Method For Children Research Articles

Menanamkan Motivasi Belajar Online dari Orang Tua melalui Seminar Parenting

Since being shocked by the corona virus / Covid-19. This virus has spread widely to various parts of the world including Indonesia. Until April, the Indonesian government announced a lockdown policy, namely completing all activities, which carried out settlements in worship activities, schools, offices, or universal facilities, social and cultural activities, modes of transportation, and other activities related to regional security, some of the mandatory requirements followed by regions following lockdown regulations. Courageous learning does not always go as desired, the problems faced by children are difficulty concentrating on learning and many school assignments. This can also cause a feeling of stress, boredom, and has the potential to cause depression in children, on the part of parents also have difficulties in accompanying their children to study at home, due to other responsibilities and difficulties understanding children's lessons and methods, also not understanding applications or features. which is used as a support for the brave learning process. However, in this regard, especially in Pangulah Utara Village, Kota Baru District, Karawang, where generally parents are not highly educated, there are certainly difficulties in this regard. These various obstacles need confirmation between teachers, students, as well as the cooperation between parents and children and parents and good teachers so that the learning process carried out at home can run as expected.

Special aspects of treatment and adaptation of children with autism spectrum disorder at a dental appointment (literature review)

Relevance. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have poor self-care skills; they depend on sweet food, and their sensory integration is impaired. All of the above leads to poor oral hygiene. High rates of dental disease in these patients require searching for the most effective treatment and prevention methods. Special programs based on clinical manifestations and behaviour modification have been developed for children with ASD to adapt to dental appointments and oral hygiene education. In addition to traditional hygiene education, modern techniques, including electronic devices, are increasingly being introduced. Unfortunately, not all children can get used to dental manipulations, and the dentist has to resort to sedation or general anaesthes ia.Objective. To present up-to-date information about children's adaptation methods to dental appointments, prevention and treatment of oral diseases.Materials and methods. The literature analysis on the topic was the main study method. Publications were searched in the Medline PubMed and E-library databases by the keywords: 'treatment and prevention of diseases', 'children with ASD', 'adaptation' and 'hygiene education', according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.Results. The comprehensive approach to oral-disease treatment in children with ASD under general anaesthesia and sedation enables us to achieve excellent results with optimal comfort for both the patient and the pediatric dentist. The advantage of these methods is that the doctor can perform a larger volume of treatment and preventive measures during one visit.Conclusion. Children with autism need prevention and treatment of dental conditions. Available prevention programs need to be adapted to their disease and personality characteristics, using various methods of hygiene education.

Fertility Transition in Pakistan: Evidence from Census

In the absence of an accurate and complete registration system, efforts were made to estimate the levels of vital statistics through sample surveys. The first such effort was made through the Population Growth Estimation (PGE) project conducted from January, 1962 to December 1965. Later on, various demographic surveys were conducted almost at regular intervals and the last effort in the series was Pakistan Reproductive Health and Family Planning Survey (PRHFPS) in the year 2000-01. Although all these efforts were made to ascertain levels and trends of various demographic events, yet the estimates particularly the ones on fertility remained controversial. The first signal of fertility reduction was emanated from the 1975 Pakistan Fertility Survey (PFS) which estimated a Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 6.3 children from over 7 children estimated earlier from PGE data. However, all hopes of the onset of fertility transition were shattered by the [Retherford’s, et al. (1987)] study entitled “Fertility Trend in Pakistan: The Decline that Wasn’t”. By using the Own Children Method, they confirmed that the decline in fertility was an artifact of the data. Another study by Shah, Pullum, and Irfan (1986) also termed the fertility decline shown by the PFS data as spurious. The Pakistan Labour Force and Migration Survey, conducted five years later, in 1979-80, estimated a TFR of 6.5 children, thus providing another proof supporting the fact that fertility had not declined to the extent believed.

