Metal-containing Nanocomposites Research Articles

Никельсодержащие нанокомпозиты на основе изотактического полипропилена и полиэтилена высокого давления

The effect of nanofiller (NF) additives containing nickel oxide nanoparticles stabilized by a polymer matrix of high pressure polyethylene (PE) obtained by the mechanochemical method on the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene (PP) and high pressure polyethylene(PE) using differential thermal (DTA) and X-ray phase (XRF) and SEM analyzes. The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, which, apparently, is associated with the synergistic effect of interfacial interaction of nickel-containing nanoparticles in the PE matrix with the components of the PP/PE polymer composition. It is shown that nanocomposites based on PP/PE/NF can be processed both by pressing method and by injection molding and extrusion methods, which expands the scope of its application.

OBTAINING AND STUDYING THE PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON A MIXTURE OF HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE POLYETHYLENE WITH METAL-CONTAINING NANOFILLERS

The effect of additives of nanofillers (NF) containing nanoparticles of copper (I) oxides stabilized by a polymer matrix of high-pressure polyethylene (PE) obtained by the mechano-chemical method on the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on a mixture of high- and low-pressure polyethylene has been studied by differential thermal (DTA), X-ray phase (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. It is shown that the introduction into the composition of 0.3 – 0.5 wt.% NF leads to an increase in the strength index from16.69 to 19.77 MPa and the amount of deformation at break of the composite by 1.7 times, which is apparently due to the synergistic effect re-lated to the interfacial interaction of copper-containing nanoparticles in the LDPE matrix with the components of LDPE/HDPE composition , the mutual influence of which contributes to an increase in both the amount of deformation and the strength index. The study of the thermal properties of the samples has showed that the introduction of NF containing copper(I) oxide NPs into the composition of mixed polyethylene contributes to a significant increase in the decay temperature of the samples, and the activation energy of the decay of the thermo-oxidative destruction of the resulting nanocomposite increases from 232 to 255 kJ /mol. The results obtained indicate that small amounts of nanofillers (0.3-0.5wt. %), introduced into the polymer, obviously play the role of structurizers - artificial nuclei of crystallization, which contributes to the appearance of a fine-spherulite structure in the polymer, characterized by improved physico-mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting nanocomposite

Preparation of Reactive Indicator Papers Based on Silver-Containing Nanocomposites for the Analysis of Chloride Ions.

In recent decades, metal-containing nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention from researchers. In this work, for the first time, a detailed analysis of the preparation of reactive indicator papers (RIPs) based on silver-containing nanocomposites derived from silver fumarate was carried out. Thermolysis products are silver-containing nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles uniformly distributed in a stabilizing carbon matrix. The study of the optical properties of silver-containing nanocomposites made it possible to outline the prospects for their application in chemical analysis. RIPs were made by impregnating a cellulose carrier with synthesized silver fumarate-derived nanocomposites, which change their color when interacting with chlorine vapor. This made it possible to propose a method for the determination of chloride ions with preliminary oxidation to molecular chlorine, which is then separated from the solution by gas extraction. The subsequent detection of the active zone of RIPs using colorimetry makes it possible to identify mathematical dependences of color coordinates on the concentration of chloride ions. The red (R) color coordinate in the RGB (red-green-blue) system was chosen as the most sensitive and promising analytical signal. Calibration plots of exponential and linear form and their equations are presented. The limit of detection is 0.036 mg/L, the limits of quantification are 0.15-2.4 mg/L, and the time of a single determination is 25 min. The prospects of the developed technique have been successfully shown in the example of the analysis of the natural waters of the Don River, pharmaceuticals, and food products.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СЕРЕБРОСОДЕРЖАЩИХ НАНОКОМПОЗИТОВ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЙОДИД-ИОНОВ

At present, the interest of analytical chemists in metal-containing nanocomposites has increased significantly. This is primarily due to the possibility of their application as optical sensors. The operation of such sensors is based on the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The result of this study is the development of a new sensitive method for the determination of iodide ions based on the use of paper modified with silver nanoparticles (NPs). Iodides, oxidized under the action of special reagents, form molecular iodine, which is extracted by an air flow and transferred to a sensitive paper layer containing NPs. The interaction of NPs with iodine leads to traceable optical changes. The limit of detection (0.01 mg/L) and the range of determined concentrations (0.03–0.3 mg/L) of iodide ions were determined.

