Melamine Sponge Research Articles

Stimuli‐Responsive Sponge for Imaging and Measuring Weak Compression Stresses

Imaging and measuring compression stresses secure a safe and healthy life. Compression stresses in kPa range are not easily detected by conventional mechanoresponsive materials because microscopic molecular motion of the chromophores is not induced by such weak stresses. Moreover, imaging of the stress distribution is not achieved so far. The present study shows a sponge device combining two stimuli-responsive materials, a capsule releasing interior liquid and color-changing polymer in responses to compression stress and chemical stimulus, respectively. The stimuli-responsive capsule is dispersed on a melamine sponge comprised of the fibers with coating the layered polydiacetylene (PDA). The application of weak compression stresses induces collapse of the capsules, outflow of the interior liquid, and subsequent irreversible color change of PDA. The cascading response in the sponge device colorimetrically enables imaging of the distribution and measuring the strength of the compression stresses in kPa range. Furthermore, the device demonstrates imaging and measuring unknown weak compression stresses applied by the irregular-shaped objects. A couple of clinical issues in surgical operation of intestine are studied using the stress-imaging sponge device. The device and its design strategy can be applied to stress imaging in a variety of fields.

Superhydrophobic/superoleophilic modified melamine sponge for oil/water separation

In this work, an environmentally friendly, superhydrophobic and durable modified melamine sponge was fabricated through a simple two-step dipping method. Through this strategy, the active carbon (AC) particles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were fixed on the melamine sponge skeleton with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) glue to form MS/rGO/AC/PDMS sponge, which has a multi-stage pore structure. Water contact angle (WCA) revealed that the as-prepared sponge possessed excellent water repellency up to 164°. Being applied in the field of oil/water separation, MS/rGO/AC/PDMS exhibited excellent oil-water selectivity, high oil sorption ability up to 120 g/g, and separation efficiency of over 99.85%. It is worth noting that under complex environments such as acid-base, fatigue and abrasion, the obtained sponge can maintain original properties, and the water contact angle exceeds 154°. In addition, it has good mechanical stability which can be reused and recovered continuously, making it a potential material for practical applications.

Efficient and stable monolithic microreactor with Ag/AgCl photocatalysts coated on polydopamine modified melamine sponge for photocatalytic water purification

The advantages of photocatalytic microreactors, including large specific surface area, rapid mass transfer, continuous flow operation capability and low safety hazards promote the application in the field of water purification., We propose a monolithic microreactor for depositing Ag/AgCl photocatalysts on the surface of the polydopamine(PDA) -modified melamine sponge(MS) backbone. The experimental results revealed that the monolithic microreactor enables to completely degrade methylene blue(MB) under visible light irradiation within 10 min and can photodegrade 250 L m−2 of MB per hour. Moreover, we confirmed that the lifetime of MS/PDA/Ag/AgCl can be extended by a simple in situ chemical recovery method, thus making the monolithic microreactor reusable for a long time. In conclusion, the prepared monolithic microreactor has high efficiency of photodegradation, high throughput and reusability, and displays broad application prospects in the field of photocatalytic water purification.

Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic porous materials using the water-based aza-Michael reaction for high-efficiency oil-water separation

Superhydrophobic porous materials are widely used in oil-water separation due to their water-blocking and oil-passing properties. However, the preparation of most superhydrophobic porous materials is generally energy-intensive and must be performed using organic solvents. In this study, we describe a straightforward and cost-effective strategy for fabricating superhydrophobic coatings on nanosized soil particle-modified stainless steel mesh (SSM). The coating is prepared via the aza-Michael reaction of stearyl acrylate and melamine-urea–formaldehyde (MUF) resin catalysed by methyl cyclodextrin in water. Superhydrophobic meshes with water contact angles (WCAs) exceeding 150° are obtained, exhibiting extraordinary water repellency. The superhydrophobic mesh also effectively prevents surface contamination, creating a self-cleaning surface that is both waterproof and dustproof. Most importantly, the superhydrophobic mesh presents excellent oil separation performance for oil-water mixtures of various compositions, maintaining extremely high separation efficiency (>98%) even after 80 cycles. Additionally, we successfully apply this strategy to the preparation of superhydrophobic melamine sponges with excellent oil adsorption capacity (17.6–44.2 g/g). This innovative study provides an effective strategy for designing biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces and is a promising development in the field of environmentally friendly oil-water separators.

