Mental Health Promotion Programs Research Articles

Interaction between adolescent sleep rhythms and gender in an obese population.

The obesity rate of adolescents is gradually increasing, which seriously affects their mental health, and sleep plays an important role in adolescent obesity. To investigate the relationship between sleep rhythm and obesity among adolescents and further explores the interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity, providing a theoretical basis for developing interventions for adolescent obesity. Research data source Tianjin Mental Health Promotion Program for Students. From April to June 2022, this study selected 14201 students from 13 middle schools in a certain district of Tianjin as the research subject using the convenient cluster sampling method. Among these students, 13374 accepted and completed the survey, with an effective rate of 94.2%.The demographic data and basic information of adolescents, such as height and weight, were collected through a general situation questionnaire. The sleep rhythm of adolescents was evaluated using the reduced version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire. A total of 13374 participants (6629 females, accounting for 49.56%; the average age is 15.21 ± 1.433 years) were analyzed. Among them, the survey showed that 2942 adolescent were obesity, accounting for 22% and 2104 adolescent were overweight, accounting for 15.7%. Among them, 1692 male adolescents are obese, with an obesity rate of 25.1%, higher than 18.9% of female adolescents. There is a statistically significant difference between the three groups (χ2 = 231.522, P < 0.000). The obesity group has the smallest age (14.94 ± 1.442 years), and there is a statistical difference in age among the three groups (F = 69.996, P < 0.000).Obesity rates are higher among individuals who are not-only-child, have residential experience within six months, have family economic poverty, and have evening-type sleep (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis shows a correlation between sleep rhythm and adolescent obesity. Evening-type sleep rhythm can increase the risk of obesity in male adolescents [1.250 (1.067-1.468)], but the effect on female obesity is not remarkable. Further logistic regression analysis in the overall population demonstrates that the interaction between evening-type sleep rhythm and the male gender poses a risk of adolescent obesity [1.122 (1.043-1.208)]. Among adolescents, the incidence of obesity in males is higher than in females. Evening-type sleep rhythm plays an important role in male obesity but has no significant effect on female obesity. Progressive analysis suggests an interactive effect of sleep rhythm and gender on adolescent obesity, and the combination of evening-type sleep and the male gender promotes the development of adolescent obesity. In formulating precautions against adolescent obesity, obesity in male adolescents with evening-type sleep should be a critical concern.

The Impact of Work-Family Conflict on Depression Among Korean Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moderated Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction.

This study aims to examine the mediating effect of life stress and the moderated mediating effect of job satisfaction on work-family conflict and depression among working mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A secondary analysis was conducted using raw data from Wave 8 of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families, collected during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Among the 9175 respondents, study included 1315 women aged between 26 and 55, who have children cohabiting with them. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics; T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation. The analysis was conducted using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program and the SPSS PROCESS macro (version 4.0). Life stress was observed to have a significant mediating effect (indirect effect) on work-family conflict and depression. Within this indirect effect, job satisfaction was found to play a moderated mediating role. Drawing from these findings, various interventional strategies can be devised to alleviate work-family conflict and life stress, and enhance job satisfaction, thereby improving the mental health of working mothers. Additionally, these results offer valuable insights for developing mental health promotion programs aimed at preventing and preparing for crises such as infectious diseases and can contribute to inform health policy-making.

Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Health Promotion Program for Family Caregivers of Chronic Mental Disorders: A Mixed Methods Study.

