Meta-synthesis Method Research Articles

Analysis of Studies Based on Türkiye Examining the Relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Education: A Meta Synthesis Study

Artificial intelligence is defined as human-made systems that mimic the thinking, perception, and learning abilities of the human brain, using the information they gather and having the ability to improve themselves. With the changes and developments in the field of technology, the use of artificial intelligence has also expanded. The increasing popularity of artificial intelligence in the field of education has led to a rise in research on this topic. This paper aims to synthesize the existing literature on the applications of artificial intelligence in education within a specific time frame and to develop a holistic perspective. In the paper, 20 studies written in the last five years on artificial intelligence and education were examined using the metasynthesis method. The research question is defined as: "What trends exist in academic research on artificial intelligence and education conducted in Turkey over the past five years?" The data source for the research was determined using the criterion sampling method. For this purpose, a detailed search was conducted in databases such as Google Scholar, Academia, TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM, and Dergipark using the keyword "artificial intelligence and education." As a result of the analyses, it was found that while the study emphasizes the contributions of artificial intelligence to the field of education, there are also some concerns on the subject. The contributions of artificial intelligence, particularly in terms of providing personalized learning experiences, saving time, and improving student performance, were highlighted, but concerns were raised regarding data privacy and the ethical principles in the use of artificial intelligence. Additionally, it was found that there are educational and developmental needs for artificial intelligence users.

Factors affecting coaching in higher education: a meta-synthesis approach

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify and investigate which factors affect coaching in higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a qualitative meta-synthesis method. Based on the seven-step method (Sandelowski and Barroso, 2006), articles related to coaching in higher education were searched in five databases between 2012 and 2022. After step-by-step reviews and implementation of the critical evaluation skills program, 34 articles were selected from 1,711 sources.FindingsFollowing the analysis of 58 obtained codes, seven sub-themes and three themes were extracted. The results showed that the key factors affecting coaching in higher education include individual (personal skills, personal attitudes, personal behaviors), structural (environmental contexts, organizational contexts), and managerial factors (planning actions, supporting actions).Practical implicationsThe present study provides a framework for policy-making, implementation, evaluation and development of coaching programs in universities and provides a great help and support for planners and administrators of higher education institutions who want to design and implement coaching for the first time.Originality/valueThe presented factors provide effective information to higher education institutions so that they can offer coaching intervention more efficiently and help them allocate resources in a more efficient and strategic manner.

General Trends in National Research on Web-Based Instruction in Science Education: A Meta-Synthesis Study

This study analyzes Turkish studies on web-based instruction in the field of science education using the meta-synthesis method with the aim of determining the general trends of the analyzed studies. A total of 20 studies published between 2006 and 2022, including 7 doctoral dissertations, 11 master theses, and 2 journal articles, were analyzed with a qualitative research design. These studies were identified using the databases of the YÖK National Thesis Center, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. The studies were analyzed using a coding form that included ten categories: year of publication, type of publication, purpose of the research, method, data collection tools, data analysis method, grade level, sample size, learning domain, and outcome of the research. The obtained data were interpreted according to the specified categories. It was concluded that a significant portion of the analyzed studies were conducted with the aim of examining web-based instruction and Web 2.0 tools, mixed research designs and semi-structured interview forms were most often used, most studies were conducted with students in the 6th and 7th grades, and web-based instruction was generally found to be more effective than traditional instruction. This study provides an overview of research on web-based instruction in the field of science education, serves as a resource for future research, and offers new ideas and suggestions for researchers in this field.

Developing a model of digital transformation of university libraries based on meta-synthesis