Melamine sponge skeleton loaded organic conductors for mechanical sensors with high sensitivity and high resolution

In recent years, due to the development of flexible electronics, flexible sensors have been widely concerned and applied in intelligent robots, brain-computer interfaces, and wearable electronic devices. In this paper, we propose a low-cost and high-efficiency sensor component preparation method. The sensor component tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane/melamine sponge (TTMS) takes a melamine sponge as a flexible substrate. And the sponge is metallized with the tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TTF-TCNQ) which is an organic conducting molecule to construct a conductive pathway. The physical load approach is used to ensure the advantages of low cost and efficient manufacturing. TTMS can withstand 8000 compression cycles which exhibits its good mechanical stability. And 1000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry scanning proved it also had good electrical stability. TTMS can distinguish pressure changes of 100 Pa and respond quickly to pressure application and release. The TTMS can be assembled to form an array of sensors that can distinguish the position and intensity of pressure. Therefore, the excellent performance of the sensor is expected to promote the commercial application of the piezoresistive sensor.

Superwetting reduced graphene oxide/alginate hydrogel sponge with low evaporation enthalpy for highly efficient solar-driven water purification

Solar-driven interface evaporators have been widely used and studied in water purification due to their low energy consumption. However, it is still a challenge to improve the efficiency of the interface evaporator to break through the theoretical water vapor output value by designing the material structure and chemical properties. Herein, rGO/SA hydrogel sponge (RSHS) evaporator was prepared by in-situ deposition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel on melamine sponge (MS) skeletons through a simple and scalable dipping-baking-crosslinking technology. The increased number of conjugated π-bond of tannin acid (TA) reduced GO and the multiple reflections of light traps make the RSHS evaporator with excellent solar absorption of the whole solar spectrum. The porous structure of MS provided a platform for water pumping and steam overflowing. The salt concentration in RSHS is always kept at a low level due to the superhydrophilicity and interconnected pore structure of RSHS, thus avoiding salt crystallization on the evaporator surface. More importantly, the evaporation enthalpy of water in RSHS was reduced to 1094.85 J g−1 due to the existence of plentiful hydrophilic groups in the rGO/SA network, thus effectively accelerating the vapor generation. Under simulated solar irradiation (1000 W/m2), RSHS has a high evaporation rate of 3.13 kg m-2h−1 and an energy conversion efficiency of 91.54 %. This study puts forward a low-cost, scalable, simple, and effective strategy for fabricating high-performance hydrogel evaporators that will contribute to global goals for addressing freshwater and energy issues.

Polydopamine modified ZIF-L/sodium alginate composites as the highly efficient photothermal membrane for solar steam generation

Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) technology is considered to be one of the most promising approaches to alleviating the global shortage of clean water due to its high solar thermal conversion efficiency. However, achieving stable evaporation in high salinity solutions and preventing the occurrence of salt deposition phenomena remains a challenge. Here, an efficient and stable photothermal membrane-based evaporator has been developed, which consists of polydopamine (PDA) modified leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) implanted in sodium alginate (SA) membrane supported on a melamine sponge (S-ZIF-L/PDA sponge), providing more advantages for boosting the photothermal conversion performance and preventing salt deposition. This S-ZIF-L/PDA sponge displays an excellent light absorption (>95 %), and remarkable evaporation rate of 1.66 kg·m−2·h−1 with a solar-thermal efficiency of 91.06 % under 1.0 sun (1 kW·m−2) illumination. Benefiting from the super hydrophilic feature of the melamine sponge and the rejection properties of the SA membrane structure, the obtained sponge effectively prevents salt and contaminants from depositing on the surface. Particularly, the S-ZIF-L/PDA sponge achieves an evaporation efficiency of 86.17 % in 20 wt% NaCl solution, along with excellent resistance to salt deposition and marvelous stability in cycling tests. The salt ion concentration of the obtained fresh water is much lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard, and the organic removal rate exceeds 99 %. This work provides a competitive solution for high-salinity desalination and wastewater treatment.

