Construction Of Memory Research Articles

Коммеморативные практики Республики Таджикистан в 1991–1999 годы

The aspects of the formation and development of the historical policy of the Republic of Tajikistan in the 1990s are considered. Considerable attention was paid to the speeches of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan E.Sh. Rahmon, emphasizing the contribution of the Samanid dynasty to the foundation of Tajik statehood. The pre-Samanid and Samanid constructs of historical memory are analyzed as the main stages in the justification of historical memory in the state in the 1990s. Attention is drawn to the figure of I. Samani as the forefather of Tajik statehood. Regulatory legal acts indicating the formation of commemorative practices in the Republic of Tajikistan from 1991 to 1999 are considered.

Collective Memory Of Disaster And COVID-19: Narratives Of Mexican Rural Women

This article analyzes the process of construction of the collective memory of the disaster, associated with the COVID-19 pandemic event, of a group of rural women. The objective is to identify how the experiences of rural women from Xometla before, during and after the health contingency contribute to the construction of the collective memory of the disaster. A qualitative methodology was used to collect and examine the testimonies provided by these women. It is concluded that collective memory is a social construction based on painful experiences that evolves as people interact, share stories, and give meaning to the event

The Grenada Learning and Memory Scale: Psychometric features and normative data in Caribbean preschool children.

Neuropsychological assessment of preschool children is essential for early detection of delays and referral for intervention prior to school entry. This is especially pertinent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which are disproportionately impacted by micronutrient deficiencies and teratogenic exposures. The Grenada Learning and Memory Scale (GLAMS) was created for use in limited resource settings and includes a shopping list and face-name association test. Here, we present psychometric and normative data for the GLAMS in a Grenadian preschool sample. Typically developing children between 36 and 72 months of age, primarily English speaking, were recruited from public preschools in Grenada. Trained Early Childhood Assessors administered the GLAMS and NEPSY-II in schools, homes, and clinics. GLAMS score distributions, reliability, and convergent/divergent validity against NEPSY-II were evaluated. The sample consisted of 400 children (190 males, 210 females). GLAMS internal consistency, inter-rater agreement, and test-retest reliability were acceptable. Principal components analysis revealed two latent factors, aligned with expected verbal/visual memory constructs. A female advantage was observed in verbal memory. Moderate age effects were observed on list learning/recall and small age effects on face-name learning/recall. All GLAMS subtests were correlated with NEPSY-II Sentence Repetition, supporting convergent validity with a measure of verbal working memory. The GLAMS is a psychometrically sound measure of learning and memory in Grenadian preschool children. Further adaptation and scale-up to global LMICs are recommended.

Remembrance Subjectivities, Narrative Marks and Cultural Trauma in the Construction of Memory of FARC-EP Demobilized Combatants in the AETCR Pondores

In recent decades, memory studies in Colombia in relation to the internal armed conflict have become a point of reference for multidisciplinary work with collectives and communities, and are also an important topic on the state agenda. This article explores the remembering subjectivities, narrative marks and cultural trauma that emerge from the experiences and perspectives in a memory work Antiguo Espacio Territorial de Capacitación y Reincorporación (AETCR) de Pondores. In addition, the tensions involved in thinking about cultural trauma from subjects marked by the exercise of armed violence are analyzed. For this purpose, a narrative analysis is developed that integrates thematic recurrences, expression of the experience, features of orality and structure of the story. The methods used to carry out this study include a participatory approach and life stories of reincorporated persons and the surrounding community in the context of the AETCR. The study focuses on the ways in which memory expressed narratively conceives practices such as forgiveness and coexistence as possible experiences, through the experiences and thoughts of the AECTR community.

