Behavior Of Merchants Research Articles

A Study on the Design of Incentive Contracts for Platform Economy Regulation Based on Dual Principal–Agents

A system of incentives can be established to encourage several parties to unite as a community of interest and become jointly committed to the platform economic governance. The platform economy involves progressively more complex subjects of interest and relationships, which are not the typical principal–agent one-time cooperative relationship. This study investigates the problem of regulatory incentives in the platform economy, specifically focusing on the relationship between the government, platform enterprises, and merchants. It analyzes this issue under conditions of asymmetric information by constructing and solving a dual principal–agent model. The findings indicate the following: (1) the government’s incentives and regulatory mechanisms can be considered as interchangeable to some extent, with decisions made by evaluating their respective costs; (2) the government’s optimal incentives and regulations ultimately shape the self-regulatory behavior of merchants through platform enterprises; and (3) the optimal level of incentives for both the government and the platform enterprise is influenced by factors such as the ability coefficient, the social transformation coefficient, and the merchants’ reliance on the platform enterprise. Additionally, the optimal effort level of the platform enterprise and the merchants increases with higher levels of the regulatory effort, risk sensitivity coefficient, and ability coefficient. A win–win scenario and a long-term, stable cooperative partnership can be reached by the three parties under the ideal incentive intensity. The study’s conclusions can serve as a theoretical foundation and support for the creation of incentive contracts for platform economy regulation.

Unlocking The Puzzle: Locus of Control, Fintech and Financial Literacy in Shaping Financial Behavior

This study is intended to analyze the financial management behavior of merchants in Pasar Besar, Malang City in terms of locus of control and fintech perspectives by presenting financial literacy as a mediation variable. The research design used is quantitative with explanatory research methods. The study population is merchants in Pasar Besar, Malang City with probability sampling techniques using the simple random sampling method. Data analysis techniques using partial least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM). The results showed that locus of control and fintech have a significant positive effect on financial management behavior; Locus of control and fintech have a significant positive effect on financial literacy. The results also stated that financial literacy can mediate the influence of locus of control and fintech on financial management behavior.

Analisis Perilaku Pedagang Grosir Pakaian di Pasar Pagi Samarinda dalam Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam

This research is motivated by behavior in trading activities, where trader behavior or trader ethics should be important to pay attention to because along with the times marked by very rapid economic developments, it causes higher business competition. For example, there are still many traders who make deviations in trading, it is done to get multiple profits by ignoring Islamic business ethics. In the Islamic economy, it has explained about the ethics that must be carried out by traders in carrying out buying and selling activities. This study aims to 1) to determine the behavior of clothing wholesalers in the Samarinda Morning market; 2) to know the behavior of clothing wholesalers in the Samarinda Morning market according to the perspective of Islamic business ethics.
 This type of research is qualitative research using a Descriptive Qualitative approach. The focus of this study is the Behavioral Analysis of Clothing Wholesalers in the Samarinda Morning Market in the Perspective of Islamic Business Ethics. The data sources in this study are Muslim clothing wholesalers, buyers, and UPT Samarinda Morning Market. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are techniques developed by Miles and Huberman, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. Meanwhile, the data validity techniques used are observation extension techniques, techniques for increasing persistence in research, and triangulation techniques.
 The results obtained from this study show that, most of the traders in the Samarinda Morning Market are already good in terms of hospitality, quality of goods/products, appointments, service, and competition among traders. Although there are still traders who make deviations in trading. Meanwhile, the behavior of clothing wholesalers in the Samarinda Morning market seen from the five principles of business ethics in Islam, namely the principle of unity (tawhid), the principle of balance (justice), the principle of free will (free will), the principle of responsibility (responsibility), and the principle of benevolence (ihsan) shows that most traders hold the five principles above. Although there are still some traders who do not hold this principle, most traders have made trades in accordance with the principles of Islamic business ethics.
 Keywords: Merchant Behavior, Islamic Business Ethics

BTextCAN: Consumer fraud detection via group perception

Traditional consumer fraud detection usually relies on the relevant regulatory authorities to conduct inspections through sampling. This would be labor-intensive and inefficient. To address this issue, we conducted a statistical analysis to explore the relationship between frauds and consumer perceptions. Based on the statistical results, we propose a novel deep mixture model-based consumer fraud detection method BTextCAN to detect consumer frauds via the perception of consumer group. By designing a text convolutional attention network (TextCAN) to extract local features with contextual semantic relations from consumer reviews, our approach can mine the opinions of consumers and use their group perception to detect consumer fraud behaviors. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the baseline models. In particular, BTextCAN achieves an accuracy of 79.8% in the binary detection task and 76.5% in the multiclassification detection task. This work is the first research effort to detect fraudulent merchant behavior from consumer reviews. In addition, we have collated and made publicly available the first dataset in this area.