Family caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorders who are responsible for taking care of the patient face many problems that can endanger the psychosocial health of these people. This study was conducted to develop, implement, and evaluate a psychosocial health promotion program for family caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorders. This research is an exploratory sequential mixed-method study conducted using a qualitative-quantitative design. A qualitative study was conducted to explain the needs and psychosocial problems and the solution to improve the psychosocial health of family caregivers of patients with chronic mental disorders in two psychiatric care centers in Isfahan were conducted. Then the program was written based on Kern's programming development approach. In the quantitative stage, a part of the developed program was implemented as virtual group psychoeducation for 67 caregivers, and its impact on caregivers' burden of care was evaluated. The findings from the qualitative phase of the study led to the emergence of 3 main categories and the findings from the quantitative phase of the study indicated that the implementation of the compiled program causes a significant reduction in the burden of care in family caregivers of chronically mentally ill patients (p<0.05). The current program was prepared and developed using an evidence-based approach. Policymakers and members of the mental health team can take a valuable step toward reducing the care burden of family caregivers of chronic mental patients by using the content of the developed mental health promotion program.

Effectiveness of an intervention to manage occupational stress among bus drivers of Sri Lanka Transport Board in Colombo District, Sri Lanka

Introduction: Occupational stress among bus drivers is on the rise in the world. Mental health promotion programs can be effective in managing job stress in occupational groups.Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention to manage occupational stress among bus drivers of Sri Lanka Transport Board of Colombo District.Methods: A cluster randomized control trial was performed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Drivers were selected by randomization from all 12 depots in Colombo District. The intervention was carried out in six depots and controlled in the other six depots. Both arms consisted of 72 drivers. The mental health promotion-stress management intervention package was delivered for six months. Outcomes were assessed based on pre- and post-test stress levels. Process indicators were also determined to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.Results: All the participants were males. Response rate in the intervention group was 97.2%. Pre-intervention prevalence of occupational stress in the intervention group was 50% (n=36) and it was 58.33% (n=42) in the control group. This difference was not statistically significant (p=0.316). The post-intervention occupational stress level in the intervention group was 40.28% (n=29) and in the control group was 56.94% (n=41). This difference was statistically significant (p=0.045). In the intervention group, twelve drivers with occupational stress shifted to normal stress levels after the intervention, while five drivers who had normal stress levels, developed occupational stress afterwards (6.94%). This difference within the intervention group was not statistically significant (OR=2.4; 95% CI: 0.845, 6.81; p=0.145). Level of satisfaction on the overall programme was stated as excellent by 86% of the drivers in the intervention group.Conclusions &amp; Recommendations: Stress management intervention was effective in reducing occupational stress among drivers. Mental health promotion programs need to be conducted on the recruitment of bus drivers.

Psychological Experience of Correctional Officers’ Treatment of Mentally Ill Prisoners: Phenomenological Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the meaning of the psychological experience of correctional officers’ treatment of mentally ill prisoners and describe its essential structure.Methods: The Colazzi's phenomenological research methodology was used. Nine correctional officers participated in this study. To collect data, in-depth individual interviews were conducted from September 4 to October 3, 2023.Results: Four clusters of themes were identified; “feeling daunted by unawareness of mental illness”, “darkness caused by the tangle of vines inside the correctional facility walls”, “determined to overcome and face it head-on”, and “warmth emanating from the custody of mentally ill prisoners.”.Conclusion: Through the psychological experiences of correctional officers in dealing with individuals with mental illness, it was possible to understand the demands of knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to mental illness, as well as psychological and mental stress. It is necessary to establish an educational program and crisis response protocol for correctional officers to cultivate knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to mental illness, and to activate the mental health promotion program currently being implemented in correctional facilities.

대학생의 스마트폰 중독 조사 및 스마트폰 활용 영어학습 연구 동향 분석

The purpose of this study was to examine the mental health of college students in terms of anxiety, stress, and self-efficacy as well as smartphone addiction, and to provide empirical data for developing preventive career psychology programs. A total of 373 university students participated in this study and completed a questionnaire. The main findings were as follows. First, the participants’ mental health indicators, such as anxiety, smartphone addiction, stress, and self-efficacy, were generally within the normal range. Second, there were significant differences in anxiety, smartphone addiction, stress, and self-efficacy among the subgroups such as majors of the participants. Female students reported higher levels of anxiety, stress, and smartphone addiction than male students. Students under 30 years old experienced more stress and lower self-efficacy than students over 30 years old. Self-efficacy varied by major. Based on these results, this study suggests that comprehensive and tailored mental health promotion programs are needed at the university level. Additionally, this paper discusses how smartphones can be used positively for English language learning based on a keyword analysis of ‘mobile phone’, ‘English’ and ‘learn’ in recent literature.