Fertility Estimation Using the Own Children Method in South Sulawesi Province in 2021

The unavailability of data regarding current fertility conditions complicates the photograph population conditions, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic in South Sulawesi Province. This study aims to produce an estimate of the fertility rate at the district/city level in South Sulawesi Province. Based on the available supporting data, an estimation of the fertility rate in the form of the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) was made using the indirect method, namely the own children method. The calculation is based on the number of women of childbearing age who have ever married and the number of children under five owned by the woman to get the birth rate. Based on these calculations, the results show that all districts/cities in South Sulawesi Province have TFR above the national level. When viewed by region, on the average, districts/cities in the northern part have a higher TFR than districts/cities in the southern part of South Sulawesi Province. With the fertility rate obtained and its distribution, a guideline for the government to formulate appropriate plans and policies is expected as the outcome.

Use of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Methods in Children: Is It Effective and Safe?

Use of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Methods in Children: Is It Effective and Safe?

An Alternative Urinary Tract Irrigation Method in Children with Fungal Urinary Tract Infections

An Alternative Urinary Tract Irrigation Method in Children with Fungal Urinary Tract Infections

Alternative Medicine Methods in Children with Cancer: Evaluation of Parents’ Views and Knowledge

Alternative Medicine Methods in Children with Cancer: Evaluation of Parents’ Views and Knowledge

Impact Online Learning on Students' Learning Ability in the Time of Covid 19 in Kelurahan Pabatu Kecamatan Padang Hulu Kota Tebing Tinggi

The coronavirus forces us to keep our distance and stay away from crowds which has an impact on children's learning methods. Furthermore, the government gives an appeal to do promotions at home or on the web. Web-based learning will find that is completed online by utilizing a web network where web-based learning affects student profits in learning. Students' interest in learning at the beginning of covid in 2019 - 2020 children did not have interest in learning, but once face-to-face 50% of students' interest in learning slowly increased and after 100% face-to-face it was much different from the time of covid compared to the period before covid which greatly decreased. This study aims to determine the effect of web-based learning on learning abilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Kelurahan Pabatu, Kecamatan Padang Hulu, Kota Tebing Tinggi. This exploration uses subjective examination with an interview, perception, and documentation techniques. The results of the study show that the impact of learning on students during online learning is the decline in children's learning abilities and some even cannot read and count in grade 3.

Investigation of DEL22 Frequency with Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Method in Children with Conotruncal Heart Anomaly

Objective: Conotruncal heart defects represent 10%-15% of congenital heart diseases and mostly include tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, truncus arteriosus, and interrupted aortic arch. Methods: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of 22q11.2 deletion (Del22) with fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis among children followed with conotruncal heart defects. In 104 cases with conotruncal heart defects, the 22q11.2 region was screened for deletion through the fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis using a probe specific to this region. Results: The fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis performed in patients with conotruncal heart defects showed that Del22 was present in 3 cases in Group I (70 pts) with isolated cardiopathy (4.3%), 2 cases in Group II (29 pts) with cardiopathy+dysmorphism (6.9%), 2 cases in Group III (2 pts) with cardiopathy+immunodeficiency+dysmorphism (100%), and 1 case in Group IV (3 pts) with cardiopathy+immunodeficiency (33.3%) (P < .05). Eight (7.5%) of 104 patients with conotruncal heart defects were found to have Del22. Conclusions: The results obtained from the present study are compatible with the literature. The clinical manifestation of Del22 is extremely variable. With additional abnormalities such as immunodeficiency and dysmorphic features, Del22 positivity was increasing statistically.

A review of using digital game-based learning for preschoolers

In recent years, the use of digital game-based learning (DGBL) in the early childhood learning process has been growing. Recent research shows that DGBL has the potential to create new forms of childhood learning, it is not yet clear how applications can affect young students' learning. There are also not sufficient studies to analyze the significant features of DGBL in this area in early childhood. Therefore, to better understand the impact on childhood DGBL education, this article reviews the systematic literature. This review analyzes 37 articles in this area. In this paper, PRISMA's principles analysis of studies on the characteristics of DGBL technology has been used. The classification focuses on four areas: the objectives of current studies, the impact of technology use on children's learning, learning theories, and assessment methods in DGBL applications. The results of this study show that the use of DGBL can have an active effect on strengthening thinking skills and learning in childhood. This article examines the evolution of this evolving technology, the challenges, and issues posed by DGBL, and discusses how it can be useful for younger students to learn and do more research. This study provides insight for researchers, game designers, and developers in the field of DGBL.

