Mental Health Questionnaire Research Articles

Association of adversities and mental health among first- and second-generation Arab American young adults.

The prevalence of mental health problems among young adults is widely recognized. However, limited research has examined the mental health of Arab American young adults specifically. To address this gap in the literature, this study aimed to investigate the effects of multiple stressors including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), discrimination, and bullying victimization on the mental health of first- and second-generation Arab American young adults. The participants (N = 162) were recruited from a Midwest university using online and in-person methods. They were screened and completed a demographic questionnaire and self-report measures of ACEs, discrimination, bullying victimization, and mental health. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the effect of psychosocial stressors on mental health and the moderating effect of generation (first vs. second) on that relationship. Female gender, increased perceived discrimination, and more ACEs were associated with lower mental health scores (β = -0.316, p < 0.001, β = -0.308, p < 0.001, and β = -0.230, p = 0.002, respectively). There was a significant negative relationship between victimization and mental health for first-generation Arab Americans (β = -0.356, p = 0.010). However, that association all but disappeared for second-generation participants (β = 0.006, p = 0.953). The results highlight the impact of multiple adversities on Arab American young adults'mental health and indicate important nuances related to their generation in the association between bullying victimization and mental health. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

Positive effect analysis of combining five education concepts on mixed depression among college students

BackgroundMixed-type depression among college students is a common mental health problem. The concept of simultaneous development of the five educations emphasizes comprehensive quality education and has been widely applied in higher education.Subjects and MethodsStudents selected from a university are the research subjects and are divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received comprehensive quality education that conforms to the concept of simultaneous development of the five educations, including academic education, physical exercise, moral cultivation, artistic cultivation, and social practice; The control group continued to receive traditional academic education. The study collected students’ depression scores and mental health questionnaire survey data as research indicators and used Stata statistical software for data processing and analysis.ResultsThe depression scores of the experimental group students significantly decreased. The specific numerical change data shows that the depression score of the experimental group students decreased from the initial 24.5 to 16.3, while the depression score of the control group students decreased from the initial 25.2 to 20.1.ConclusionsThe research results indicate that the concept of combining five educations has a positive effect on college students. The implementation of comprehensive quality education, including academic education, physical exercise, moral cultivation, artistic cultivation, and social practice, can effectively reduce the occurrence and degree of mixed depression among college students.AcknowledgementThe graduate education research project of Southwest Jiaotong University in 2020 (No. yjg4-2020-tz03-1).

Kindergarten space design on preschool teachers with OCD: an intervention analysis

BackgroundOCD is common among kindergarten teachers, and environmental space design is considered an intervention measure that can have a positive impact on OCD patients. The aim of this study is to explore the intervention effect of kindergarten environmental space design on preschool teachers with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Subjects and MethodsThe study selected classrooms of preschool teachers with OCD in several kindergartens as the research subjects and divided them into an experimental group and a control group. The classrooms in the experimental group underwent interventions in environmental space design. The control group’s classroom was arranged in a conventional manner. The study collected OCD scores and mental health questionnaire survey data from preschool teachers with OCD as research indicators and used SPSS22.0 statistical software for data processing and analysis.ResultsIn the experimental results, the OCD scores of preschool teacher patients in the experimental group were significantly reduced. The OCD score of preschool teacher patients in the experimental group decreased from the initial 32.6 to 24.1, while the OCD score of preschool teacher patients in the control group decreased from the initial 31.9 to 30.5.ConclusionsThe research results indicate that the design of kindergarten environmental space has a positive intervention effect on OCD preschool teacher patients. By providing comfortable seating and soothing colors, and providing natural lighting, environmental design measures can significantly reduce the OCD score of preschool teachers’ patients, which can help improve their mental health status.