Parent-adolescent Congruence and Discrepancy in Perceived Parental Emotion Socialization to Anger and Sadness: Using Response Surface Analysis to Examine the Links with Adolescent Depressive Symptoms.

Parents and adolescents often hold discrepant perceptions of parental emotion socialization, which reflect misunderstandings in parent-adolescent communication on emotions and have potential detrimental effects on mental health of adolescents. The present study investigated the associations between parent-adolescent congruence and discrepancy in parental emotion socialization perception to two specific negative emotions (anger and sadness) and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. A total of 372 adolescents (48.4% female, Mage = 13.43, SDage = 0.49) and their parents (79.6% mother, Mage = 41.15, SDage = 5.46) participated in this study. Both parents and adolescents reported perceived parental emotion socialization to anger and sadness, and adolescents reported depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using polynomial regression and response surface analyses. Both congruence and discrepancy in parent and adolescent's reports were associated with adolescent depressive symptoms. A higher level of adolescent depressive symptoms was associated with higher parent-adolescent congruence in supportive responses to anger, sadness, and nonsupportive responses to anger. A higher level of depressive symptoms was associated with inconsistent reporting of supportive responses to sadness and nonsupportive responses to anger (only when parents had a more positive view than adolescents). This study highlights the significance of evaluating parent-child communication process by assessing perceived emotion socialization from both parents and adolescents and analyzing the reporting congruence and discrepancy. It also suggests that enhancing effective communication regarding parental emotion socialization could be a promising target for adolescent mental health promotion programs.

Less social media use – more satisfied, work-engaged and mentally healthy employees: an experimental intervention study

ABSTRACTIntensive Social Media Use (SMU) can negatively impact employees’ work performance and mental health. The present experimental study investigated how a reduction of daily SMU time influences employees from different professional sectors in Germany. The experimental group (N = 84; age: M = 29.38, SD = 5.84) reduced its non-work-related SMU by 30 min daily for seven days; the control group (N = 82; age: M = 30.06, SD = 8.39) used Social Media (SM) as usual. Work-related variables and mental health-related variables were assessed via online surveys at three measurement time points (baseline; post-intervention; one-week follow-up). The intervention significantly reduced the experience of work overload, stress symptoms, fear of missing out and addictive SMU. Work satisfaction, work engagement and positive mental health increased significantly. The present findings reveal that less time spent on SMU leads to increased work motivation and higher levels of mental health. Employers and employees should take the present findings into account. Business coaching programmes, mental health promotion programmes and clinical interventions could benefit from the integration of a controlled reduction of SMU time.

Time-dependent association between the economic activity restriction due to health condition and mental illness: Finding from 15-year prospective cohort study

Background and ObjectivesThe Economic Activity Restriction (EAR) due to health conditions is being utilized as a foundational measure for the European indicator Healthy Life Years (HLY). The EAR group is experiencing limitations not only in economic activities but also in overall activities, and it is a population with a high likelihood of transitioning to mental illness due to health condition. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between EAR and mental illness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the association between EAR due to health conditions and mental illness for those aged 45 and older in South Korea. MethodsWe obtained data from the 2006–2020 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. EAR was assessed using self-reported questionnaires based on the Global Activity Limitation Indicator. mental illness was assessed based on the diagnosis data for participants who had been diagnosed. After excluding missing values, the data of 9,574 participants were analyzed using the chi-square test, log-rank tests, and time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model to evaluate the association between EAR and mental illness. ResultsOut of the 9,574 participants gathered at baseline, the mental illness rate was 4.8 %. The hazard ratio (HR) of mental illness in those in the “very probable” of EAR was 2.351 times higher (p-value <0.0001) compared with “not at all” of EAR. In model 1 which includes under 64 years, HR of mental illness in “very probable” of EAR was 3.679 times higher (p-value: 0.000) and in “probable” of EAR was 2.535 time higher (p-value: 0.001) compared with “not at all” of EAR. ConclusionIf we provide opportunities to participate in community activities or provide the mental health promotion programs for middle-aged population who are experiencing EAR due to health condition, it is expected to prevent the deterioration of mental health and reduce the incidence of mental illness among the middle-aged Korean population.