Preparation of Ag/C Nanocomposites Based on Silver Maleate and Their Use for the Analysis of Iodine Ions

In recent decades, metal-containing nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention from researchers. In the present study, a detailed analysis of the preparation of Ag/C nanocomposites through the thermolysis of silver maleate was carried out. Thermolysis products are nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles (NPs) uniformly distributed in a stabilizing carbon matrix. The composition, structure, and properties of the obtained nanocomposites were studied using IR-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). This article reports on the possibility of using Ag/C nanocomposites to create new indicator papers that are sensitive to iodide ions in the concentration range of 0.03–1.6 mg/L (0.24–12.6 μM). The developed papers are used in a technique based on the oxidation of iodides with the formation of molecular iodine, which is extracted in an air stream and transferred to a sensitive paper layer containing silver NPs. The interaction of silver NPs with iodine leads to optical changes that can be tracked using a conventional scanner.

Silica Shell Thickness-Dependent Fluorescence Properties of SiO2@Ag@SiO2@QDs Nanocomposites.

Silica shell coatings, which constitute important technology for nanoparticle (NP) developments, are utilized in many applications. The silica shell’s thickness greatly affects distance-dependent optical properties, such as metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) and fluorescence quenching in plasmonic nanocomposites. However, the precise control of silica-shell thicknesses has been mainly conducted on single metal NPs, and rarely on complex nanocomposites. In this study, silica shell-coated Ag nanoparticle-assembled silica nanoparticles (SiO2@Ag@SiO2), with finely controlled silica shell thicknesses (4 nm to 38 nm), were prepared, and quantum dots (QDs) were introduced onto SiO2@Ag@SiO2. The dominant effect between plasmonic quenching and MEF was defined depending on the thickness of the silica shell between Ag and QDs. When the distance between Ag NPs to QDs was less than ~10 nm, SiO2@Ag@SiO2@QDs showed weaker fluorescence intensities than SiO2@QD (without metal) due to the quenching effect. On the other hand, when the distance between Ag NPs to QDs was from 10 nm to 14 nm, the fluorescence intensity of SiO2@Ag@SiO2@QD was stronger than SiO2@QDs due to MEF. The results provide background knowledge for controlling the thickness of silica shells in metal-containing nanocomposites and facilitate the development of potential applications utilizing the optimal plasmonic phenomenon.

Synthesis and Thermal Transformations of Nickel(II) Salts of Saturated Monocarboxylic Acid—Precursors of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites

Synthesis and Thermal Transformations of Nickel(II) Salts of Saturated Monocarboxylic Acid—Precursors of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites

A review of graphene-based semiconductors for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in wastewater

Water is the lifeblood of all living things; we often overlook the fact that the water cycle and the life cycle are inextricably linked. However, it has become contaminated as a result of industrialization, which has impacted the ecosystem by emitting numerous dyes, organic solvents, petroleum products, heavy metals, chemicals, diseases, and solid wastes. The absence of treatment in reusing wastewater is the root of the issues. Hence it is essential to treat the water to preserve the ecosystem and also for human health. In recent years, graphene-based photocatalysts are attracted much in the waste water treatment process due to their outstanding physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. Since in the graphene-based photocatalyst, graphene has exceptional electron conductivity, a broad range of light absorption, a large surface area, and a high adsorption capacity. When it is integrated into metals, metal-containing nanocomposites, semiconductor nanocomposites, polymers, MXene, and other compounds, it can greatly boost the photocatalytic activity towards the photo destruction of contaminants. Hence in this review, water pollution, methods of waste water treatment, fundamental principles of photocatalysis, the photocatalytic activity of other materials in wastewater treatment, and how the photocatalytic efficiency against the removal of organic dyes can be enhanced when coalesced with graphene are detailed.

Brochosome-Inspired Metal-Containing Particles as Biomimetic Building Blocks for Nanoplasmonics: Conceptual Generalizations.

