Metal-organic Framework Coatings Research Articles

Sulfonate-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework as a Porous "Proton Reservoir" for Boosting Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia.

The electrochemical reduction reaction of nitrate (NO3RR) is an attractive route to produce ammonia at ambient conditions, but the conversion from nitrate to ammonia, which requires nine protons, has to compete with both the two-proton process of nitrite formation and the hydrogen evolution reaction. Extensive research efforts have thus been made in recent studies to develop electrocatalysts for the NO3RR facilitating the production of ammonia. Rather than designing another better electrocatalyst, herein, we synthesize an electrochemically inactive, porous, and chemically robust zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) with enriched intraframework sulfonate groups, SO3-MOF-808, as a coating deposited on top of the catalytically active copper-based electrode. Although both the overall reaction rate and electrochemically active surface area of the electrode are barely affected by the MOF coating, with negatively charged sulfonate groups capable of enriching more protons near the electrode surface, the MOF coating significantly promotes the selectivity of the NO3RR toward the production of ammonia. In contrast, the use of MOF coating with positively charged trimethylammonium groups to repulse protons strongly facilitates the conversion of nitrate to nitrite, with selectivity of more than 90% at all potentials. Under the optimal operating conditions, the copper electrocatalyst with SO3-MOF-808 coating can achieve a Faradaic efficiency of 87.5% for ammonia production, a nitrate-to-ammonia selectivity of 95.6%, and an ammonia production rate of 97 μmol/cm2 h, outperforming all of those achieved by both the pristine copper (75.0%; 93.9%; 87 μmol/cm2 h) and copper with optimized Nafion coating (83.3%; 86.9%; 64 μmol/cm2 h). Findings here suggest the function of MOF as an advanced alternative to the commercially available Nafion to enrich protons near the surface of electrocatalyst for NO3RR, and shed light on the potential of utilizing such electrochemically inactive MOF coatings in a range of proton-coupled electrocatalytic reactions.

Mesenchymal stromal cells surface engineering for efficient hematopoietic reconstitution

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are believed to migrate to injury sites, release chemical attractants, and either recruit local stem cells or modulate the immune system positively. Although MSCs are highly desired for their potential to reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration, their limited lifespan restricts their applications. This study presents a simple approach for protecting MSCs with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and magnesium (Mg) based metal-organic framework coatings (E-Mg@MSC). The layer strengthens MSCs resistant to harmful stresses and creates a favorable microenvironment for repair by providing Mg to facilitate MSCs' osteogenic differentiation and using EGCG to neutralize excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). E-Mg@MSC serves as a treatment for hematopoietic injury induced by ionizing radiation (IR). Coated MSCs exhibit sustained secretion of hematopoietic growth factors and precise homing to radiation-sensitive tissues. In vivo studies show substantial enhancement in hematopoietic system recovery and multi-organ protection. Mechanistic investigations suggest that E-Mg@MSC mitigates IR-induced ROS, cell apoptosis, and ferroptosis, contributing to reduced radiation damage. The system represents a versatile and compelling strategy for cell-surface engineering with functional materials to advance MSCs therapy.

Crystalline Metal-Organic Framework Coatings Engineered via Metal-Phenolic Network Interfaces.

Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered extensive attention owing to their highly ordered porous structure and physicochemical properties. However, their practical application often requires their integration with various substrates, which is challenging because of their weakly adhesive nature and the diversity of substrates that exhibit different properties. Herein, we report the use of amorphous metal-phenolic network coatings to facilitate the growth of crystalline MOF coatings on various particle and planar substrates. Crystalline MOFs with different metal ions and morphologies were successfully deposited on substrates (13 types) of varying sizes, shapes, and surface chemistries. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of the coated crystalline MOFs (e.g., composition, thickness) could be tuned using different synthesis conditions. The engineered MOF-coated membranes demonstrated excellent liquid and gas separation performance, exhibiting a high H2 permeance of 63200 GPU and a H2/CH4 selectivity of 10.19, likely attributable to the thin nature of the coating (~180 nm). Considering the vast array of MOFs available (>90,000) and the diversity of substrates, this work is expected to pave the way for creating a wide range of MOF composites and coatings with potential applications in diverse fields.

