Prototyping Method Research Articles

The Expert System Application to Diagnose Computer Damage Using UML Model (Unified Modeling Language)

The expert system application are developed in line with the existence of information technology. The development of expert systems aims to be a means of assistance to provide solutions in our lives. This expert system can help technicians get solutions quickly and can save time. Expert systems use computer technology to integrate, manipulate and display information or characteristics. Expert systems can also help in making better solutions. With the very rapid technological advances today, an idea or idea has emerged from the author to try to implement one of the expert system application programs into the quality of service activities of computer technicians. The author tries to build an application that will help to facilitate the provision of solutions to computer damage to hardware so that it can make it easier for users or technicians to get solutions quickly. The system to be created is "Designing an Expert System for Diagnosing Computer Problems Using Visual Basic" This system will use the prototype method and tools for modeling using UML (Unified Modeling Language). This system is built using the Visual Basic 6.0 application to process the Microsoft Access database.

Perancangan User Interface Sistem Tata Kerja PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional Refinery Unit III

The evolution of information technology increasingly exerts significant influence across various life domains, including the business field. With this development, numerous companies and institutions are transitioning from manual systems to computerized systems. A prime example is PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit III, which possesses an integrated system enabling comprehensive corporate operational management. However, in reality, the Sistem Tata Kerja (STK) design remains non-computerized, still utilizing physical documents involving traditional procedural actions such as document creation, numbering, and authorization signatures by authorized leadership. Consequently, this frequently generates challenges, particularly during urgent document signature situations where leadership cannot be replaced by others. The research objective is to design a STK user interface utilizing Figma through prototyping method. The method used is prototyping, which consists of several stages, starting from Requirement Gathering and Analysis to the final stage, Implement Product and Maintain. The evaluation was conducted using the usability testing method with a tool called Maze. Based on the results, a score of 90 was obtained, indicating that the user interface is categorized into the high category. This demonstrates that the designed user interface can meet user needs while providing an efficient and user-friendly experience.

A comparative study on mechanical properties of PLA, PETG, and carbon fiber prepared by fused deposition modeling

3D printing technology is a highly promising fast prototyping method. It is a technology that is rapidly being utilized for mass customization and manufacture of open-source designs in industries such as agriculture, healthcare, automobile, locomotive, aviation, and others. FDM is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology that creates a 3D physical object directly from a computer-assisted design (CAD) model by layering the feedstock, which is polymer filament material ejected through a nozzle. The test samples were made using Olivetti S2 3D printer and according to standard testing sizes like ASTM D638, ASTM D790, and ASTM D256. Mechanical properties: Three distinct materials, polylactic acid (PLA), carbon fiber-reinforced PLA, and carbon fiber-reinforced polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) are evaluated through tensile test, flexural test, and impact test by varying the process parameters such as feed rate and infill pattern. PLA is a popular biodegradable biopolymer known for its high biocompatibility and sustainability. PETG material is a kind of chemical utilized in a variety of industrial processes due to its great durability, impact strength, and outstanding formability. It is preferred over various filaments because of its superior layer adherence and odorlessness. Carbon fiber-reinforced filament enhances structural components by providing high modulus, good surface finish, dimensional stability, and lightweight properties. This study revealed that at lower print speeds tensile strength in PLA has increased, especially with line infill parallel to the load. Conversely, at higher speeds weakened PETG-CF with triangular infill. PLA also showed superior flexural properties at lower speeds with line infill.

Pengembangan Sistem Klasifikasi Diagnosa Medis Menggunakan Progressive Web Application Terintegrasi Machine Learning

This research aims to present a solution that not only improves efficiency in coding medical diagnoses, but also ensures high accuracy at various levels of case complexity. The classification of medical diagnoses is a crucial aspect of health information management, particularly in coding diagnoses into the ICD-10 and ICD-9CM standards. A Progressive Web Application (PWA) has been developed to automate this process, leveraging Machine Learning technology with the Sentence Transformer model architecture "paraphrase-multilingual-mpnet-base-v2." The application development follows a prototyping method, enabling an iterative process focused on user needs and delivering an effective and efficient solution. The application incorporates key PWA features such as offline access, push notifications, and installation as a standalone application on user devices. The backend is built using Flask to handle medical diagnosis input and generate classification predictions through integration with the machine learning model. Meanwhile, the frontend utilizes React.js to provide a responsive and user-friendly interface. Testing results indicate that the application delivers highly accurate diagnosis classifications, even for complex cases. With its features and capabilities, this application has the potential to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of medical diagnosis coding processes in healthcare facilities.