Empirical models of consumer and merchant behavior in the two-sided market of local currency

Local currency is one options for revitalization of local regions. In this study, we model consumer and merchant behavior in the two-sided market of local currency where, inter-side and intra-side interactions among consumers and merchants are considered. For the consumer side, we model whether they use local currency and if so, how much money they exchange. For the merchant side, we model whether they accept local currency payment. Empirical models were developed using stated preference survey data collected in four cities of Hiroshima Prefecture. Empirical results showed that inter-side interactions between consumers and merchants significantly affect the behaviors of both. We also found that consumers’ intra-side interaction and their level of place attachment significantly affects the behavior of consumers.

A Novel Merchant Optimization Algorithm for Solving Optimal Reactive Power Problem

In this paper Merchant Optimization Algorithm (MOA) is proposed to solve the optimal reactive power problem. Projected algorithm is modeled based on the behavior of merchants who gain in the market through various mode and operations. Grouping of the traders will be done based on their specific properties, and by number of candidate solution will be computed to individual merchant. First Group named as “Ruler candidate solution” afterwards its variable values are dispersed to the one more candidate solution and it named as “Serf candidate solution” In standard IEEE 14, 30, 57 bus test systems Merchant Optimization Algorithm (MOA) have been evaluated. Results show the proposed algorithm reduced power loss effectively.

To Count the Absent (or the Problem of the Total Number of Genoese Merchants in Byzantium)

The author develops a mathematical-statistical approach to the problem of estimating the size of Genoese medieval population in Byzantium. The data source is notarial acts covering commercial partnerships, freightage, wills, purchase and sale of houses, goods and people drawn up in the Genoese colony of Constantinople at the end of the 13th century. The will form has a fairly uniform structure. In addition to the mandatory record of names of the contracting parties and witnesses of the transaction, it may also register names of the third parties. Thus, these data on the clientele of Genoese notaries represent a dataset which may indirectly indicate the size of the entire trading Genoese community of Byzantium. This approach is based on a constructed formalized model that describes the behavior of merchants when visiting and concluding a transaction attested by a notary. This makes it possible to pass in a natural way from the initial to the statistical problem of estimating the size of a finite aggregate and use this mathematical theory for its calculation. In this case, the author applies the approach associated with the use of the maximum likelihood function that is a novelty. The resulting formula allows (with a certain degree of probability) one to estimate the required size of the Genoese population. It is interesting that this estimate, on the whole, coincides with the result of A.L. Ponomarev obtained earlier for the same problem using Zipf's empirical law.

Analisis Perilaku Kepatuhan Pajak Merchant-Merchant yang Ada di Tokopedia

This research was carried out to research the tax compiance behavior of merchants in Tokopedia. This research was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the LISREL program. The data used in this research were collected by using questionnaire with a sample of 100 merchants in Tokopedia. Variables in this study include attitudes toward tax compliance, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intentions, and tax compliance of merchants in Tokopedia.The results showed that (1) there was a mutually influential relationship between attitudes to comply with subjective norms. (2) there is no mutually influential relationship between subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. (3) there is no mutually influential relationship between attitudes of obedient behavior with perceived behavioral control. (4) there is an influence between the attitude of behaving obediently to the intention of tax compliance. (5) there is no influence between subjective norms on the intention of tax compliance. (6) there is no influence between perceived behavioral control on tax compliance intentions. (7) there is an influence between the perception of behavioral control on tax compliance behavior. (8) there is an influence between the intention to behave obediently to tax compliance.

PASAR TERPADU H. M. YUSI DI KANDANGAN

M. Yusi Market is a regional market development plan from the government to improve the trade sector in the South Hulu Sungai regency. Kandangan Market as the main market has been unable to be developed to accommodate the large number of traders and the market location provided is not maximally utilized by traders because of the uncomfortable atmosphere because the application of market prototypes is not in accordance with local community buying and selling behavior. The architectural problem solving that is right for the Integrated Market H. M. Yusi in Kandangan is a comfortable market design and in accordance with the buying and selling behavior of market users in Kandangan. Behavioral Architecture method is an approach used to solve architectural problems in the integrated market of H. M. Yusi in Kandangan, namely by approaching the relationship of human behavior to the architectural environment as a consideration of the application of designs that will lead to improvements in the architectural environment. The study method includes the analysis of merchant behavior, buyer behavior and the relationship of behavior of traders and buyers to be able to adjust the needs and behavior of market users. Hygienic and cultural is a concept used to solve the problems of the application of integrated market area buildings that are comfortable and in accordance with market user behavior and Paiwakan Market concept is focus on wet market. The concept is applied to the design of circulation arrangement, achievement, building mass, material, facade ornaments and building utility systems.

