Human Mental Health Research Articles

Transcriptomic diversity of amygdalar subdivisions across humans and nonhuman primates.

The amygdaloid complex mediates learning, memory, and emotions. Understanding the cellular and anatomical features that are specialized in the amygdala of primates versus other vertebrates requires a systematic, anatomically-resolved molecular analysis of constituent cell populations. We analyzed five nuclear subdivisions of the primate amygdala with single-nucleus RNA sequencing in macaques, baboons, and humans to examine gene expression profiles for excitatory and inhibitory neurons and confirmed our results with single-molecule FISH analysis. We identified distinct subtypes of FOXP2 + interneurons in the intercalated cell masses and protein-kinase C-δ interneurons in the central nucleus. We also establish that glutamatergic, pyramidal-like neurons are transcriptionally specialized within the basal, lateral, or accessory basal nuclei. Understanding the molecular heterogeneity of anatomically-resolved amygdalar neuron types provides a cellular framework for improving existing models of how amygdalar neural circuits contribute to cognition and mental health in humans by using nonhuman primates as a translational bridge.

Cat and dog feces as reservoirs of diverse novel antibiotic resistance genes

Companion animals have the potential to greatly enhance the physical and mental health of humans, thus leading to an increased focus on the interactions between humans and pets. Currently, the inappropriate and excessive utilization of antimicrobial agents has become prevalent in veterinary clinical practice for pets. This antibiotic contamination phenomenon has a profound impact on the enrichment of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in pets. However, the pet-associated resistome, especially the novel ARGs in pets, represents a relatively neglected area. In this study, we successfully constructed a total of 12 libraries using the functional metagenomics approach to assess the diversity of ARGs in pet cats and dogs from four pet hospitals. Through the integration of functional screening and high-throughput sequencing, a total of 122 antibiotic resistance determinants were identified, of which 15 were classified as putative novel ARGs originating from five classes. Functional assessment demonstrated that 6 novel ARGs including one β-lactam, two macrolides, two aminoglycosides, and one rifamycin (RIF), namely blaPF, ermPF, msrPF, aac(6′)PF, aph(3′)PF, and arrPF, exhibited functionally activity in conferring bacterial phenotypic resistance by increasing the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) with a 4- to 128-fold. Genetic context analysis demonstrated that, with the exception of aac(6′)PF and arrPF, the remaining four novel ARGs were found adjacent to mobile genetic elements (MGEs) including IS elements or transposases, which provided a prerequisite for horizontal transfer of these novel ARGs, thereby offering an explanation for their detection in diverse samples collected from various sampling sites. The current study has unveiled the significant role of cat and dog feces as one source of reservoirs of diverse novel ARGs, while also highlighting the potential adverse consequences of their further spread to medically significant pathogens and human commensal organisms.

Self-compassion in the relationship between personality traits and bedtime procrastination

Background: Since sleep is considered an important factor for the physical and mental health of humans, it is very important to pay attention to its quantity quality and abnormalities during it. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of self-compassion mediation in the relationship between Personality traits and bedtime procrastination. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of the humanities faculties of Tehran University in the academic year of 2022-2023, who were selected through Cluster sampling of 343 students. Data collection tools included the Bedtime Procrastination Questionnaire (BPS), Self-Compassion Questionnaire (SCS), and Neo Personality Questionnaire (FFI-NEO). Finally, the data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation method and structural equations using SPSS version 22 and AMOS version 24 Software. Results: The goodness of fit index for the research model was significant, which indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The result showed that the direct effect of personality and bedtime procrastination was -0.36 and the indirect effect of personality through self-compassion and bedtime procrastination was -0.19. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that personality and self-compassion play an important role in bedtime procrastination. Therefore, the relations obtained can be used to improve the lifestyle and promote sleep health in students and other people.

Activation of immune pathways in common bed bugs, Cimex lectularius, in response to bacterial immune challenges - a transcriptomics analysis.

