Mental Difficulties Research Articles

Exploring Young Adults' Reluctance to Engage With Psychiatric Hospitals in Erbil, Iraq: Identifying Barriers to Psychiatric Care.

In Erbil, Iraq, the reluctance of young adults to engage with psychiatric services is influenced by a complex array of barriers, including stigma-related, attitudinal, and instrumental factors that hinder effective mental healthcare access. This study aimed to identify these specific barriers to accessing psychiatric care among young adults in Erbil. The study utilized a cross-sectional online survey conducted between April 5th and May 1st, 2024. Data collection was carried out through purposive sampling and involved a comprehensive questionnaire. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants before they started the survey, which collected demographic data and utilized the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE v3) tool. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) were used for categorical data, while the mean and standard deviation characterized continuous variables. Chi-square tests, including Fisher's exact test and odds ratio (OR), were used to analyze categorical data, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. A total of 407 participants were enrolled in the study. The study highlighted several barriers to mental health care. Stigma-related barriers were significant, with participants fearing being seen as weak (mean score = 2.14, SD = 0.96) and concerns about being labeled "crazy" (mean score = 1.80, SD = 1.19). Regarding attitudinal barriers, there was a notable preference for dealing with issues independently (mean score = 2.04, SD = 0.98) and a tendency towardresolving problems without professional help (mean score = 1.88, SD = 0.98). Additionally, instrumental barriers were identified, including the rare availability of culturally diverse mental health professionals (mean score = 1.78, SD = 1.09) and practical difficulties such as arranging transportation to appointments (mean score = 0.61, SD = 0.87). The study demonstrated that young adults in Erbil face significant stigma and attitudinaland instrumental barriers to accessing psychiatric care. In response to these findings, it is recommended for the government to prioritize mental health awareness, actively destigmatize mental health issues, and improve service accessibility to foster a supportive care environment. Additionally, mental health professionals and educational institutions should collaborate to provide targeted support programs and resources for young adults.

Self-reported problems and functional difficulties in anxious pregnant women in Pakistan: The use of a patient-generated mental health outcome measure.

Anxiety during pregnancy affects women worldwide and is highly prevalent in Pakistan. The Psychological Outcome Profiles (PSYCHLOPS) questionnaire is an instrument used in therapy to assess patient-generated problems and the consequent functional difficulties. Using the PSYCHLOPS, we aimed to describe the type of problems and the consequent functional difficulties faced by anxious pregnant women in Pakistan. Secondarily, we sought to explore if a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based intervention brought about changes in the severity score for certain problems or functional difficulties. Anxious pregnant women were recruited from the Obstetrics/Gynecology Department of a tertiary hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Of 600 pregnant women randomized to receive a psychosocial intervention for prenatal anxiety delivered by non-specialist providers, 450 received ≥1 intervention session and were administered the PSYCHLOPS. Eight types of problems were identified; worries about the unborn baby's health and development (23%), concerns about family members (13%), and financial constraints (12%) were the most frequently reported primary problems. Severity scores between baseline and the last available therapy session indicated the largest decrease for relationship problems (mean = 2.4) and for concerns about family members (mean = 2.2). For functional difficulties, 45% of the participants reported difficulties in performing household chores, but the intervention showed the greatest decrease in severity scores for mental or emotional functional difficulties. Focus on certain types of patient-generated problems, e.g., relationship problems, could anchor therapy delivery in order to have the greatest impact. Tailored CBT-based intervention sessions have the potential to address important but neglected problems and functional difficulties in anxious pregnant women.

Supporting the mental health of young people from ethnically diverse groups during the transition from primary to secondary school

