Menopause In Middle-aged Women Research Articles

Predicting the age at natural menopause in middle-aged women.

Objective:To predict the age at natural menopause (ANM).Methods:Cox models with time-dependent covariates were utilized for ANM prediction using longitudinal data from 47 to 55-year-old women (n = 279) participating in the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis study. The ANM was assessed retrospectively for 105 women using bleeding diaries. The predictors were chosen from the set of 32 covariates by using the lasso regression (model 1). Another easy-to-access model (model 2) was created by using a subset of 16 self-reported covariates. The predictive performance was quantified with c-indices and by studying the means and standard deviations of absolute errors (MAE ± SD) between the predicted and observed ANM.Results:Both models included alcohol consumption, vasomotor symptoms, self-reported physical activity, and relationship status as predictors. Model 1 also included estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels as well as SD of menstrual cycle length, while model 2 included smoking, education, and the use of hormonal contraception as additional predictors. The mean c-indices of 0.76 (95% CI 0.71-0.81) for model 1 and 0.70 (95% CI 0.65-0.75) for model 2 indicated good concordance between the predicted and observed values. MAEs of 0.56 ± 0.49 and 0.62 ± 0.54 years respectively for model 1 and 2 were clearly smaller than the MAE for predicted sample mean (1.58 ± 1.02).Conclusions:In addition to sex hormone levels, irregularity of menstrual cycle, and menopausal symptoms, also life habits and socioeconomic factors may provide useful information for ANM prediction. The suggested approach could add value for clinicians’ decision making related to the use of contraception and treatments for menopausal symptoms in perimenopausal women.Video Summary:.

Factors Influencing Adaptation to Menopause in Middle-aged Women.

To identify factors influencing adaptation to menopause in middle-aged women. Participants were 157 middle-aged women who visited Y gynecologic clinic in C city. Data were collected through interviews using the Korean CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression), climacteric symptoms, life event stress, and menopausal adaptation scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS. There were significant differences in adaptation to menopause according to monthly income, life satisfaction, and marital satisfaction. Adaptation to menopause had significantly negative correlations with depression, climacteric symptoms, and life event stress. Depression, monthly income, climacteric symptoms, and life event stress were verified as factors affecting adaptation to menopause. These factors accounted for 41.9% of adaptation to menopause. These variables should be considered in nursing interventions to improve adaptation to menopause in middle-aged women. Individuals should have the will to overcome menopause positively and actively.

A Study of Educational Need, Attitude and Knowledge toward Menopause in Middle-aged Women

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate educational needs, knowledge and attitude towards menopause in middle-aged women Method: The research design was a descriptive study. The subjects of this study were 231 middle-aged women. Data was collected from a structured questionnaire from October 2 to November 30, 2007. Result: The score of educational needs towards menopause was relatively high at 3.83/5. The score of educational needs related to 'Osteoporosis'(3.99 score), 'Cardiovascular disease'(3.91 score), and 'Hormone replacement therapy'(3.87 score) was relatively high. The score of know ledge towards menopause was relatively low at 17.28/30. The score of attitude towards menopause was neutral at 2.3/4. The relationship between knowledge and attitude towards menopause revealed a negative significant correlation(r=-.194, p=.003). The relationship between knowledge and educational needs towards menopause revealed a positive significant correlation(r=0.275, p

Correlational study on Management of Menopause, Sm Role Attitude and Self-Esteem in Middle-aged Women

Purpose: This study was conducted using a descriptive correlational survey to identify the relationship among management of menopause, sex role attitude, and sex-esteem in middle-aged women.anagement of menopause, sex role attitude, and sex-esteem in middle-aged women.Methods: Data were collected through selfreported questionnaires from June 14, 2003 to June 30, 2004. The sample were 207 middle-aged women who were 40-64 years. Data collection instruments were Song's management of menopause scale, Moon's sex role attitude scale, and Noh's selfesteem of quality of life scale. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive stastistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS 10.0 PC+ program.Results: The mean score in management of menopause was 2.13. For the management of menopause regarding general and obstetric characteristics, there was a significant difference in age. The mean score of sex role attitude was 3.31. For the sex role attitude regarding general and obstetric characteristics, there were significant differences in age, educational level, number of child, income, marital duration, menstruation state, and number of pregnancy. The mean score of self-esteem was 3.29. For the self-esteem regarding general and obstetric characteristics, there were significant differences in educational level, income. There was a significant correlation between management of menopause and self-esteem(r=0.305, p<0.01).Conclusions: Self-esteem was important for middle-aged women to increase management of menopause. Therefore, it is necessary to develop intervention considering self esteem for promoting management of menopause in middle-aged women.

