Incidence Of Metabolic Syndrome Research Articles

Exploring the association between metabolic syndrome, its components and subsequent cancer incidence: A cohort study in Catalonia.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) has emerged as a significant global health concern. The relationship between MS and the risk of cancer doesn't seem clear, whether examining by components or in combination. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between MS, its components, and the overall risk of cancer, including the risk of 13 specific cancer types. We included 3,918,781 individuals aged 40 years or older sourced from the SIDIAP database between 2008 and 2017. Cox models were employed with MS components and their combinations. A subsample was created using a matched cohort (by age and sex). Incidence curves were computed to determine the time elapsed between the date of having 1-5 MS components and cancer incidence, compared to matched participants with no MS components, which showed that individuals who had one MS component experienced a greater incidence of cancer over 5 and 10 years than individuals with no MS, and the incidence rose with an increase in the number of MS components. Individuals exposed to MS components were diagnosed with cancer earlier than those who were not exposed to them. In the Cox model, HDL (HR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.41-1.52) and Glycemia (HR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.37-1.44) were the individual combinations with the highest risk of overall cancer. In combinations with two components, the highest HR was HDL+Glycemia (HR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.45-1.59) and Glycemia+HBP (HR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.45-1.50). In combinations with three components, the highest HR was HDL+Glycemia+HBP (HR 1.58, 95% CI: 1.55-1.62). In summary, having one or more MS components raises the risk of developing at least 11 cancer types and these risk differ according to type of component included. Some sex differences are also observed. Our findings suggest that implementing prevention measures aimed at specific MS components may lower the risk of various cancer types.

Dietary variety score and risk of metabolic syndrome incidence: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

PurposeThere are contradictions in the association between dietary variety and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The concept of dietary variety should be merged with other dietary recommendations including diet quality and proportion....

Metabolic Syndrome and Psoriasis: Pivotal Roles of Chronic Inflammation and Gut Microbiota.

In recent years, the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has increased due to lifestyle-related factors in developed countries. MS represents a group of conditions that increase the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other severe health problems. Low-grade chronic inflammation is now considered one of the key aspects of MS and could be defined as a new cardiovascular risk factor. Indeed, an increase in visceral adipose tissue, typical of obesity, contributes to the development of an inflammatory state, which, in turn, induces the production of several proinflammatory cytokines responsible for insulin resistance. Psoriasis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease and is characterized by the increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can contribute to different pathological conditions within the spectrum of MS. A link between metabolic disorders and Psoriasis has emerged from evidence indicating that weight loss obtained through healthy diets and exercise was able to improve the clinical course and therapeutic response of Psoriasis in patients with obesity or overweight patients and even prevent its occurrence. A key factor in this balance is the gut microbiota; it is an extremely dynamic system, and this makes its manipulation through diet possible via probiotic, prebiotic, and symbiotic compounds. Given this, the gut microbiota represents an additional therapeutic target that can improve metabolism in different clinical conditions.

Evaluation Between Serum Concentrations of Lipocalin-2 and Metabolic Syndrome and its Components in Korean-Chinese and Han-Chinese Individuals from Yanbian Area.

Objectives: To investigate the association between the blood concentration of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in local multiethnic residents and the increased risk for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture population. Methods: A total of 2078 subjects with (study group) or without (control group) MS (1217 Korean-Chinese and 861 Han-Chinese subjects) were included in this study. MS subjects were divided into five groups according to ethnicity and MS components. They were assessed for smoking history, drinking history, past medical history, general demographic characteristics, and LCN2 concentrations. Results: LCN2 concentrations were higher in all ethnic MS groups than in the control group, and the highest concentrations were detected in Han-Chinese subjects with dyslipidemia. Moreover, LCN2 concentrations were significantly higher in Korean-Chinese individuals with all MS components than in the control group. Logistic regression analyses were conducted. In the unadjusted models, Korean-Chinese and Han-Chinese individuals with high LCN2 concentrations both faced a risk of MS with odds ratios (ORs) of 2.339 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.632-3.352) and 1.523 (95% CI: 1.101-2. 108), respectively. After the adjustment, the risk only remained in Korean-Chinese individuals, with an OR of 1.818 (95% CI: 1.031-3.207). Conclusion: Elevated circulating LCN2 was associated with the increased incidence of MS, and the effect in Korean-Chinese individuals was stronger than that in Han-Chinese individuals.