Recently, biological nanostructures became an important source of inspiration for plasmonics, with many described implementations and proposed applications. Among them are brochosome-inspired plasmonic microstructures—roughly spherical core-shell particles with submicrometer diameters and with indented surfaces. Our intention was to start from the nanoplasmonic point of view and to systematically classify possible alternative forms of brochosome-inspired metal-containing particles producible by the state-of-the-art nanofabrication. A wealth of novel structures arises from this systematization of bioinspired metal-containing nanocomposites. Besides various surface nanoapertures, we consider structures closely related to them in electromagnetic sense like surface nano-protrusions, shell reliefs obtained by nano-sculpting, and various combinations of these. This approach helped us build a new design toolbox for brochosome-inspired structures. Additionally, we used the finite elements method to simulate the optical properties of simple brochosome-inspired structures. We encountered a plethora of advantageous optical traits, including enhanced absorption, antireflective properties, and metamaterial behavior (effective refractive index close to zero or negative). We conclude that the presented approach offers a wealth of traits useful for practical applications. The described research represents our attempt to outline a possible roadmap for further development of bioinspired nanoplasmonic particles and to offer a source of ideas and directions for future research.

COPPER-CONTAINING NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE AND HIGH PRESSURE POLYETHYLENE

The effect of nanofilles additives containing copper oxide nanoparticles stabilized by a polymer matrix of high-pressure polyethylene obtained by the mechanochemical method on features of the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and high-pressure polyethylene was studied using differential thermal (DTA) and X-ray phase (XRD) analyzes. The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, that apparently, is associated with the synergistic effect of interfacial interaction of copper-containing nanoparticles in the PE matrix with the components of the PP/PE polymer composition

COPPER-CONTAINING NANOCOMPOSITES ON THE BASIS OF ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE AND BUTADIENE-NITRILE RUBBER

The influence of additives of nanofillers containing nanoparticles of copper oxides stabilized by a polymer matrix of maleinized high-pressure polyethylene obtained by the mechano-chemical method on the structure and properties features of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber by x-ray phase and differential thermal analyses is studied. The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, that is probably due to the synergistic effect of interaction of copper-containing nanoparticles with maleic groups of maleinated high-pressure polyethylene. It is shown that nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and butadiene-nitrile rubber can be processed both by pressing method and by injection molding and extrusion methods that expands the scope of its application

Synergistic Action of Acidity and Pd, Au, and Pt Ions on the Photocatalytic Properties of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites Based on g-C3N4 in the Reaction of Hydrogen Production from Ethanol

Synergistic Action of Acidity and Pd, Au, and Pt Ions on the Photocatalytic Properties of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites Based on g-C3N4 in the Reaction of Hydrogen Production from Ethanol

Preparation and Investigation of Properties of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites on the Basis of Epoxy Diane Resin

Preparation and Investigation of Properties of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites on the Basis of Epoxy Diane Resin

Preparation and Properties of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites Based on Isotactic Polypropylene and Butadiene–Acrylonitrile Rubber

The effect that nanofillers containing copper oxides stabilized with a maleinized low-density polyethylene matrix and prepared mechanochemically exert on the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and butadiene–acrylonitrile rubber was studied by X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. The filling improves the strength, deformation, and rheological characteristics of the nanocomposites and enhances their resistance to thermal oxidation, which is probably due to the synergistic effect caused by interaction of copper-containing nanoparticles with maleic groups of maleinized low-density polyethylene. The nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and butadiene–acrylonitrile rubber can be processed not only by pressing, but also by pressure casting and extrusion, which expands their application field.

Медьсодержащие нанокомпозиты на основе изотактического полипропилена и бутадиен-нитрильного каучука

The influence of additives of nanofillers (NF) containing nanoparticles of copper oxides stabilized by a polymer matrix of high-pressure polyethylene (PE) obtained by the mechanochemical method on the structure and properties features of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene (PP) and butadiene-nitrile rubber (BNK) is studied by X-ray phase (XRD) and differential thermal analyses(DTA). The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, which, apparently, is associated with the synergistic effect of interfacial interaction of copper-containing nanoparticles in the PE matrix with the components of the PP/BNK polymer composition. It is shown that nanocomposites based on PP/BNK/NF can be processed both by pressing method and by injection molding and extrusion methods, which expands the scope of its application.