Blossoms Shanghai as a Carrier of Memory: The “Construction” and “Function” of Collective Memory

Blossoms Shanghai meticulously depicts Shanghai in the 1990s, illustrating the construction and function of collective memory, revealing how memory is activated and reproduced in media. The series not only recreates the lifestyle details and social changes in Shanghai post-reform and opening-up but also constructs the audience’s collective imagination of the past through specific narrative techniques and visual styles, merging individual memory with collective memory to form a widely shared social framework. This process introduces the concepts of “memory glimmer” and “prosthetic memory,” deepening the understanding of the interaction between individual and collective memory. These concepts show how the triggering of details and the recreation of historical contexts enhance emotional resonance and memory activation among viewers. Simultaneously, Blossoms Shanghai demonstrates the function of collective memory in maintaining social stability and integration, reinforcing social identity and cultural empathy among viewers by presenting shared cultural heritage and regional characteristics. This is crucial for understanding the role of collective memory in shaping social identity and cultural continuity.

The Music of Memory Gaston Bachelard on the Construction of Time and Memory

Gaston Bachelard's philosophical exploration challenges conventional assumptions regarding the relationship between time and memory. Departing from the common perception of time as a passive container for memories, Bachelard introduces an idea of the past that is predicated on a relational understanding of time. This paper will begin by contrasting Bachelard's relational view of time with Henri Bergson's substantivalist stance. Bachelard's metaphysical position on time provides the conceptual groundwork for his challenging of the fixity of past temporal experiences, and his redefining of duration as a rational construct. Finally, this paper will explore Bachelard’s concept of rhythmanalysis, or the process by which the individual is able to make sense of the different rhythms or frequencies of time. Bachelard does not define the past as a fixed temporal series of memories. Rather, memories and the past are fluid and continually open to interpretation by the individual. The relationship between time and memory, for Bachelard, is subsequently predicated on a constructive process which is characterized by the ability of the individual to reframe or reinterpret that process.

Ethical memory and cinema: Confronting the past in Fatih Akın’s The Cut

This article aims to discuss the ethical–political responsibility of constructing a memory of 1915 through Fatih Akın’s The Cut (2014). The film explores the Armenian Genocide, which Turkey’s official historiography denies, and sparked heated debates on its release in Turkey. Based on the claim that constructing a memory of genocide is an ethical–political issue, I argue that The Cut’s aesthetic of remembrance fails to lead to an ethical questioning of historical denial and it thus leaves 1915 in the past. In order to discuss the film’s failure to fulfill its ethical responsibility, I explore the following questions: What is the ethical responsibility of remembering the devastating past? What does The Cut’s way of remembering 1915 accomplish and fail to accomplish in terms of ethical memory? By examining the limitations and possibilities of cinema in memory construction, this study seeks to contribute to discussions on the aesthetic and ethical dimensions of memory studies.

Scene construction processes in the anterior hippocampus during temporal episodic memory retrieval.

Although the hippocampus has been implicated in both the temporal organization of memories and association of scene elements, some theoretical accountsposit that the role of the hippocampus in episodic memory is largely atemporal. In this study, we set out to explore this discrepancy by identifying hippocampal activity patterns related to scene construction while participants performed a temporal order memory task. Participants in the fMRI scanner were shown a sequence of photographs, each consisting of a central object and a contextual background scene. On each retrieval trial, participants were shown a pair of the original photographs (FULL), objects from the scenes without the background (OBJ), or background contexts without the main foreground object (BACK). In the temporal order judgment (TOJ) task, participants judged the temporal order of the pair of scenes; in the Viewing trials, two identical scenes were shown without any task. First, we found that the anterior hippocampus-particularly the CA1 and subiculum-showed similar patterns of activation between the BACK and OBJ conditions, suggesting that scene construction occurred spontaneously during both TOJ and Viewing. Furthermore, neural markers of scene construction in the anterior hippocampus did not apply to incorrect trials, showing that successful temporal memory retrieval was functionally linked to scene construction. In the cortex, time-processing areas, such as the supplementary motor area and the precuneus, and scene-processing areas, such as the parahippocampal cortex, were activated and functionally connected with the hippocampus. Together, these results support the view that the hippocampus is concurrently involved in scene construction and temporal organization of memory and propose a model of hippocampal episodic memory that takes both processes into account.