Incidence of metabolic syndrome in patients with unilateral or bilateral staghorn renal stones and its impact on percutaneous nephrolithotomy outcomes

BackgroundTo evaluate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with unilateral and bilateral staghorn calculi (SC) and evaluate the impact on the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).MethodsThe clinical data of patients who underwent PCNL for the treatment of SC between 2019 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. SC was divided into unilateral and bilateral. The incidence of MetS was compared between the patients with unilateral SC and the patients with bilateral SC, and the impact on the outcome of PCNL was assessed.ResultsA total of 1778 patients underwent PCNL between 2019 and 2022. After screening computed tomography, 379 patients were confirmed to have SC, finally, leaving 310 patients with follow-up and complete data to be included in the study. Eighty-four had bilateral SC and 226 had unilateral SC. The patients with bilateral SC had a significantly higher body mass index and higher rates of complete staghorn stones and metabolic syndrome. Higher body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, and MetS were present in 62.58%, 44.84%, 21.94%, 60.65% and 27.42% of all patients, respectively. The number of MetS components remained significantly associated with bilateral SC. Specifically, when the number of MetS components increases from 0 to 3–4, the likelihood of developing bilateral staghorn calculi increases by 21.967 times. Eighty-five patients with MetS( +) had a higher rate of overall complications (number (N)(%), 29 (34.12) vs.33 (14.46), P < 0.001) and a comparable stone-free rate to 225 MetS(-) patients. Multivariable analysis confirmed that hyperlipidaemia (P = 0.044, odds ratio [OR] = 1.991, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.020–3.888) and MetS (P = 0.005, OR = 2.427, 95% CI 1.316–4.477) were independent risk factors for overall complications.ConclusionsMetS is correlated with the formation of bilateral SC and is the main predictor for complications of PCNL especially for low-grade complications (I-II).

The therapeutic potential of irisin to mitigate the risk of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Oestradiol withdrawal at menopause predisposes women to metabolic syndrome, a cluster of interrelated conditions including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension that together confer an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Hormone replacement therapies are commonly used to treat acute symptoms of the perimenopausal period, and whilst they have been associated with metabolic improvements in many studies, long-term use is considered unviable. Novel approaches are required to mitigate the risk of postmenopausal metabolic syndrome. In 2012, the exercise-inducible myokine irisin was isolated from the skeletal muscle of mice and identified to have anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects in vivo. Irisin is now recognised to exert pleiotropic action on cognitive, bone and metabolic health. There is accumulating evidence from in vitro and in vivo rodent studies that irisin can mitigate each component condition of metabolic syndrome. In postmenopausal women, independent associations have been observed between (a) exercise and plasma irisin concentration and (b) plasma irisin concentration and reduced incidence of metabolic syndrome. To date, however, no study has considered the mechanistic basis by which irisin, whether exercise-induced or exogenously administered, could reduce the incidence or severity of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. This review aims to analyse the literature concerning the metabolic actions of irisin, with a focus on its therapeutic potential for metabolic syndrome driven by a state of oestradiol depletion. It evaluates the practicality of exercise as a therapy and discusses other irisin-based therapeutic strategies that may alleviate postmenopausal metabolic syndrome. Finally, it highlights areas where future research is required to advance knowledge of irisin's biological action such that it could be considered a viable candidate for clinical application.

Curcumin-Rich Diet Mitigates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by Attenuating Fat Accumulation and Improving Insulin Sensitivity in Aged Female Mice under Nutritional Stress.