PASAR TERPADU H. M. YUSI DI KANDANGAN

M. Yusi Market is a regional market development plan from the government to improve the trade sector in the South Hulu Sungai regency. Kandangan Market as the main market has been unable to be developed to accommodate the large number of traders and the market location provided is not maximally utilized by traders because of the uncomfortable atmosphere because the application of market prototypes is not in accordance with local community buying and selling behavior. The architectural problem solving that is right for the Integrated Market H. M. Yusi in Kandangan is a comfortable market design and in accordance with the buying and selling behavior of market users in Kandangan. Behavioral Architecture method is an approach used to solve architectural problems in the integrated market of H. M. Yusi in Kandangan, namely by approaching the relationship of human behavior to the architectural environment as a consideration of the application of designs that will lead to improvements in the architectural environment. The study method includes the analysis of merchant behavior, buyer behavior and the relationship of behavior of traders and buyers to be able to adjust the needs and behavior of market users. Hygienic and cultural is a concept used to solve the problems of the application of integrated market area buildings that are comfortable and in accordance with market user behavior and Paiwakan Market concept is focus on wet market. The concept is applied to the design of circulation arrangement, achievement, building mass, material, facade ornaments and building utility systems.

Study of Merchant Adoption in Mobile Payment System Based on Ensemble Learning

To explore the influencing factors of the adoption of mobile payment systems from the perspective of merchants, this study builds a data analysis model based on three different ensemble learning algorithms, Adaboost model, random forest and XGBoost model, where static social-economic attributes, dynamic trading behavior and clustering effect variables of merchants are used as independent variables. Moreover, this paper establishes the prediction models and analyzes the prediction accuracy of different models. The results of the study indicate that: 1) Merchants in the housing industry, health hospitals and retail industries are more willing to adopt mobile payment systems; 2) The average daily transaction volume and the average amount of each consumer significantly affect the merchant mobile payment adoption behavior; 3) The adoption of mobile payment systems by neighboring merchants significantly positively affected the adoption behavior of merchants; 4) On the basis of the social-economic attributes of merchants, the hit rate and accuracy of the prediction model were greatly improved after adding transaction data.

PENGARUH PERILAKU BERDAGANG TERHADAP KEUNTUNGAN PENJUALAN PADA PEDAGANG SEMBAKO DI PASAR TRADISIONAL PABUARAN SUBANG

After the global economic crisis since 2008 many economic experts from various countries, especially in the West. Looking for alternative economic concepts that are more established to be implemented in order to get out of the global economic crisis. One alternative is the concept of Islamic economics or Islamic economics which is currently in great demand. With so many delinquency cases of business people or business, Islamic business ethics is very reference to business people so that they do not do too much delinquency in their many previous businesses. Lately, the rules of Islamic business ethics have quickly become the spotlight of various circles for his efforts to be more blessed, to develop according to the Shari'a without cheating in obtaining business profits, especially among medium-sized Islamic business ethics.
 The research formulation in this thesis is: (1) is there an effect of trading behavior on the profit of the sale of the basic needs traders with the ethical study of Islamic business? (2) how big is the effect of trading behavior on sales profits on basic food merchants with the study of Islamic business ethics?
 The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of merchant behavior on the profit of sales at the sembako merchants in the traditional Pabuaran market with the study of Islamic business ethics, and to find out the magnitude of the effect of trading behavior on the profit of sales at sembako merchants in the traditional Pabuaran market based on the study of Islamic business ethics.
 The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. Analysis of the data using normality, validity, reliability and linearity test, t and Rsquare test processing the data using SPSS 22 for windows.
 With the results obtained in this study the level of influence of variable X on variable Y, from the results of Rsquare values ​​the effect of independent variables (trading behavior) on the dependent variable (sales profit) of 48,9%, while the remaining 51,1% is determined by the influence of factors others that were not explained in this study.
 Based on the results of research and discussion of research it can be concluded that profits are influenced by the trading behavior of each trader. From the results of research, traders in Pabuaran Market have implemented Islamic business ethics with every trade transaction without selling defective or defective items that are not suitable for sale, do not reduce the scale or exaggerate but are adjusted to the needs of the buyer, fair in providing services that do not differentiate - the difference between buyers is still valid honest and friendly.