Motivational interviews in health education management on adolescent depression reduction

BackgroundAdolescent depression presents a problem that cannot be ignored in modern society. Motivational interviews for planned health education management are considered a potential intervention method to address this issue.Subjects and MethodsThe study selected adolescent students from several schools as the research subjects and divided them into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received motivational interviews on planned health education management, including individual interviews and group discussions; The control group continued to receive routine health education. To clarify the grouping, we used a random sampling method to randomly assign students to two groups. The study collected depression scores and mental health questionnaire survey data from adolescents as research indicators and used Stata statistical software for data processing and analysis.ResultsIn the experimental results, the depression scores of the experimental group students were significantly reduced. The depression score of the experimental group students decreased from the initial 25.6 to 18.9, while the depression score of the control group students decreased from the initial 26.3 to 24.5. The results of Stata statistical software showed that the difference between the experimental group and the control group was statistically significant.ConclusionsThe research results indicate that motivational interviews in planned health education management have a positive effect on adolescent depression. Motivational interviews such as individual interviews and group discussions can significantly reduce adolescent depression scores and help alleviate their depressive symptoms.

Impact of vocational college enrollment expansion on students’ anxiety disorders

BackgroundThe expansion of vocational education enrollment is a policy measure aimed at increasing the popularity of vocational education. From the perspective of dealing with student anxiety, the expansion of vocational education may bring some positive effects.Subjects and Methods The study selected students from several vocational colleges as the research subjects and divided them into vocational expansion groups and non vocational expansion groups. The vocational expansion group includes newly recruited students under the expansion policy in recent years, while the non vocational expansion group includes traditionally recruited students. The study collected students’ anxiety scores and mental health questionnaire survey data as analysis indicators and used Stata statistical software for data processing and analysis.Results In the experimental results, the anxiety scores of students in the vocational expansion group were slightly lower. The anxiety score of students in the vocational expansion group decreased from the initial 28.5 to 27.8, while the anxiety score of students in the non vocational expansion group increased from the initial 27.8 to 30.2. The experimental results showed statistical significance between the experimental group and the control group.ConclusionsThe research results indicate that the expansion of vocational college enrollment has a certain positive impact on students’ anxiety disorder, providing a certain reference for the implementation of vocational college enrollment expansion policies, and having practical help effects on students’ mental health problems.AcknowledgementJiangsu Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project (No. 2021JSJG472).

Negative psychological and educational impacts of Corona Virus Anxiety on Chinese university students: Exploring university students’ perceptions

COVID-19 has greatly affected various aspects of societies worldwide, including the mental health and quality of education for students. Different studies investigated the consequences of the pandemic, but only a few studies have addressed the negative psychological and educational impacts of Corona Virus Anxiety (CVA). This study addresses the effects of CVA on Chinese students and explores university perceptions of its consequences. A mixed-methods research design was used, with 440 university students selected through convenience sampling. The researchers used the CVA scale, generalized anxiety scale, mental health questionnaire, and a self-report scale to assess the students' educational attainment. In addition, 14 students were interviewed for the qualitative phase of the study. Data from the quantitative phase were analyzed using Pearson correlation and descriptive statistics, while content analysis techniques were employed for analyzing the qualitative data. Results showed that CVA is negatively associated with students' anxiety, stress, and depression. Furthermore, stress, anxiety, depression, and CVA were found to be negatively associated with students' GPAs. Qualitative findings revealed that CVA negatively affected students' GPAs, research projects, classroom engagement, and graduations. The findings are theoretically and practically important to universities, schools, and educational centers to avoid the effects of the CVA on students' educational attainment and mental health through appropriate planning and providing facilities to the students during the lockdown.

Body mass index and inflammation in depression and treatment-resistant depression: a Mendelian randomisation study