The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius, is an urban pest of global health significance, severely affecting the physical and mental health of humans. In contrast to most other blood-feeding arthropods, bed bugs are not major vectors of pathogens, but the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon are largely unexplored. Here, we present the first transcriptomics study of bed bugs in response to immune challenges. To study transcriptional variations in bed bugs following ingestion of bacteria, we extracted and processed mRNA from body tissues of adult male bed bugs after ingestion of sterile blood or blood containing the Gram-positive (Gr+) bacterium Bacillus subtilis or the Gram-negative (Gr-) bacterium Escherichia coli. We analyzed mRNA from the bed bugs' midgut (the primary tissue involved in blood ingestion) and from the rest of their bodies (RoB; body minus head and midgut tissues). We show that the midgut exhibits a stronger immune response to ingestion of bacteria than the RoB, as indicated by the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Both the Toll and Imd signaling pathways, associated with immune responses, were highly activated by the ingestion of bacteria. Bacterial infection in bed bugs further provides evidence for metabolic reconfiguration and resource allocation in the bed bugs' midgut and RoB to promote production of AMPs. Our data suggest that infection with particular pathogens in bed bugs may be associated with altered metabolic pathways within the midgut and RoB that favors immune responses. We further show that multiple established cellular immune responses are preserved and are activated by the presence of specific pathogens. Our study provides a greater understanding of nuances in the immune responses of bed bugs towards pathogens that ultimately might contribute to novel bed bug control tactics.

ESENSI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KESEHATAN MENTAL SISWI MA AL-WASHOYA NGORO JOMBANG JAWA TIMUR

Islamic religious education is at the same time faith education and charity education. And because Islamic teachings contain teachings about people's personal attitudes and behavior towards a prosperous life. In a historical-sociological context, Islamic education is defined as religious or Islamic education or teaching (al-tarbiyah al-diniyah, ta'lim al-din, al-ta'lim al-dini and al-ta'lim al-islami). in the context of tarbiyah al-Muslimin (educating Muslims), until completion. and differentiate it from secular education. The aim of Islamic religious education is to shape the nation's next generation into people who understand religion and can practice it well and correctly. Mental health is a state of well-being in individuals who realize their potential, are able to cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and are able to make a contribution to their community. Mental health refers to how individuals are able to adapt and interact well. Mental health is always linearly related to human life span, therefore mental health is very important, especially for students who are focused on gaining knowledge, therefore the understanding and example of an educator is very necessary for students in maintaining and realizing mental health. The focus of this research includes: The essence of Islamic religious education in realizing mental health. This type of research uses case studies which aim to find out something comprehensively. This research includes field research by analyzing several things related to the nature of Islamic religious education in realizing mental health, by ensuring that children can apply the Islamic religious education learning they have received properly and correctly. Based on research, it was found that the results of the nature of Islamic religious education in realizing mental health: 1) Can be realized by learning Islamic religious education which is applied in everyday life 2) Religious activities are provided in schools and encouraged. through collaboration between the Principal, teachers and students in educating and developing children so that they run well, are active and conducive. So that it creates mental health in humans, the souls of female students and they are able to look after them well because they are equipped with this religion. 3) Female students understand how to realize and maintain good and correct mental health.

Enhancing conversational sentimental analysis for psychological depression prediction with Bi-LSTM

<p>Human mental health (HMH) is a pervasive and impactful condition that profoundly affects an individual’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects in a negative manner. Among various mental health disorders, depression is particularly prevalent, with approximately 20% of women experiencing at least one depressive episode during their lifetime. Identifying depression early on is crucial for timely intervention and support. This study examines user-generated content from major social platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, aiming to detect potential signs of depression through behavioural symptoms such as mood changes, loss of interest, altered sleep patterns, focus difficulties, and impaired decision-making. Leveraging natural language processing and machine learning, sentiment analysis deciphers emotional context in posts and comments. A new efficient methodology utilizing Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) is proposed for efficient analysis of the posts and comments. Knowledge distillation transfers insights from a large BERT model to a smaller one, enhancing accuracy. Integrating word2vec and BERT with bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM), the approach effectively analyses depression and anxiety indicators in social media data. Comparative assessments highlight the system’s excellence, achieving a remarkable 98.5% accuracy through knowledge distillation. The proposed methodology marks a substantial stride in identifying mental health signals from social media, facilitating better early intervention and support for those facing depression and anxiety-related challenges.</p>

