Mentha Pulegium Essential Oil Research Articles

INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM SIX MOROCCAN PLANTS AGAINST INSECT PESTS RHYZOPERTHA DOMINICA, SITOPHILUS ORYZAE AND TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM

ABSTRACT Six essential oils from Morrocan plants belonging to different botanical families (Lamiaceae, Pinaceae and Verbenaceae), were prepared by hydrodistillation. These essential oils from Morrocan plants, which have a long tradition in adjuvant therapy, were tested for insecticidal activity by the method of microcomputer-atmosphere against three major pests of stored products : Rhyzopertha dominica (F), Sitophilus oryzae (L) and Tribolium castaneum (herbst). The results obtained showed that the essential oils possessed highly significant insecticidal properties against the pests studied. R (+) pulegone, a monoterpene ketone and a major component of the essential oil of Mentha pulegium exhibited the highest insecticidal activity.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils Against Pathogens Isolated from Food, Crops and Hospitals in Morocco

Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Mentha pulegium (M. pulegium) and Rosmarinus officinalis (R. officinalis) essential oils (EOs) against bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) isolated from food and hospitals and phytopathogenics fungi (Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer) isolated from crops were studied. Gas vhromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed pulegone (86.3 %) as the major compound for M. pulegium EO (MEO) while R. officinalis EO (REO) was rich in 1,8-Cineole (35.7 %). Antibacterial activity of MEO was more important than REO. S. aureus and L. monocytogenes were the most resistant to REO while P. aeruginosa was the most sensitive to MEO. MEO was also effective against the fungal strains at low concentrations. In fact, 2 μL/mL were sufficient to inhibit 100 % of mycelium growth for both B. cinerea and R. Stolonifer. B. cinerea was more sensitive to REO than R. stolonifer. Antioxydant activity of the two EOs were examined using 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay method. MEO showed notable antioxidant activity when compared to BHT while REO showed a very small activity.

Effect of pennyroyal, savory and thyme essential oils on Japanese quail physiology

An experiment was conducted to show the effects of different levels of pennyroyal, thyme and savory essential oils dietary supplementation on performance, organs weight, intestinal morphology, and serum lipids in quails. A total of 550 day-old Japanese quail chicks were allocated into 11 dietary treatments of 5 replications (10 birds in each cage) under a randomized experimental design. The treatments were a basal diet (Control), or 3 levels (200, 300, and 400 ppm) of thyme essential oil (TO), or 3 levels (200, 300, and 400 ppm) of savory essential oil (SO), or 3 levels (200, 300, and 400 ppm) of pennyroyal essential oil (PO) added separately to the basal diet, or also the basal diet supplemented with 100 ppm of flavophospholipol. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured weekly and calculated totally for 35 d. The organs weight and morphology of intestine parts of one bird from each cage were measured on 35 d. At the same day, blood samples were collected and cholesterol and triglyceride values were separately determined for male and female quails. Although the addition of different levels of essential oils in quail's diet did not affect BWG, a significant decline in FI was observed in the group supplemented with 400 ppm of TO. At the same time, FCR significantly improved (P < 0.05) in the same group as well as in the group supplemented with the antibiotic. However, the organs weight was not significantly affected by the experimental treatments. Nevertheless, villi height of duodenum, jejunum and ileum was significantly increased and crypt depth was significantly decreased in the quails fed diets supplemented with different levels of TO and SO. The values of serum triglycerides decreased in both sexes in the groups that received diets supplemented with different levels of essential oils whereas the values of cholesterol decreased only in males of the essential oils supplemented groups. From the present observations it can be concluded that thyme and savory essential oils can improve FCR by decreasing FI through boosting the absorption of nutrients in intestine. These plant essential oils can replace antibiotic growth parameters without having any adverse effect on quail's health with thyme essential oil exerting the most effective activity.