Methods of Children’s Punishment in the Nso Socio-Cultural Community: North-West Region, Cameroon

Objective: The main objective of this article is to Investigate the methods used to punish children who engage in unacceptable behaviors and practices in the Nso community. Method: The methodology for this research was informed by the interpretative or constructivist paradigm. The qualitative methodology for this study was ethnography given that the aim was to describe the cultural factors that underpin the beliefs and practices related to the methods of punishing children in the Banso community. Data collection methods were ethnographic techniques that included observation, in-depth interviews, focus groups discussions, informal conversation, life histories and visual images. Direct and participant observations were used in the collection of data on punishment methods for children. Direct observations were also used to focus on child raising practices and education initiatives for children. Attention was focused on punishment practice traditional methods, the behaviour of children and parents in various contexts. Results: This article presents the sociocultural nomination of crimes in Nso community and the different customary punishments methods. Finally, the consequences of society’s perceptions and impressions on traditional methods of punishment play a major role. From the preceding analysis, it is noticed that the Nso ethnic community is doing everything at its level to preserve their traditional methods of punishing children likewise western prescriptions that do well to kick against corporal punishment. This fact results in an almost endless variety of acts and characteristics qualifying as deviant depending on conditions and circumstances. Debates over prostitution, gambling, nudism, cheating and medical quackery, arise from conflicts between norms about such acts. Just as some people consider some acts as deviant, others also become so classified. Social types perceived by some as deviants include reckless drivers, pacifists, racists, “hippie” radicals, ...

Intestinal Flora Composition and Exploration of New Therapeutic Methods in Children with Autism

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication impairments, narrow range of interests or activities, and repetitive behaviors. Early diagnosis and early intervention can achieve better prognostic effects. Many studies have shown that the occurrence and development of ASD is closely related to intestinal flora disorder, which leads to an extremely increased probability of gastrointestinal symptoms in autism children. In addition, intestinal flora disorder in early life may pose a certain threat for infants, including early colonization of microorganisms and early antibiotic administration. Meanwhile, intestinal flora disorder in autistic children also change short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, neurotransmitters in blood. This review focuses on the above points and the possible new methods for the treatment of ASD, expecting to provide new ideas for the treatment of autistic children in addition to behavioral intervention.

Unnecessary caesarean section delivery in rural China: exploration of relationships with full-term gestational age and early childhood development.

Gestational age at delivery is reportedly associated with cognitive and non-cognitive development in early childhood. Delivery at an earlier full-term gestational age has been associated with an increased rate of caesarean section (C-section) delivery; the high rate of C-section delivery in China implies that the rate of medically unnecessary C-section delivery is also high. This study investigated the relationships of medically unnecessary C-section delivery with full-term gestational age and early childhood development in rural China. We conducted a survey of 2765 children (aged 5-24 months) who resided in 22 national designated poverty counties. Primary caregivers were interviewed to collect information regarding child and household characteristics (including the child's gestational age), each child's delivery method, and reasons for C-section delivery (if applicable). The children were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Developmental outcomes were compared among gestational age-groups; regression analyses were used to assess relationships among medically unnecessary C-section delivery, gestational age, and developmental outcomes. Overall, 56.2% of children were born at ≤39 weeks of gestation. Among C-section deliveries, 13.1% were medically necessary and >40% could clearly be classified as medically unnecessary. Repeat C-section was the most common reason given for medically unnecessary C-section delivery. For each 1-week increase in full-term gestational age, cognition scale scores increased by 0.62 points (P<0.01), language scale scores increased by 0.84 points (P<0.01), and motor scale scores increased by 0.55 points (P<0.05). Medically unnecessary Csection delivery was significantly associated with lower full-term gestational age. Higher full-term gestational age was significantly associated with better childhood developmental outcomes, indicating that medically unnecessary C-section delivery may negatively influence early childhood development.