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop a model for the digital transformation of university libraries based on meta-synthesis.Design/methodology/approachThe approach of this research was qualitative and used the Sandelowski and Barroso’s (2007) seven-step meta-synthesis method to systematically review the literature. The statistical population of the research includes all the scientific publications related to the foundations and dimensions of the digital transformation of university libraries, counting the scientific publications retrieved from six scientific databases in the period from 2004 to 2022, and was based on the critical appraisal skills programme and a screening process.FindingsBased on the retrieved publications, 32 documents were selected for further review and analysis. First, a separate code was considered for all the factors extracted from the selected documents, and then, considering the concept of each of the codes, they were categorized into a similar concept. In this way, the research concepts were determined. Based on the analysis done with the help of the content analysis method, there are a total of seven main categories and 24 concepts, including digital culture (including: digital attitude, user-oriented, agility, participation and cooperation, creativity and innovation and learning digital skills of employees), digital librarian (containing: individual competence, knowledge competence, communication competence and skill competence), digital manager (comprising: individual competence, knowledge competence, skill competence), digital services and resources (including, optimally reorganizing library resources, providing digital services to users and providing digital services to the mother organization), digital technologies (containing: digital infrastructure, technological readiness and using digital technologies), support and cooperation of upstream institutions and the mother organization (dealing with: providing human resources, providing technological resources and equipment and making macro policies) and work process and development of digital strategies (comprising: digitalization of processes and development of library digital strategies).Originality/valueDigital transformation is a complex and multi-faceted process, yet it is an indispensable endeavour for university libraries, and managers and librarians cannot be expected to be familiar with these concepts without training or study and then be able to move in the right direction towards the digital transformation of libraries. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to develop a model for the digital transformation of university libraries. The results of this research indicate the effective factors and requirements needed for the digital transformation of university libraries and address the importance of understanding the concepts for managers and librarians.

Impact investments opportunities and limitations

In recent decades, global economic community has increasingly emphasized the need to balance financial returns with social, environmental, and other non-financial values. In this context, the impact investing concept is an important step in investment strategies development aimed at achieving not only financial returns, but also positive social and environmental impacts. The purpose of the study is to provide a comprehensive and objective analysis of the opportunities and constraints accompanying impact investing in order to develop a deeper understanding of its essence and contribution to sustainable economic and social development and, as a consequence, to ensure its informed and effective use to achieve positive social and environmental transformation. The research methodology provides for the search and collection of scientific information with the subsequent use of meta-analysis and meta-synthesis methods, the application of Goldratt’s constraints theory and the use of system analysis. The theoretical basis is provided by studies and publications in the field of impact investing, sustainable development, social responsibility, and standards of non-financial, integrated reporting, including articles, monographs, reports, and official documents of organizations engaged in the investments’ development with positive social and environmental impact. The study has identified three significant perspectives provided by the impact investing paradigm and articulated three inherent limitations to the use of this investment practice. The paper has also confirmed that the identified perspectives and limitations show a strong interconnection and influence on each other, which is important for a full and deep understanding of the role and significance of impact investing in the contemporary context.

Providing an innovative model for social customer relationship management: Meta synthesis approach

Social Customer Relationship Management (SCRM) has revolutionized the interaction between companies and customers, creating new opportunities and challenges for both parties. This study aims to present an innovative model for identifying the dimensions and components of SCRM. The data were collected based on a qualitative research design utilizing the meta-synthesis method, following the seven steps outlined by Sandelowski and Barroso (2007). Considering the relevance to the research topic and the quality of sources, 31 studies were selected for the final evaluation. To assess the reliability of the findings, the kappa coefficient for inter-coder agreement was used, resulting in a kappa value of 0.79. The results, analyzed using MAXQDA20 software, 2 dimensions, 6 categories, and 16 concepts identified. The company-focused dimension included 3 categories: factors influencing adoption, inhibitors, and outcomes of implementation. Similarly, the customer-focused dimension identified 3 categories: factors influencing adoption, inhibitors, and outcomes of implementation. Ultimately, a comprehensive model for SCRM was developed. The results of this research can be utilized by academic references as well as companies and consumers.

CHALLENGES EXPERIENCED BY PRESCHOOL TEACHERS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION PRACTICES IN TURKEY: A META-SYNTHESIS STUDY (2014-2022)

Children’s first formal education begins with preschool education. The science activities included in the preschool curriculum are the children’s first planned learning experience to support their scientific process skills. During the preschool period, teachers have an important role in planning and implementing science activities. Therefore, the challenges that teachers encounter in science education practices during the preschool period are significant. The purpose of this research is to examine the challenges encountered by preschool teachers in science education practices in Turkey through a meta-synthesis method and to discuss the findings of qualitative studies that suggest solutions to these challenges. As a result of this meta-synthesis research, the challenges experienced by preschool teachers in science education were presented under five themes: ‘Challenges Related to Shortages of Materials’, ‘Challenges Related to Physical Conditions’, ‘Challenges in Establishing a Science Center’, ‘Challenges Encountered in Planning’, and ‘Challenges in Practice and Evaluation’. As a result of this study, the reasons for the challenges experienced by preschool teachers in science education within the five identified themes were explained, and solutions were provided for these reasons.

INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS AND SPEAKING ANXIETY: INSIGHTS FROM A META-SYNTHETIC ANALYSIS

This study presents a comprehensive meta-synthetic analysis of speaking anxiety among Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Speaking anxiety is a common challenge that significantly impacts the language acquisition process, affecting learners' confidence, performance, and overall proficiency. The meta-synthesis method was employed to integrate and interpret findings from multiple qualitative and quantitative studies conducted in the Indonesian context. The analysis reveals several key factors contributing to speaking anxiety, including fear of negative evaluation, lack of confidence in language proficiency, and cultural influences on communication styles. Additionally, the study highlights the role of educational environments and teacher-student dynamics in exacerbating or alleviating anxiety. The findings suggest that targeted interventions, such as supportive teaching practices, anxiety-reducing classroom activities, and the development of a positive learning environment, can effectively mitigate speaking anxiety. This meta-synthesis provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers aiming to enhance EFL education in Indonesia by addressing the psychological barriers to effective language learning. By synthesizing diverse perspectives and empirical evidence, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of speaking anxiety in the Indonesian EFL context and offers practical recommendations for fostering a more conducive learning atmosphere for language learners.

Lived experiences of COVID-19 disease: a qualitative meta-synthesis

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, various aspects of human life were changed around the world. The present study aimed to provide a systematic review of the available evidence on lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a systematic review of the meta-synthesis type. Evidence from studies from 2019 to 2021 was used. Keywords of lived experiences, experiences, people, nation, patients, community, COVID-19, corona, and corona disease were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of articles. A qualitative meta-synthesis was performed by a researcher based on a three-step meta-synthesis method described by Thomas and colleagues. MAXQDA 10 was used for data analysis. The present study is based on the guidelines for Enhancing transparency in reporting the meta-synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ). The reliability of this study had a Kappa coefficient of 0.660 with a consistency rate of 98.766%. Results: Finally, the data from 11 articles were analyzed. The main and sub-themes obtained in this study included negative aspects (chaos, hustle associated, dualities, bad body, value decay, seclusion, psychological challenges) as well as positive aspects (opportunities arising from the individual, family, and social stability). Conclusion: Problems of life during COVID-19 should be considered as part of the COVID-19 pandemic care program. Individual assessments should normally be considered in a public health crisis. It is recommended to conduct serious, in-depth, and practical research in this field.

Coping Mechanisms Utilized by Individuals With Drug Addiction in Overcoming Challenges During the Recovery Process: A Qualitative Meta-synthesis.

Recovery from drug addiction often poses challenges for the recovering person. The coping mechanisms employed by these individuals to resist temptations and manage stress play a key role in the healing process. This study was conducted to explore the coping strategies or techniques that individuals with addiction use to handle stress and temptation while undergoing treatment. A qualitative meta-synthesis approach was utilized to critically evaluate relevant qualitative research. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines were used for article selection, with these standards applied to 4 academic databases: Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and CINAHL. The present review included studies published between 2014 and 2023, selected based on pre-established inclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Studies Checklist. This review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration number CRD42024497789. The analysis of 13 qualifying qualitative articles revealed 5 major themes illustrating the coping mechanisms employed in the pursuit of recovery by individuals who use drugs. These themes include seeking social support, as well as psychological coping strategies, spiritual experiences, professional interventions, and the enhancement of awareness. Among individuals with drug addiction, coping mechanisms are crucial for resisting stress and temptations throughout the recovery process. Healthcare professionals, as medical specialists, can establish more thorough and effective plans to support these patients on their path to recovery.

A new challenge in accounting education: convergence of maturity model, education and evaluation in accounting

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose a framework for the convergence of maturity model and education and evaluation in accounting.Design/methodology/approachThe present research was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, to determine the indicators of convergence of the maturity model and education and evaluation in accounting, a Meta-Synthesis method was used. The conceptual model includes two dimensions of “Teaching and learning processes” and “Evaluation methods"; five levels of initial, repeatable, defined, managed and optimized; and a total number of 35 indicators. In the second phase, a questionnaire was developed, and academics as accounting faculty members in Iranian public universities were employed to fill out the questionnaire electronically and present a final framework. Having received the questionnaires, 66 questionnaires were analyzed statistically.FindingsThe results showed that the two dimensions of “Teaching and learning processes” and “Evaluation methods” considering initial, repeatable, defined, managed and optimized levels include 35 indicators, which form a framework for the convergence of maturity model and education and evaluation in accounting. The results show that both dimensions have positive and significant regression path coefficients in the convergence model. Moreover, the dimension of teaching and learning processes has the highest regression path coefficient indicating a greater impact on the convergence model. Besides, all five levels have positive and significant regression path coefficients with dimensions. Finally, in this study, all indicators were prioritized according to five levels.Originality/valueDue to the success of maturity models and the urgent developments that require transformative improvements in accounting education, maturity models can respond to the challenges associated with education and learning in accounting. Thus, conceiving an image of the convergence of maturity model, education and evaluation in accounting seems imperative which has been scarcely investigated previously.