Crystalline Metal–Organic Framework Coatings Engineered via Metal–Phenolic Network Interfaces

AbstractCrystalline metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered extensive attention owing to their highly ordered porous structure and physicochemical properties. However, their practical application often requires their integration with various substrates, which is challenging because of their weakly adhesive nature and the diversity of substrates that exhibit different properties. Herein, we report the use of amorphous metal–phenolic network coatings to facilitate the growth of crystalline MOF coatings on various particle and planar substrates. Crystalline MOFs with different metal ions and morphologies were successfully deposited on substrates (13 types) of varying sizes, shapes, and surface chemistries. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of the coated crystalline MOFs (e.g., composition, thickness) could be tuned using different synthesis conditions. The engineered MOF‐coated membranes demonstrated excellent liquid and gas separation performance, exhibiting a high H2 permeance of 63200 GPU and a H2/CH4 selectivity of 10.19, likely attributable to the thin nature of the coating (~180 nm). Considering the vast array of MOFs available (>90,000) and the diversity of substrates, this work is expected to pave the way for creating a wide range of MOF composites and coatings with potential applications in diverse fields.

Preparation and corrosion behavior of MAO based MOFs coatings with excellent film-forming and adhesion properties

Magnesium (Mg) alloys can be applied in many fields, but their poor corrosion resistance limits their widespread applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are often used as fillers in the field of corrosion protection due to their poor adhesion. In order to improve the film-forming performance and adhesion of MOFs coatings, and enhance the corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mg alloys, various MOFs coatings were prepared on the Mg alloy micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating. The results demonstrated that the MAO facilitated film-forming of MOFs and enhanced their adhesion. Moreover, MOFs crystals can seal the pores of MAO, capture corrosive ions, and form insoluble chelates, significantly improving the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys. Among them, the Ce-MOF exhibited the highest corrosion resistance and the lowest corrosion rate, with a corrosion current density of 8.68 × 10−8 A/cm2 after immersing for 30 min. Moreover, MOFs coatings exhibited good stability and durability, and even after immersing in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 14 days, their corrosion protection effects were still superior than MAO.

Fabrication of a Nanoscale Magnesium/Copper Metal-Organic Framework on Zn-Based Guided Bone Generation Membranes for Enhancing Osteogenesis, Angiogenesis, and Bacteriostasis Properties.

Recently, zinc (Zn) and its alloys have demonstrated great potential as guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes to treat the problems of insufficient alveolar bone volume and long-term osseointegration instability during dental implantology. However, bone regeneration is a complex process consisting of osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and antibacterial function. For now, the in vivo osteogenic performance and antibacterial activity of pure Zn are inadequate, and thus fabricating a platform to endow Zn membranes with multifunctions may be essential to address these issues. In this study, various bimetallic magnesium/copper metal-organic framework (Mg/Cu-MOF) coatings were fabricated and immobilized on pure Zn. The results indicated that the degradation rate and water stability of Mg/Cu-MOF coatings could be regulated by controlling the feeding ratio of Cu2+. As the coating and Zn substrate degraded, an alkaline microenvironment enriched with Zn2+, Mg2+, and Cu2+ was generated. It significantly improved calcium phosphate deposition, differentiation of osteoblasts, and vascularization of endothelial cells in the extracts. Among them, Mg/Cu1 showed the best comprehensive performance. The superior antibacterial activity of Mg/Cu1 was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, which indicated significantly enhanced bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli as compared to that of the bare sample. Bimetallic Mg/Cu-MOF coating could properly coordinate the multifunction on a Zn membrane and could be a promising platform for promoting its bone regeneration, which could pave the way for Zn-based materials to be used as barrier membranes in oral clinical trials.

A thorough investigation of the utilization of metal-organic framework (MOF) coated titanium dioxide in photocatalytic applications: A review

Overall, this review provides accessible information about Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) coated on TiO2 surfaces that can advance the photocatalytic activity of designing and creating more efficient materials as well as promoting application. TiO2 photocatalyst has been extensively studied for the unraveling of various environmental issues. Despite its potential, the high rate of recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and its broad band-gap energy pose obstacles to its application in photocatalysis. In order to overcome these hurdles, our research has concentrated on the incorporation of MOF coatings. The production of photoactive MOF coatings is a key issue because they have excellent photocatalytic performance and offer many industrial opportunities for photocatalysis. Different methods have been applied to produce MOF shell or layer on TiO2 NRs, NTs, NWs, and hollow particles. The object of this review is to supply an overview of the research on applying the MOF coating to the titania surface.