Features and Limitations of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) in Obtaining Textile-like Structures

In contemporary production processes and customisation, 3D printing has emerged as a prominent method for prototyping. It offers flexibility to create objects of diverse shapes, structures, sizes and materials. However, integrating this technology into the textile industry to achieve textile-like structures poses challenges. The fused deposition modelling (FDM) method is currently the closest approach to prototyping such structures due to its ability to extrude monofilaments resembling traditional threads. Regrettably, attempts to produce structures with properties akin to textiles, including flexibility, durability, breathability, lightness and fineness, have been unsuccessful due to various limitations inherent in the technical setups of 3D printers. This study analyses the key features of FDM printing that determine the feasibility of achieving authentic textile-like printed structures while clarifying the underlying logic behind their future purpose. Our aim was to assist future researchers in achieving the production of thin 3D-printed fibres (diameter ~0.1 mm) regardless of structure type.

Perancangan Sistem E-Commerce untuk Transaksi Hasil Laut Berbasis Website

The Muara Baru Modern Fish Market, a fisheries business center, faces challenges due to the absence of an online system. Currently, customers must visit the store for purchases, and sellers cannot update product information or process transactions online. Additionally, sales reports are manually recorded using paper or books, affecting business efficiency. To address these issues, a study proposes the design of an e-commerce system using PHP programming and the prototyping method. Black Box Testing will be employed for evaluation. Data collection involves observations, interviews, and literature studies. The envisioned e-commerce system will enable customers to access real-time product information, place orders, and make online payments, streamlining the buying process. This website-based seafood transaction system is expected to enhance customer convenience and operational efficiency, providing a robust solution for Muara Baru Modern Fish Market to thrive in the digital era.

Early Flood Detection with SIMOBI: IoT and Mobile Integration

Tangerang Regency as a city of a thousand industries as well as a buffer for the capital city, is densely populated and often experiences flooding every rainy season. Losses from flood disasters can cause damage and disruption of economic activities and even loss of life. Efforts to minimize losses and loss of life due to flood disasters with early detection tools through the Flood Monitoring Application (SIMOBI). The purpose of creating SIMOBI for early detection of floods so that damage, disruption of economic activities and loss of life can be minimized. This research is a system development to find solutions for early flood detection in Tangerang Regency using the Prototype method and the system results are validated through Black Box Testing. This system is designed using the IoT (Internet of Things) principle which uses an internet network to connect the NodeMCU ESP 8266 microprocessor device with sensor and actuator devices. The NodeMCU ESP 8266 microprocessor to read water level data provided by the Ultrasonic sensor then sends data using the internet to a Smartphone with software that has been created to provide flood indication notifications. In addition to notifications from the Smartphone, a buzzer or siren is used to make a sound if there is an indication of flooding. The system works automatically if the water level exceeds the normal limit at the location and will send a notification via Smartphone and voice. This system is implemented in various flood-prone areas in Tangerang Regency such as Balaraja, Pasar Kemis, Cikupa, Curug, Cisoka, Gunung Kaler, Kelapa Dua, Jayanti, and Jambe.