CHILDREN EDUCATION IN THE BOOK OF TARBIYATUL AULAD FIL ISLAM BASED ON ABDULLAH NASHIH ULWAN'S AND PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION PERSPECTIVES

The purpose of this study is to determine the concept of children's education in the Book of Tarbiyatul Aulad Fil Islam which includes the basics of children's education according to Abdullah Nashih Ulwan, the goals of children's education, materials and methods of children's education according to Abdullah Nashih Ulwan. This research method uses a qualitative approach and the type of research used is library research. While in data collection the author uses the method of documentation. In analyzing the data the author uses qualitative data analysis type, then the data analysis that the author uses is a descriptive method. The results showed that the concept of Children's Education according to Abdullah Nashih Ulwan includes Basic Education which includes the Principles of Bonding in the form of Akidah and Spiritual Ties which emphasizes the balance between individual needs and community needs. The materials for Children's Education include: Nurturing the Noble Psyche, Maintaining the Rights of Others, Maintaining Supervision and Criticism of Children's Education Methods by Using Education by Example, Education with Customs, Education with Advice, Education with Attention/Supervision, and Education with Punishment.

The Role of Age in Delays to Rheumatological Care in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

To investigate the relationship between age and symptom duration at initial presentation to pediatric rheumatology for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In children and young people (CYP) enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis Prospective Study prior to March 2018, an association between age at presentation (&lt; 5, 5-11, and &gt; 11 yrs) and symptom duration was tested by multivariable linear regression. In 1577 CYP, 5- to 11-year-olds took 3.2 months longer and &gt; 11-year-olds 6.9 months longer to reach pediatric rheumatology than &lt; 5-year-olds. Adolescents take longer to reach pediatric rheumatology, potentially affecting their longer-term outcomes given the window of opportunity for JIA treatment.

URGENSI KETERLIBATAN ORANG TUA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING ANAK DITINJAU DARI FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ANAK IBNU SINA

This policy of limited face-to-face meetings (PTM) indicates that 50% of students have been allowed to study in schools, while the rest still hold learning at home. Thus, the presence of parents in assisting children's education is very important, especially when learning online at home during the covid 19 pandemic. Social mobility, increasing and enriching scientific information are very necessary for parents because they assist their children for 24 hours in educating and teaching science and morals. This research applied library research. Secondary data was a data collection technique used in this study classified indirectly to the object of study. Secondary data sources were obtained from national and international journals related to distance learning during the covid-19 pandemic and children's moral education according to Ibnu Sina. Technique of data analysis was carried out through four stages encompassing data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusions. According to Ibnu Sina’s perspective in educating children, parents must understand the purpose of educating children, the children's education curriculum, children's learning processes, children's learning methods. If the sequence is understood and done as well as possible, it will be easy to educate and teach children in any condition, including during covid pandemic period.

Comparison of Visual Acuity Results Between ATS-HOTV and E-ETDRS Testing Methods in Children With Optic Pathway Gliomas.

PurposeTo determine if visual acuity (VA) outcomes are comparable using the amblyopia treatment study HOTV protocol (ATS-HOTV) and electronic Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (E-ETDRS) protocol in children with optic pathway gliomas (OPGs).MethodsChildren enrolled in a prospective study of OPGs were eligible if they completed both the ATS-HOTV and E-ETDRS during the same visit. The contribution of age, testing order, having neurofibromatosis type 1, visual field loss, and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness to VA difference were assessed using generalized estimating equations to account for the intereye correlation.ResultsForty-eight children (median age, 10.3 years; range, 5.2–17.1 years; 49% female) met inclusion criteria and contributed 93 study eyes at their initial visit. Eleven patients (22 eyes) had more than one study visit, permitting longitudinal evaluation. ATS-HOTV measures of VA were higher than E-ETDRS at the initial (0.13 ± 0.36 vs. 0.23 ± 0.39 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR], P < 0.001) and all visits (0.13 ± 0.34 vs. 0.21 ± 0.36 logMAR, P < 0.001). VA remained significantly higher with ATS-HOTV regardless of test order, but the mean difference between tests was most profound when tested with ATS-HOTV first compared to E-ETDRS first (P < 0.001).ConclusionsVA results differ significantly between the ATS-HOTV and E-ETDRS testing methods in children with OPGs. Given the wide range of ages and testing ability of children, one VA testing method should be used throughout longitudinal OPG clinical trials.Translational RelevanceIt is imperative that age-appropriate VA testing methods are standardized across all pediatric OPG clinical trials.

