Members Of Opposite Sex Research Articles

A test for the production of sexual pheromones by Daphnia magna (Crustacea: Cladocera)

SUMMARY. (1) Swarming in the Cladocera has often been associated with periods of sexual reproduction and this has led to the suggestion that members of opposite sex are attracted to one another. The most plausible mechanism by which this could occur is through the production of pheromones. The present experiments aimed to determine if Daphnia magna Straus produce such chemicals.(2) No evidence was found for the presence of sexual pheromones. The behaviour of both males and females was unaffected by the presence of sexually receptive animals of the opposite sex.(3) It is suggested that the cited relationship between sexual reproduction and swarming may be due to the fact that sexual reproduction occurs during periods of high population density. It is during such periods that swarming behaviour would be most apparent.

Ideology and personality: Aspects of identity formation in adolescents with strong attitudes toward sex-role equalitarianism

Middle-class adolescent boys and girls with strong attitudes for and against the sex-role ideology of the Women's Movement were administered a Q-sort to study two aspects believed to be related to identity formation: flexibility-rigidity and independence-dependence. A significant positive relationship was found, more strongly for independence than for flexibility and more strongly for girls than for boys. More favorable attitudes toward sex-role equalitarianism were associated with flexibility and independence. The strength of the associations varied with the nature of the Q-sort: ideal self, self as ideal member of opposite sex, and self as ideal to each parent.

Chants from Sagada Mountain Province, Philippines

M usical life in the Mountain Province,2 Philippines, is spread Sthroughout the year and is practiced in connection with rituals, ceremonies, work, and social functions (Beyer, 1913;Manuel, 1955;Vanoverbergh,3 1954). There are many kinds of chants for varying occasions, each of which is identified by a different melody-type. The functions of a song may consist of prayers for the dead, words of advice for the newly-wed, songs while building a new rice-field, flute music to serenade a girl friend, gong music for dances, and many other forms that change with the type of ceremony. The length of these chants varies in extremes, and thus while epics among the Ifugao last several nights there are also short tunes sung by boys when playing games or challenging each other to a fight. The song-debate is a popular form in which opponents exchange arguments in chants that may last several nights. The subject may be political in nature, or an enlivened discourse between elderly people or between members of opposite sexes about inheritance to be given by relatives to a newly-married couple. While the practice of music varies from region to region in this part of Luzon (Brooks, 1953; Gale, 1922; Moss and Kroeber, 1919; Schneider, 1951), there are musical traits held in common. Group responsorial singing is found throughout the Province, and is especially remarkable in Bontoc where massive singing by men and women in pulsating rhythm creates special effects that generate enthusiasm among the participants as well as among its hearers. In mono-linear singing the effects of force and power are attained by the volume of large numbers, intensity of singing, rhythm, and some peculiarities of language. Vocal ornaments--the use of slides, mordents, repeated pulsations of vowels, and a trembling voice--are also common to the whole Province, although one trait may be more prevalent in one town than in another. Pentatonic constructions with

The evolution and host‐relationships of the sucking lice of the Ferungulata

The evolution and host‐relationships of the sucking lice of the Ferungulata