Investigations on the effect of vapor smoothing process in trichloromethane (chloroform) on the surface characteristics, mechanical properties and chemical structure of 3D printed Poly-Lactic-Acid (PLA)

Abstract 3D printing has become a prominent method for prototyping and manufacturing intricate geometric components. However, the inherent staircase effect often leaves 3D printed parts with suboptimal surface smoothness. To address this issue, post-processing techniques like vapor smoothing, involving the use of trichloromethane (chloroform) vapors, are employed. This paper presents experimental investigations on 3D printed PLA parts subjected to vapor smoothing, with a focus on varying the process time. Experimental determinations of elongation, tensile strength, and surface finish provide insights into the influence of process time on these critical features of 3D printed PLA components. The selection of an optimal process time emerges as a crucial factor in achieving a harmonious balance between surface characteristics and mechanical properties. The novelty of this research lies in establishing correlations between changes in PLA elongation, tensile strength, and surface finish post-vapor smoothing and the corresponding alterations in the chemical structure of PLA. The study reveals the synergistic physical and chemical interactions between chloroform vapors and PLA structure that result in enhanced surface finish. Simultaneously, the process time is identified as a key determinant governing the extent of changes in mechanical properties. Consequently, this work aims to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the observed combination of properties and surface characteristics through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis concerning vapor smoothing process time.

Implementasi Sistem Informasi Penjualan Kue Menggunakan Framework Codeigniter Dengan Pendekatan Metode Prototype

This research is motivated by the need for cake business owners to efficiently manage sales and ordering transactions. Manual systems often lead to data inaccuracies and lengthy processing times, necessitating a technology-based solution. This study aims to develop a web-based cake sales information system using the CodeIgniter framework and the prototype method. This method allows researchers to interact directly with users, gather feedback, and refine the system according to evolving needs. The data used includes sales transaction data, cake orders, and product information from cake business owners. System development involves several stages, including requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and testing based on user input. The results of this research indicate that the web-based cake sales information system improves the efficiency of the sales process, minimizes recording errors, and facilitates information access for users. In conclusion, this system is effective in supporting cake sales management and can be relied upon to expedite customer service.

Penerapan Aplikasi Mobile E-Card Employee Menggunakan Ionic Framework (Studi Kasus : PT. Darma Henwa, Tbk- Acp)

PT. Darma Henwa, Tbk-ACP is a mining contractor company with various departments, including the Management Information System (MIS). Employee ID card data collection and verification are currently manual using Microsoft Excel, causing data to be disorganized and difficult to access. This research develops the "E-Card Employee" application for Android using the prototyping method and the Ionic Framework, with data modeling through ERD and DFD. The results show that this application facilitates employee data management, increases efficiency, and provides a digital solution for ID cards that can be used if the physical ID card is lost or left behind.

The Design of a Good Data Processing App Applying QR Code

Designing a good data processing application using QR Codes aims to increase efficiency and accuracy in data management. QR codes are a fast and easy technology for storing and scanning data, allowing users to quickly access information without entering data manually. This application is designed for various purposes, such as inventory, time and attendance management, and document tracking. The application design process includes user needs analysis, interface design, back-end development, and integration with QR code technology. The prototype method is used during the system development stage. The programming language used is a hypertext preprocessor with a MySQL database, and a framework is used to ensure that the application behaves as expected and can provide effective solutions in data processing. The results of this design are expected to significantly contribute to operational efficiency, reduce human error in data entry, and increase the speed of accessing and managing information. Apart from that, implementing QR codes in data processing applications is hoped to be widely used in various industries and business fields.

Adaptive generic prototype network with geodesic distance for cross-domain few-shot fault diagnosis

Since the fault samples of equipment are limited and the working condition is often variable, it is valuable for researching the cross-domain few-shot fault diagnosis method to assure the safe operation of various machines. As the well-known few-shot classification approaches, the traditional prototype networks are difficult to process the complex sample distributions caused by variable operating condition data and the substantial distributional discrepancies between different machines, which seriously affects the accuracy of cross-domain fault diagnosis. To address these issues, this study proposes a new adaptive geodesic prototype network (AGPN), which can extract the category prototypes with enhanced adaptability and generalization capabilities. Firstly, a geodesic distance-driven learning strategy is developed to better measure the distance between complex samples in the embedding space. Secondly, an adaptive area prototype with a dynamic expansion coefficient is proposed, which allows for more flexible representation of different data categories. Furthermore, an adaptive momentum prototype method is put forward via a model-agnostic adaptive momentum factor, which can reduce the prototype oscillation during training and maximize the learning ability of model. The proposed AGPN is successfully applied to fault diagnosis across bearings with different operating conditions. Compared with the existing few-shot diagnosis methods, the proposed method possesses higher diagnostic accuracy and training stability, thus it is more suitable for cross-domain few-shot fault diagnosis.