The high incidence of metabolic syndrome in the elderly poses a significant challenge to the healthcare system, emphasizing the need for interventions tailored to geriatric patients. Given the limited focus on females in previous studies, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary curcumin on obesity and NAFLD outcomes in naturally aged (18-month-old) female mice. Female C57BL/6 mice aged 18 months were fed a normal chow diet (NCD) and a HFHSD, with or without curcumin (0.4% w/w), for an 8-week period. Parameters included food intake, body weight, insulin tolerance test (ITT), glucose tolerance test (GTT), percentage fat mass, hepatic triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, and a histological examination for NAFLD detection, qPCR, and immunoblotting analyses were performed. The cumulative body weight gain after 8 weeks in the aged female mice supplemented with curcumin and fed an HFHSD was significantly lower (10.84 ± 1.09 g) compared to those fed a HFHSD alone (15.28 ± 1.26 g). Curcumin supplementation also resulted in reduced total body fat (HFHSD group 50.83 ± 1.71% vs. HFHSD+CUR 41.46 ± 3.21%), decreased epidydimal fat mass (HFHSD: 3.79 ± 0.29 g vs. HFHSD+CUR: 2.66 ± 0.30 g), and repaired adipogenic signaling in the white adipose tissue. Furthermore, curcumin lowered triglyceride and cholesterol deposition in the liver, preventing hepatic steatosis and improving hepatic insulin sensitivity. Curcumin demonstrates the ability to ameliorate the deleterious effects of HFHSD in aged female mice by reducing body fat composition, modulating adipogenic signaling in the white adipose tissue, and improving insulin homeostasis and non-alcoholic fatty deposition in the liver.

Estimated pulse wave velocity as a forefront indicator of developing metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.

The predictive value of the estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) for the development of metabolic syndrome has not yet been extensively explored. This study aimed to fill this gap by evaluating ePWV as a potential predictor of metabolic syndrome development in middle-aged Korean adults. Using prospective data obtained from the Ansan-Ansung cohort database, participants without metabolic syndrome at baseline were studied. ePWV was calculated using specific equations based on age and blood pressure. The primary outcome was the incidence of metabolic syndrome during a median follow-up period of 187 months. Among the 6,186 participants, 2,726 (44.1%) developed metabolic syndrome during the follow-up period. ePWV methvalues were categorized into tertiles to assess their predictive value for the development of metabolic syndrome. An ePWV cut-off of 7.407 m/s was identified as a predictor of metabolic syndrome development, with a sensitivity of 0.743 and a specificity of 0.464. Participants exceeding this cut-off, especially those in the third tertile (8.77-14.63 m/s), had a notably higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Specifically, the third tertile exhibited a 52.8% cumulative incidence compared with 30.8% in the first tertile. After adjustments, those in the third tertile faced a 1.530-fold increased risk of metabolic syndrome (95% confidence interval, 1.330-1.761). ePWV is a significant predictor of the development of metabolic syndrome. This finding underscores the potential of ePWV as a cardiometabolic risk assessment tool and can thus provide useful information for primary prevention strategies.

Mapping the gut microecological multi-omics signatures to serum metabolome and their impact on cardiometabolic health in elderly adults

Mapping gut microecological features to serum metabolites (SMs) will help identify functional links between gut microbiome and cardiometabolic health. This study encompassed 836-1021 adults over 9.7 year in a cohort, assessing metabolic syndrome (MS), carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP), and other metadata triennially. We analyzed mid-term microbial metagenomics, targeted fecal and serum metabolomics, host genetics, and serum proteomics. Gut microbiota and metabolites (GMM) accounted for 15.1% overall variance in 168 SMs, with individual GMM factors explaining 5.65%-10.1%, host genetics 3.23%, and sociodemographic factors 5.95%. Specifically, GMM elucidated 5.5%-49.6% variance in the top 32 GMM-explained SMs. Each 20% increase in the 32 metabolite score(derived from the 32 SMs) correlated with 73% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53%-95%) and 19% (95% CI: 11%-27%) increases in MS and CAP incidences, respectively. Among the 32 GMM-explained SMs, sebacic acid, indoleacetic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid were linked to MS or CAP incidence. Serum proteomics revealed certain proteins, particularly the apolipoprotein family, mediated the relationship between GMM-SMs and cardiometabolic risks. This study reveals the significant influence of GMM on SM profiles and illustrates the intricate connections between GMM-explained SMs, serum proteins, and the incidence of MS and CAP, providing insights into the roles of gut dysbiosis in cardiometabolic health via regulating blood metabolites. This study was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Research and Development Program of Guangzhou, 5010 Program for Clinical Research of Sun Yat-sen University, and the 'Pioneer' and 'Leading goose' R&D Program of Zhejiang.

