Abstract T he author referred to the observations of Professor M‘Coy and the Rev. W. B. Clark on the occurrence of fossils of Mesozoic age in Australia, and then proceeded to notice the species which he had obtained from that region. Fossils of Mesozoic type occur both in Western Australia, in the centre of the Continent on Stuart’s route, and in Queensland; but the specimens have hitherto been found in apparently drifted blocks, and nothing is known of the bedded rocks from which they are derived. The author stated that the Australian Mesozoic fossils agree, not only in genera, but also in many cases in species, with British forms; and he gave a list of species from Western Australia, identical with British species from the Middle and Upper Lias, the Inferior Oolite, and the Cornbrash. Of the fossils from Queensland also, many are said to be identical with, or very nearly allied to, British species; but the author regards the general type of the Queensland remains as referring them to the Upper Oolite. A gigantic species of Crioceras is regarded by the author as possibly indicative of the occurrence of Neocomian deposits in Australia. The fossil evidence upon which Professor M‘Coy inferred the occurrence of the Muschelkalk in Australia was said by the author to be nugatory, his supposed Myophoria proving to be a Trigonia nearly allied to T. gibbosa of the Portland Oolite, and his doubtful Orthoceras a small Serpula . The author had found no indications of the existence of Triassic or Liassic deposits in Queensland. The blocks from Western Australia, referred by the author to the Middle Lias, contain Myacites liassianus (Quenst.), and are quite as highly ferruginous as the English Marlstone. The species identified by the author with British Oolitic species would indicate a range from the Inferior Oolite to the Cornbrash; the author suggested that the species may have had a longer range in time in Australia than in England, or that the subordinate divisions of the Oolite were not clearly marked in the Australian Mesozoic deposits. He is inclined to refer the fossils to the period of the Inferior Oolite. The author inferred, from the occurrence of these Mesozoic fossils in drifted blocks at the two extremities of Australia, separated by 38° of longitude, that an enormous denudation of rocks of the secondary series has taken place over a considerable part of Australia. Descriptions of a great number of new species were appended to the paper.