IMPLEMENTATION OF SUFISTIC EDUCATION VALUES OF QADIRIYYAH WA NAQSYABANDIYYAH TARIQA

By sunnatullah every creature experiences a period of birth, development, maturity, aging and then death, including humans. Old age or old age is actually a natural process, but specifically for humans, this period leaves many problems both for those concerned and those around them, especially the problem of difficulties in adjustment and self-control. Based on the hadith of the Prophet saw. that every disease has a cure, except for old age, so old age, including diseases, needs to find a solution, primarily a solution so that the elderly (elderly humans) can have self-control to adjust to the life they live. However, often because of various impulses and other disturbances, how difficult it is to regulate self-control. To achieve complete mental health in humans, education for something must be carried out consistently and within a certain frequency to play a role as a means of self-control, as is often found in Sufistic education in the Qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah Order at the Miftahul Huda Islamic Boarding School, Gading, Malang.

Flame-retardant, ultralight, and superelastic electrospun fiber sponges for effective sound absorption

Traffic noise does great harm to the physical and mental health of humans, which has become the main source of noise pollution, making sound absorption materials highly in demand. Fibrous sound-absorbing materials are widely used in controlling traffic noise pollution; nevertheless, due to the monotonic internal structure and large fiber diameter, they suffer poor mechanical properties and sound absorption performance. Herein, we develop a credible way to create flame-retardant fibrous sound absorption sponges by humidity-assisted electrospinning and an in-situ crosslinking approach. The obtained fibrous sponges possess outstanding superelastic and hydrophobic properties. Most importantly, fluffy fiber networks endow sponges with good low-frequency sound-absorbing properties (noise reduction coefficient or NRC of 0.51) and lightweight features (density of 9 mg cm−3) compared with commercial and reported sound-absorbing materials. This work will shed light on future research in developing excellent sound-absorbing materials.

Schizophrenia and obesity: May the gut microbiota serve as a link for the pathogenesis?

Schizophrenia (SZ) places a tremendous burden on public health as one of the leading causes of disability and death. SZ patients are more prone to developing obesity than the general population from the clinical practice. The development of obesity frequently causes poor psychiatric outcomes in SZ patients. In turn, maternal obesity during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of SZ in offspring, suggesting that these two disorders may have shared neuropathological mechanisms. The gut microbiota is well known to serve as a major regulator of bidirectional interactions between the central nervous systemand the gastrointestinal tract. It also plays a critical role in maintaining physical and mental health in humans. Recent studies have shown that the dysbiosis of gut microbiota is intimately associated with the onset of SZ and obesity through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, particularly the stimulation of immune inflammation. Therefore, gut microbiota may serve as a common biological basis for the etiology in both SZ and obesity, and the perturbed gut-brain axis may therefore account for the high prevalence of obesity in patients with SZ. On the basis of these findings, this review provides updated perspectives and intervention approaches on the etiology, prevention, and management of obesity in SZ patients by summarizing the recent findings on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of SZ and obesity, highlighting the role of gut-derived inflammation.

Screening of Asian Natural Materials to Promote β-Endorphin Synthesis

Since the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the lifestyle changes it necessitated, the demand for mental health treatment has skyrocketed, with long wait lists for both psychological and psychiatric care. Over-the-counter supplements and home remedies are increasingly sought. In this study, we screened natural materials and blended supplements from Asia that may improve the mood and mental health of humans by testing cell viability and expression of the proopiomelanocortin gene as a marker of β-endorphin production in rat hypothalamus neuron cells. Among 23 tested samples, 3 samples produced significantly higher cell viability in R-HTH-507 cells than the control treatment. In a real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiment, 7 samples showed significant β-endorphin synthesis activity. This is the first report that the Asian natural materials Areca catechu, Moringa oleifera, Lignosis rhinocerus, and Aegle marmelos promote β-endorphin synthesis; further investigation will identify the active ingredients in the blended samples. These results suggested that these Asian natural materials have great potential to expand the range of treatments for mental health.