Factors impeding physical activity in older hospitalised patients: A qualitative meta-synthesis.

Older hospitalised patients have low levels of physical activity and multiple impairing factors. To systematically evaluate the perceived barriers to physical activity among older patients during hospitalisation, and provide reference for future intervention programs. Following ENTREQ, do a systematic evaluation and synthesis of qualitative investigations. An exhaustive exploration was conducted across the CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science from their inception until August, 2023 to identify qualitative research on obstacles to physical activity among older hospital patients. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool for qualitative research. Meta-synthesis method was used to integrate the results. In total, 8 literatures were included, 43 themes were extracted, and analogous research results were amalgamated to generate 10 categories and 3 syntheses: individual level, interpersonal influencing factors and hospital environment and resources level. Older inpatients are faced with multiple barriers to physical activity. Medical staff should pay attention to changes in physical activity during hospitalisation, identify barriers to physical activity in older inpatients and provide references for promoting physical activity programs for the older. This study is a meta-synthesis and does not require relevant contributions from patients or the public. Older patients are at low physical activity levels during hospitalisation. Older inpatients are faced with multiple barriers to physical activity. Factors of physical activity impairment in hospitalised older patients should be considered in the context of health status, psychological factors, motivation and social support. Disease-induced psychological fallout has a greater impact on physical activity in the older.

Trends dan Dampak Penelitian Halal Tourism Dunia: Meta Sintesis dan Blibliometric Analysis

Researchers about the world's Muslims have presented a collection of scientific works on halal tourism in many countries. The positive impact of tourism can be seen in terms of social, cultural, environmental, and economic. This article aims to see the trends and impact of the development of research on halal tourism around the world. To approach this problem, bibliometric analysis is used as a method that can map research specialization, and the meta-synthesis method as a technique for integrating data to obtain broader results. This study concludes that there are 25 top countries identified in publications related to halal tourism. The impact of halal tourism is positive on the economic sector, so the results of the literature explain that halal tourism brings foreign exchange, especially in the tourism sector.

Perspectives on the Public Interest and Social Justice in Planning

“Social justice” and “public interest” have traditionally been fundamental concepts for most planning theories. The planning literature about these concepts has become a complex set of interpretations that make it difficult to explain the relationship between the two concepts. The current article attempts to shed light on this conceptual confusion about the relationship between these concepts by using the meta-synthesis method. This meta-synthesis leads to the identification of four distinct perspectives “Utilitarians,” “Democratic Proceduralists,” “Structuralists,” and “Post-structuralists.” Each of which places them in different positions from each other according to their distinct definitions of these concepts.

Analysis of Postgraduate Theses on Environmental Literacy in Türkiye through Meta-Synthesis

Environment is the habitat where humans, animals, plants, and other living organisms sustain their lives and interact with one another. Environmental literacy, as for that, is a skill that enables us to understand the environment we live in, to create a common consciousness towards the environment, to know the responsibilities towards the environment, and to transmit the environment to future generations by protecting it. In this study, the aim is to analyse postgraduate theses prepared on environmental literacy in Türkiye by using the meta-synthesis method. Answers to the main question of "What is the trend of postgraduate theses prepared in Türkiye in the field of environmental literacy?" and the accompanying sub-questions are scrutinized. During the preparation of this study as a qualitative research, literature review and meta-synthesis methods are utilized. The study group of the research consist of 24 postgraduate theses found in the Higher Education Board National Thesis Center Database by typing the keyword "environmental literacy" in the search bar, which were prepared in the field of education. These theses were examined, classified, and evaluated based on certain criteria. It can be said that interesting results related to environmental literacy were obtained within the scope of the study.