Triple Stimuli-Responsive Flexible Shape Memory Foams with Super-Amphiphilicity.

Highly porous multi-responsive shape memory foams have unique advantages in designing 3D materials with lightweight for varied applications. Herein, a facile and efficient approach to fabricating a thermo-, electro-, and photo-responsive shape memory composite foam is demonstrated. A specific multi-step carbonization protocol is adopted for transforming commercial melamine sponge (MS) to highly porous carbon foam (CF) with robust elastic resilience, efficient electrothermal/photothermal conversions, and super-amphiphilicity. It is a novel proposal for CF to take the dual role of the elastic supporting framework and 3D energy conversion/transmission network without any functional fillers. The composite foam cPCL@CF incorporates the CF skeleton with in situ crosslinked polycaprolactone (PCL) layers, which exhibits high conductivity (≈140 S m-1 ) and excellent light absorption (≈97.7%) in the range of 250-2500nm. By triggering the crystalline transition of PCL, the composite foam displays sensitive electro- and photo-induced shape memory effect (SME) with outstanding shape fixation ratio (Rf ) and recovery ratio (Rr ). Thanks to the super-amphiphilicity and high electrical conductivity, the cPCL@CF composite foam can give rapid and distinguishable electric signals upon tiny drips of salt solutions or lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrolytes, making it a new type of sensor for detecting electrolyte leakage.

In-situ synthesis of graphene-based polymer and metal carbonate ternary composite for selective separation of dyes from their mixture

Developing quick and effective techniques for the selective removal of organic pollutants from waste streams remains a challenge in environmental research. This study prepared a novel PPy@rGO/CaCO3 (PRC) composite by functionalizing graphene, calcium carbonate and pyrrole using a facile one-pot fabrication method, avoiding tedious multistep reactions. The prepared PRC composite was coated onto the surface of silica (PRC@silica) and melamine sponge (PRC@sponge) to effectively remove organic pollutants. The as-synthesized PRC@sponge and PRC@silica were used for removing methylene blue (MB), brilliant green (BG) dyes. As-prepared PRC@silica and PRC@sponge adsorbed 99.5% and 99.4% of MB in 25 min. The results showed that the as-prepared PRC materials exhibited high dye adsorption capacity compared with only CaCO3, PPy and rGO because they provided more interaction sites. PRC demonstrated remarkable selectivity for the adsorption of cationic dye (BG) from a mixture with anionic dye [acid orange II (AO II)] with excellent adsorption efficiency up to 94.79%. Thus, the prepared adsorbent exhibited selectivity for the removal of cationic dyes MB and BG. PRC@silica and PRC@sponge sustained up to 10 consecutive cycles without losing their adsorption efficiencies (85.7% and 85.43%, respectively). The adsorption process followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic model with R2 value of 0.996 and 1, respectively. The finding of this study provides a new insight for the mass production of synthesized PRC composites for different applications in sustainable chemistry, including the selective purification of organic pollutants from waste streams.