Correlations between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Occurance of Metabolic Syndrome on Patients in Hospital Internal Medicine Clinic

Body Mass Index (BMI) is the index used to classify and score overweight and obesity. An imbalance between energy intake and expenditure may cause the accumulation of fat in the body, which affects the BMI value. BMI is used to detect metabolic syndrome, which is a collection of symptoms that can increase the risk of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. This study aims to determine the correlations between BMI and the incidence of metabolic syndrome at the internal medicine clinic Anutapura Hospital, Palu. This research was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were 96 patients and ATP III criteria was used in the assessment of metabolic syndrome. Individuals were declared metabolic syndrome if they met 3 out of 5 criteria, namely increased waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride levels, and decreased HDL levels. Data analysis used a chi-square test. It obtained a p-value = 0.001 with the results that showed a correlation between BMI and the incidence of metabolic syndrome at the internal medicine clinic, Anutapura General Hospital, Palu. There were correlations between BMI and waist circumference (p = 0.000), blood pressure (p = 0.003), triglycerides (p = 0.000), and HDL (p = 0.000). There were no correlations between BMI and FPG levels (p = 0.531). There is a correlation between BMI and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in the internal medicine clinic Anutapura Hospital, Palu.

Mechanochemical depolymerisation, chemical structure, and in vitro prebiotic potential of glucans derived from microcrystalline cellulose

AbstractConversion of economic microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) into high value-added prebiotic glucans, is not only stimulates utilisation of renewable lignocellulosic biomass, but also provides cheap prebiotics to reduce high incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Herein, glucans (C0.25–C0.50–C1.00) from MCC were prepared by pre-impregnation with dilute sulphuric acid (0.25–0.50–1.00%) and ball-milling treatment for 1 h. NMR spectroscopy and gel-permeation chromatography of the glucan products showed a significant reduction in the degree of polymerisation (DP) and molecular weights (Mw). All prepared glucans improved gut stress evaluated by in vitro digestion and fermentation (young and aging mouse faecal inocula). C1.00 with lower DP and Mw showed better water solubility, earlier peak, and exhibited increased 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl activity, higher ratios of Lactobacillus to Escherichia coli, and a higher level of short chain fatty acids better than C0.25 and C0.50 treatment (P &lt; 0.05). Better prebiotic effects were observed in aging mice than in young mice. The highest ratio of Lactobacillus to E. coli was a 2.13-fold increase for aging mice compared to a 1.79-fold increase for young mice, relative to the initial value after C1.00 treatment. The study provides a novel pathway and a new resource for producing glucan.

Substance use and incidence of metabolic syndrome before midlife among military adults: the CHIEF cohort study.

