High performance continuous phase change fibers are of great significance to promote the development and application of functional fibers. But, it is still a challenge to fabricate continuous phase change fibers with high phase transition enthalpy. Herein, a kind of continuous polyurethane phase change fibers (PUPCFs) was first reported which was prepared through melt spinning from the synthesized polyurethane phase change materials (PUPCMs). PUPCFs not only overcomes the leakage problem of phase change materials, but also exhibits high latent heat (110.54 J/g), superior mechanical properties (maximum strain, ∼141.83 %), outstanding fatigue resistance, and good thermal cycle stability. Furthermore, a phase change thermoregulation textile (PUPCT/PDMS) with high enthalpy, hydrophobicity and breathability can be obtained by weaving PUPCFs and then coating with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This work can provide a new idea for efficient and economical production of continuous phase change fibers and opens up opportunities for wearable thermal management textiles.