Festivals of Ayurveda: Scope and challenges.

One of the main ingredients to put human societies glued together is celebrating the festivals. Festivals are the markers of scientific achievements and historic milestones. Moreover, celebrating festival ensures the continuation of tradition. The number of festivals celebrating Ayurveda are, however, very few. Festivals bring pomp and glory in lives and are a way of expressing gratitude to the legends for bringing out the deepest meanings of the cosmos. To revive the lost tradition of Ayurvedic festivals, the study was undertaken. Ayurvedic scriptures and Puranas were carefully reviewed to find festivals associated with Ayurveda. The paper reviews the specific dates and the method of celebration of few festivals associated with Ayurveda such as Dhanvantari Jayanti, Brahma Puja, Shakrotsava, Kaumudi Mahotsava, Madana Trayodashi, Charaka Jayanti, Kubera Mahotsava, Varuna Mahotsava, and Yamadamshtra. Dhanvantari Jayanti as National Ayurveda Day has already gained popularity. Festivals foster national cohesiveness, promote communal harmony, preserve family values, revitalize the economy, and foster cultural and, in this scenario, even medical tourism. However, globalizing these festivals is challenging due to difference in calendars. Celebrating festivals have deep Yogic meaning. It helps to maintain national identity. The yearly seasonal cycles affect the physical and mental health of humans. Hence, there is a need to revive the traditional Ayurvedic festivals.

The relationship between serum fatty acids and depressive symptoms in obese adolescents.

Depression and obesity are highly prevalent and are considered inflammatory pathologies; in addition, they are also associated with dietary patterns including types of fatty acids (FA). Changes in the FA composition in the brain are determined by changes in the content and quality of dietary and serum FA. The aim of this study was to verify the relationships between serum-free FA, inflammatory processes and depressive symptoms in obese adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study that analysed a database composed of 138 post-pubertal adolescents. Data regarding the depressive symptoms, body composition, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, FA profile, leptin concentration, as well as adiponectin, IL-A, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, C-reactive protein and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels of the subjects were collected. A total of 54·6 % of the adolescents presented with depressive symptoms, and there were positive correlations between depressive symptoms and serum saturated fatty acids (SFA) content, body fat, and inflammatory adipokines, such as leptin, IL-6, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio. Moreover, the content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms, suggesting that eicosatrienoic acid (C20:2n6) and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (C20:3n-6) are independently associated with depressive symptom scores and can be critical predictors of poor mental health in humans. These results point to the relationship between SFA and depressive symptoms in obese adolescents. However, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the causality between dietary SFA and depression in obese individuals.

Forest Therapy in Germany, Japan, and China: Proposal, Development Status, and Future Prospects

Forests have provided support for human health and survival since ancient times. With improved public awareness of health issues and the importance of forest ecological functions, forest therapy has gradually gained momentum. Forest therapies have been applied around the world as preventive and alternative therapies to promote human health. As a safe, side-effect-free, low-cost, preventive, and alternative therapy, forest therapy has been scientifically proven to promote physical and mental health in humans. However, the forest therapy service system is still underdeveloped, and forest therapy has not become a mainstream part of clinical medical treatment methods in most countries worldwide. Therefore, in order to better present the development path and current situation of forest therapy in different countries and provide guidance for how other countries can develop similar interventions and clinical sites to base these activities, this study uses Germany, Japan, and China as examples to systematically tease out how forest therapy has developed and the status of forest therapy services in different countries, as well as the health benefits of forest therapy. Furthermore, the key components and traditional cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds related to forest therapy are discussed. Finally, based on published empirical research, we believe that forest therapy can be a solution to public health problems thanks to its multiple, medically proven health benefits. Forest therapy facilitates the return of people to the forest and nature to achieve health and well-being effects. However, there is a need for more research on the mechanisms (such as the immune system, endocrine system, nervous system, etc.) underlying forest therapy’s effectiveness, which should include strengthened collaborations between disciplines. In addition, the role of forest therapy services in promoting human health needs to be emphasized.