Habitual substance use, i. e., alcohol, tobacco and betel nut, has been found with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the general population, whereas the association remains unclear in physically fit military personnel. This study aimed to investigate the combination of these substances use and their associations with new-onset MetS in the military. A total of 2,890 military men and women, aged 18-39 years, without MetS were obtained from the cardiorespiratory fitness and health in eastern armed forces study (CHIEF) in Taiwan and followed for incident MetS from baseline (2014) through the end of 2020. Incident MetS event was defined by the International Diabetes Federation guideline and confirmed in the annual health examinations. A self-report was used to assess the alcohol, tobacco and betel nut use status (active vs. former/never). Multivariable Cox regression model was performed to determine the association with adjustments for sex, age, body mass index and physical activity at baseline. At baseline, there were 279 active betel nut chewers (9.7%), 991 active smokers (34.3%) and 1,159 active alcohol consumers (40.1%). During a mean follow-up of 6.0 years, 673 incident MetS (23.3%) were observed. As compared to no substance users, only one substance, and two and three substances users had a greater risk of incident MetS [hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals: 1.27 (1.06-1.54), 1.38 (1.12-1.69) and 1.78 (1.37-2.32), respectively]. In subgroup analyses, the risk of incident MetS in two and three substances users was significantly greater in those free of baseline low high-density lipoprotein [HRs: 1.54 (1.21-1.95) and 2.57 (1.92-3.46), respectively], as compared to their counterparts (both p for interactions <0.05). A dose-response association of more substances use for new-onset MetS was noted in military personnel. This finding suggests that the combined alcohol, tobacco and betel nut use may play a role in the development of MetS. Further study is required to establish causation and to investigate the potential benefits of substance use cessation in reducing the risk of MetS.

Evolution of Metabolic Syndrome in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Asian-Indian Patients Over the Last 15 Years using Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program, World Health Organization, and International Diabetes Federation Criterion.

A retrospective observational study was undertaken to assess the changing trends in the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Asian-Indian patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) using Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-ATP III), World Health Organization (WHO), and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The overall and gender-wise pattern of MetS and its components were also evaluated. Newly diagnosed T2D patients (n = 10,950)visiting Dr Panikar's Diabetes Care Centre from 2004 to 2019 with retrievable electronic medical records were selected. The incidence of MetS in these patients was studied using NCEP-ATP III, WHO, and IDF criteria in three separate timelines, namely, group I (2004-2008), group II (2009-2013), and group III (2014-2019). Overall and gender-wise, the incidence of various components of the MetS was also studied and compared across the three groups. All data were analyzed by using the Statistical Software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10.0. Continuous variables were summarized by the number of observations (mean, standard deviation or median with minimum and maximum) and categorical values (calculating frequencies with percentages). Chi-square was used to estimate the incidence of MetS using different criteria and gender-wise patterns of the MetS components for the three periods. Other variables, such as mean body mass index (BMI), were assessed by applying variance analysis (ANOVA test). All values were reported based on a two-sided ANOVA test, and all the statistical tests were interpreted at a 5% level of significance. In the current study, the overall incidence of MetS observed among the study population was 80.9, 65.4, and 69.8% using NCEP-ATP III, WHO, and IDF criteria, respectively. The incidence of MetS across the three timelines (i.e., from 2004 to 2019) with all the diagnostic criteria showed a steady increase. An analysis of the individual components of MetS revealed a high incidence of central obesity across all subgroups, followed by hypertension and dyslipidemia. Central obesity was prevalent in nearly 85.9% of patients in 2014-2019 vs 78.6% in the 2004-2008 subgroup. Similarly, the incidence of hypertension and overall dyslipidemia [i.e., high triglycerides (TGs) and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)] was 77.8% and 68.2% in the former vs 67.9% and 59.6% in the latter, respectively. The incidence of all three MetS components, along with fasting sugar, showed a statistically significant and progressive increase over the years, with prevalence in group III (2014-2019) being the highest. Women were found to be more centrally obese and more dyslipidemic compared to men, whereas men were found to be more hypertensive. The study shows a high incidence of MetS in Asian-Indian patients with newly diagnosed T2D. The incidence of MetS was significantly higher with the NCEP-ATP III diagnostic criteria than with WHO and IDF criteria. A steady rise in the incidence of MetS was observed over the study period of 2004-2019. Among the components of MetS, the incidence of central obesity, elevated TG levels, and low HDL-C were found to be higher in the female population than in males, whereas the incidence of hypertension was higher in males. Stringent lifestyle measures, along with appropriate pharmacological management, might help mitigate the risks associated with MetS.