Application of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in Multi-Factor Quantitative Investment Models

This article first introduces the relevant concepts of quantitative investment and the development history of multi-factor theory as well as the advantages of machine learning in the field of quantitative investment. After that, this article mainly establishes the quantitative stock selection model. The establishment of quantitative stock selection models mainly includes two aspects: the screening of quantitative factors and the construction of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. The screening of quantitative factors includes data preprocessing and testing the validity of single factors through the Information Coefficient (IC) method. In the establishment of the stock selection model, this article first introduces the advantages of LSTM in time series prediction, then introduces the structure of the LSTM model in detail, and then introduces the use of selected quantitative factors and the LSTM model to build the stock selection model of this article. Finally, the stock selection model constructed in this article is backtested to verify the effectiveness of the model.

Describing Otherness in Captives’ Autobiographies in the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries

The essay explores the description of Otherness in the autobiographies of three former Christian captives from the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. In these texts, authors described their experiences in the Islamic societies where they were enslaved, offering insights into Islamic geography and culture. However, these descriptions were also influenced by prevailing ideas and the authors’ need to align their narratives with the hegemonic discourse, thereby perpetuating and crafting biased depictions of the Other. Understanding the motivations that guided the construction of memory in these autobiographies is crucial for a comprehensive grasp of their objectives. These objectives are closely intertwined with the authors’ experiences in Islamic societies and their aspirations for reintegration into Christian ones, where they produced their writings after escaping captivity.

Mediator Narration of Memory: US Presidents’ Autobiographies and the Narration of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, 1993–2012

The main argument of the paper is that we should examine mediator-narrative as an agency in narrative construction of memory during conflict. It demonstrates how despite the differences between the US presidents’ personal world views, their strategic narrations of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are strikingly similar. These selective narratives strengthen the image of the US as a peacemaker and benevolent global leader. This narration is achieved by sidelining the detrimental role of the Israeli settlements and security threats, especially the increasing influence of Hamas in the Gaza-Strip. Therefore, this resilient mediator-narrative prevents critical thinking on the conflict and encourages a duplication of such policies.

Intelligent toy tracking trajectory design based on mobile cloud terminal deployment and depth-first search algorithm.

The popularization of intelligent toys enriches the lives of the general public. To provide the public with a better toy experience, we propose the intelligent toy tracking method by the mobile cloud terminal deployment and depth-first search algorithm. Firstly, we construct a toy detection model via Transformer, which realizes the positioning of toys in the image through the refined region adaptive boundary representation. Then, using these detected continuous frames, we improve the toy tracking based on a depth-first search. Long-short-term memory (LSTM) constructs the continuous frame tracking structure, and the depth-first search mechanism is embedded to realize the accurate tracking of multiple targets in continuous frames. Finally, to realize the terminal marginalization of the proposed method, this chapter proposes a lightweight model deployment method based on mobile cloud terminals to realize the maintenance of the optimal machine state of intelligent toys. The experiment proves that our proposed target method can reach the world-leading level and obtain the mAP value of 0.858. Our tracking method can also perform excellently with a MOTA value of 0.916.

The Interplay between Citizen Activities and Space across Different Official Memorial Landscape Construction Phases: Disaster Risk Reduction in Ishinomaki, Japan

Memorial facilities are one of the crucial places where citizens conduct activities facilitating disaster risk reduction (DRR). However, previous studies have primarily focused on the post-construction phase of official memorial facilities, neglecting the citizen activities collaborating with the official memorial construction process before and during the construction process. This research gap is important considering the urgency of disaster-affected regions to recover from spatial, social, and psychological voids while working towards the goal of DRR, including the efforts of citizens in the official efforts. This study addresses this gap by examining the case of the official memorial park in Ishinomaki, Tohoku region, following the Great East Japan Earthquake. Here, local citizens actively participated in activities before, during, and after park construction, engaging with official efforts. Data were gathered from various online sources to capture activity, space, and management information. Employing a mixed methods research approach, we conducted both quantitative analysis, counting labels of structural coding, and qualitative description of original texts. Our findings reveal that fostering mutual respect built on communication and collaborative tree-planting activities were crucial for maintaining the pre-existing citizen activities and collaborative construction during the official construction period. Additionally, the implementation of a collaborative regulation system was vital for integrating and managing spontaneous citizen activities to achieve the park’s intended objectives post-opening. In conclusion, we highlighted a framework elucidating the mechanisms through which these processes contribute to DRR across key phases of disaster risk management: preparedness, prevention, response, and recovery (PPRR). These insights are important in guiding efforts to engage citizens in DRR initiatives through recovery and reconstruction facilitated by memorial facilities.