Mental health in Colombian dementia patients: the impact of COVID‐19

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic related to the new coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 has generated new challenges in healthcare systems worldwide. In Colombia, different measures were adopted, such as preventive isolation, to reduce the number of infections considering its high transmissibility. However, this led to changes in the mental health of older individuals affected both by this confinement situation and by the consequences of the disease in this population group.MethodThe objective is to determine if there are cognitive changes associated with the disease and confinement due to the new coronavirus infection in a sample of 70 individuals with dementia. To achieve this, an analysis of one of the COVID‐19 questionnaires proposed in the RedLat project is performed, in which relatives and patients report their perception of changes in their mental health. The impact of the confinement situation and the disease itself is analyzed.ResultIn general, a significant change is found in the cognitive, affective, and social sphere of each individual with dementia.ConclusionThese findings are relevant as they allow for the proposal of alternative rehabilitation strategies following COVID‐19 and the generation of other mental health promotion programs in older individuals with cognitive impairment.

The relationship between depression and sexual satisfaction: An equation model analysis

BACKGROUND: The relationship between depression and sexual satisfaction in middle-aged women has been reported previously. However, there is insufficient evidence that depression is related to sexual satisfaction or that sexual satisfaction is related to depression. This study evaluated the relationship between depression and sexual satisfaction in middle-aged women by evaluating the equation model analysis of the two models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 middle-aged women in Isfahan, Iran, in 2021. Sexual satisfaction dimensions were evaluated using self-report women's sexual satisfaction questionnaire. Also, the depression scale of the general health questionnaire was used to measure of the depression level. Research data were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression test. Also, the fit of the model was evaluated using Amos software. RESULTS: The results showed that depression score had an inverse relationship with sexual satisfaction in the relational concern dimension (Beta = −0.27, P = 0.006, CI: −0.11 to − 0.86). Model fit evaluation showed that the sexual satisfaction-depression model had a better fit than the depression-sexual satisfaction model (CMIN/DF = 1.123, P = 0.64). CONCLUSION: The results showed that depression in middle-aged women is related to the relational concern. It is necessary to consider counseling programs to solve sexual relationship concerns in middle-aged women's mental health promotion programs.

Identifying Characteristics of Community-Embedded Positive Mental Health Promotion Programs: An Integrative Review

Mental health programs are varied in scope and nature; there is little consensus across theoretical background and program content. This review consists of a database search complemented by an environmental scan. The peer-reviewed literature mapped the body of literature on national and international programs embedded in the community. Records (N = 12) on primary studies describing programs were included and complemented by an environmental scan of existing community programs in one Canadian province (N = 16). Most programs were considered effective, psychoeducational in nature, and grounded in positive psychology theory. A promising path forward for promoting mental health is through enhancing mental health literacy (MHL); community MHL programs require further investigation.