Metabolic changes due to dexamethasone premedication in patients with breast cancer.

e24127 Background: The treatment for patients diagnosed with breast cancer is based, in the curative intent scenario, on chemotherapy (CT) such as anthracyclines and taxanes. We are aware that some drugs are widely used and necessary before CT administration to avoid unwanted side effects. Dexamethasone is part of the arsenal of these medications, however, pathological conditions resulting from high doses of administration of this corticosteroid are clinically evident in these patients. In this study we aim to evaluate whether omitting a dose of corticosteroid therapy as a premedication after the second week of treatment with taxane can prevent or reduce the incidence of metabolic changes, and its impact on a patient's quality of life (QoL). Methods: A prospective, randomized, open label study. Breast cancer patients with indication for adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment with doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel + trastuzumab (AC-T+ TTZ) chemotherapy were randomized to standard arm, with dexamethasone 10 mg IV administered pre-paclitaxel in all cycles and experimental arm, where dexamethasone was omitted from the premedication from the third to the last taxane application. Results: 86 patients were included, 43 patients in each arm. Premedication was administered every cycle and/ or week before the administration of chemotherapy drugs. Patients had lab analysis and QoL EORTC QLQ-C30 before the beginning of the CT, before the third application of Paclitaxel and 24 hours after the last administration. We observed an increase in ACTH in the experimental group, which is predictable since high doses of corticosteroids suppress the hormone pathway; a drop of insulin levels in its levels in the experimental group and stability in its serum levels in the control group; a stability of GH and IGF-1 in the control group and a more pronounced drop in circulating levels of this hormone in the experimental group. The control group had a greater increase in the excretion of aldosterone, probably due water retention caused by the use of dexamethasone. There were no adverse events reported in the experimental group and also hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reactions were not observed. The EORTC-QLQ-C30 scores related to diarrhea, constipation, inappetence and insomnia were better in the experimental group, as well the average score for global health. Conclusions: The omission of dexamethasone in patients in the experimental group improved QOL scores related to common AEs during CT, mainly GI and also insomnia. Insulin levels were also lower in this group. The potential reduction of the incidence of metabolic syndrome seems palusible but would require larger sample size. The short term safety and tolerability of this regimen warrants its use in larger populations. Clinical trial information: NCT04350229 .

Supplementation with dimethylglycine sodium salt improves lipid metabolism disorder in intrauterine growth-retarded pigs

This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of lipid metabolism disorder in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) pigs and the potential alleviating effects of dimethylglycine sodium salt (DMG-Na). A total of 60 male newborn piglets were selected for this study. Within each litter, one normal birth weight (NBW) male piglet (1.53 ± 0.04 kg) and two IUGR male piglets (0.76 ± 0.06 kg) were chosen based on their birth weight. The piglets were divided into three groups for the study: NBW pigs received a PBS gavage and a common basal diet (NBW-C group), IUGR pigs received the same PBS gavage and common basal diet (IUGR-C group), and IUGR pigs received a 70-mg DMG-Na gavage along with a common basal diet supplemented with 0.1% DMG-Na (IUGR-D group). At 150 d of age, all piglets underwent euthanasia by exsanguination following electrical stunning, after which plasma, liver, and longissimus dorsi (LM) samples were promptly collected. The IUGR-D group demonstrated improvements in plasma parameters (P < 0.05), with lower triglyceride and free fatty acid (FFA) values, and hormone levels (P < 0.05), with lower growth hormone, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance values. Restoration of lipid metabolism was observed (P < 0.05), with lower triglyceride and FFA, and higher hepatic lipase and total lipase values in the liver, and lower triglyceride and FFA values in the LM. Mitochondrial ETC complexes showed increased levels (P < 0.05), including higher complex III values in the liver, and higher complex I, complex III, and complex V values in the LM. Enhanced levels of energy metabolites were noted (P < 0.05), with higher NAD+, NAD+/NADH, adenosine triphosphate, and mtDNA values, and lower NADH values in the liver and LM. Additionally, meat quality parameters showed improvement (P < 0.05), with higher pH 24 h and a∗ values, and lower drip loss 48 h, L∗, and b∗ values. The expressions of lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function-related genes and proteins were upregulated (P < 0.05) compared to the IUGR-C group. In conclusion, it was indicated that IUGR pigs experienced lipid metabolism disorders and diminished performance. However, supplementation with DMG-Na showed promise in mitigating these adverse physiological effects by safeguarding body tissues and modulating energy metabolism.