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) has a significant impact on global burden of disease. Complications in clinical management can occur when response to pharmacological modalities is considered inadequate and symptoms persist (treatment-resistant depression (TRD)). We aim to investigate inflammation, proxied by C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and body mass index (BMI) as putative causal risk factors for depression and subsequent treatment resistance, leveraging genetic information to avoid confounding via Mendelian randomisation (MR).MethodsWe used the European UK Biobank subcohort (n=451,025), the mental health questionnaire (MHQ) and clinical records. For treatment resistance, a previously curated phenotype based on general practitioner (GP) records and prescription data was employed. We applied univariable and multivariable MR models to genetically predict the exposures and assess their causal contribution to a range of depression outcomes. We used a range of univariable, multivariable and mediation MR models techniques to address our research question with maximum rigour. In addition, we developed a novel statistical procedure to apply pleiotropy-robust multivariable MR to one sample data and employed a Bayesian bootstrap procedure to accurately quantify estimate uncertainty in mediation analysis which outperforms standard approaches in sparse binary outcomes. Given the flexibility of the one-sample design, we evaluated age and sex as moderators of the effects.ResultsIn univariable MR models, genetically predicted BMI was positively associated with depression outcomes, including MDD (beta (95% CI): 0.133(0.072, 0.205)) and TRD (0.347(0.002, 0.682)), with a larger magnitude in females and with age acting as a moderator of the effect of BMI on severity of depression (0.22(0.050, 0.389)). Multivariable MR analyses suggested an independent causal effect of BMI on TRD not through CRP (0.395(0.004, 0.732)). Our mediation analyses suggested that the effect of CRP on severity of depression was partly mediated by BMI. Individuals with TRD (n=2199) observationally had higher CRP and BMI compared with individuals with MDD alone and healthy controls.DiscussionOur work supports the assertion that BMI exerts a causal effect on a range of clinical and questionnaire-based depression phenotypes, with the effect being stronger in females and in younger individuals. We show that this effect is independent of inflammation proxied by CRP levels as the effects of CRP do not persist when jointly estimated with BMI. This is consistent with previous evidence suggesting that overweight contributed to depression even in the absence of any metabolic consequences. It appears that BMI exerts an effect on TRD that persists when we account for BMI influencing MDD.

Exploring the influence of behavioral factors on depression and anxiety scores during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from the Virginia statewide COVIDsmart longitudinal study

BackgroundAmidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been growing concern about the declining mental health and healthy behaviors compared to pre-pandemic levels. Despite this, there is a lack of longitudinal studies that have examined the relationship between health behaviors and mental health during the pandemic. In response, the statewide COVIDsmart longitudinal study was launched. The study’s main objective is to better understand the effects of the pandemic on mental health. Findings may provide a foundation for the identification of public health strategies to mitigate future negative impacts of the pandemic.MethodsFollowing online recruitment in spring of 2021, adults, ages 18 to 87, filled out social, mental, economic, occupational, and physical health questionnaires on the digital COVIDsmart platform at baseline and through six monthly follow-ups. Changes in the participant’s four health behaviors (e.g., tobacco and alcohol consumption, physical activity, and social media use), along with sex, age, loneliness score, and reported social and economic (SE) hardships, were analyzed for within-between group associations with depression and anxiety scores using Mixed Models Repeated Measures.ResultsIn this study, of the 669 individuals who reported, the within-between group analysis indicated that younger adults (F = 23.81, p < 0.0001), loneliness (F = 234.60, p < 0.0001), SE hardships (F = 31.25, p < 0.0001), increased tobacco use (F = 3.05, p = 0.036), decreased physical activity (F = 6.88, p = 0.0002), and both positive and negative changes in social media use (F = 7.22, p = 0.0001) were significantly associated with worse depression scores. Additionally, females (F = 6.01, p = 0.015), younger adults (F = 32.30, p < 0.0001), loneliness (F = 154.59, p < 0.0001), SE hardships (F = 22.13, p < 0.0001), increased tobacco use (F = 4.87, p = 0.004), and both positive and negative changes in social media use (F = 3.51, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with worse anxiety scores. However, no significant changes were observed in the within-between group measurements of depression and anxiety scores over time (p > 0.05). Physical activity was not associated with anxiety nor was alcohol consumption with both depression and anxiety (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the longitudinal changes in behaviors within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings may facilitate the design of preventative population-based health approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic or future pandemics.

