Melanosis Of Bladder Research Articles

Editorial Comment: Urinary Bladder Melanosis Diagnosed Simultaneously With Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Editorial Comment: Urinary Bladder Melanosis Diagnosed Simultaneously With Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Urinary Bladder Melanosis Diagnosed Simultaneously With Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Melanosis is a rare entity described as brown-black tissue pigmentation secondary to melanin deposition. Presented here is the third reported case of melanosis diagnosed simultaneously with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. This is only the sixth case associating melanosis with malignancy. The patient is a 78-year-old man who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms and on cystoscopy, was noted to have diffused brown-black bladder pigmentation. Initial pathology showed squamous cell carcinoma with melanosis present. The patient underwent robotic cystectomy with ileal conduit and on final pathology, had urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. A literature review was performed for both benign-associated and malignant-associated melanosis. The review elucidated that melanosis may herald malignancy in 16% of available reported cases, suggesting even a patient with benign melanosis should undergo surveillance.

INCIDENTAL BLADDER MELANOSIS WITH CHRONIC CYSTITIS

Abstract Introduction/Objective Melanosis is a black or brown discoloration due to melanin deposition in the skin or on the mucosa of body organs such as conjunctiva, lips, mouth, genitalia, colon, and rectum. For example, melanosis coli is associated with chronic laxative use. However, melanosis on the bladder mucosa is an extremely rare, incidental, and benign finding which is commonly associated with bladder cancer or melanoma. We report an unusual case of incidental bladder melanosis with chronic cystitis in a patient diagnosed with bladder cancer. Methods/Case Report A 77-year-old male current smoker presented for a follow-up of recurrent bladder cancer (high-grade T1 Transitional Cell Carcinoma, TCC) diagnosed in 2016 with currently no symptoms. His past medical history included high blood pressure, papillary thyroid carcinoma status post thyroid lobectomy, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. He had completed two cycles of treatment of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and BCG/Interferon for 6 weeks each. He had multiple transurethral bladder resections and biopsies in the past which revealed invasive high- grade papillary urothelial carcinoma, not invading muscularis propria. A recent computerized tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed diffuse bladder wall thickening and trabeculation along the dome and posterior urinary bladder. His lab workup including urinalysis, complete blood count, and chemistry were within normal limits. This time, the patient underwent urinary bladder midline and back wall cystoscopic biopsies and transurethral resection of the right lateral wall. The biopsies showed mild chronic cystitis with melanosis, however, the resection showed non- invasive high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion Bladder melanosis has been reported less than 25 times in the literature worldwide. The etiology of melanosis is still unknown. No specific symptoms or treatment guidelines have been established for bladder melanosis so far due to decreased number of cases reported and therefore, reduced follow-up surveillance. Nonetheless, the general behavior of bladder melanosis alone seems to be benign. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bladder melanosis with chronic cystitis. Further studies are required to establish the association of bladder melanosis with chronic cystitis and to probe its clinicopathologic course, and implications.

Urinary bladder melanosis with complete resolution case report

BackgroundMelanosis of the bladder is a rare condition characterized by multifocal, diffuse melanin pigmentation of the urothelial mucosa or lamina propria without any proliferation of melanocytes. Less than 25 cases have been reported so far of which only four patients had concurrent urothelial carcinoma.Case presentationWe are reporting a case of melanosis of the bladder in a 58-year-old female associated with pTaG1 transitional urothelial cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder who presented with symptoms of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). Cystoscopy and biopsy results confirmed benign melanosis.ConclusionOur case is unique because bladder melanosis associated low grade TCC with complete resolution of both conditions within one year.