Longitudinal associations of DXA-measured visceral adipose tissue and cardiometabolic risk in middle-to-older aged adults

Background and aimsDXA-measured visceral adipose tissue (VATDXA) is associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk profiles in cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal associations have not been investigated. We examined the longitudinal associations of baseline and change in VATDXA with future cardiometabolic risk in Australian participants of the Busselton Healthy Ageing study. Methods and resultsWe studied 3569 participants (54.7% female, aged 46–70 years) with data on VATDXA (GE Lunar Prodigy) and cardiometabolic risk factors at baseline and 6 years follow-up. The associations were examined using logistic and linear regression models, adjusting for baseline age and lifestyle factors. Mean baseline VATDXA mass was 1653 ± 880 g and 855 ± 580 g, and mean change in VATDXA +99 ± 500 g and +58 ± 312 g in males and females, respectively. Among all participants, 182 males (11.3%) and 197 females (10.1%) developed incident metabolic syndrome (MetS). Baseline VATDXA was associated with incident MetS with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.53 (95% CI: 2.03, 3.15) in males and 2.78 (2.30, 3.36) in females per SD increment. There was a graded positive association between longitudinal change in VATDXA and MetS severity z score in both sexes adjusted for baseline VAT (P < 0.001). All the above associations remained significant after further adjustment for baseline or change in BMI, waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio in respective models (all P < 0.001). ConclusionsHigher baseline and greater longitudinal increase in VATDXA are independently associated with raised cardiometabolic risk over time, and may serve as useful markers for identifying middle-aged individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk.

The Relationship Of Nutritional Status With The Incidence Of Metabolic Syndrome In Security And Order Employees In Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a real threat to the occurrence of non-communicable diseases. One of the factors that causes metabolic syndrome is a person's nutritional status. Survey results state that the increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome is related to changes in his, her, their, etc. lifestyle, namely changes in physical activity, lack of exercise and changes in consumption patterns. Unbalanced calorie intake and usage results in excess nutritional status (obesity). Based on this, this research aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in UPI K3 employees.Research Methods: The design used is cross sectional. The population is K3 employees of the University of Education, Indonesia. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling method from 30 K3 officers at the Indonesian University of Education, Bandung City. Data processing uses the chi-square correlation test.Research Result: The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of metabolic syndrome with a p value = 0.029 (0.05). A person with an obese nutritional status has a 5.091 times greater risk of experiencing metabolic syndrome than a person who has a normal nutritional status or is thin. This is because obese sufferers have a greater risk of developing other complications.Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of metabolic syndrome. The importance of implementing a healthy lifestyle, especially in managing adequate diet and exercise to reduce the incidence of metabolic syndrome.

Inositol and taurine ameliorate abnormal liver lipid metabolism induced by high sucrose intake