Daily stress, and mental health of professional degree graduate students in Chinese traditional medicine universities: the mediating role of learning career adaptation

BackgroundWith the expansion of professional degree graduate students’ enrollment in China education, the mental health of these professional degree graduate students in medical-related majors who are under pressure of study, scientific research, clinical practice, and employment should not be ignored. What is the mental health level of these graduate students under the effect of learning career adaptation (internal resources) in the face of daily stress (external factors)? The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship between these variables, and the mediating role of learning career adaptation of professional degree graduate students in traditional Chinese medicine colleges, and universities, to provide a theoretical basis for improving the learning career adaptation of students, and improving the level of mental health.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1593 professional degree graduate students majoring in clinical medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, and nursing in five traditional Chinese medicine universities. Finally, 660 questionnaires were returned, with a recovery rate of 41.43%. The scores of daily stress, learning career adaptation, and mental health were measured by Daily Stressors Scale for graduate students, graduate-students learning career adaptation scale, and General Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the status quo of daily stress, learning career adaptation, and mental health. Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between them. we undertake analyses using structural equation modeling to construct the latent variable path model of daily stress, learning career adaptation on mental health. The significance level of the mediating effect was tested by the non-parametric percentile bootstrap method.ResultsThe scores of mental health, daily stress, and learning career adaptation were 50.56 ± 10.80, 35.12 ± 19.55, and 67.13 ± 7.48 respectively. Daily stress was negatively correlated with the three dimensions of learning career adaptation: career confidence, focus on his career, and career control (P < 0.01). Daily stress was positively correlated with depression and anxiety (P < 0.01). Self-affirmation, depression, and anxiety were negatively correlated with career confidence, focus on his career, and career control (P < 0.05). Learning career adaptation plays a partial mediating role between daily stress, and mental health (p < 0.001), with an intermediate effect value of 0.127, representing 28.54% of the total effect.ConclusionsMental health, learning career adaption of medical-related professional degree graduate students in traditional Chinese medical universities were at a moderate degree, and an upper-middle level respectively, while daily stress is to a lesser extent. Learning career adaptation mediates the relationship between daily stress, and mental health partially. To some extent, it can buffer the impact of daily stress on mental health, especially anxiety. The educational administrator could take various measures to improve the mental health of professional degree graduate students. It can also enhance their learning career adaptation from the perspective of individuals, and organizations to improve their mental health.

Mental Health Literacy among Secondary School Students Attending Government Schools in Kohalpur Municipality

Introduction: Mental Health Literacy is a broader concept under Health Literacy which enables a person to recognize mental disorders, seeks knowledge on prevention of mental diseases, ability to help others, increases use of available health services and enhances improved self-help strategies for better management of mental illness.&#x0D; Aims: To determine the sociodemographic factors that influence mental health literacy, assessment of knowledge, erroneous beliefs/stereotypes, help-seeking behaviours and self-help strategies associated with mental health.&#x0D; Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among the selected secondary school students, by simple random technique from selected government schools in Kohalpur using the mental health questionnaire, (5-point Likert scale). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 and levels of mental health literacy in various domains was calculated.&#x0D; Results: Among 420 participants, 53.33% were females and 46.67% males with mean age 15.12 years. The proximity to people with mental health problems was 13.1% and without was 86.9%. The Global Mental Health Literacy mean (3.67 with SD+/- 0.30) was taken as the reference point, the mean score above which is considered high and below it is low. Low levels of Knowledge (mean 3.64, SD+/- 0.43) and erroneous beliefs (mean 3.38, SD+/- 0.39) of mental health literacy were observed. Levels of self-help strategies (mean 3.96, SD+/- 0.703) was highest followed by help-seeking behaviours (mean 3.94, SD+/- 0.61).&#x0D; Conclusion: There are low levels of knowledge and high stereotypes/ erroneous beliefs in secondary school children studying in government schools. Programs aimed to increase knowledge and awareness on mental health and decrease stereotypes need to be implemented at schools.

The Impact of Excessive Weight on Breastfeeding Intention, Initiation, and Duration.