Insecticidal effect of essential oil and powder of Mentha pulegium L. leaves against Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Tenebrionidae), the main pests of stored wheat in Morocco

Abstract Stored grains are threatened by several insects, leading to losses in quality and quantity. Several studies have revealed the risks of using chemicals that can cause serious health problems for humans. It is in this perspective that the objective of our work should be seen: It was to assess the effect of the essential oil and leaf powder of Mentha pulegium against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum adults attacking post-harvest cereals. The insecticidal activity of the essential oil against these two insects was evaluated by three methods: contact, inhalation and ingestion. The ingestion method was used in the case of the leaf powder. The essential oil and leaf powder of Mentha pulegium exhibited insecticidal activity against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum adults (Mentha pulegium essential oil caused up to 100% mortality of both insects). Both insects were influenced affected by the dose, exposure time and the method by which the insecticidal activity of the essential oil was demonstrated. Adults of Sitophilus oryzae were more sensitive to different concentrations of essential oil and leaf powder than those of Tribolium castaneum. The essential oil has no effect on the germination rate of soft wheat grains (Triticum aestivum). On the contrary, it acts positively by reducing the damage caused by these major stock pests. The data from this study could present an alternative solution for replacing synthetic insecticides for the protection of stored commodities.

Gelatin-Based Edible Coating Combined with Mentha pulegium Essential Oil as Bioactive Packaging for Strawberries

The effect of gelatin-based edible coating incorporated with Mentha pulegium essential oil (MEO) on physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity (TA), weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), and total phenolic content (TPC)), microbiological (total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) and yeasts and moulds (YM)), and sensorial (color and firmness) characteristics of strawberries stored under refrigeration was studied. Strawberries were coated with gelatin alone (4%) and/or gelatin combined with two concentrations (0.5 and 1%) of MEO and stored at 4°C for 13 days. Gelatin coating and MEO combination significantly inhibited total flora and moulds and yeasts with comparison to control (uncoated strawberries) and had better hygienic quality at the end of storage. The effect was MEO concentration dependent. Our results also showed that the bioactive coating used in this investigation slowed down changes in pH, TA, weight loss, TSS, firmness, TPC, and color of strawberries. Gelatin coating incorporated with MEO at 1% protected at least 60% of strawberries from deterioration after 13 days of storage and could be used as bioactive packaging to prolong the shelf life and an alternative of pesticides use.

Characterization of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) essential oil as an herbal, antibacterial, and antioxidant substance

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess hydro-distillated Mentha pulegium essential oil (MPE) by composition, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial properties and compared these indexes with synthetic antibiotics and antioxidants. The essential oil active ingredients determined by GC mass procedure while antioxidant activity determined by DPPH technique. Furthermore, by applying four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus), antibacterial properties of pennyroyal was distinguished by disk diffusion, MIC, and MBC methods in different concentrations. The results showed that pennyroyal essential oil has 29 constituents so that cis-pulegone oxide, (E)-p-mentha-2-en-1-ol, and 3,3′-dimenthol being the main components. In addition, strong antimicrobial activity against all four microorganisms tested, especially on Gram positive bacteria, was distinguished, even though it was more effective in higher doses. Besides, the essence was able to reduce the stable free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 1.027 mg/mL while BHT was 20.280 μg/mL. In conclusion, pennyroyal essential oil can be a good substitution for some synthetic antibiotics and antioxidants.

In vitro Antiproliferative and Antidermatophyte Activities of Essential Oils from Three Moroccan Medicinal Plants

The main of this study is to evaluate the anticancer and anti-dermatophyte activities of Mentha pulegium, Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula stoechas essential oils. The cytotoxic effect was carried out on cancer cell lines Vero, L20B and RD using MTT colorimetric assay. The anti-dermatophyte activity was tested on Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes using direct contact method. Essential oils of three aromatic species are rich in bioactive compounds such oxygenated and no-oxygenated monoterpenes. Lavandula stoechas essential oil showed interesting anticancer activity against RD (IC50 =19.03±28.05% (v/v)) and L20B (IC50 =33.84±1.72% (v/v)). Moreover, M. pulegium essential oil had an important cytotoxic effect against Vero cell line (IC50 =60.21±1.9% (v/v)). The best pharmacological selectivity indexes were obtained with L. stoechas essential oil on RD (11.098) and L20B (6.241) cell lines. The essential oil of R. officinalis showed remarkable anti-dermatophyte effects than L. stoechas and P. pulegium. The IC50 values of R. Officinalis essential oil against T. mentagrophytes, T. violaecum and T. tonsurans were respectively 0.53, 0.60 and 0.64% (v/v). The findings of these results showed that essential oils of L. stoechas and M. pulegium are a good source for anticancer drug discovery and the essential oil of R. officinalis is a promising source as anti-dermatophyte agents. Whereas, further studies investigating the pharmacological properties on other type of cancer cell lines and fungal species are necessary. Moreover, investigations regarding the mechanism of action of these oils and their major compounds are also necessary.

Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity of Mentha pulegium ssential Oil from Central Morocco Against Larvae of Mosquito Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Background: In Morocco, the species Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) has developed resistance to the synthetic insecticide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find alternatives to the insecticides, as natural herbal biocides. Objective: The essential oil of Mentha pulegium grown the North center of in Morocco has been analyzed and their larvicidal activity on Culex pipiens was determined. Methods: The analysis and the identification of the various constituents of essential oilobtained by hydro-distillation of the aerial part were carried out by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Biological tests were realized according to a methodology inspired from standard World Health Organization protocol. The larvicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts were tested against early fourth-instar larvae of Culex pipiens. The repellent efficacy was determined against of mosquito species (Culex pipiens) at six concentration’s (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 ppm) under the laboratory condition. The mortality was observed 24h after treatment; data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the Lethal Concentrations (LC50 and LC90) to kill 50 and 90 percent of the treated larvae of tested species. Results: The major constituents of Mentha pulegium essential oil were identified as pulegone (53.23%), α-pinene (12.1%), piperitone (9.62%), menthone (9.26) and piperitenone (6.6%). The LC50 and LC90 were estimated at 25.45 ppm and 98.66 ppm respectively. Conclusion: This investigation indicates that the Mentha pulegium essential oil could serve as a potential larvicidal and could be used as an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of the Culex pipiens.

Fumigant and repellent potentials of Ricinus communis and Mentha pulegium essential oils against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne

ABSTRACTThis work was aimed to investigate the chemical composition of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) aerial parts and castor (Ricinus communis L.) stems essential oils from Tunisia. Fumigant and repellent toxicities were assessed toward two major stored product beetles: Lasioderma serricorne and Tribolium castaneum. Pennyroyal essential oil was characterized by a clear predominance of the oxygenated monoterpenes fraction (97.10%) instead of phenol fraction (61.47%) in the castor essential oil. The major common compounds of Mentha pulegium were pulegone and isomenthone, whereas 2,4-bis (dimethylbenzyl)-6-t-butylphenol was the main volatile compound of castor essential oil. Pennyroyal essential oil showed a strong antiradical capacity (IC50 = 14 µg/mL) which is higher than synthetic standard. The effectiveness of pennyroyal essential oil against the coleopteran insects showed potential fumigant impact particularly against Lasioderma serricorne with LC50 = 8.46 µL/L air. Moreover, significant pest repellent activity was demonstrated with Ricinus communis and Mentha pulegium where the repellency effects reached 80 and 60% after 1 and 24h of exposure against Tribolium castaneum at doses of 0.31 µL/cm2 and 0.078 µL/cm2 respectively. Hence, these findings underlined the potential insecticidal effect of castor and pennyroyal essential oils and highlighted their use as valuable food and insecticide products instead of synthetic pesticides.

The effect of different dietary levels of Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium L.), probiotic and antibiotic on performance, carcass characteristics and, selected nutrients digestibility in broiler chickens

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium L.) essential oil (PEO), probiotic (Bioplus 2B) and antibiotic (Flavophospholipol) on performance, carcass characteristics and nutrients digestibility in broiler chickens in a completely randomize design (CRD).Material and methods: The treatments included: A corn-wheat-soybean meal basal diet without any additives as control group and adding three levels of Flavophospholipol (0.015, 0.03 and 0.05 % of diet), three levels of BioPlus-B2 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % of diet) and three levels of Mentha pulegium essential oil (0.03, 0.05 and 0.07 % of diet) to the basal diet. 5 replicates of 12 chicks were allocated to each experimental treatment.Results: The results showed that the treatments significantly affected body weight gain (WG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the all experimental periods (P 0.05). PEO at the level of 0.07% significantly decreased WG during 11-25 d (P 0.05). Breast and abdominal fat percentage were not significantly affected by treatments (P>0.05). Lowest crude protein (CP) digestibility was observed in 0.015% antibiotic treatment that was significantly lower than 0.1% probiotic treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion: More significantly, dietary supplements represented desirable performance in compared to antibiotics and control group. Hence, the possible usage of these components as antibiotics alternatives in poultry feeds should be outlined in future