Previous attempts to limit fat intake failed to reduce metabolic syndrome incidence, spotlighting excessive sucrose consumption phenomenon. Recent studies challenge the traditional belief, actually fructose is predominantly metabolized in the small intestine, not just the liver. Evidence supports sucrose overconsumption leads to hepatic lipid accumulation via gut microbiome modulation, but the mechanisms and prevention strategies remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of osmolytes inositol and taurine, which are abundant in citrus fruits and seafood respectively, on lipid metabolism in rats consuming excessive sucrose. Five-week-old male Wistar rats fed with control diet, high sucrose diet, and high sucrose diet with inositol or taurine for 28 days. High sucrose diet-induced accumulation of hepatic triglyceride level was reduced only by inositol. Both inositol and taurine decreased hepatic SREBP1, ChREBP, lipogenesis enzymes mRNA levels increased by a high sucrose diet. Taurine also significantly increased the fatty acid uptake major player CD36 mRNA levels in liver. Expression of genes related to fatty acid degradation and transport remained unchanged. In cecal microbiome, high sucrose diet groups showed a decrease in alpha diversity and diverged in beta diversity from the starch diet group, while inositol and taurine did not significantly affect these aspects. Ten bacterial features including genera such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Odoribacter, Streptococcus, etc., were filtered out related to the ameliorative effects of inositol and taurine on lipid metabolism. Overall, both inositol and taurine modulated hepatic lipogenesis and microbiome. However, due to taurine's enhancement of fatty acid uptake, only inositol improved steatosis in high sucrose diet rats.

C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and risk of incident metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling adults: longitudinal findings over a 12-year follow-up period.

The C-reactive protein to albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio has emerged as a novel biomarker for various inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the CRP/Alb ratio and incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) with a large-sample, community-based Korean cohort over a 12-year follow-up period. Among 10,030 participants, a total of 6205 participants aged 40-69 years without MetS were selected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The baseline CRP/Alb ratio was divided into quartiles. The definition of newly developed MetS was the one proposed by the 2009 Joint Interim Statement of Circulation. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident MetS were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models after adjusting for potentially confounding variables. During the 12-year follow-up period, MetS developed in 2535 subjects (40.9%, 2535/6205) with an incidence rate of 5.6-11.9 (over 2 years). Compared to the reference first quartiles, the HRs (95% CIs) of incident MetS in the second, third, and fourth quartiles increased in a dose-response manner. Compared to the reference quartile, the HRs (95% CIs) of the incidence of MetS for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of CRP/Alb ratio were 1.12 (0.99-1.27), 1.24 (1.11-1.40), and 1.51 (1.34-1.69) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, total cholesterol, mean arterial pressure, HOMA-IR, and total energy intake. High CRP/Alb ratio at baseline may be a useful surrogate indicator of future incident MetS.

The Effects of Sustained Immunosuppression Withdrawal After Liver Transplantation on Metabolic Syndrome.

Liver transplant (LT) recipients often experience adverse effects of immunosuppressive (IS) drugs, especially on metabolic profiles. Selected LT recipients can achieve successful IS withdrawal; however, its effects on metabolic syndrome (MS) are unknown. This is a retrospective single-center study investigating the incidence and/or regression of MS in 75 selected LT recipients who were previously enrolled in prospective IS withdrawal trials between 1999 and 2017. Patients who were transplanted due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis/metabolic-associated fatty liver disease were excluded, as well as those with a follow-up <3 y after IS weaning. Forty-four patients (58.7%) achieved sustained withdrawal or minimization of immunosuppression (WMIS) and 31 patients (41.3%) required reintroduction of immunosuppression (no-WMIS). Among LT recipients who were metabolically healthy (n = 52, 69.3%) before the start of IS weaning, there was a significantly lower rate of de novo MS in WMIS patients compared with no-WMIS patients after 5 y (8.3% and 47.8%, respectively, P = 0.034). Of 23 LT recipients (30.7%) who had MS at the time of commencing IS withdrawal, complete regression of MS was observed in 47.1% of WMIS patients and in none (0%) of the no-WMIS patients after 5 y (P = 0.054). Furthermore, individual components of MS were better controlled in IS-weaned patients, such as arterial hypertension and abnormal serum lipids. Achievement of sustained IS withdrawal reduces the incidence of de novo MS development in metabolically healthy patients and increases the likelihood of MS regression in patients with established MS. The foreseeable long-term beneficial effects of these favorable metabolic changes on morbidity and mortality of LT recipients require further investigation.