KUALITAS BAKTERIOLOGIS PERALATAN MAKAN DAN PERILAKU PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI SENTRA WISATA JAMBANGAN SURABAYA TAHUN 2016

Food safety is an effort to control the risk factors of contaminations on food both come from food ingredients, people, places and equipment in order to be safe to consume. The purpose of this study was to determine the Behavior of sidewalk merchants and the bacteriological quality of eating equipments in the Jambangan Tourism Center of Surabaya City. This research is descriptive research with cross sectional approach. Data collection was by means of observation, interviews and laboratory tests. Total sample of 20 merchants. Data were analyzed descriptively in narrative form and tables. The results of research showed that the behavior of the food and drink merchants in the Jambangan Sidewalk Merchants Tourism Center of Surabaya as much as 75% behave good and 25% behave reasonably. The wipe test results of eating equipments in parameter Escherichia coli if compared with the Decree of Indonesian Health Ministry No. 1098/Menkes/VI/2003 showed that there are two stands positive Escherichia coli. It can be concluded that from the 20 merchants surveyed, 15 merchants (75%) behave well, five traders (25%) behave fairly and on wipe examination of eating tools there are 2 stands positive Escherichia coli. It is recommended in order that merchants apply the personal hygiene and provide 3 sinks for equipments and at drying use a clean cloth specifically for eating and drinking tools. Keywords : Merchant behavior, bacteriological quality, tool wipe

An analytical framework for an m-payment ecosystem: A merchants׳ perspective

In comparison to the rapid adoption and growth of mobile technologies worldwide, mobile payment services are being adopted at a slower pace than anticipated. One of the interesting characteristics of the Chinese market, for both academicians and practitioners, is that, although m-payment evolved from the convergence of payment and telecommunication industries (traditionally dominated by state-owned enterprises in China), it was private, third party payment companies that developed m-payment platforms, which gained a competitive edge over state-owned enterprises. While standardization, regulation and policy play an important role in stimulating the Chinese m-payment market, these factors alone are not sufficient to establish a sustainable two-sided market and generate a critical mass of merchants and end-users. Although merchants play a crucial role in the m-payment ecosystem, there is a lack of insight into merchant behavior, and their interaction with other actors in the m-payment ecosystem. In this study, we propose a framework for the analyses of the m-payment ecosystem. Starting from a set of propositions, we conducted in-depth interviews to analyze the multifaceted nature of the Chinese m-payment market. We identified the connection between the adoption process and the business ecosystem configurations. The proposed framework can be used as a basis for future studies of complex business ecosystems.

The Groupon Effect on Yelp Ratings: A Root Cause Analysis

Daily deals sites such as Groupon offer deeply discounted goods and services to tens of millions of customers through geographically targeted daily e-mail marketing campaigns. In our prior work we observed that a negative side effect for merchants using Groupons is that, on average, their Yelp ratings decline significantly. However, this previous work was essentially observational, rather than explanatory. In this work, we rigorously consider and evaluate various hypotheses about underlying consumer and merchant behavior in order to understand this phenomenon, which we dub the Groupon effect. We use statistical analysis and mathematical modeling, leveraging a dataset we collected spanning tens of thousands of daily deals and over 7 million Yelp reviews. In particular, we investigate hypotheses such as whether Groupon subscribers are more critical than their peers, or whether some fraction of Groupon merchants provide significantly worse service to customers using Groupons. We suggest an additional novel hypothesis: reviews from Groupon subscribers are lower on average because such reviews correspond to real, unbiased customers, while the body of reviews on Yelp contain some fraction of reviews from biased or even potentially fake sources. Although we focus on a specific question, our work provides broad insights into both consumer and merchant behavior within the daily deals marketplace.

Education campaigns to reduce stormwater pollution in commercial areas: Do they work?

A monitoring and evaluation program was undertaken, involving six different styles of evaluation to determine whether a low-cost, eight month education campaign that operated within a small commercial district was successful at changing people's behavior and reducing stormwater litter loads. This project also tested newly developed guidelines for monitoring and evaluating all types of non-structural stormwater quality best management practices (BMPs). The project evaluated: the extent and quality of the campaign's implementation; the degree to which it changed the awareness, attitudes, self-reported behavior and actual behavior of merchants and the public; and the nature of changes in stormwater litter loads. Overall, the education campaign produced mixed results, with the net result being modestly positive. Specifically, it was: unsuccessful at significantly influencing the knowledge or attitudes of merchants or the public; modestly successful at influencing the behavior of merchants and the public; and modestly successful at reducing litter loads in stormwater. At a theoretical level, the project highlights how using different ‘styles’ of BMP evaluation can help to build a more complete picture of a BMP's performance. At a practical level, the project helped to improve the monitoring and evaluation guidelines and produced evidence-based design guidelines for future campaigns that aim to reduce littering in commercial areas.

Price-setting merchants in a simple trade model

In lieu of a fictitious Walrasian auctioneer, price determination in a simple two-country two-good trade model is explicitly modelled as the strategic price-setting behavior of merchants. The results depend on the order in which countries are visited and whether or not the supply is backward-bending. Theorem 1 establishes sufficient conditions for the Walrasian outcome to be the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium (SPNE). Theorem 2 shows when the unique SPNE is non-Walrasian.