Method For Determination Of Zinc Research Articles

Determination of Zn2+ in Solid Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by Means of Spectrophotometry in Micellar Media: Method Validation

In this study, a spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of zinc in a dietary supplement was validated. Zinc forms a ternary complex with Xylenol Orange and cetylpyridinium chloride in acetate buffer at pH = 5.5. The complex exhibits an absorption maximum at 560 nm. Linearity (range was 0.5–1.5 µg/mL, and correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was 0.9998), precision (repeatability variation coefficient and reproducibility variation coefficient were 1.57% and 1.77%, respectively), and accuracy (confidence interval of the mean recovery was 98.29–100.55%) of this method fulfil current pharmacopeial requests. Results obtained by spectrophotometric method were statistically compared with ones obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry and good agreement was found. The method can be applied routinely for quality control of solid pharmaceutical dosage forms containing zinc.

Novel method for determination of Zinc in some pharmaceutics using new prepared reagent of methyl phenol

This work studied the amalgamation and portrayal of another Azo-Schiff base ligand and its utilization of zinc in certain medications. Azo 2-(E)- (1H-benzo[d]Imidazol-2-yl)diazenyl)- 5-((E)- (4-Chlorophenylimino)methyl)phenol.(BIACMebp) has been incorporated after the closely resembling system and Al-Adilee et.al., with some adjustment in a two-venture measure, in the initial step, 2-Amino benzimidazole (1.33 g) was blended in with hydrochloric corrosive 3ml In (thirty mL) refined water and diazotized under 5 °C with sodium nitrite NaNO2 (0.75 gm,0.01mol, broke up in 20 ml refined water) was included drops, and in the next step the diazonium chloride compound is then combined with 3-(4-Chlorobenzylideneamino)phenol(CBAP) (2.31 gm,0.01 mol), disintegrated in combination from 60 ml ethanol and 18 ml sodium hydroxide(5%) Pour the blend for 1 hour at a temperature of 5-0 m. The readied azo where inspected by various phantom procedure in wording, C.H.N natural investigations, metal substance, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR and mass spectra contemplates. The metal ligand proportion (M:L) in alcoholic watery arrangements controlled by mole proportion methodand it demonstrates 1:1 for the complex. Additionally, the strength constants for the complex with zinc has been determined frightfully by UV-Vis technique. All outcomes show this complex has high strength. The systematic applications have been achieved in medication (zinc sulfat) for several companies (zincodin (Aktive) 25 mg, Zinc (Kontam) 35 mg, Zinc Sulfate (Jink.) 20 mg.

The ICP-OES method for determination of zinc in Enchytraeus crypticus and agarose gel from ecotoxicological tests

A simple ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) method for determination of zinc in Enchytraeus crypticus and agarose gel samples from ecotoxicological tests is proposed. The E. crypticus individuals are separated, water washed, wet weighed and dissolved in tetramethylammonium hydroxide. The gel is digested in HNO3. The method (limit of detection in mg kg−1: 0.90 for E. crypticus bulk biomass, 14 for one E. crypticus worm and 0.0018 for gel) was employed in the evaluation of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) compared to ZnCl2: bioaccumulation factors were 57–180 for ZnCl2 and 23–65 for ZnO-NPs.

An Enzymatic Method for Zinc Determination in Wastewater

Aims: In this study, an enzymatic zinc determination method was based on the r egaining of the activity of apo carbonic anhydrase by the zinc is presented in the sample. Study Design:This method determines the amount ofzincin the waste waterofthe environment canbe used in orderto find outhow much contaminated.For this purpose, wastewater from seven different areas and three drinking waters in Erzurum were taken and zinc concentrations were determined . Methodology: Carbonic anhydrase was purified by Sepharose-4B-L tyrosine sulphanilamidaffinity chromatography from bovine erythrocytes. The zinc in this structure was removed by dialysis against dipicolinic acid resulting in apo carbonic anhydrase obtained at a ratio of 100%. The activity of the enzyme was determined by the esterase activity on p -nitrophenylacetate. For comparison purposes, the same samples were analyzed in an atomic absorption (AAS). Results: When we compared the results of the AA and the enzymatic method, we Original ResearchArticle