Chemical composition of Mentha pulegium and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils and their antileishmanial, antibacterial and antioxidant activities

The aim of the study was the determination of the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oils and the evaluation of their antileishmanial, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Essential oils (EOs) were isolated using steam distillation and the chemical composition was determined using GC-MS analysis. The antibacterial activity was tested against ten pathogenic strains using the diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) by microtitration assay. The antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH free radical scavenging ability and ferric-reducing power. The antileishmanial activity was tested against Leishmania major, Leishmania tropica and Leishmania infantum using MTT (3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The yield of essential oils (v/w %) M. puleguim and R. officinalis based on dry weight were 5.4 and 2.7% respectively. GC/MS analysis of R. officinalis essential oil (ROEO) revealed the presence of 29 components, mainly represented by oxygenated monoterpenes (63.743%) and hydrocarbons monoterpenes (21.231%). Mentha pulegium essential oil (MPEO) revealed 21 components, mainly represented by oxygenated monoterpenes (83.865%). The major components of ROEO were α-pinene (14.076), 1,8-Cineole (23.673) and camphor (18.743), while menthone (21.164) and pulegone (40.98) were the main major components of MPEO. M. pulegium and R. officinalis EOs showed a significant antioxidant activity compared with ascorbic acid and Trolox to the IC50 values of 58.27 ± 2.72 and 85.74 ± 7.57 μg/mL respectively revealed by reducing power assay. As for the antibacterial effect, the highest zone diameters were shown by the MPEO against Bacillus subtilis (30 ± 1.43 mm) and Proteus mirabilis (28 ± 1.32 mm). These values are significantly important compared with those of the commercialized antibiotic (Erythromycin and Chlorophenicol). The lowest MIC and MBC values were obtained with MPEO against S. aureus MBLA (MIC = MBC = 0.25% (v/v)). While, ROEO has exhibited a bactericidal effect against Listeria monocytogenes (MIC = MBC = 0.5% (v/v)), Bacillus subtilis (MIC = MBC = 1% (v/v)) and Escherichia coli (MIC = MBC = 1% (v/v)). For the antileishmanial effect, ROEO is the most active against L. major (IC50 = 1.2 ± 0.36 μg/mL. While, the MPEO has the most leishmanicidal effect against L. major (IC50 = 1.3 ± 0.45 μg/mL). These findings show that the EOs of M. pulegium and R. officinalis are good sources of bioactive molecules that could have potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MENTHA PULEGIUM ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST AVIAN ISOLATED ESBL PRODUCING BACTERIA AND ITS SYNERGISTIC POTENTIAL WITH ANTIBIOTICS

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of Algerian Mentha pulegium essential oil against extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing bacteria isolated from avian livestock. The synergistic interactions between conventional antibiotics and Mentha pulegium essential oil were assessed.Methods: Essential oil composition was determined by gas chromatograph-flame ionization detector (GC/FID), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) analysis.Antibacterial activity of Mentha pulegium essential oil against ESBL producing bacteria was investigated by disc diffusion assay. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of essential oil and it synergistic interaction with conventional antibiotics were determined by micro-broth dilution method and checkerboard test, respectively.Results: The results indicate that Mentha pulegium essential oil with a high amount of pulegone (88.78%) had high inhibitory activity against the tested strains and particularly displays a satisfactory action against the studied ESBL producing bacteria from animal origin, with a diameter ranging from 13 to 26 mm. Out of 51 combinations tested between essential oil and antibiotics 60.78 % showed total synergy, 13.72 % had presented a partial synergy. The best antibacterial activities were obtained with the combination of Mentha pulegium essential oil and cefazolin, cefotaxime and gentamycin.Conclusion: This study allowed concluding that Mentha pulegium essential oil showed not only satisfactory antibacterial properties, but also acts synergistically combined with conventional antibiotics, which make it a promising alternative to antimicrobial drugs; beside that, it might reduce the minimum effective dose of the drugs which minimizes their possible side effects.