Analysis of New Student Admission Application for Bina Warga High School in Palembang

The manual admission process at Bina Warga 2 High School Palembang poses significant challenges, including inefficiencies in registration, limited accessibility for prospective students, and increased administrative workload. To address these issues, this study analyses the requirements for an online student admission system designed to streamline registration, facilitate efficient report generation, and serve as a promotional platform for the school. By adopting the Prototyping method for system development, the process ensures active collaboration between developers and stakeholders, enabling iterative refinement based on user feedback. The proposed system eliminates the need for prospective students to visit the school physically, thereby enhancing accessibility and scalability. Furthermore, it automates administrative tasks, reducing manual effort and improving overall efficiency. This analysis highlights the potential of an online admission system to transform the registration process, expand the school’s outreach, and establish a robust digital presence for future growth.

Prototypical class-wise test-time adaptation

Test-time adaptation (TTA) refines pre-trained models during deployment, enabling them to effectively manage new, previously unseen data. However, existing TTA methods focus mainly on global domain alignment, which reduces domain-level gaps but often leads to suboptimal performance. This is because they fail to explicitly consider class-wise alignment, resulting in errors when reliable pseudo-labels are unavailable and source domain samples are inaccessible. In this study, we propose a prototypical class-wise test-time adaptation method, which consists of class-wise prototype adaptation and reliable pseudo-labeling. A main challenge in this approach is the lack of direct access to source domain samples. We leverage the class-specific knowledge contained in the weights of the pre-trained model. To construct class prototypes from the unlabeled target domain, we further introduce a methodology to enhance the reliability of pseudo labels. Our method is adaptable to various models and has been extensively validated, consistently outperforming baselines across multiple benchmark datasets.

Visualisasi Data Penjualan PT XYZ Dengan Tableau

In a competitive business environment, Company XYZ faced challenges in efficiently managing and analyzing sales data. To address this issue, this study developed an interactive dashboard that simplifies data visualization through prototyping methods, using the Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) process with Google Colab and Python, and final visualization using Tableau. The goal was to speed up and clarify the decision-making process by presenting sales data in various visual formats such as graphs, charts, and maps. The author faced several significant challenges including integrating inconsistent data from various sources, gaining a deep understanding of user needs, overcoming technological limitations, designing an intuitive user interface, and the necessity for comprehensive testing to ensure system reliability. As a result, this dashboard enhanced operational efficiency and data analysis quality at Company XYZ, enabling quicker responses to market dynamics and improving the company’s competitiveness. With this dashboard, Company XYZ has been able to minimize data analysis time while enhancing accuracy in their business and operational strategies.

Exploration of an intrinsically explainable self-attention based model for prototype generation on single-channel EEG sleep stage classification

Prototype-based methods in deep learning offer interpretable explanations for decisions by comparing inputs to typical representatives in the data. This study explores the adaptation of SESM, a self-attention-based prototype method successful in electrocardiogram (ECG) tasks, for electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The architecture is evaluated on sleep stage classification, exploring its efficacy in predicting stages with single-channel EEG. The model achieves comparable test accuracy compared to EEGNet, a state-of-the-art black-box architecture for EEG classification. The generated prototypical components are exaimed qualitatively and using the area over the perterbation curve (AOPC) indicate some alignment with expected bio-markers for different sleep stages such as alpha spindles and slow waves in non-REM sleep, but the results are severely limited by the model’s ability to only extract and present information in the time-domain. Ablation studies are used to explore the impact of kernel size, number of heads, and diversity threshold on model performance and explainability. This study represents the first application of a self-attention based prototype method to EEG data and provides a step forward in explainable AI for EEG data analysis.