Use of constrained mixture design for optimization of method for determination of zinc and manganese in tea leaves employing slurry sampling

A slurry suspension sampling technique has been developed for manganese and zinc determination in tea leaves by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The proportions of liquid-phase of the slurries composed by HCl, HNO 3 and Triton X-100 solutions have been optimized applying a constrained mixture design. The optimized conditions were 200 mg of sample ground in a tungsten carbide balls mill (particle size < 100 μm), dilution in a liquid-phase composed by 2.0 mol L −1 nitric, 2.0 mol L −1 hydrochloric acid and 2.5% Triton X-100 solutions (in the proportions of 50%, 12% and 38% respectively), sonication time of 10 min and final slurry volume of 50.0 mL. This method allowed the determination of manganese and zinc by FAAS, with detection limits of 0.46 and 0.66 μg g −1, respectively. The precisions, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD), are 6.9 and 5.5% ( n = 10), for concentrations of manganese and zinc of 20 and 40 μg g −1, respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analysis of the certified apple leaves (NIST 1515) and spinach leaves (NIST 1570a). The proposed method was applied for the determination of manganese and zinc in tea leaves used for the preparation of infusions. The obtained concentrations varied between 42 and 118 μg g −1 and 18.6 and 90 μg g −1, respectively, for manganese and zinc. The results were compared with those obtained by an acid digestion procedure and determination of the elements by FAAS. There was no significant difference between the results obtained by the two methods based on a paired t-test (at 95% confidence level).

Increasing the sensitivity and accuracy of zinc determination in atomic absorption spectrometry

We have studied the effect of the nature and concentration of surfactants on the analytical signal of zinc. We show that of all the studied surfactants, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate increases the sensitivity and selectivity of the zinc determination the most. We have designed a method for atomic absorption determination of zinc in food products using sodium dodecylsulfate as a modifier. The detection limit for zinc according to the proposed procedure is Cmin = 0.003 µg/mL.

Development and validation of extraction methods for determination of zinc and arsenic speciation in soils using focused ultrasound: Application to heavy metal study in mud and soils

To evaluate metal availability in soils many extraction procedures exist which can be divided in two groups: sequential extraction and simple extraction. Both extraction procedures are time consuming, because they need long mechanical shacking time. Nowadays, ultrasonic extraction is merging as an alternative to develop more rapid methods. Methods have been optimised and validated for replacing extraction with mechanical shaking by sonication in order to simplify analytical procedures, which is highly necessary when many samples have to be tested. Zinc and arsenic have been selected for developing total and sequential extraction procedures. Chemical species of arsenic have been determined. These methods have been successfully applied to the determination of heavy metal content in fractions and soluble metal in mud coming from Aznalcóllar spill, soils contaminated with them and control soils to evaluate the degree of contamination and bio-availability of different metals.

Determination of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in wines by potentiometric stripping analysis.

A method for determination of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in wines by means of potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) is described. Cadmium, lead and copper are determined directly, whereas the zinc determination is possible only after the wine samples decomposition. The results for five red and white Yugoslav wines are given. The content of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in analyzed samples were in the range of 0.16-0.79, 0.010-0.045, 0.13-0.27 and 0.10-0.46 mg/l, respectively. The contents of the all analyzed metals were below the maximum ordered by the Yugoslav law.

Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Zinc with 1,2,4-trihydroxyanthraquinone in Pharmaceutical Preparations

A new method for the spectrofluorimetric determination of zinc with 1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone in a 80:20 (v/v) ethylene glycol/water medium and at an apparent pH 8.87 provided by an ammonia/ammonium chloride buffer (pH = 9.30) is proposed. The method allows the determination of zinc over the range 50–500 ng/ml and features a detection limit of 2.31 ng/ml. The influence of various chemical and physical variables affecting the reaction was evaluated and the effects of potential major interferences with the method are commented on. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of zinc in several pharmaceutical preparations.

Application of a new spectrophotometric method for zinc determination in beverages and condiments.