Background: The transition from primary to secondary school is a pivotal period in young people’s lives and can significantly impact their mental health. However, the experiences of young people from ethnically diverse groups during this crucial period of physical, social and emotional development are under-researched, limiting the evidence base for meaningful support. Objectives: This study explored the experiences of young people from ethnically diverse groups during primary-secondary school transition and co-designed ideas for culturally sensitive support. It explicitly focused on the intersection between ethnic and cultural identity, primary-secondary transition and mental health. Methods: The study employed participatory design to collaborate with seven young people from ethnically diverse groups and a peer researcher. Four online workshops mapped participant experiences and ideas concerning the primary-secondary transition, identity and mental health. These were developed into implications for practice, policy and research. Results: Participants highlighted feeling unprepared for the transition, with some experiencing poor mental health and difficulty navigating their ethnic and cultural identity during this time. Participants’ ideas for future transition experiences included: supporting a longer transition period, schools promoting diversity among students and staff, enabling education on ethnicity and culture, breaking stereotypes, enabling mutual learning among staff and students and enabling an open and caring environment to support mental health. Conclusions: The study provides an in-depth understanding of experiences of young people from ethnically diverse groups during primary-secondary transition and suggests ways of supporting multi-faceted transitions and mental health, with a key focus on ethnic and cultural identity formation.

A Cross-sectional study to assess the mental health problems during menstrual cycle among adolescent girls in the rural area of Wardha District

Introduction It is essential to improve global public health and to achieve sustainable developmental goals. Mental health problems are common during menstruation in adolescent girls. Menstrual problems affect academic performance, personal lives, and social lives. Menstrual problems are both affective and somatic. This study is undertaken to study the Impact of Menstruation on the Mental Health of young adolescent girls. The participants ‘ ages range from 15 to 19 years. Adolescent coping method ds Mental health, psychological well-being, and spiritual well-being were assessed. Menstrual-phase respondents exhibited increased psychological traits as a measure of adolescent girls’ coping with mental difficulties. Objectives To evaluate menstruation-related knowledge, attitude, sources of information, and psychological well-being To determine the mental health problems during the menstrual cycle. To find out the association between sociodemographic variables and mental health problems during menstrual cycle Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of the Wardha district. This study used a descriptive cross-sectional research design. A sample of 364 individuals was selected using random sampling. The inclusion criteria were adolescent girls aged 15–19 years who attained menstruation. Exclusion criteria: Girls younger than 15 years and above 19 years, as well as those who were hesitant and uncomfortable asking for information to participate in the study, were excluded. Outcomes Adolescent girls experienced menstruation-related psychosocial issues that are not uncommon. Menstrual distress, burden, stigma, lack of counselling services, lack of preparation menarche, lack of easy access to clean resources, vacy concerns when changing pads are necessary, lack of facilities for disposing sanitary napkins, and inadequate psychological and social support. Most girls experienced stress, mood swings, and restlessness during their menstrual cycle. These findings are consistent with past studies that found that the majority of girls were agitated during menstruation. Approximately 25% of them felt ashamed and guilty about their pubertal changes, and experienced menarche in fear, shyness, and sadness. On the first day of menstruation, girls report psychological problems such as anxiety, trouble concentrating, sadness, irritability, and excitement7. Approximately two-thirds of teenagers in the current study were unaware that menarche occurred earlier.

AI시대 속의 다문화 가족이 처한 현실에 관한 논의

The purpose of this study is that in the AI era, now we are faced up that the multi-cultural families and their members are experiencing the realistic difficulties which was brought about by the multi-cultural phenomenon, so I would like to suggest that how can our society have receptive attitude for them and also suggest about care plan for them. Our reality is facing a national crisis of population decline and labor shortage. The world is changing at a very rapid pace, and technological civilization is becoming more advanced. However, the area where progress is particularly slow is in terms of immigrants settling into Korean society, learning the Korean language, and accepting to Korean culture, just like as soul-food. It is also time for us to pay attention to the physical, mental and psychological difficulties which the members of multi-cultural families are experiencing. It is time for us to need some concerns and cares about that quick change from unfamiliarity to familiarity within their family relationships, in adjusting in school life of their children, and in their living environment. Counseling and therapeutic approaches to these people should also be implemented in parallel with Korean language education and cultural adaption education. It is also necessary to refine laws and systems. We must recognize that these people are also members of our society, and we need to put our heads together for the wisdom.

Fresh goose-fat to cure a nightmare?

The health problems of the draughtsman Nebre involving the intervention of deities are well-known in Egyptological literature. Several stelae set up by him bear witness of his gratitude for the benevolence shown by deities in curing sicknesses within his family.&#x0D; The texts of two ostraca – one of which unknown so far – present more insight into the mental difficulties of this prominent member of the Deir el-Medina community and the remarkable proposed medical prescription.