Peppermint and Pennyroyal Essential Oil Effect on Performance, Rumen Microbial Population and Some Blood Parameters of Sheep

BACKGROUND: The use of antibiotics as feed additive in animal feeds due to the appearance of residues in milk and meat and their effects on human health has restricted. Two of essential oils with high potential for use in ruminant diet are Mentha piperita (peppermint) and Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal) essential oil. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of essential oils of peppermint and pennyroyal on performance, ruminal microbial population and some blood parameters of sheep. METHODS: For this purpose, 9 Dallagh sheep were used in a change over design experiment at three 21-d periods (14 days as adaptation and 7 days for sample collection). Experimental treatments were 1) basal diet without additive (control), 2) basal diet + 110 mg/d Mentha piperita essential oil and 3) basal diet +110 mg/d Mentha pulegium essential oil. Sheep were kept in individual cages and had free access to food and water. Rumen fluid was collected before, 4 h and 8 h after morning feeding and a blood sample was obtained 3 h after morning feeding at last day of each period. RESULTS: Essential oils had no effect on performance, blood parameters, pH, ammonia, protozoa, and total viable bacterial count of rumen. Coliforms of rumen fluid significantly decreased at 4 h and increased 8 h after morning feeding following peppermint and pennyroyal supplementation, respectively (P<0.05). Acid lactic bacteria count was significantly higher at before and 4 h after morning feeding in pennyroyal treatment compared with other treatments. CONCLUSION: although essential oils of Mentha piperita and Mentha pulegium had some effects on rumen microbial population but had no significant effects on performance and blood metabolites of Dallagh sheep.

Mentha pulegium: Medicinal uses, Anti-Hepatic, Antibacterial, Antioxidant effect and Analysis of Bioactive Natural Compounds: A Review

Mentha pulegium is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae native to Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Crushed pennyroyal leaves exhibit a very strong fragrance similar to spearmint. A large number of the recipes in the Roman cookbook of Apicius call for the use of pennyroyal, often along with such herbs as lovage, oregano and coriander. Pennyroyal is used to make herbal teas, which, although not proven to be dangerous to healthy adults in small doses, is not recommended, due to its known toxicity to the liver. Consumption can be fatal to infants and children. Pennyroyal leaves, both fresh and dried, are especially noted for repelling insects. Pennyroyal essential oil should never be taken internally because it is highly toxic; even in small doses, consumption of the oil can result in death. Antioxidative activities of the essential oil, methanol and water extracts of Iranian pennyroyal in vegetable oil during storage were evaluated. The TLC chromatogram of the two extracts showed differences in the number of separated compounds of extracts. HPLC results indicated that the fraction collected with washing buffer (pH = 6) had highest antioxidant activity.

Study of Synergy between Mentha pulegium Essential Oil, Honey and Bacteriocin-like Inhibitory Substance E204 against Listeria monocytogenes CECT 4032 and Escherichia coli K12

Study of Synergy between Mentha pulegium Essential Oil, Honey and Bacteriocin-like Inhibitory Substance E204 against Listeria monocytogenes CECT 4032 and Escherichia coli K12

Antimycobacterial natural products from Moroccan medicinal plants: Chemical composition, bacteriostatic and bactericidal profile of Thymus satureioides and Mentha pulegium essential oils

ObjectiveTo evaluate the susceptibility of Mycobacterium aurum and Mycobacterium smegmatis in vitro to the essential oils obtained from two medicinal plants: Thymus satureioides (T. satureioides) and Mentha pulegium (M. pulegium), and to study their chemical composition. MethodsThe aerial parts of T. satureioides and M. pulegium (leaves and stems) were hydro-distillated using a Clevenger-type apparatus and essential oils were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antimycobacterial screening of essential oils was performed on the basis of the inhibition zone diameter by disc diffusion method against two mycobacterial strains whereas the minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration were determined by using the micro-dilution method. ResultsChemical analysis of their aerial part's essential oils gave as major compounds, borneol (34.26%), carvacrol (31.21%) and thymol (3.71%) for T. satureioides and R(+)-pulegone (75.48%), carvone (6.66%) and dihydrocarvone (4.64%) for M. pulegium. Thereafter their antimycobacterial effect evaluation, using the micro-dilution method, indicated that minimal inhibitory concentration values of T. satureioides essential oil ranged from 0.062% to 0.015% (v/v) and from 0.125% to 0.031% (v/v) for M. pulegium respectively against Mycobacterium aurum and Mycobacterium smegmatis. ConclusionsIt is clearly evident from the results obtained that the Moroccan medicinal plants have great potential to be used as anti-tuberculosis agents. These findings may help scientists to undertake several research projects to discover useful natural product as new anti-tuberculosis drug.