"KOSOVIZATION" OF SERBIAN MONUMENTAL CULTURE AND CREATION OF NEW IDENTITIES

Starting from the sociological understanding of culture as a set of determinants that channel social movements, the authors analyze the complex Kosovo-Metohija reality with a focus on material monumental heritage and its destruction with the aim of political revision of the past and falsification of Albanian identity. The vandalism of ethnic-religious instrumentalized Albanian groups is concealed by the construction of a media memory of collective memories, which aims at a manipulative strategy of gradually gaining the political support of world opinion. The analysis of characteristic case studies proved the destructiveness of the devastation of the monumental heritage for the Serbian identity, because without the symbolic bearers of the past, the national community that created also disappears. Demolished cemeteries, burned monasteries and churches, with expelled Serbs as bearers of symbolic meaning, opened up space for Albanian nationalists who, by "Kosovizing" Serbian cultural heritage, create their own identity, with the intention of showing that they have always lived in these areas. The theoretical framework is based on British cultural studies that use numerous forms of memorial culture to replace identity and change the culture of memory.

Remembering the good and bad and the self and others in a culturally modulated self-memory system

ABSTRACT Wang and Conway (2006, Autobiographical memory, self, and culture. In L.-G. Nilsson, & N. Ohta (Eds.), Memory and society: Psychological perspectives (pp. 9–27). Psychology Press) posit that remembering takes place in a culturally modulated self-memory system in which working self-goals are shaped by society and, in turn, influence the encoding and construction of memories in a culturally canonical fashion. The current research examined the self-goal of competence, which manifests through self-enhancement versus self-improvement motivations, in influencing remembering in different cultural contexts. We conducted two cross-cultural studies to examine memories for personal successes and failures (Study 1) and autobiographical and vicarious experiences (Study 2) in connection with individuals’ positive self-views. European Americans recalled a greater number of success than failure memories (Study 1) and US participants recalled a greater number of autobiographical than vicarious memories (Study 2), which was further associated with positive self-views at the individual level. In contrast, Asian (Study 1) and Chinese participants (Study 2) recalled even-handedly the different types of memories, and the memory retrieval was unrelated to individuals’ self-views. We discuss the findings in light of the different manifestations of the competence goal in shaping memory in the culturally modulated self-memory system.

Metacognitive processes accompanying the first stages of autobiographical retrieval in the self-memory system

ABSTRACT According to Conway’s view, Autobiographical memory (AM) construction is accompanied by control processes. These processes range from filtering out relevant memories according to the current context, to generating or elaborating appropriate retrieval cues. These processes can be conceptualised as metacognition, the ability to control and monitor cognitive processes. Experimentally, little has been carried out to support the idea that metacognition is involved in AM. To assess this, we designed a task, the Feeling of Retrieval. Participants had to predict whether cue words would facilitate AM access (i.e., fluent access cues) or not (i.e., limited access cues) in a limited time (either 1 (Exp. 2) or 2 (Exp. 1) s). Later, they retrieved memories in response to both types of cues. Results show that cues judged as fluent access led to better AM generation, as illustrated by AM retrieval latency and a subjective measure of the ease with which the AMs were retrieved. These rapid predictions may rely on epistemic feelings and / or other mnemonic cues such as a partial retrieval of information. This metacognitive access to the earliest stages of AM retrieval illustrates the ability to monitor AM processes as proposed by Conway (2005).