Targeted Drug Therapy for Intracranial Tumors

Intracranial tumors seriously affect the physical and mental health of humans. Due to variations in the nature and the growth site of tumors, individualized and specific treatment of patients with intracranial tumor has become a hotspot topic of research, and targeted drug therapy of intracranial tumors, an important subspecialty of precision medicine, has become a key issue that scientists are working hard to tackle. At present, the rapid development in molecular biology and genomics has provided corresponding targets for precision therapies of tumors. However, the blood-brain barrier and blood-tumor barrier prevent drugs from reaching intracranial targets. Therefore, finding effective ways to elevate the concentration of intracranial drugs has become the key issue concerning existing targeted therapies for intracranial tumors. Herein, we reviewed the current status of targeted drug therapy for different intracranial tumors and discussed their efficacy, intending to provide new perspectives for the treatment of intracranial tumors with targeted drugs in the future.

Психофизическая гимнастика цигун в оценке занимающихся

The article presents the results of a research into the qigong psychophysical gymnastics effect on a person in the assessment of people practicing it. The research method was a questionnaire. The sample included forty-six respondents of both genders who have different experience in practicing qigong. The data obtained have confirmed the positive effect of this type of gymnastics on the physical and mental human health, as well as on physical fitness.

Composition and correlation of volatile organic compounds and odor emissions from typical indoor building materials based on headspace analysis

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from indoor building materials are one of the main causes of deterioration in indoor air quality and along with odor emissions, directly affect the physical and mental health of humans. In this study, we used headspace analysis to measure VOCs and odor emissions from 19 types of building materials, including floors, furniture boards, wall coverings, and adhesives. An untrained panel was used to assess the acceptability and intensity of building materials' odor. The total VOC (TVOC) of “dry” (e.g. floors, furniture boards, and wall cloths) and “wet” (e.g. wall paints and adhesives) materials ranged from 278.3 to 869.6 μg/m3 and 219.0–3060.0 μg/m3, with median TVOC values of 501.8 μg/m3 and 252.9 μg/m3, respectively. The sum of its odor activity value (OAVsum) ranged from 0.6 to 51.7 and 0.5–17.0, with a median OAVsum of 5.1 and 7.0, respectively. Hexanal was the dominant odor-active VOC in most building materials. Median odor intensity of “dry” and “wet” materials was 3.25 and 3.08, respectively. Substantial differences were presented for TVOC but not for odor intensity. Odor could still be perceived in air mixtures with low TVOC concentration and OAVsum < 1. A combination of multiple linear regression and principal component analysis was used to establish a model for the prediction of odor intensity based on OAV (R2 = 0.746). The model shows that the OAV of aldehydes, esters, alkanes, aromatics, and phenols can predict the overall odor intensity, and phenols contribute the most to the odor.

Analysis of Compliance with the Covid-19 Prevention Health Protocol Policy in the Sports Community