Flexible and gradually bonded metal organic framework coatings for atomic oxygen protection of polyimide films

Rapid development of coatings with atomic oxygen (AO) resistance, which benefit long-duration exploration mission in low earth orbit (LEO), poses a challenging requirement on flexible coatings with excellent bonding property. Metal organic framework (MOF) has abundant sites and organic–inorganic hybrid chemical composition, which displays potential in increasing AO resistance, flexibility and bonding property simultaneously. Here, we combined surface modification and spin-coating to prepare MIL-53(Al) (a kind of materials of Lavashir skeleton) coated polyimide (PI) thin film exhibiting excellent flexibility, bonding property and AO resistance, which had no cracks after bending 1000 times, had no peeling off and had only 12% erosion yield compared with pristine PI, verified by the bend test, cross-cut tape test and AO exposure experiment respectively. Also, the mechanism of homogeneous film formation was explained, in which MIL-53(Al) seed layer provided binding force between coating and substrate, and the microstructural transformation caused by breathing effect and negative linear compressibility (NLC) prevented the occurrence of coating cracking. This work extends the application range of MIL-53(Al), optimizes the application of MOFs film formation, and offers a new idea to protect the spacecrafts in LEO.

Functionally Tailored Metal-Organic Framework Coatings for Mediating Ti Implant Osseointegration.

Owing to their mechanical resilience and non-toxicity, titanium implants are widely applied as the major treatment modality for the clinical intervention against bone fractures. However, the intrinsic bioinertness of Ti and its alloys often impedes the effective osseointegration of the implants, leading to severe adverse complications including implant loosening, detachment, and secondary bone damage. Consequently, new Ti implant engineering strategies are urgently needed to improve their osseointegration after implantation. Remarkably, metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of novel synthetic material consisting of coordinated metal species and organic ligands, which have demonstrated a plethora of favorable properties for modulating the interfacial properties of Ti implants. This review comprehensively summarizes the recent progress in the development of MOF-coated Ti implants and highlights their potential utility for modulating the bio-implant interface to improve implant osseointegration, of which the discussions are outlined according to their physical traits, chemical composition, and drug delivery capacity. A perspective is also provided in this review regarding the current limitations and future opportunities of MOF-coated Ti implants for orthopedic applications. The insights in this review may facilitate the rational design of more advanced Ti implants with enhanced therapeutic performance and safety.

(Invited) Grahame Symposium: Separating and Moving Charges through Functional Metal-Organic Frameworks

In line with the longstanding physical electrochemistry interests and numerous innovative contributions of Grahame Award recipient Dr. Keith Stevenson, this presentation will focus on a physical electrochemistry problem: how to separate redox-hopping based hole-transport within porous, electrocatalytic metal-organic framework coatings from transport of charge-compensating ions through the same coatings. In principle, either process, or both, could define transport rates. For electrocatalysis, the general goal is to achieve the fastest transport possible. Wall-jet electrochemistry – the approach used here – offers a useful way of assessing redox-hopping rates without complications from ion ingress or egress. The wall-jet approach turns out to be especially useful when samples cannot be made compatible with RDE or IDE assemblies.

Benchmarking metal-organic framework coatings from Large-Temperature-Jump experiments: Learning from trade-offs in mean powers versus characteristic times