Health and medical experience of migrant workers: qualitative meta-synthesis

BackgroundMigrant workers in Korea are contributing to economic development by resolving labour shortages due to the increase in the ageing population, and they have become necessary and important in the Korean economy. However, long working hours, poor working conditions, and cultural differences can cause migrant workers to experience disadvantages in using health and medical services. Therefore, this study aimed to understand and analyse the health and medical service experience of migrant workers in Korea by reviewing previous studies in order to improve their health and access to medical services.MethodThe qualitative meta-synthesis method suggested by Thomas and Harden was used. The key question for searching the literature is ‘What is the status of the use of health and medical service by migrant workers in Korea and the attributes that affect them?' Five electronic databases (RISS, KCI, KISS, Science ON, and KMbase) were searched for Korean literature published in academic journals until 6 November 2022 using a combination of “migrant worker or foreign worker or foreign labourer or migrant” and “medical or health” in Korean.ResultsA total of nine studies out of 1,006 were included in the review after methodological quality assessment using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). The results of studies were synthesised into three themes and ten sub-themes: ‘Personal factors’ of personal health beliefs and the financial burden of healthcare costs; ‘Cultural factors’ of cultural differences in the lifestyle, cultural differences in the healthcare environment, and traditional medicine in the country; and ‘Socio-institutional factors’ of poor and difficult working environment, insufficient information about medical institutions, policies with a lack of practical applicability, systems of healthcare institutions, and healthcare services usage.ConclusionsThis study identified the experiences of migrant workers in using health and medical care services. The results of this study can be used as a basis for improving the health of migrant workers and access to healthcare services. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to improve the health management ability of migrant workers by developing a health management platform that can support Korean medical information and provide professional and accurate self-health management information.

Unlocking the potential: A comprehensive meta-synthesis of Internet of Things in the sports industry

The current research aims to answer two significant research questions: What are the dimensions of the application of the Internet of Things in the sports industry? And what are the components of each aspect of using the Internet of Things in the sports industry? Also, this study responds to the development of literature on Industry 4.0 technologies in the sports industry. The current research used the meta-synthesis method and the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso to review 131 related qualitative studies. The results of the surveys include 10 dimensions and 79 indicators of Internet of Things applications in the sports industry, including health management, safety and security management, optimization of management processes, fan experience, management of sports facilities and venues, improving performance (of referees and athletes), marketing and media, smart equipment, and sports tourism. The applications obtained from Internet of Things technology can be used in the determined dimensions for developing and improving sports. Finally, it is important to emphasize the importance of continuing to deepen knowledge about the Internet of Things as well as the new technologies available in the fourth generation of the industrial revolution and its applications in the field of sports. Research aimed at studying the potential of these technologies in the sports industry and its management is necessary.

Systematic literature review: The use of the concept of perezhivanie in research on teacher training

The aim of this study was to map research, based on a qualitative approach, that uses the Vygotskian concept of perezhivanie (lived experience) as a category of analysis in research on teacher training. The bibliographic survey was carried out using the systematic literature review and meta-synthesis method. As a result of this procedure, four scientific publications that make use of the concept of perezhivanie were identified. Thus, despite being found in several of Vygotsky’s works, we consider that the concept of perezhivanie has been little used in scientific studies inspired by the theoretical heritage of this author. By mapping research on teacher training and perezhivanie, this study provides new starting points for investigations that seek to move forward with the reflection on the importance of considering lived experiences and the interrelationship between emotion and intellect in teacher training courses.

Effective factors in evaluating tourism marketing performance

<p>Given that the survival of organizations depends on their ability to create value and value is defined by customers. Marketing is a tool to attract customers and it is contributing to the long-term commercial success and therefore, evaluating their performance is a crucial task for management. Due to the fact that there is lack of specific criteria and indicators to evaluate marketing performance, this paper proposes the criteria and related indicators for performance evaluation of tourism marketing by adopting meta-synthesis method and grounded and multi grounded theories. The statistical population included academic and industrial experts were identified from universities and tourism sector activists in Malaysia. This study introduces 11 main criteria and 40 indicators for each aspect in order to evaluate the performance of tourist attraction.</p>

Analysis of Dimensions and Components of Strategy in Media Based on the Meta-Synthesis Method

Today, media have influenced all aspects of life. Therefore, a deeper understanding of media strategy is essential. The aim of the present study was to analyze the dimensions and components of strategy in media based on the meta-synthesis method. In this research, using the meta-synthesis approach, an attempt was made to systematically analyze the scientific literature in this field and provide a conceptual framework for configuring the subject of science and technology diplomacy. To this end, out of 130 identified relevant sources, after undergoing the necessary steps, a total of 23 sources were reviewed and analyzed. The findings indicated that the concepts related to media strategy can be categorized into four main dimensions: the nature and essence of strategy in media, the formulation of strategy in media, the implementation and execution of strategy in media, and finally, the outcomes, evaluation, and impact assessment of strategy in media.