Social and biological predictors of early menopause: a model for premature aging.

To investigate possible social, lifestyle-related and biological predictors of early menopause in middle-aged women, followed prospectively for 11 years. A prospective, population-based, cohort follow-up, observational study. Glostrup Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. A total of 493 female subjects, all aged 40 years at baseline, and divided into three groups according to self-reported menopausal age (40-45, 46-51, 51+ years), after 12 months of amenorrhoea. Women having had medical or surgical interventions to influence menopausal state were excluded. Body mass index, glucose, insulin, lipids, creatinine, uric acid, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), lung function tests (forced VC, FEV1, peak flow), blood pressure; a self-administered questionnaire with questions on psychosocial variables, lifestyle, and self-rated health. An early menopausal age correlated in an univariate way with impaired lung function, increased smoking habits and low social class (in childhood or present), as well as with a feeling of tiredness, all measured at the baseline investigation. On the contrary, a later menopausal age correlated with higher serum insulin and uric acid levels. In multiple regression analysis, with menopausal age as the dependent variable, it was found that smoking habits (number of years smoking) was inversely (P < 0.001), and insulin as well as uric acid were positively (P < 0.05) correlated with menopausal age. Females who smoke run an increased risk of early menopause, whereas relative hyperinsulinaemia is independently associated with later menopause. At the age of 40 years, high insulin levels in females might be just a marker for normal female sex hormone physiology, not for insulin resistance, as seen in postmenopausal female subjects. Early menopause might be useful as a potential model of premature ageing.

The male menopause: lifestyle and sexuality

The existence of a variety of disturbing symptoms, sometimes loosely described as ‘the male menopause’, has received wide confirmation in both professional and lay literature over the last few years. Whilst there is no conclusive empirical evidence that the majority of men undergo a hormonal ‘change of life’ equivalent to that found in women, it has become clear that a significant number do experience psychological and social difficulties at some point in middle age. It has also become clear that in certain respects, these negative experiences resemble those typically associated with a traumatic menopause in middle-aged women. Amongst the various symptoms reported, one is of particular interest: the recurring expression of male sexual anxiety and/or dissatisfaction with sex-life. This paper draws upon a comparative analysis of professional and lay publications concerning the male menopause and menopause, which appeared in the U.K. and U.S.A. between approx. 1930–1983, to locate this expression of sexual anxiety in the context of a changing conception of middle age in the western world. The main focus is on the influence of contemporary models of sexualised lifestyle on sexual expectations and relations between the sexes during mid-life. Attention is also paid to the possible future implications of changing images of middle age for the diagnosis and treatment of the male menopause/climacteric or mid-life crisis.

Bone mineral content in relation to age and menopause in middle-aged women. A study of bone density in lumbar vertebrae by dual photon absorptiometry in a population sample of women.

As one phase of a comprehensive population study of women, bone density was determined in the third lumbar vertebra by dual photon absorptiometric technique. The method involves the use of two radionuclides, which both emit gamma radiation but with different energies (241Am with 59.6 keV and 137Cs with 662 keV). Women in three age strata were studied: 46, 54 and 62 years. The bone mineral content was higher in premenopausal or recently postmenopausal 54-year-old women than in women of the same age who had been postmenopausal for a long time (p less than 0.02). A similar trend was found for women aged 62. The differences could not be explained by differences in other factors studied, such as body height, body weight, smoking habits, numbers of pregnancies or physical inactivity. No significant differences were found when women with similar menstrual status in different age-groups were compared. In the ages studied, hormonal factors seem to be more important than the age per se for the development of oeteoporosis.