Implementing a student-centered stroke intervention and prevention education program; evaluating motivation, cognitive load, and performance among middle school students.

In this study, we investigated the association between motivation, cognitive load, difficulty, and performance in a stroke education outreach program implemented for middle school students. Various interactive instructional activities were developed to engage students throughout the program to assess cognitive and intrinsic load arising from learner implementation of various tasks in a stroke education program for middle school kids. Performance was measured using a post-test to assess knowledge gained by the 6th, 7th, and 8th-grade middle school students. A short questionnaire was also administered to collect data on students' motivation using the ARCS model to asses attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. In addition, we evaluated difficulty level and cognitive load. The relationship between performance and motivation was assessed using Pearson's correlation. In our results, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in performance between the 6th, 7th, and 8th-grade students. The difference in performance, cognitive load (mental effort and difficulty), or motivation between the 6th, 7th, and 8 t-grade students was not significant (p > 0.05). The correlation between motivation and performance was significant (r = 0.87, p = 0.001), while the correlation between mental effort and performance was not significant (r = 0.34, p = 0.270). Also, the correlation between difficulty and performance was not significant (r = 0.38, p = 0.361). In the ARCS motivation model, attention, and confidence received the lowest mean scores (3.9), while relevance received the highest score (4.3). Our findings reveal the importance of implementing novel activities to enhance students' motivation to improve performance in the implementation of stroke education outreach programs for middle school students.

Slovene Translation of the Difficulties in Suicidal Behaviors Intervention Questionnaire (DSBQ).

Background: Mental health professionals encounter numerous difficulties when working with suicidal clients. To understand these difficulties in clinical practice better, a valid instrument measuring them is needed. Aims: This study aimed to translate the Difficulties in Suicidal Behaviors Intervention Questionnaire (DSBQ) to Slovene, validate it, and explore Slovenian professionals' experiences with it. Method: The participants were 106 professionals (19 men, 87 women), aged 26-66 years. Apart from the DSBQ, scales on attitudes toward suicide prevention and coping strategies in difficult clinical situations were used. The data were collected between October 2017 and January 2019. Results: Although slightly diverging from the originally reported component structure, the Slovene translation of the DSBQ measures difficulties in working with suicidal clients with acceptable/good reliability and sensitivity, and adequate construct validity. Slovenian professionals most commonly experience difficulties related to working with children, followed by technical, system and setting, and other types of difficulties. Limitations: The sample of participants was relatively heterogeneous. Conclusion: Further studies of the DSBQ structure and validity, as well as difficulties, especially those related to working with children/adolescents and facing the theme of death, are warranted. Considering the difficulties most frequently reported in this investigation, more efforts are also needed in Slovenia to address technical and logistic aspects.

Investigating LGBTQ affirmative attitudes and needs for better practice among Hungarian healthcare professionals

AbstractIntroduction: LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) people often do not seek health care and do not identify as LGBTQ people because of fear of judgment, stereotyping, and discrimination by health professionals. All of this is a particularly worrying phenomenon, because various mental difficulties, risky behaviors, and certain types of somatic and psychosomatic diseases may appear in a higher proportion among them.Objectives Attitudes related to LGBTQ people were examined in several areas in Hungary. Most of our data comes from psychologists, however, a comprehensive examination of health professionals’ attitudes towards LGBTQ people has not yet been carried out.MethodsIn a cross-sectional online survey, we ask healthcare professionals (medical doctors, nurses, other graduate healthcare professionals and medical university students) to fill out our questionnaire. The participants complete the Modern Homonegativity Scale and the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Clinical Skills Development Scale.Results We assume that the majority of Hungarian healthcare professionals have a neutral or positive attitude towards LGBTQ people, but they struggle with a significant lack of affirmative skills. We will present our results in detail in the presentation of the symposium.ConclusionsThere is an urgent need to provide the appropriate affirmative knowledge material to Hungarian healthcare workers.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