Background: Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal feeding method for infants. However, breastfeeding goals are often unmet, especially in mothers with excessive weight. Potential factors associated with unmet goals could be disparities in care for women with higher body mass index (BMI) or mental health symptomology. Methods: Women enrolled in a longitudinal study were stratified by BMI into three groups: mothers with normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2, n = 101), with overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2, n = 78), and with obesity (OB; 30-35 kg/m2, n = 48). Breastfeeding intention and standardized mental health questionnaires were administered at gestational weeks 12 and 36. The prevalence of initiation and duration of breastfeeding were determined based on self-reported breastfeeding start and end dates. Wilcoxon tests, pairwise proportion test, Cox proportional hazards regression, and linear regression were used. Results: Higher maternal weight status (OB) was significantly associated with lower breastfeeding intention and duration. As expected, higher breastfeeding intention scores were associated with significantly longer breastfeeding duration. Higher scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), associated with a greater number of depression symptoms, mediated the negative impact of weight status on breastfeeding intention. Conclusions: breastfeeding outcomes are negatively associated with maternal weight status and prenatal mental health with the relationship between the two being interconnected, despite subclinical scores on the BDI. Further research is needed to explore the role of mental health on breastfeeding outcomes. From these findings, targeted prenatal interventions for women with excessive weight and depressive symptoms would likely promote and improve breastfeeding outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov: www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID #NCT01131117.

Writing Poetry: A Coping Mechanism for the Mental Health of High School Students

With the recent pandemic of Covid-19 sweeping through the United States, it has been proven that its impact has negatively affected individuals’ mental health. Recent research has shown that adolescents, specifically high school students, are particularly mentally impacted by social isolation experienced due to remote learning, fear of contracting the virus, and other factors. As a teenager, I too noticed a negative decline in my mental health and naturally fell into writing poetry as a way to cope with everything I was experiencing during remote learning. This newfound coping mechanism piqued my interest and I began to wonder if other high school students would also benefit from writing poetry. This thus led to my research question which is “What is the impact of writing poetry when used by high school students as a coping mechanism in support of mental health?” Poetry therapy is used as treatment for different reasons by psychologists as it provides neuroscientific perspectives, flexible treatments, and many more beneficial aspects. The methodology that I determined best fit my research was an experimental pre-post study. In this study, participants wrote a minimum five-line poem per day over a three-week period in addition to completing four surveys: a mental health questionnaire, two poetry perception surveys, and a daily survey. In terms of future research, medical professionals who have experience with poetry therapy can refine this coping mechanism of writing poetry to then recommend it to patients to engage with in their own time outside of counseling sessions.

Coexistence of neuropathic corneal pain, corneal nerve abnormalities, depression, and low quality of life.

To evaluate the quality of life (QoL), mental health conditions and corneal morphology in neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) subjects without a significant ocular surface disease. A composite questionnaire was administered to 228 consecutive subjects, assessing the pain intensity, duration, and quality using a modified version of the Self-Administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) and Pain Detect (PD) questionnaires. Subjects diagnosed with possible central NCP and two sub-groups of patients diagnosed with peripheral ocular pain completed an additional battery of mental health questionnaires and were examined by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy (IVCM). Of the 76 subjects that reported chronic ocular pain (duration >1 month), 53 were classified with probable NCP. Nine subjects without signs that justify the pain and non-responding to topical anaesthesia, were considered affected by central NCP. In these patients, a significant negative correlation was found between the presence pain and the mental component of the QoL (R2 = 0.733), and a positive correlation between the severity of pain the presence post-traumatic stress disorder (R2 = 0.83) and depression (R2 = 0.93). Although neuromas and sprouting had higher frequency in the central NCP group compared the control groups, these differences was not statistically different. The assessment of ocular pain characteristics using multiple questionnaires and IVCM may help to recognize differences between nociceptive and neuropathic pain. An association between pain intensity and mental health condition may guide the therapeutical choices.

Bouncing back from COVID-19: a Western Australian community perspective.