Attitude and Knowledge of Occupational Therapists and Physiotherapists Towards the Use of Research-Based Methods in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Background. More and more alternative treatments and therapies are emerging, so it is very important for professionals not only not to get lost in their abundance, but also to choose the right methods.&#x0D; Aim. To find out the attitude of occupational therapists and physiotherapists towards the evidence-based therapeutic methods in rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.&#x0D; Methods. 73 rehabilitation specialists participated in this study, 30 of them were occupational therapists and 43 were physiotherapists and filled in the questionnaire. Respondents answered about the attitude and knowledge towards the evidence-based therapeutic methods in rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.&#x0D; Results. 97.3% respondents answered that they use evidence-based practice methods in their work. The number of scientific articles read per month in the range from 0 to 5 articles was chosen by 71.2% respondents, from 6 and more articles – 28,8% respondents. The interface between the number of articles read per month by occupational therapists was directly and moderately strongly related to work experience (r=0.555; p=0.001). The education of occupational therapists and physiotherapists was weakly related to the frequency with which they used evidence-based methods in their work (r=0.374; p=0.042; r=0.476; p=0.001).&#x0D; Conclusions. The study revealed that rehabilitation specialists apply evidence-based practice methods in their work. It can be argued that the higher the level of education a rehabilitation specialist has, the more they value evidence-based practices and apply them in their work.&#x0D; Keywords: cerebral palsy, methods of children rehabilitation, evidence-based practise.

The Range of Physical Rehabilitation Methods in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Aim: To analyze the modern national and foreign literature on up to date methods of physical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods: The study used bibliosemantic analysis of physical rehabilitation methods in children with cerebral palsy in ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases. Inclusion criteria: (1) physical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy, (2) methods of physical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. If the expected criterion was found, the full text was reviewed. Conclusions: The bibliosemantic review of literature sources indicated that a large set of new methods are used in the physical rehabilitation of children with CP. In general, a larger percentage of authors indicated the effectiveness of the methods of therapeutic physical exercising, rehabilitation massage, dosed proprioceptive correction, sensory inegration, Vojta-Therapy, kinesiotherapy and kinesiotaping in the physical rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy.

Improving Speaking Ability Through Picture Card Assisted Storytelling Method For Children 5-6 Years Old In Kindergarten

This study aims to improve the speaking ability of children aged 5-6 years in Mutiara Hati Krian Sidoarjo Kindergarten through storytelling method assisted by picture card media. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out in two cycles with three meetings in each cycle. The data collection technique used is descriptive quantitative and descriptive qualitative. The indicator of success in this study is if the average value of children's speaking ability through storytelling method assisted by picture card media has reached the very well developed criteria (BSB) with a percentage of 75%-100%. The results of this study indicate an increase in children's speaking skills through storytelling methods assisted by picture card media at Mutiara Hati Krian Sidoarjo Kindergarten gradually from pre-cycle, first cycle and second cycle. This is evidenced by the increase in the average speaking ability of children in the pre-cycle by 33%, increasing to 58% in the first cycle of action and reaching 92% in the second cycle of action. The results of this study are expected to provide information to institutions that handle early childhood or the general public who need information about the application of picture card-assisted storytelling methods to improve speaking skills in children aged 5-6 years. Keywords - Speaking Ability, Storytelling Method, Cards Picture