I Was an Elite Tennis Athlete; I Played, I Won, I m Forced and I Left

Tennis players may encounter many physical and mental difficulties on the way to becoming a performance athlete by focusing on their careers and having to sacrifice their educational experiences, work opportunities and social lives. While this situation leads to an increase in their tendency to quit sports at an early age, it also shows that there is a need for studies to determine the factors that affect sports behavior. In this direction, the aim of the study is to examine and evaluate the reasons for starting and continuing tennis, the difficulties they encounter as athletes and the reasons for quitting tennis. This research, which was conducted with qualitative methodology, was carried out within the scope of phenomenology pattern. In this study, in which convenience sampling and criterion sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods, were used together, a screening was carried out according to the pre-established criteria in the process of determining the participant. In line with these criteria, the study group consists of 22 athletes, male and female, who have played elite tennis in clubs affiliated to the Turkish Tennis Federation and who have quit tennis. From the participants; They were asked to answer questions about the reasons for starting tennis, the reasons for becoming an elite tennis player, the difficulties they encountered while playing tennis, and the reasons for quitting tennis. The data obtained were coded within the framework of questions and sub-questions using content analysis, and then themes and sub-themes were determined. As a result, the majority of the participants stated that they started tennis with the support of their parents, they expected to have a reputation/status and to have social/educational opportunities thanks to tennis. In addition, it was concluded that they could not be motivated enough to train-competition due to the lack of knowledge of their trainers and they stopped playing tennis due to permanent injuries, surgical operations and mental fatigue.

Physical, Mental, and Social Difficulties of Young Adults under 30 Years Living with Dementia Patients: Community Health Survey, 2019

Physical, Mental, and Social Difficulties of Young Adults under 30 Years Living with Dementia Patients: Community Health Survey, 2019

The Perceived Assessment of Covid-19 Impact on Mental Functioning and Suicidality in Adult Population of Serbia

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the extent to which people in Serbia in the post-pandemic period assess the impact of coronavirus pandemic on their mental/professional functioning, and whether this assessment is correlated with the occurrence of suicidal ideation and behaviours. The retrospective-prospective study was conducted online via Google Forms during January 2023. The sample included 341 respondents from the general population, 250 women (73.3%) and 91 men (26.7%), aged from 19 to 72 (M=36.41, SD=14.72). Sociodemographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on the pandemic effects, and the Risk Assessment Suicidality Scale were used to obtain data. The respondents assessed the pandemic not to have exerted a significant effect on their mental life (M=1.19±0.84) and professional functioning (M=1.55±1.02). The women, university students, pensioners and single respondents reported a greater impact of the pandemic on mental functioning, while university students and single respondents reported a greater impact on professional functioning. The respondents who were assessed to be at suicide risk (15.8%) reported a higher effect of the pandemic on mental (U=5385, p&lt;0.001) and professional functioning (U=5799, p&lt;0.01). Multivariant binary logistic regression showed that having a family history of mental disorders (odds ratio 2.73), younger age (OR, 1.1) and not being in a relationship (OR, 0.49) increased suicide risk in this sample. Results are in line with previous findings indicating that women, university students and pensioners reported a higher effect of the pandemic on the level of stress, depression and anxiety symptoms. The study also speaks in favour of a specific vulnerability of people suffering from mental difficulties after the pandemic.

Mental well-being and difficulties of Polish teachers during remote education in the COVID-19 Pandemic

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic negatively affected the mental and social well-being of people worldwide. While most research focused on children's difficulties, such as mood changes and social withdrawal, few studies explored the challenges faced by teachers, especially in the context of mental health. This study aimed to understand teachers' views on their well-being during and before COVID-19. A survey of 216 teachers was conducted, of whom 115 worked in mainstream primary schools and 101 in special schools in Poland, during a period of severe pandemic conditions and social isolation measures. The findings showed that the pandemic had significant effects on teachers' mental health in some aspects, but this was not always negative. This highlights the need to prioritize teachers' well-being, not only during crises but also on a daily basis. Ultimately, the quality of children's education depends on the mental state of their teachers.

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health in Danish school children in 5th to 7th grade.