Adsorption chillers can substitute the electric energy demand of conventional compression chillers with low-temperature heat. The efficiency and power density of adsorption chillers depend on their adsorbent and refrigerant, which form the working pair. Novel working pairs are therefore actively developed and characterized in dynamic small-scale experiments using a characteristic time constant. However, this evaluation by only few characteristic time constants, does not resolve the trade-off between efficiency and power density of adsorption chillers and novel materials are challenging to compare due to varying size, shape, and density. To fill these gaps, we investigate the trade-off between efficiency and power density by quantifying all characteristic time constants and transferring them to specific mean powers. We perform Large-Temperature-Jump experiments with water as the refrigerant on the two metal–organic frameworks CAU–10–H and aluminum fumarate for a chilling/recooling/regeneration temperature triple of 10/30/80 °C. We compare the metal–organic frameworks’ specific mean powers to the commercially available RD type silica gels Siogel and SG123. Siogel performed best in terms of area-specific mean powers with a maximum value of 3.2 kW/m². For low time constants up to 20% relative loading, corresponding to high power density but lower efficiency, Siogel also provided the highest volume-specific mean power at 8.1 MW/m³. CAU–10–H had the highest mass- and volume-specific mean powers at 19.0–19.9 kW/kg and 7.2–8.6 MW/m3 for characteristic time constants of 35% relative loading and higher. Aluminum fumarate and SG123 showed low specific mean powers for all chosen characteristic time constants. The results show that studying specific mean powers is a useful tool to benchmark adsorption working pairs as they would perform in an adsorption chiller, regardless of mass, shape, or density.

Preparation and Characterization of Metal-Organic Framework Coatings for Improving Protein Crystallization Screening.

Modifying crystallization plates can significantly impact the success rate and quality of protein crystal growth, making it a helpful strategy in protein crystallography. However, appropriate methods for preparing nano-sized particles with a high specific surface area and strategies for applying these nanoparticles to form suitable coatings on crystallization plate surfaces still need to be clarified. Here, we utilized both an ultrasonic crusher and a high-pressure homogenizer to create a nano metal-organic framework (MOF), specifically HKUST-1, and introduced a solvent evaporation method for producing MOF coatings on 96-well crystallization plates to induce protein crystal growth. The morphology of MOF coatings on the resin surface of the plate well was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Compared to the control group, crystallization screening experiments on nine proteins confirmed the effectiveness of plates with MOF coatings. Applying MOF coatings to crystallization plates is an easy-to-use, time-efficient, and potent tool for initiating crystallization experiments.

Eco-Friendly Approach for the Construction of Superhydrophobic Coating on Stainless Steel Metal Based on Biological Metal-Organic Framework and Its Corrosion Resistance Performance.

In this paper, we present a sustainable approach for the creation of superhydrophobic (SP) coating on a stainless-steel substrate based on a biological metal-organic framework (MOF). The MOF was synthesized using aspartic acid as a linker and copper ions as a core metal. Two SP coatings were well constructed on stainless steel utilizing electrodeposition of nickel (Ni) and nickel altered by MOF (Ni@Bio-MOF) coatings followed by soaking in a solution of stearic acid in ethanol. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrate that the stearic acid-grafted nickel coating (Ni@SA) and the stearic acid-grafted Ni@Bio-MOF composite (Ni@Bio-MOF@SA), were effectively deposited on the stainless steel. The wettability findings displayed that the water contact angle of Ni@SA and Ni@Cu-As MOF@SA are 160° ± 1.1°, and 168° ± 1.2°, respectively. The prepared SP coating was also found to be chemically and mechanically stable. The results show that the Ni@SA coating maintains SP characteristics in a pH range of 3-11 while the Ni@Cu-As MOF@SA coating retained SP characteristics in a pH range of 1-13. Additionally, the superhydrophobic Ni@SA coating demonstrated SP characteristics up to a length of abrasion equal to 1300 mm, while the Ni@Cu-As MOF@SA coating exhibited SP characteristics up to a length of abrasion equal to 2700 mm. Furthermore, the Ni@SA and Ni@Cu-As MOF@SA coatings exhibited significantly improved corrosion protection in a 0.5 M NaCl solution compared with bare stainless steel, with protection efficiencies of approximately 94% and 99%, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that the proposed approach is a promising method for the fabrication of eco-friendly and corrosion-resistant SP coatings on stainless steel substrate.