This study explored the behavioral profiles of residing Western Australians during a COVID-19 lockdown period and transitions in behavior post-lockdown. A total of 313 participants (76% female, age: M = 50.1, SD = 15.7 years) completed behavioral and mental health questionnaire items ~2 months after a 3-month COVID-19 lockdown in October 2020, using a retrospective recall to assess their experience during the lockdown period. Latent transition analysis (LTA) was used to identify behavioral profiles and transitions. Indicators were identified by assessing during-post-lockdown group differences (Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square tests) and profiles described using qualitative open-ended questions. Significant indicators included changes in physical activity, leisure screen time, alcohol intake, psychological distress, and loneliness, but not fast food consumption. The significant indicators were used to form LTA models. The five latent class model showed the best model fit (Log-likelihood = -1301.66, AIC = 426.12, BIC = 609.68). Approximately one in four participants reported a change in their behavior profiles after the lockdown ceased. Key differences between the profiles were age, household income, education, resilience, sense of control, existing mental health issues, and social relations. Washing hands and social distancing were the most recalled and effective health campaigns across the classes, with health campaigns encompassing physical activity/alcohol consumption, or domestic violence having the least attention. Overall, while most participants recovered relatively well after the lockdown period, LTA did identify subgroups such as those who were inactive and lonely experienced more difficulties than other groups, and engagement with public health campaigns differed. The results provide important insights for future public health campaigns on how these campaigns might be diversified to effectively target more people and particular groups to maximize engagement for maintaining people's mental health with additional focus on physical activity, alcohol consumption, and domestic violence.

Frustration responses of single and partnered mothers to prolonged infant crying.

Prolonged infant crying can be a trigger for maternal frustration and can even predict intrusive infant-related thoughts of harm. In this study, we compared frustration responses to prolonged infant crying between single and partnered mothers and attempted to identify variables that mediated any difference between the two groups. We also identified acoustic characteristics of infant cries that were related to higher levels of reported maternal frustration. Twenty-five single and 25 partnered mothers with infants under the age of 6 months completed several mental health questionnaires, and then rated their frustration level after listening to each of 50 consecutive 15s infant cry videos from 50 different infants. As expected, greater maternal perceived stress was associated with higher frustration ratings in response to infant crying, and this was mediated by increased maternal negative affect. Also as expected, both financial strain and low social support were associated with greater perceived stress. However, our sample of single mothers did not experience more stress than our sample of partnered mothers. Nor did they find infant crying to be more frustrating, perhaps due to a recruitment bias toward higher functioning single mothers. Finally, several cry acoustic characteristics were associated with increased maternal frustration, including higher fundamental frequency, air energy, shimmer and longer duration of expiratory phonations, as well as a longer cumulative duration of crying. Our results suggest that maternal frustration in response to infant crying may be decreased by lowering maternal stress levels, and this may be achieved by increasing social support and decreasing financial strain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Digital Interventions to Reduce Distress Among Frontline Health Care Providers: Analysis of Self-Perceived Stress.

Due to the constraints of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers have reported behaving in ways that are contrary to their values, which may result in distress and injury. This work is the first of its kind to evaluate the presence of stress in the COVID-19 VR Healthcare Simulation for Distress dataset. The dataset collected passive physiological signals and active mental health questionnaires. This paper focuses on correlating electrocardiogram, respiration, photoplethysmography, and galvanic skin response with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)-10 questionnaire. The analysis involved data-driven techniques for a robust evaluation of stress among participants. Low-complexity pre-processing and feature extraction techniques were applied and support vector machine and decision tree models were created to predict the PSS-10 scores of users. Imbalanced data classification techniques were used to further enhance our understanding of the results. Decision tree with oversampling through Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique achieved an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 of 93.50%, 93.41%, 93.31%, and 93.35%, respectively. Our findings offer novel results and clinically valuable insights for stress detection and potential for translation to edge computing applications to enhance privacy, longitudinal monitoring, and simplify device requirements.

Mental Health of Transgender Youth: A Comparison of Assigned Female at Birth and Assigned Male at Birth Individuals.