We wanted to examine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health in Danish school children in 5th to 7th grade (11 to 15 years), and whether the impact differed across age and sex. We included 793 and 391 school children from winter 2020 and winter 2021, respectively. Mental health was measured using the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Data were analyzed by sex using linear regression models adjusting for grade (age), cohabitation, geographical region, employment status of parents, and schools as clusters. Girls in 5th grade and boys in 6th grade during Covid-19 had statistically significant lower well-being (SWEMWBS) compared with before Covid-19. Girls in 5th and 6th grade during Covid-19 had non-statistically significant lower scores on all subscales of SDQ compared with girls before Covid-19. Girls in 7th grade during Covid-19 had statistically significant lower total difficulty score (SDQ) and fewer conduct problems (SDQ) compared with girls before Covid-19. Boys in 5th grade during Covid-19 had statistically significant fewer conduct problems (SDQ) compared with boys before Covid-19. This study indicates that the Covid-19 pandemic impacted Danish school children differently across sex and grade (age). During Covid-19, mental health tended to be better among the oldest girls and worse among the youngest girls compared with girls before Covid-19. Boys in 6th grade had poorer mental well-being, and boys in 5th grade had fewer conduct problems during Covid-19 compared with before Covid-19.

Substance Use Among Middle School Adolescents: Association with Family Members’ and Peers’ Substance Use and the Mediating Role of School and Mental Difficulties

Objective We assessed the associations of substance (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and other illicit drugs) use of adolescents with that of their family members (father, mother, step-parent, brothers/sisters, and grandparents) and peers, and the mediating role of school and mental difficulties (SMDs) which remained insufficiently addressed. Methods This cross-sectional population-based study included 1,559 middle-school adolescents in France (mean age = 13.5 ± 1.3, 778 boys, 781 girls). They completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure and parents’ education, occupation, and income), substance use, cumulative number of substance use of family members (father, mother, step-parent, brothers/sisters, and grandparents) and peers (noted familySUcn and peerSUcn), SMDs (grade repetition, suffered physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, lack of family/peer support, depressive symptoms, suicide attempt, and age at onset). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and Kaplan–Meier estimates. Results Most adolescents had familySUcn 1–2, 3–5, and ≥ 6 (39.1%, 23.0%, and 4.5%, respectively) and peerSUcn 1–2 and ≥ 3 (36.1% and 13.0%, respectively). Strong dose–effect associations were found between all substance use and familySUcn and peerSUcn (odds ratio adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic features reaching 13.44 and 9.90, respectively, most with p < .001). SMDs explained more the associations of all substance use with familySUcn than with peerSUcn (contributions reaching 69% and 34%, respectively). The proportion of subjects without each substance use decreased with age more quickly among the adolescents with higher familySUcn or peerSUcn. Conclusions Early prevention reducing familySUcn, peerSUcn and SMDs among adolescents and their families may reduce efficiently initiation and regular use of substances during adolescents’ life course.

Analysing the Impact of Crises on Financial Performance: Empirical Insights from Tourism and Transport Companies Listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange (during 2005–2022)

To adapt to the business environment, organisations adhere to management strategies capable of removing the effects of negative events, transforming themselves into resilient organisations. Physical and mental difficulties are the consequences of recent corporate developments, and protecting these organisations is a significant concern for managers. Using regression analysis of panel data, we evaluate the effectiveness and performance of 34 tourism and transport companies listed on the BSE in the 2005–2022 period by testing the effect of leverage on financial performance. Then, we focus on identifying the effects of recent crises (the global financial crisis of 2007–2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic) on financial performance and, implicitly, on organisational resilience. The findings suggest that the research hypotheses were partially validated, noting that the indicators included in the study registered significant decreases for the COVID-19 crisis period compared to the global financial crisis period. The paper provides information on measuring the resilience of companies through their ability to withstand the global financial crisis and the crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is also among the first to examine the role of financial crises in the leverage and financial performance relationship in Romania.