Bimetallic Ni–Co MOF@PAN modified electrospun separator enhances high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries with high energy density are considered promising energy storage devices for the next generation. Nevertheless, the shuttle effect and the passive layer between the separator and the electrodes still seriously affect the cycle stability and life. Herein, a bimetallic Ni–Co metal–organic framework (MOF) with adsorption and catalytic synergism for polysulfides was successfully synthesized as an electrospinning separator sandwich for Li–S batteries. Introducing porous Ni–Co MOF coatings into the separator provides more adsorption catalytic sites for polysulfides, prevents their diffusion to the anode, and enhances sulfur utilization. Consequently, the improved Li–S batteries with a Ni–Co MOF@PAN (NCMP) electrospun separator delivered excellent rate performance and outstanding cycle stability, yielding an ultra-high initial capacity of 1560 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C. Notably, remarkable Li–S battery performance with a discharge capacity of 794 mA h g−1 (84.1% capacity retention) was obtained after 500 cycles, while delivering a low capacity decay rate of 0.032% during long-term cycling (up to 500 cycles) at 1 C. Surprisingly, even at the current density of 2 C, the capacity attenuation rate of 2000 cycles is only 0.034% per cycle. In addition, compared with the Celgard separator, the NCMP separator also had high thermal stability (keeping the separator outline at 200 °C) that ensured battery safety and excellent electrolyte wettability (73% porosity and 535% electrolyte absorption) and significantly enhanced the ionic conductivity and Li+ transfer number, and protected the surface integrity of the anode.

Electrostatic Interaction‐directed Construction of Hierarchical Nanostructured Carbon Composite with Dual Electrical Conductive Networks for Zinc‐ion Hybrid Capacitors with Ultrastability

Metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived carbon composites have been considered as the promising materials for energy storage. However, the construction of MOF‐based composites with highly controllable mode via the liquid–liquid synthesis method has a great challenge because of the simultaneous heterogeneous nucleation on substrates and the self‐nucleation of individual MOF nanocrystals in the liquid phase. Herein, we report a bidirectional electrostatic generated self‐assembly strategy to achieve the precisely controlled coatings of single‐layer nanoscale MOFs on a range of substrates, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), MXene, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), MOFs, and SiO2. The obtained MOF‐based nanostructured carbon composite exhibits the hierarchical porosity (Vmeso/Vmicro: 2.4), ultrahigh N content of 12.4 at.% and “dual electrical conductive networks.” The assembled aqueous zinc‐ion hybrid capacitor (ZIC) with the prepared nanocarbon composite as a cathode shows a high specific capacitance of 236 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, great rate performance of 98 F g−1 at 100 A g−1, and especially, an ultralong cycling stability up to 230 000 cycles with the capacitance retention of 90.1%. This work develops a repeatable and general method for the controlled construction of MOF coatings on various functional substrates and further fabricates carbon composites for ZICs with ultrastability.

(Invited, Digital Presentation) Atomic Layer Deposited Templates for Constructing Functional Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous crystalline materials featuring high surface area, ordered pore structures and amenability for post-synthetic modification. Integrating MOF thin films with various substrate materials could enable applications in separations, heterogeneous catalysis, chemical sensors and electronic devices. However, it is difficult to find a universal approach to deposit uniform and high-quality MOF coatings on a variety of substrate materials. Previous attempts often require surface modification methods that may not be generally applicable.In this talk, interfacial engineering using atomic layer deposited (ALD) templates will be discussed for forming MOF thin films on various substrates. We found that ALD metal oxides are effective in promoting the heterogeneous nucleation of MOFs and also readily hydrolyzed into hydroxy double salts (HDSs) for rapid transformation to MOFs. With ALD template layers, conformal and functional MOF coatings were integrated on fibers, membranes and laminated structures. Accordingly, we developed a series of MOF-functionalized fibers for adsorption and catalytic degradation of hazardous compounds. Furthermore, we obtained ultra-thin mixed-metal MOF skin layers on porous alumina supports for membrane separation, and achieved large propylene permeance (up to 4.5×10-8 mol·m-2·s-1·Pa-1) and high propylene/propane selectivity over 250. We anticipate that this platform technology will also lead to potential device structures for chemical sensing, energy storage and many other scenarios.

Epitaxial Growth of Guanidyl-Functionalized Magnetic Metal-Organic Frameworks with Multiaffinity Sites for Selective Capture of Global Phosphopeptides.