Acquired childhood bladder melanosis

BackgroundBladder melanosis is rare. It has previously been described only in the fifth decade of life or beyond; it has not been described in childhood. Previous descriptions have generally been case reports, and so the natural history is poorly understood. Urinary symptoms present at the time of cystoscopy have frequently been attributed to bladder melanosis. A possible suggested aetiology is aberrant migration of melanocyte migration during embryogenesis.Case presentationWe present the first case of bladder melanosis in a child. He had been under our care since the age of 5 years with urinary incontinence and at that time, had undergone cystoscopy demonstrating normal bladder mucosa. A diagnosis of idiopathic detrusor overactivity with underactive voiding had been made. After other unsuccessful treatments, intravesical botulinum toxin was proposed. At the age of 13, repeat cystoscopy prior to botulinum toxin, demonstrated widespread pigmented areas in the bladder mucosa. Histology showed bladder melanosis. Our finding is important for several reasons. This is the first reported case of bladder melanosis to affect a child. The previous normal cystoscopy in our patient would refute the explanation that bladder melanosis is a congenital condition. Furthermore, the development of melanosis on the background of stable symptoms raises the possibility that the condition may be asymptomatic.ConclusionsThis unique finding of bladder melanosis in a child has provided further insight into this rare and poorly understood condition.

Bladder Melanosis

This case report describes a rare cystoscopic finding in an octogenarian, presenting initially with nonspecific lower urinary tract symptoms. Physical examination did not reveal any abnormal skin or mucoepidermoid pigmentation. Routine ultrasound identified cystic changes in the bladder prompting cystoscopic investigation. Flexible cystoscopy identified melanin deposits within the bladder mucosa, and biopsy subsequently confirmed a diagnosis of bladder melanosis. The authors of this report wish to add to the available literature on this extremely rare finding in the hope a more robust evidence base would allow a protocol to be established for follow-up. The ultrasound findings reported in this study have not been previously reported and may benefit future guidelines on diagnosis.

Melanosis of the Urinary Bladder – A Case Report and Review of the Literature

This is a rare case report of Melanosis of the urinary bladder and review of the literature around it. The case is a male patient with a history of visible haematuria who at cystoscopy revealedseveral small, evenly pigmented, flat, brown/black lesions, which on biopsy proved to be melanosis of the urinary bladder. Representative cystoscopy and histopathology images are included. Melanosis of the bladder is a distinct benign histopathological finding and is not a premalignant condition for malignant melanoma of the bladder. There is little evidence in the literature to guide its specific management.Review of literature searched through medline, pubmed and Cochrane library, using key words melanosis, urinary bladder, melanin, melanoma, melanuria and malignancy, form part of the discussion.

Do We Need Surveillance Urethro-Cystoscopy in Patients with Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction?

PurposeTo examine the value of surveillance urethro-cystoscopy in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in regard to the conflicting literature as it is generally agreed that patients with NLUTD are at increased risk for bladder cancer.Materials and MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, a consecutive series of 129 patients (50 females, 79 males, mean age 51, range 18–88) suffering from NLUTD for at least 5 years was prospectively investigated using urethro-cystoscopy and bladder washing cytology at a single university spinal cord injury (SCI) center.ResultsDue to suspicious urethro-cystoscopy and/or bladder washing cytology findings, 13 (10%) of 129 patients underwent transurethral resection of the bladder lesion and/or random bladder biopsies. Overall, 9 relevant histological findings were found in 5% (7/129) of our patients: bladder melanosis (n = 1), nephrogenic adenoma (n = 3), keratinizing squamous metaplasia (n = 1), intestinal metaplasia (n = 3), and muscle-invasive adenocarcinoma of the bladder (n = 1).ConclusionsUsing surveillance urethro-cystoscopy, we found relevant histological findings in 5% of our patients suffering from NLUTD for at least 5 years. Thus, surveillance urethro-cystoscopy might be warranted, although the ideal starting point and frequency remain to be determined in further prospective studies.

Urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma and melanosis of the bladder: a case report and review of the literature

Melanosis vesica is a rare condition and thought to be benign. We report the case of a 50-year-old man who presented with haematuria and was found to have a diffusely pigmented bladder on cystoscopy and high grade transitional cell carcinoma of his upper and lower renal tract. This required a laparoscopic nephroureterectomy and pathology confirmed a diagnosis of melanosis vesica. Melanosis vesica has only been associated with high grade transitional cell carcinoma in one previous case. We recommend that any patient presenting with bladder melanosis is monitored for the development of upper or lower urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma.