THE RESEARCH OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE OF ADOLESCENTS WITH COMPENSATED MENTAL DEVELOPMENTAL DIFFICULTIES: THE RELEVANCE AND PROSPECTS

The article discusses the results of the study on social and communicative skills of adolescents with compensated difficulties in mental development. The relevance of the study is due to the steady increase in the number of children with various mental development delays, who, after appropriate correctional assistance, more or less successfully adapt to the conditions of the educational space, solving development problems at subsequent stages of life. A poor knowledge of these “delayed effects” of mental development difficulties in domestic psychology significantly limits the possibilities of providing adequate psychological assistance to adolescents of the above category. At the same time, in adolescence, integration into the system of communication and social interaction with others is considered as one of the most important tasks of personality development. It was revealed that the difficulty of mental development in childhood and its subsequent compensation have a significant impact on social behaviour in late adolescence.

Cosmetic gynecology - positive impact mental and menstrual health: A case report.

Background: Cosmetic Gynecology practice has previously been labelled as purely esthetic and luxurybased. This case report demonstrates that this novel practice is useful for promoting positive mentalhealth and menstrual function.Case presentation: A 16-year-old nulliparous presented with esthetically displeasing results followinggenital surgery in childhood for a perineal mass with resultant posterior fourchette webbing. The estheticresult was noted to cause her mental distress and difficulty in tampon use. Correction of the untowardsurgical effect allowed easy tampon use, prevented future dyspareunia, and improved her overall mentalhealth.Discussion: Posterior fourchette webbing resulting from poor technique in labia minoraplasty leads tochronic perineal pain and dyspareunia. The resultant esthetics can also be displeasing. Surgical revisioncan alleviate these effects and improve self-esteem and mental health.Conclusion: Previously labeled as elective and occasionally unnecessary, cosmetic gynecology canimprove menstrual and reproductive function as well as mental health in women of reproductive age andadolescents.

Benchmarking institutional geriatric hip fracture management: a prelude to a care quality improvement initiative.

Fractures around the hip in older adults have increased in the last two decades, and the numbers are projected to rise over the next 30years with estimates that half of them will occur in Asia. Proximal hip fractures should be operated within 48h of injury to prevent poor outcomes. This study aims to benchmark current hip fracture care using quality improvement tools of care structure, care processes, and outcomes in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India and determine the evidence-practice gaps and barriers to implementing the six best practices that reduce mortality and morbidity in fragility hip fractures. A total of 101 consecutive patients above 50years of age with proximal femoral fractures after a trivial fall were included. Patients were divided into two groups: those operated within [Group A] and beyond [Group B] 72h of admission. Care structure assessment included delays in admission, delay in surgery, and anesthesia risk grading. Care processes included the type of surgery performed and postoperative complications. The primary outcomes were the 30-day and 1-year mortality and the secondary outcomes included the length of stay, mobility at 6 months, return to pre-fracture independence, activity limitations, pressure sores, and readmission to the hospital. Group A comprised 26 individuals, and the remaining 75 were in Group B. There were two deaths in Group A as compared to one death in Group B at 30days; however, there were no new deaths at 1year in Group A and 14 deaths in Group B (p = 0.187). Group B had lengthier hospital stays, poorer mobility, and higher physical and mental difficulties. No patients had re-operation on the initial fracture. This study emphasizes the importance of early admission and fast provision of surgical fixation to reduce mortality and morbidity. Benchmarking institutional practices allows for defining the evidence-practice gaps and barriers to best practice implementation. This is an essential step to begin care quality improvement for geriatric patients with proximal femur fragility fractures.

학교부적응 다문화청소년의 심리적 지원방안

The purpose of this study is to establish a policy for psychological support measures for multicultural youth by identifying the factors of school maladjustment of adolescents from multicultural families. As children from multicultural families enter school age, they suffer from mental difficulties such as depression and anxiety due to language, cultural differences, and social discrimination, leading to school maladjustment due to low self-esteem and interpersonal avoidance. Multicultural youth's school maladjustment is a very important part of Korean society and can develop into a social problem later, and multicultural youth's psychological support can play an important role in preventing and solving school maladjustment problems for various psychological reasons, such as family conflicts due to different values and cultural discrimination, and the formation of relationships with peers. Furthermore, it is important to create an environment to promote self-esteem and grow healthy with a positive self-image of multicultural youth, and to present policies for psychological support measures to solve school maladjustment problems in cooperation with families, educational institutions, and local communities.