Antidepressant effects of &lt;i&gt;Mentha pulegium&lt;/i&gt; in mice

&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;The aim of this study is to investigate the antidepressant effects of &lt;em&gt;Mentha pulegium&lt;/em&gt; essential oil in BALB/c mice. Six experimental groups (7 mice each) were used. Forced swim test was performed 30 min after essential oil injection. In the groups receiving &lt;em&gt;M. pulegium&lt;/em&gt; essential oil (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg), immobility duration significantly decreased compared to the control group. &lt;em&gt;M. pulegium&lt;/em&gt; (50 and 75 mg/kg) resulted in significant decrease in nitrate/nitrite content in serum compared to the control group. &lt;em&gt;M. pulegium&lt;/em&gt; essential oil antidepressant effect that may be due to the inhibition of oxidative stress. The results showed that decrease in nitrate/nitrite content in serum and high anti-oxidant effects of M. pulegium essential oil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Video clip:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://youtube.com/v/qfmjCf5FNMk"&gt;Immobility in Forced Swim Test&lt;/a&gt;: 13 sec&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://youtube.com/v/oqWS13JzQtQ"&gt;Mobility in Forced Swim Test&lt;/a&gt;: 19 sec&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial, insecticidal and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of Mentha pulegium L. and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds growing in Algeria

The essential oils of Mentha pulegium L. (MPE) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MRE) which are growing in Algeria were prepared by hydrodistillation and their chemical compositions investigated by GC/MS. The oils were tested for their antimicrobial activity using disc-diffusion and spot assays, antioxidant activity using 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) test and Kit Radicaux Libres® (KRL) biological assay. Also, contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity and repellency tests of these essential oils were evaluated against adults of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (the principal pest of wheat). The major components found in MPE are pulegone (70.4%), neo-menthol (13.4%), neo-menthol acetate (3.5%) and menthone (2.7%). On the other hand, MRE provided trans-piperitone epoxide (30.2%), piperitone oxide (8.7%), thymol (4.5%), germacrene D (3.5%) and terpinen-4-ol (2.7%) as major ingredients. MRE exhibited stronger antimicrobial effect and antioxidant activity in the KRL test than MPE. In the contact assay, DL50 values of MRE and MPE were 3.3 and 6.9μL/mL, respectively. Fumigant toxicity assay of MPE and MRE showed mortality ratio of 39.2 and 44.3%, respectively at the dose of 2μL/mL. Moreover, at this dose and after 30min exposure time, the repellent effect showed death rates of 46.03% and 47.54% for MPE and MRE, respectively. As conclusion, MPE and MRE are potential alternatives to chemical additives in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Antimicrobial effect of nanofluid including Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and Mentha pulegium essential oil

Antimicrobial effects of edible nano-composite based on bean pod shell gum, nano-TiO2, and Mentha pulegium essential oilMozhgan Nasiri, Ali Mohamadi Sani, Vahid Hakimzadeh, Mostafa Shahidi

Chemical Composition and in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Native Men‌tha longifolia Essential Oil from Ardabil, Iran on Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces viscosus

Background: Most of the population in the different areas of world is affected by bacterial infections responsible for dental caries. Due to the importance of traditional medicines derived from herbs used for dental problems, this study investigated in vitro antibacterial activity of Mentha longifolia essential oil from Ardabil, Iran, on Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces viscosus, bacteria that cause tooth decay. Materials and Methods: The volatile oil of Mentha longifolia leaves was extracted by hydrodistilla tion method using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC and GC/MS system.The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the disk diffusion susceptibility in dilutions of 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000�� g/�� l and broth macrodilution test methods. Results: The oil was particularly rich in Pulegone (31.78%), 1,8-cineole (15.99%), menthoforan (11.25%), cis-isopulegon (10.5%) and paramenth-3-n-8-l (6.85%). The medicinal plant essential oil could prevent the growth of the bacteria, and the rates of MIC and MBC of native pennyroyal essential oil on Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces viscosus were 110, 165, 80, 120, 450 and 650�� g/�� l, respectively. The maximum inhibition zone diameter was about 12.2, 27.2 and 4.8 mm, for Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces viscosus respectively, at the concentration of 500��J�� l -1 . Conclusion: In this work, the essential oil of medicinal plant containing effective ingredients could prevent the growth of bacteria and may be used as an affordable and available source for medicinal purposes.