The flexible and controlled synthesis of metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived hybrid nanostructures is of great significance in fine tuning of their enrichment performance in large-scale and in-depth phosphoproteome analysis. Herein, a magnetic guanidyl-functionalized MOF hybrid coating with multiaffinity sites, denoted as Fe3O4@G-ZIF-8, was fast fabricated via a one-pot epitaxial growth strategy for the first time and applied for selective and highly efficient enrichment of global phosphopeptides. The intrinsic unsaturated metal sites of ZIF-8 endow the surface-mounted MOF coatings with immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography interaction with multiphosphorylated peptides. The oriented anchoring of bifunctional guanidineacetic acid on the magnetic MOF nanospheres provides additional affinity sites (guanidyl groups) for specific recognition of phosphopeptides by "salt bridge" interaction, as well as active site carboxyl groups for the coordination with the metal ions. The as-prepared Fe3O4@G-ZIF-8 exhibits large surface area (382.5 m2 g-1), good superparamagnetic property (41.6 emu g-1) and stability, and size-exclusion effect (1.73 nm), which can serve as a specific adsorbent for global phosphopeptide analysis with satisfactory selectivity, great detection sensitivity (1 fmol), and rapid magnetic separation. Moreover, the successful application of Fe3O4@G-ZIF-8 for selective capture of both multi- and mono-phosphopeptides from human saliva and serum demonstrated the great potential of magnetic surface-mounted MOF coatings in effective identification of low-abundance phosphopeptides by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry from complicated biological matrices.

Hydrogen plasma treated-Ce-BTC nanorods enable enhanced antibacterial activity and soft tissue sealing ability

Implant-associated infections caused by the formation of bacterial biofilms on the implant surface are difficult to cure, which will lead to poor integration between soft tissues and percutaneous implants. To solve this issue, in this work, cerium-based metal-organic framework (Ce-BTC) coatings with abundant coordinative unsaturated metal sites were fabricated on medical titanium surfaces by solvothermal treatment and followed by hydrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (H-PIII) treatment. The surface microstructure of Ce-BTC had no obvious changes after H-PIII treatment, while the crystallinity reduced and the organic ligands were partially etched, resulting in more metal active sites being exposed. Consequently, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) deprivation capacity and oxidase-like activity of Ce-BTC were significantly improved by H-PIII treatment, which could effectively prevent biofilm formation and kill bacteria in response to the bacteria-mediated acidic microenvironment. Moreover, the Ce-BTC treated by H-PIII for 15 min could promote the fibroblast responses including cell proliferation and collagen deposition by up-regulating fibroblast-related genes in vitro, which may be ascribed to the surface nanorod structures and the released Ce ions. The percutaneous infection model in vivo further confirmed that the Ce-BTC treated by H-PIII for 15 min had good antibacterial activity and soft tissue sealing ability, which was conducive to the integration between percutaneous implants and surrounding soft tissues.

Universal Strategy to Efficiently Coat Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks onto Diverse Substrates.

Anchoring metal–organic framework (MOF) coating has attracted extensive interest due to its wide applications in drug delivery, gas storage and separation, catalysis, and so forth. Here, we reported a flexible strategy on generating ZIF-8 coatings onto diverse substrates in the scale up to hundreds cm2, independent of the geometry of the substrate, with controllable thickness, texture structure, and crystal size of coating. By understanding the mechanism and factors on the formation of ZIF-8 coatings, various zeolitic imidazolate framework coatings were successfully produced. This general strategy and in-depth insights pave the new highway to the design and synthesis of MOF coatings onto diverse substrates.

Semi‐Automatic Deposition of Oriented Cu(OH)2 Nanobelts for the Heteroepitaxial Growth of Metal–Organic Framework Films (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 21/2021)

Deposition of Highly Oriented Cu(OH)2 Nanobelts In article number 2101039, Mercedes Linares-Moreau, Christian J. Doonan, Paolo Falcaro, and co-workers report the deposition of oriented and homogeneous Cu(OH)2 nanobelt (NB) films at the cm scale. By optimizing the NB deposition procedure using a dip-coater, every single deposition process yields a high-quality NB film for the heteroepitaxial growth of precisely oriented metal-organic framework coatings.