Solo Supermom: Psychological Well-Being pada Ibu Tunggal yang Kehilangan Pasangan Meninggal Dunia

A single mother who lost her spouse due to death bears the dual responsibility of being both a father and mother in the family, including managing the household, educating her children, and supporting herself. This situation places significant physical and mental pressure on her. The spouse’s role as a support system is no longer available to the single mom, and the grief experienced as an independent single mom leads to changes in her psychological well-being. This research aims to provide an overview of the psychological well-being of single mothers who have lost their spouses due to death. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with thematic analysis. Data collection involves semi-structured interviews with three participants using snowball sampling. The research findings indicate that single mothers undergo changes in self-acceptance and their current experiences after experiencing profound grief due to abandonment for approximately one year. Social support from the family influences a positive connection with their environment, while a lack of social support results in loneliness and reduced self-esteem. Job instability makes it difficult for single mothers to earn a living and be self-reliant. Social pressures related to the assessment of their status as widows and single mothers are felt by them. Single mothers have life goals related to the future of their children, and for those who are pessimistic, life is often entirely dedicated to their children, with limited opportunities for self-development. This research can be used by mental health promotion program designers and policymakers as additional empirical information on the current condition of single mothers' psychological well-being.

Psychological Distress among Care Recipients Attending Youth Mental Health Promotion Centers across Karnataka, India.

Yuva Spandana (YS) is a unique community-based youth mental health promotion program implemented across Karnataka. We assessed factors affecting PD among the population served by YS between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was done utilizing the visit forms of 10,340 YS's care recipients. A conceptual framework was developed, and all hypothesized variables within this framework were considered exposures. All exposure variables significant at P < 0.10 in univariate analysis were included in multivariable analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed by including each of the significant potential exposure variables from univariate analysis using a forward-stepping process. Care recipients with health and lifestyle issues were at almost two times increased risk for PD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =1.74 and 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.52-2.00), and those with self-development issues were almost 2.5 times more likely to have PD (AOR = 2.44 and 95% CI - 2.12-2.79). Those who reported emotional statuses of feeling worried, lost, incapable, lonely, and distrusting were at 21.4, 3.5, 26.3, 37.9, and 4.7 times higher odds of having PD, respectively. Isolating the risk factors associated with PD will help tailor the mental health promotion provided by YS to at-risk groups.

Impact of Mental Health Legislation on Public Interest and Awareness of Common Mental Disorders: Insights From an Infodemiological Study of Search Volumes From 2004 to 2021 in the Philippines.

This study explored online public interest using search volumes for various mental disorders using an infodemiological design. Google Trends search volumes for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and substance abuse from January 2004 to December 2021 in the Philippines were described and compared. In addition, interrupted time series and mean comparisons were done to determine the impact of the Philippine Mental Health Act. Findings show that public interest was highest for major depressive disorder, followed by anxiety disorder, substance abuse, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Among them, public interest in schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse improved following the Act's legislation. The uneven stigma of mental disorders and the incomplete implementation and unequal focus of Philippine mental health promotion programs can explain these findings. Thus, mental disorders with low public interest should be given attention in mental health awareness activities.

Values and preferences related to workplace mental health programs and interventions: An international survey.

This study explores the perspectives of workers and managers on workplace programs and interventions that seek to promote mental wellbeing, and prevent and treat mental health conditions The results contributed supporting evidence for the development of the WHO's first global guidelines for mental health and work, which provide evidence-based recommendations to support the implementation of workplace mental health programs and supports, to improve their acceptability, appropriateness, and uptake. An international online survey was used to examine the values and preferences among workers and managers related to workplace mental health prevention, protection, promotion, and support programs and services. The survey was made available in English, French, and Spanish and recruitment consisted of convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the survey data. Rapid thematic qualitative analysis was used to analyse the results of open-ended questions. N = 451 responses representing all WHO regions were included in the analysis. These results provide a unique international perspective on programs and supports for mental health at work, from the standpoint of workers and managers. Results suggest that workers value interventions developed in consultation with workers (including indicated, selective and universal interventions), increased training and capacity building among managers, and targeted interventions to address the pervasive impact of stigma on perceptions about mental health at work and help-seeking. The findings of this study seek to reflect the perspectives of workers and their managers, and therein to promote improved access, availability and uptake of mental health programs and supports at work and-ultimately- to support the potential of workplaces as environments that promote and support mental health.