REFLECTIONS IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION SCIENCE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF SOCIAL MEMORY IN DIGITAL NETWORKS

Researchers in the field of Information Science have made efforts to understand the processes of construction of social memory in the context of social networks, resulting in research with multiple perspectives and differentiated areas, which have great scientific and social relevance. Having said that, the objective was to analyze the frequency of the approach to the concept of social memory in digital networks and the issues related to this theme that are of interest to researchers in this science. This is an exploratory research of a qualitative and quantitative nature, using the content analysis technique as inspiration for the composition of the methodology, and, thus, for the creation of analysis categories so that it was possible to identify variations in terms used for the concepts “patrimony” and “memory”, and also making it possible to understand how these concepts have been debated by Information Science researchers. Studies were found that address different variations of the concepts of memory and patrimony in contemporary times and reflect on the informational phenomena that permeate the construction of social memory in digital media. The availability of information through the sharing of digital collections from libraries, museums, personal, public and institutional archives are constituents of digital heritage and emerge as channels for maintaining social memory and building knowledge. Faced with this, it explains the need to preserve digital heritage and improve content description mechanisms, implement metadata standards in the processes of describing and retrieving information in digital media. It also addresses the survey of ethical issues such as the social responsibility of citizens in the production and sharing of information on the web, much of which still needs to be discussed. Keywords: memory; social memory; patrimony; social networks.

Neurocognitive profiles are associated with subsequent brain integrity in a sample of Hispanics/Latinos: Findings from the SOL-INCA-MRI study (HCHS/SOL).

Cognitive profiles predict brain integrity up to 10 years later.We observed two-factor latent memory constructs and longitudinal invariance.These findings were observed in a Hispanic/Latino cohort.

Soviet war cemeteries in Poland as places of imperial memory and power. Three case studies

During winter of 1945, Soviet Red Army units, defeating the Wehrmacht on the pre-1939 territories of the Second Polish Republic, left behind many wartime graveyards. From early spring of 1945, the Soviet military command ordered the construction of monumental war memorials. In this article, I argue that material structures and spatial features of those cemeteries-mausoleums show and articulate a direct political aim behind their establishment — one of Soviet imperial policy towards Poland. By close examination of necropolies in three middle-sized or small Polish towns — Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Kalisz and Wolsztyn — I discuss their urban contexts, ideologically marked elements of form and spatial arrangements. This study offers a new approachto Soviet cemeteries in Poland, shedding light on their long-time usage as tools of imperial propaganda, related to the Great Patriotic War of the USSR.

Where is the Seeker Who Searches for Another? Decolonial Approaches to Digital Public History

Abstract This article delves into the role of public history within the context of suppressed and erased colonial pasts, underscoring the importance of individuals in actively shaping, uncovering, documenting and disseminating history. The period from the late 1940s–1960s marked a pivotal transition for the British Empire, as numerous colonies gained independence. This shift in sovereignty from colonial rule to sovereign nations unveiled deep apprehensions regarding the potential use of Britain’s historical actions and documents by newly independent governments. Operation Legacy was a clandestine initiative by British colonial authorities to destroy or hide records that could tarnish the British government’s image or compromise secret intelligence. The ethical ramifications of this operation, and its impact on the construction of memory and knowledge, remain a contentious issue for many in former colonies who are still striving to piece together their colonial history and seek justice for past wrongs. By highlighting the experience, methodologies and challenges of the Museum of British Colonialism collective, the article explores what a framework for decolonial public history may look like in a digital age. Decolonial public history requires negotiations that are continuously shaped by interrogating multiple sources, employing multiple mediums, engaging diverse audiences, and constantly reflecting and refining one’s own process and methodology. Inspired by Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s influential work Devil on the Cross, which portrays resistance to colonialism as a communal and interconnected endeavor, the article reflects on the character Wariinga’s query: “Where is the seeker who searches for another?” It concludes with thoughts on how digital public history can achieve decolonial significance and effectiveness, not merely through technological means, but by centering human connections and extensively building communities of practice across multiple frontiers.