Bladder Melanosis

Abstract

This case report describes a rare cystoscopic finding in an octogenarian, presenting initially with nonspecific lower urinary tract symptoms. Physical examination did not reveal any abnormal skin or mucoepidermoid pigmentation. Routine ultrasound identified cystic changes in the bladder prompting cystoscopic investigation. Flexible cystoscopy identified melanin deposits within the bladder mucosa, and biopsy subsequently confirmed a diagnosis of bladder melanosis. The authors of this report wish to add to the available literature on this extremely rare finding in the hope a more robust evidence base would allow a protocol to be established for follow-up. The ultrasound findings reported in this study have not been previously reported and may benefit future guidelines on diagnosis.