Smart Hydroponics Innovation: Blyink IoT Application for Sustainable Food Security

The rapid development of technology has a significant impact on various fields, one of which is technology in agriculture. The use of technology in agriculture, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), aims to make it easier for farmers to monitor, manage and carry out agricultural activities. The solution for farmers to utilize technology in monitoring agricultural land to get more effective and efficient harvests so that they can increase productivity and yields is by using IoT technology. The application of IoT technology in hydroponic farming systems can be done to determine the parts per million (ppm) content in water and water levels in real-time. The method used in this community service is socialization and training for farmers in Medalkrisna Village, as well as testing using the prototyping method connected to the Blynk application. This tool allows farmers to monitor parts per million of water and water levels online and makes it easier for farmers to monitor. The managerial implications of implementing Blyink’s Internet of Things-based hydroponic system to improve food security include increasing the efficiency of resource management and optimizing agricultural production.

‘We didn't need to know about everything all at once’

Tertiary student engagement with information and academic literacy online resources provided by centralized units is low. Although these resources are designed to prepare students for their assessments, they are often positioned peripherally to students’ learning environments. In attempting to position resources within students’ learning environments, our Library team conduct regular user experience (UX) testing of a course we have designed in our institution’s learning management system. Our two-year UX project has focused on the design and organization of resources that show students examples and guidance with how to do their assessments. Over two rounds of data collection and analysis, UX methods of usability testing, card sorting, low-fidelity wireframing, and high-fidelity prototyping helped identify student preferences for organising and accessing our resources. Findings indicate that students value the provision of relevant examples and guidance that show them what is expected in assessments and that they want direct access to that content as part of their courses. Implications for design include maximizing ease of use by positioning links to relevant examples and guidance in the assessment instructions and/or specific learning materials of courses, with the content being linked to positioned within a centralized repository in the same online learning environment.

Analisis Pengembangan Sistem Layanan Masyarakat Untuk Pengelolaan Iuran Warga Secara Terintegrasi

Neighborhood Association (RT) is the smallest governance system in Indonesia that plays a vital role in population administration and conveying community aspirations to the government. However, the limitations of time and the availability of the RT Chairman often result in administrative services being slow, inefficient, and less responsive to the needs of the residents. Therefore, innovation in the management of administration at the RT level is needed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of services. This research aims to design and develop a web-based information system that can assist the RT Chairman in managing population data and resident fee payments in a more systematic and organized manner. Currently, fee payments are done manually, with information conveyed through WhatsApp groups, which often causes confusion and difficulties in monitoring payment status. With this information system, residents can independently and transparently monitor their fee payment status and quickly access relevant information. The development of this system uses the Prototyping method, and testing is conducted through white box testing on three main functionalities. The test results show that all paths can be navigated well, although there are warnings when accessed through older browser versions. With this system, it is hoped that RT services will be more efficient, transparent, and easily accessible to residents. This system helps the neighborhood association manage finances and contributions efficiently.

Perancangan E-Monitoring Laporan Polisi Menggunakan Metode Prototype pada Polsek Semendawai Suku III

The system for receiving police reports at the Semendawai Tribe III Police is currently still done manually by typing them in Microsoft Word which are then printed and stored in hard copy in the criminal investigation room. Storing files in hard copy form results in files piling up, being scattered, being tucked away, as well as the potential for losing files or having difficulty finding files when they are needed again. Apart from that, police report files in softcopy form are sometimes accidentally deleted, not copied, and immediately overwritten with a new police report, resulting in data loss that cannot be recovered. Therefore, this research aims to design electronic monitoring of police reports using a prototype method that allows gradual development of the system based on input from users. The electronic monitoring design was carried out in several stages, starting with the creation of a report recording module, followed by a combination of report status monitoring features, and ending with the implementation of automatic backup. Each stage is tested and evaluated separately to ensure optimal quality and usability. The research results show that this system is able to increase the efficiency of report management, can minimize the risk of data loss, and makes it easier for Sector Police personnel to monitor the progress of reports. With automatic backup, report data is stored safely and can be accessed at any time. It is hoped that this research can be an innovative solution for Sector Police in digitalizing administrative processes, as well as providing a basis for further development in the future.