Цинксодержащие нанокомпозиты на основе изотактического полипропилена и полиэтилена высокого давления

The effect of nanofiller (NF) additives containing zink oxide nanoparticles stabilized by a polymer matrix of high pressure polyethylene obtained by the mechanochemical method on the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene (PP) and high pressure polyethylene (PE) using differential thermal (DTA) and X-ray phase (XRF) analyzes. The improvement of strength, deformation and rheological parameters, as well as thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, which, apparently, is associated with the synergistic effect of interfacial interaction of zink — containing nanoparticles in the PE matrix with the components of the PP/PE polymer composition. It is shown that nanocomposites based on PP/PE/NF can be processed both by pressing method and by injection molding and extrusion methods, which expands the scope of its application.

Synthesis and Thermal Conversions of Unsaturated Nickel(II) Monocarboxylates—Precursors of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites

Nickel(II) salts with unsaturated monocarboxylic acids (acrylic, methacrylic, sorbic, 4-pentynoic, propiolic, crotonic, linoleic, and oleic acids) have been synthesized. The compounds have been studied by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, elemental analysis, and IR spectroscopy. Controlled thermolysis of the obtained carboxylates afforded nickel-containing nanocomposites, which were studied by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The enthalpies of the reaction $$\Delta H_{{\text{r}}}^{^\circ }$$ for the formation of unsaturated nickel(II) monocarboxylates have been calculated by the semi-empirical quantum-chemical РМ3 method. A positive correlation has been found between the average nanoparticle diameter (dav) of nanocomposites and $$\Delta H_{{\text{r}}}^{^\circ }.$$ The magnetic properties of the obtained nanocomposites have been studied.

Obtaining and study of properties of composites based on polypropylene and low density polyethylene with metal-containing nano-fillers

The effect of nanofillers additives containing zinc oxide nanoparticles stabilized by a polymer matrix of maleinized low density polyethylene obtained by the mechanochemical method on the structure and properties of metal-containing nanocomposites based on isotactic polypropylene and low density polyethylene using differential thermal (DTA) and X-ray phase (XPA) analyzes.

Electrophysical Properties of Metal-Containing Nanocomposites at a Nanophase Concentration to the Percolation Threshold

Dependences of the resistivity of metal-containing nanocomposite films with molybdenum, hafnium, chromium, vanadium, tungsten and tantalum nanoparticles on the content of the introduced metals have been studied. An increase in the conductivity of diamond-like films (DLFs) with an increase in the metal content is found. Depending on the introduced metal, the concentration dependences of the electrical conductivity of DLFs behave differently. The influence of high current densities on the electrical properties of DLFs is studied. High temporal stability of their resistance is revealed. It is found that DLFs have a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. The DLFs with a low content of metal-containing phase and a high resistivity are recommended to be used in temperature sensors, while the low-resistivity DLFs are recommended as resistive materials.

Core-shell nanocomposites produced from metal dicarboxylates

Metal-containing nanocomposites of core–shell structure were produced via simulatenous synthesis of metal-containing nanoparticles and stabilizing polymer shell during solid-phase polymerization and thermolysis of Zn(II), Co(II), acetylenedicarboxylates and cobalt itaconate complexes.DSC and TGA curves were recorded to define the main stages of thermal transformations. Temperature of acetylenedicarboxylates polymerization was found to be in the range of 160–190 °C. Polymerization process was shown to occur simultaneously with decarboxylation. Further kinetic studies showed that these complexes can be polymerized under much lower temperatures, but decarboxylation nevertheless takes place.Composition, morphology and microstructure of nanocomposites were studied by XRD, SEM and TEM. Narrow size distribution was shown by TEM. Metal ions and organic linkers were found to change shape of nanoparticles and, therefore, morphology of nanocomposites. For instance, Co acetylenedicarboxylates as precursors lead to spherical nanoparticles, while Zn acetylenedicarboxylate provides flat rectangle nanoparticles. Co itaconate complex with 4,4′-bipirydine provided rod-shape nanoparticles.