Humans, in order to not get sick, in this case also including Covid-19, they don't only need drugs but also psychological contact and both of them can be obtained from communal sports. Simple activities such as sports together have an important position for improving the physical and mental health of humans. With the social distancing, commonly known as PPKM which has taken almost 2 years, it certainly has a big impact on the physical and psychological condition of humans, but on the other hand, the enforcement of the PPKM Protocol must continue to be carried out in order to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. This is what made the research team interested in examining it in a study with the main problem of how to analyze the Covid-19 Prevention Health Protocol Compliance in the Sports Community by adhering to the type of empirical juridical research, namely qualitative-type of research that adheres to the results obtained in the field wherein this case, the research team chose the sports community in the Banyumanik sub-district as the research subject which was analyzed by data triangulation in order to get relevant results.The results showed that of the 30 samples who were members of the Tennis, Taekwondo, Jogging and Bicycle Sports Community in Banyumanik District, the sample who followed the Covid-19 prevention protocol that had been recommended by the government was above 50 percent despite the recommendation to use a mask and cover your mouth when sneezing or coughing are done less, besides that the majority of sanctions given to members who violate are only verbal reprimands (70 percent). The results of this study indicate that the level of awareness of the sports community to follow the protocol is quite good even though there are no sanctions that can provide a deterrent effect. Based on this the authors take the conclusion that joint exercise is necessary for mental and physical health, therefore the government needs to be even more active to increase public awareness about the importance of the Covid-19 Prevention Protocol. Keywords: Analysis, Covid-19 Protocol, Sports Community. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/120-11 Publication date: April 30 th 2022

Teacher's Experience with Mobbing in Baku Schools and İts Consequences

The phenomenon of mobbing is one of the global problems of modern life which includes unethical behaviors such as harassment, isolation, humiliation, and psychological violence. Mobbing is also occurring in the teaching staff and if mentioned behaviors used continuously, mobbing has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of humans. The study aimed to determine the mobbing behaviors and the characteristics of their impact on teachers. The research sample consisted of 202 teachers working in Baku schools in Azerbaijan. In the survey, Likert scale questionnaires were used as a data collection tool. The findings suggest that it is a mobbing behavior that teachers are most exposed is the "underestimation of work". Most of the negative effects of mobbing on teachers were the work-related effects. It was determined that single teachers compared to married teachers are more exposed to mobbing. Also,was found a statistical difference between work experience and mobbing. In data analysis, a positive and significant relationship was found between mobbing and the negative effects of mobbing ( r=,444; p&lt; .01). If the level of mobbing increases, it becomes a dangerous situation. Thus, it is essential to pay attention to this actual problem and follow recommendations to fight with mobbing and prevent its consequences.

Cultural ecosystem services and disservices in an urban park in Bogota, Colombia

Abstract Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) are important for contributing to the physical and mental health of humans, but they have been little studied in low-income populations. It is intended to understand the meaning of the “Entrenubes” Ecological Park (PEN) for visitors, through: 1) identifying the sociodemographic variables associated with the different ecosystem services and disservices; 2) Define how the relative importance of interactions with these variables differs between ES. A questionnaire was applied to 281 visitors. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), chi-squared test and ordinal logistic regression were performed between ES and visitor profile. 7 CES and 3 regulatory ones were identified. No significant associations were found between ES preferences, disservices and sociodemographic characteristics of the visitors. Recreation presented the highest average perception. Drug abuse was the predominant disservice. These results provide criteria for decision-making in urban green infrastructure planning.

The effect of vitamin D on mental health – literature analysis

Introduction: Many sources list a number of properties of vitamin D on human health. It seems that the benefits of using this vitamin include not only the regulation of the calcium-phosphate metabolism, but also a number of other applications, also in human mental health.The aim of the study: The aim of the study was to research about the influence of vitamin D on the mental health. The research was done on the problems such as depression, anxiety, psychoses, stress, mood and emotions. Material and method: The literature was found using websites such as PubMed or Google Scholar was used to develop this work.Description of the state of knowledge: A number of studies have confirmed that vitamin D can have a significant impact on reducing the level of depression. One example of a study on this topic is that high vitamin D supplementation in women in early pregnancy can protect them from late depression during the last weeks of pregnancy. Likewise, adequate vitamin D supplementation in older people can improve mental health and reduce the likelihood of depression and Seasonal Mood Disorder (SAD). In addition, vitamin D can reduce the probability of psychosis or anxiety disorders.Summary: Many sources report a positive correlation between vitamin D supply and mental health. Often the differences are also noticeable, but not statistically significant. This work sometimes shows divergent views of scientists, which is important to continue research into the effects of vitamin D on mental health in humans.