A new spectrophotometric method has been applied to the determination of zinc in bottled mineral water (with and without gas), refreshments, vinegar, and table salt. The method introduces the 1-[di-(2-pyridyl)-methylidene]-5-(salicylidene)-thiocarbo hydrazone (DPST) as chromogenic reagent. This procedure is simple, rapid, reproducible and does not demand costly outfit and chemicals.

Rapid colorimetry of zinc in seminal fluid.

This colorimetric method for determination of zinc in seminal liquid is based on the reaction between zinc and 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol in a buffered solution at pH 9.5. It is very simple, fast (approximately equal to 10 min), and economical. It can be used to determine zinc in "whole" semen, seminal plasma, or isolated spermatozoa. We verified its accuracy for sample concentrations up to 0.4 g/L by comparison with a reference method based on atomic absorption spectroscopy of acidic wet-ashed samples. Calcium and magnesium do not interfere, even in concentrations exceeding the physiological values. Between-run precision at a normal concentration of 0.14 g/L is about +/- 7 mg/L; within-run precision at the same concentration is about +/- 2 mg/L.

A comparative study of flame atomic-absorption methods for determination of zinc in serum and blood plasma

Seven selected methods for determination of zinc in blood plasma by flame atomic-absorption spectroscopy have been compared. Analytical characteristics such as sensitivity, detection limit, precision, analytical recovery, accuracy and physical interferences were studied. Two of the seven methods are recommended as the most suitable for the purpose.

A rapid spectrophotometric method for determination of zinc in milk

1-(2′,3′-Dihydroxypyridyl-4′-azo)benzene-4-sulphonic acid and the corresponding 5′-chloro-substituted acid are proposed as sensitive reagents for zinc. Cyanide masking and selective demasking of zinc can be used to deal with the interference of many metal ions, cadmium can be masked with semithiocarbazide, and thiosulphate can be used for masking Hg(II), Pd(II) and Os(VIII). The molar absorptivities are about 1.3 × 10 5 1.mole −1.cm −1. The method has been used for determinating zinc in milk.

A simplified method for determination of zinc in whole blood, plasma, and erythrocytes by atomic absorption spectrophotometry

A simplified method for determination of zinc in whole blood, plasma, and erythrocytes by atomic absorption spectrophotometry

New Collaborative Study of a Zincon Ion Exchange Method for the Quantitative Determination of Zinc in Fertilizer

Abstract A collaborative study was performed with 8 Magruder samples to evaluate a new zincon colorimetric method, an alternative to 2.137. The previous zincon method was modified, but the basic principle remains: 0.5N HCl retains a stable Zn(II) chloro-complex ion on an anion exchange resin but not interfering cations; 0.005N HCl elutes the Zn(II) ion which is determined colorimetrically in the presence of the indicator, zincon. Overall estimate of precision, Sr = 0.033, is similar to Sr = 0.030 for atomic absorption. Sb values (0.074 at 0.05%, 0.035 at 0.25%, and 0.054 at 1%) compare favorably with atomic absorption Sb values (0.072 at 0.05%, 0.036 at 0.25%, and 0.063 at 1%). F- and t-test results at the 95% confidence level indicate systematic error by both methods but do not discern a difference in the true value each method can measure. Average single sample values agree better with Magruder grand averages than corresponding averages by atomic absorption. While applicable to samples containing 0.05% zinc and higher, the method is quite time consuming when samples are low in zinc and have high iron—zinc ratios. This method has been adopted as official first action.

Normal values and comparison of two spectrophotometric methods for determination of zinc in serum

Normal values and comparison of two spectrophotometric methods for determination of zinc in serum

A new spectrophotometric method for determination of zinc in serum and urine

A method for determination of zinc in serum or plasma, red cells or urine is proposed. Only 0.5 ml of serum, or 2 ml of urine is necessary.The specific reagent is di-(β-naphthylthiocarbazone in carbontetrachloride.Wet digestion is used.The analyses can be run in series.The influence of other metals has been investigated. Photometric measurements are carried out at 553 mμ, where the absorption of the zinc complex is maximal,while the absorption of the coloured reagent is very low.

A rapid method for the direct determination of zinc in brass or bronze

A rapid method for the direct determination of zinc in brass or bronze