Assessment of risk factors for suicidal behavior: results from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Employees' Cohort study.

Suicide is a major issue of concern for public health. It is estimated that suicide accounts for 700,000 deaths every year. A personal history of one or more suicide attempts is the most important determinant of suicide among the general population. This study aimed to assess the major risk factors associated with suicidal behaviors among Iranian employees in a medical setting. In this study, 3,913 employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences who participated in the employees' cohort study conducted by the university were recruited. Suicidal behaviors (SBs) and their associated risk factors were evaluated using the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) Version 3.0. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the determinants of SBs among the participants, and crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Overall, 49.6% of respondents (n = 1,939) reported that they were tired of life and thinking about death. The lifetime prevalence rate of suicidal ideation (SI) was 8.1% (n = 317), that of suicide planning (SP) was 7.3% (n = 287), and that of suicide attempts (SA) was 3.1% (n = 122). Being female (OR: 1.87, CI: 1.64-2.12), being divorced (OR: 3.13, CI: 1.88-5.22), having a low level of education (OR: 1.57, CI: 1.15-2.14), and working in clinical and medical services (OR: 1.25, CI: 1.09-1.43) were associated with being tired of life and thinking about death. These factors were also associated with SI, SP, and SA. These findings highlight the need to prioritize mental health for suicide prevention, especially for high-risk groups, in workplace mental health promotion programs and policies.

Strengthening Mental Health and Resilience Through Schools: Protocol for a Participatory Design Project.

Mental health problems are a main contributor to the global burden of disease in children and young people within urban environments. In response, the potential of both school- and sport-based mental health promotion interventions has been advocated. However, there exists limited insights into how sport-based interventions can be integrated within school environment. Moreover, there is a need to consider children and young people's specific needs, challenges, and motivations when designing novel mental health promotion interventions. The Strengthening Mental Health and Resilience Through Schools (SMARTS) project aims to co-design an evidence-informed school-sport-based mental health promotion program. Specific objectives include (1) co-designing a multicomponent program, integrating sport sessions with class-based sessions, and complementing with educational modules for teachers and parents; (2) exploring how the mental health program can be implemented most effectively within the Brussels school system; and (3) conducting preliminary process and outcome testing of the program. A participatory design framework will be adopted to develop the program. This framework involves end users throughout the entire study process, from problem identification to intervention delivery and evaluation, while at the same time ensuring program development remains directly informed by the available scientific evidence. Participant recruitment will commence in September 2023. The full project will be completed by March 2027. With this intervention, we aim to provide a direct contribution to the promotion of children and young people's mental health within the Brussels school context. At a broader level, conducting and documenting this large participatory design project can, hopefully, inspire other researchers to tailor their mental health programs to specific populations. PRR1-10.2196/49670.

Enhancing 2SLGBTQIA+ Student Support Through Practical Professional Development and Structured GSA Programming

This article explores how school staff may enhance their capacity to support and affirm 2SLGBTQIA+ youth by meaningfully participating in hands-on professional development and implementing structured mental health promotion and healthy relationships programming in gender and sexuality alliances or other educational venues.

Developing a School-Based Mental Health Promotion Program Through Co-creation Approach

School setting is an effective environment for primary mental health care for students. There have been many mental health support programs in schools for students, most of which are predesigned. The objectives of this paper are: i) To introduce the co-creation approach; and ii) To narratively describe the process of co-creating a mental health promotion program for 04 secondary schools and 04 high schools in Nghe An and Khanh Hoa, Vietnam. Students, teachers, parents and local authorities were the involved stakeholders. Mixed methods including narrative research, observations, open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires were used. The results show that using co-creation approach to develop a mental health promotion program is feasible and applicable in Vietnam. Challenges, learnt lessons and discussion about feasibility of the co-creation process to develop the school-based mental health promotion program are also mentioned in the paper.