Gender dysphoric adolescents report a gender identity which is incongruent with their assigned sex at birth, whereby the experienced incongruence is accompanied by clinically relevant distress. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the mental health of transgender youth by assigned sex at birth. A total of n = 49 adolescents (n = 29 assigned females at birth, n = 20 assigned male at birth) aged 12 to 18 years with the diagnosis of gender dysphoria according to DSM-5 were included in the study. The adolescents underwent a psychological assessment in a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient department prior to starting gender-affirming medical treatment, completing relevant mental health questionnaires. Although no differences were found in psychiatric disorders, more externalizing problems above the clinical threshold were reported by parents in assigned female at birth (AFAB) adolescents. On the other hand, internalizing problems, both in general and within the clinical range, were found to be more prevalent in assigned male at birth (AMAB) adolescents, as indicated by self-report. Our results suggest that a comprehensive assessment of mental health in gender dysphoric adolescents is crucial for understanding the diverse range of challenges they may face and tailoring appropriate interventions to address their specific needs.

The Relationship between Mental Health and Loneliness in the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background and Aim: The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on the health and well-being of communities and individuals around the world. One of the concerns about the COVID-19 epidemic is the impact of social isolation due to social distancing on the mental health of older adults. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health and loneliness among seniors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 211 retirees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences were selected by available sampling method in 2021. Data were collected through the Demographic, Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Adult Social and Emotional Feeling Questionnaire (SELSA-S). Data were analyzed using paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance, covariance, and chi-squared tests. The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 71.26 years and the results showed a significant relationship between feeling lonely and mental health (r = 0.535, p = 0.001). There were statistically significant relationships between mental health and social functioning (r = −0.204, p ≥ 0.001) and depression (r = 0.501, p = 0.001) and also between mental health and three subscales of loneliness: romantic loneliness (r = 0.001, p = 0.001), social loneliness (r = 0.493, p = 0.001), and family loneliness (r = 0.289, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Feeling lonely during the coronavirus disease pandemic has a negative effect on the mental health of older adults; therefore, it is necessary for mental health professionals to improve the mental health of the elderly with proper planning and interventions.

HUBUNGAN KESEHATAN MENTAL SISWA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PJOK DI SMP NEGERI 2 TORJUN

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between students' mental health and PJOK learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 2 Torjun. This type is quantitative with correlational method. This research is a population study in which all populations are used as a sample of 75 students. The instrument used was a mental health questionnaire, while in analyzing the data used was correlational. Based on the results of the study, there is a relationship between mental health and PJOK learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 2 Torjun as evidenced by a value of 0.000 &lt;0.05. With a correlation coefficient of determination of students' mental health of 2.56 in the weak category. It can be said that mental health has a weak relationship with PJOK learning outcomes.

Correlation Between Adolescent Mental Health and Sleep Quality: A Study in Indonesian Rural Areas During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The study aims to analyze the correlation between sleep quality and adolescent mental health in rural areas during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bandung rural area in February 2023. The subjects were adolescents aged 12-15 years who attended high school in Sagaracipta Village. To assess mental health, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used. Meanwhile, sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed and then filled in directly by the participants under close supervision. The relationship between mental problems and sleep quality was analyzed with the Spearman Rank correlation. The confidence range employed was 95%, while p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that at two junior high schools in Sagaracipta Village, 70.6% of the 109 subjects had poor sleep quality. Among the subjects, a significant number exhibited abnormal scores on various subscales. Specifically, 24 subjects (22%) showed abnormalities in the emotional subscales, 18 (16.5%) in conduct, 5 (4.6%) in hyperactivity, 15 (13.8%) in problems with peers, 26 (23.9%) in total difficulty, but there were no abnormal subjects on the pro-social sunscale. Based on the Rank Spearman correlation test, there was a statistically significant correlation between sleep quality and the emotional, behavioral, hyperactivity, and overall difficulties subscales, with coefficients of 0.247; 0.258; 0.22; and 0.310 as well as p-values of 0.010; 0.007; 0.021; and 0.001 respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a correlation between mental health and sleep quality among adolescents in rural area.