Urinary bladder melanosis: case report of a rare mucosal lesion

Urinary bladder melanosis: case report of a rare mucosal lesion

A Case of Bladder Melanosis Associated with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

A Case of Bladder Melanosis Associated with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

An Unusual and Rare Case of Urinary Bladder Melanosis

Journal of EndourologyVol. 24, No. 4 Imaging in EndourologyAn Unusual and Rare Case of Urinary Bladder MelanosisRobin Sen Gupta, Evelyn Seidl, and Frank OberpenningRobin Sen GuptaDepartment of Pathology, St. Agnes Hospital Bocholt, Bocholt, Germany.Search for more papers by this author, Evelyn SeidlDepartment of Urology, St. Agnes Hospital Bocholt, Bocholt, Germany.Search for more papers by this author, and Frank OberpenningDepartment of Urology, St. Agnes Hospital Bocholt, Bocholt, Germany.Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:28 Apr 2010https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2009.0603AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article"An Unusual and Rare Case of Urinary Bladder Melanosis." , 24(4), pp. 525–526FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByMelanosis of the Bladder: Possible Pathogenetic MechanismsCase Reports in Urology, Vol. 2022Lipofuscin pigmentation (so called “melanosis”) of the bladder31 May 2019 | Diagnostic Cytopathology, Vol. 45A case of benign vesica melanosis – four-year follow-up3 October 2013 | Journal of Clinical Urology, Vol. 7, No. 6Polyps and Other Nonneoplastic Benign Conditions9 July 2012Urinary bladder melanosis: case report of a rare mucosal lesionPathology, Vol. 43, No. 2A Case of Bladder Melanosis Associated with Recurrent Urinary Tract InfectionsUroToday International Journal, Vol. 04, No. 06 Volume 24Issue 4Apr 2010 InformationCopyright 2010, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Robin Sen Gupta, Evelyn Seidl, and Frank Oberpenning.An Unusual and Rare Case of Urinary Bladder Melanosis.Journal of Endourology.Apr 2010.525-526.http://doi.org/10.1089/end.2009.0603Published in Volume: 24 Issue 4: April 28, 2010Online Ahead of Print:March 10, 2010PDF download

High-Grade Transitional Cell Carcinoma and Melanosis of Urinary Bladder: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Melanosis of the urinary bladder is a rare entity. It is generally regarded as a benign condition, but it is sometimes associated with primary malignant melanoma of the urinary bladder. It has never been reported to be connected with transitional cell carcinoma. We present a case of a woman with melanosis of the bladder who a year later developed high grade transitional cell bladder carcinoma.

Melanose der Harnblase - Fallbericht mit Langzeitverlauf über 10 Jahre und Literaturübersicht

Extradermal melanotic lesions are found predominantly in the oral cavity, colon or conjunctiva, and by far less frequently in other organs. We report for the first time a case of solitary melanosis of the urinary bladder with a follow-up of more than 10 years. A 48-year old man presented with symptoms of frequency, urge incontinence, obstructive voiding symptoms and nocturia. On urethrocystoscopy under general anaesthesia, melanosis of the bladder with visibly reduced bladder capacity was diagnosed and confirmed on biopsy. The patient was treated for his micturation problems with alpha-blockers, intravesical electrostimulation and GAG-substitution therapy, without success. The chronic progression of bladder symptoms and shrinkage eventually led to cystoprostatectomy and bladder replacement by an orthotopic ileal neobladder, 10 years after primary diagnosis. The very low number of reported cases accounts for the lack of management guidelines for this disease. Symptomatic treatment as well as repeated cystoscopic monitoring are logical therapeutic recommendations. Since the development of malignant disease can only be ruled out microscopically, repeated biopsies or prophylactic cystectomy need to be considered.