can reduce it. Educators and parents can focus on nurturing positive emotions in their students to create a positive learning environment. Cognitive restructuring may be the intervention strategy to change students' appraisal of learning situations so that they evoke enjoyment and relief and then eliminate boredom, making students more resilient.

AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROVISION OF LAND USE POLICY FOR BUILDING HOUSES IN RURAL BANGLADESH

The paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of the national land use policy in Bangladesh, highlighting the gaps in implementation and the need for strategic improvements for building houses using minimum agricultural land in rural areas of Bangladesh. The main objectives of the policy evaluation research are to explore the extent of the intervention of the National Land Use Policy 2001 that has achieved the objective of minimum use of agricultural land, to determine whether the authority has made the rural people aware of building model houses, multistorey buildings, and planned residential areas in the village and finally to find out the critical factors for effective implementation of national land use policy. It has been used as a mixed evaluation research method with both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected online using a semistructured questionnaire and checklist for respondent interviews. The main results of the policy evaluation revealed that the objectives of the policy are not achieved and effectively implemented for numerous reasons as such, the implementers are reluctant to implement and make aware the villagers, responsible implementing agencies are not fully well-defined, people are unaware and do not know about the policy, lack of village development planning and design, overpopulation and segregation of families, poverty, lack of monitoring by the ministry, unorganized urbanization and industrialization, local political influence, absence of land zoning and union parishad are unwilling to enforce their laws, etc. To implement the policy effectively, a joint effort of the local government bodies, local communities, and all local administration departments would be required, and each organization’s role would be well classified, and payment or loan support would be transferred to the rural people of Bangladesh.

INCREASE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INDICATORS USED IN THE ENERGY INDUSTRY

When evaluating the suitability of using coal in various industries, it is subjected to technical analysis and a number of special technological studies. The obtained results in combination with elemental and group analysis allow choosing the most rational and economically efficient directions of their use, which plays not the least role in determining the economic significance of coal mining deposits. The work is based on theoretical research methods based on the basics of probability theory and mathematical statistics - to improve the existing methods of processing results and assessing the uncertainty of measurements; theories of accuracy - for the development of procedures for assessing the uncertainty of measurements of the quality parameters of solid mineral fuel during its tests; statistical modeling methods - to check the reliability of the developed provisions. A generalized parameter of the quality of solid mineral fuel has been synthesized, which makes it possible to evaluate its quality based on the results of tests conducted in coal chemical laboratories. improvement of methods of testing solid mineral fuel according to quality parameters by developing uncertainty assessment procedures.

USE OF INSTAGRAM FANPAGES IN POLISH ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN 2015-2023

Thesis/Objective – This article presents the results of a quantitative comparative analysis of the activity of 65 Polish public university libraries on a social media platform known as Instagram between 2015 and 2023. The aim of the study was to assess the use of Instagram by academic libraries and to evaluate the popularity of the content shared by these institutions (including the number of posts shared and user reactions to them). Research methods – The commercial online tool Fanpage Karma, a social media monitoring service, was used to collect data from individual fanpages. This service also facilitated the processing of the collected data for statistical purposes. Data were gathered separately for different types of libraries. The critical analysis of the relevant literature and bibliographic sources was also conducted. Results/Conclusions – The results showed that only 33 out of 65 public academic libraries use Instagram in their everyday work. This activity is generally independent of the library type. The social media platform in question is present in various types of libraries. In some cases, Instagram complements communication via Facebook, particularly in the libraries which are most active on social media. It is worth noting that two libraries use Instagram as their sole social media platform. The highest number of posts was published by university libraries – and those posts received most user reactions.

Uji Analisis Nikel Ore/Ni (Sampel Cek) Menggunakan Metode Press Pellet Berdasarkan Variasi Suhu Pengeringan, Waktu Pengeringan, dan Berat Sampel Timbangan Press

The purpose of the study was to determine the changes in nickel levels as a result of the analysis on the variation in temperature and drying time as well as the weight of press pellet scale samples from one of the same sample types. This research method is in the form of an experiment with a factorial research design from analysis parameters in the form of MC percentage and nickel ore content of Ni element. The results of the analysis showed that drying at 105°C and 125°C achieved a constant MC during a heating time of 5 to 6 hours. Meanwhile, at a temperature of 145-185 degrees Celsius with an interval of 2-6 hours, the MC level has experienced a constant weight of 44.44%. At the same temperature treatment, which is 105oC, different constant times are obtained. This is influenced by the difference in weight between the two samples, namely in the AP/5 and AP/6 range of 0.360 grams, while AP ORI weighs 1.8 kg. The results of the Epsilon 4 reading showed that the variation in drying temperature at 105°C to 185°C and drying time of 3-6 hours affected the nickel ore content in the range of 1.50% to 1.53%, close to the standard value of nickel 1.50%. The lower the temperature and drying time, the humidity level of the sample increases, causing the nickel ore content to decrease, while the higher the temperature and drying time increases the risk of nickel decomposition. The optimum temperature and drying time is 165°C for 2-4 hours. The press sample weight is between 8-14 grams resulting in a stable nickel content at 1.47%-1.50%, with an optimum weight of 10-14 grams for optimal sample thickness and density.

Visitors’ Experiences of Deyrulzafaran Monastery Through Netnography Approach

This article analyzes the experiences and perceptions of visitors to Deyrulzafaran Monastery using the netnography method. Netnography is a research method that aims to understand participants' experiences and perspectives in depth by examining content shared in online communities and social media platforms. The study reveals how the touristic experiences of Deyrulzafaran Monastery are perceived by examining visitor comments on TripAdvisor. As a result of the content analysis, the experiences of visitors to Deyrulzafaran Monastery were determined as six components. These components; unforgettable experience, satisfaction, intention to recommend and revisit, historical experience, cultural learning experience, gastronomic experience and guide features. This netnographic analysis aims to contribute to a better understanding of visitor experiences of cultural and historical sites and the development of tourism management strategies. Especially in the digital age, analyzing visitor feedback provides important information on how tourism destinations can adapt to meet visitor expectations.

INITIAL ASSESSMENT IN COUNSELING

The purpose of this study is to enrich knowledge about initial assessment in counseling. This research method uses qualitative with a literature study approach. Data sources are obtained from Google Scholar in the form of books and articles. In-depth data analysis related to research materials. The results of the study, namely the evaluation steps taken by counselors when conducting counseling sessions with clients for the first time, are very important because through the implementation of initial evaluations, counselors can gain an understanding of clients and the problems they face.