Carbon dots efficiently enhance photothermal conversion and storage of organic phase change materials through interfacial interaction

Polymer phase change materials (PCMs) often suffer from the attenuation of thermal storage capacities and the shrinkage of storage duration after adding conventional high heat conduction matters, resulting in low efficiency of heat storage and utilization. Here we report a novel strategy in which carbon dots (CDs) evenly distributed into polyethylene glycol (PEG) act as local self-heating agents to shorten thermal transfer distances. As a result, CDs enhance the phase change enthalpies of PEG-related PCMs by their interface interaction, resulting in 13.7% higher than the theoretical value. Moreover, the hybrids of CDs and PEG are impregnated into the melamine sponge modified with CDs and polydimethylsiloxane through vacuum induced infiltration technique to prevent the liquid leakage. The obtained composite shows the long heat storage duration and achieves 82.57% of solar-to-thermal storage efficiency as well as 92.27% of the heat release efficiency. In particular, its outstanding hydrophobicity and stability in shape and heating–cooling cycles allows it to practically apply in solar-thermal energy conversion and storage.

Preparation of hydrophobic stearic acid-modified Fe3O4/graphite oxide/melamine sponge for oil-water separation

A fluorine-free strategy was developed for the hydrophobic modification of the melamine (MA) sponge, in which both the stearic acid-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SA-Fe3O4) and the graphite oxide were immobilized on the MA sponge with the use of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane by a drop-coating method to prepare the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge for oil-water separation. The structure of the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge was investigated by FITR, WAXD, SEM, two-dimensional EDS mapping, TGA, and VSM. The contact angles of the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge prepared with different amounts of SA-Fe3O4 and GO were in the range of 140.2° − 145.0°, which confirmed the successful hydrophobic surface modification for the MA sponge. The demonstrations exhibited that the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge could separate the oil from the oil-water mixture by both direct absorption and gravity-driven filtration. Additionally, the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge possessed not only high absorption capacities for peanut oil, n-hexane, soybean oil, and diesel oil, but also good abilities of being able to recollect magnetically and reuse. The proposed preparation strategy and overall performance of SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge were promising for the oil-water separation in the future.

3D flexible superhydrophobic polyphosphazene coated melamine sponge for oil–water separation

The oil spill is still a great challenge, or even a disaster, for the ecological and environmental protection, especially over the offshore area. Here we reported a surface modification of sponge with Poly[cyclotriphosphazene-co-bisphenol AF] (PZAF), which is synthesized simply by one-step mixing of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP), bisphenol AF (BPAF), triethylamine precursors, for the efficient removal of oil from water at room temperature. Beause of the coverage of hydrophobic polymer on the surface, the modified sponge (i.e., Sponge@PZAF) has a high water contact angle (WCA) of 153° and a high adsorption capacity of 71.04–135.19 g g−1 for various oils and organic solvents within 30 s. The fine three-dimensional mesh structure of the sponge contributes to oil adsorption, which allows the oil to fill the entire chamber efficiently and quickly. After oil adsorption–desorption recyclings for ten times, the adsorption capacity of the used Sponge@PZAF is still as high as 69.76–132.44 g g−1, which indicates the good recyclability of the sponge. The Sponge@PZAF exhibits underlyingly industrial potential in the field of purificating oil-containing water such as offshore oil spill, wastewater from oil and steel industries.

Development of the ultra-weak chemiluminescence method based on luminol reaction for use in the detection of ultra-trace levels of blood.

In this study, we focused on ultra-weak chemiluminescence (uwCL) measurements and aimed to develop a blood detection method at trace levels, that are difficult to observe using a conventional luminol reaction method (visual observation). Furthermore, we investigated sampling methods that could detect trace bloodstains from the field in our laboratory settings. To achieve these highly sensitive detection levels in the uwCL measurements, the optimal measurement conditions were established as follows: the luminol reaction solution chosen was a mixture of 6.0 × 10-3% luminol/1.5 × 10-2% sodium hydroxide solution and 1.5 × 10-2% hydrogen peroxide water (6:1); the temperature in the sample chamber was set to 20°C; the sample chamber was filled with an oxygen displacement atmosphere; the sample chamber was filled with 3mL of 0.01% sodium hydroxide solution prior to the experiment, and the measurement wavelength was set to 460nm. Using the developed method, blood diluted to 12.5 million-fold (8.0ng equivalent of the absolute weight of whole blood) was detectable, and high linearity (r = 0.9986) between uwCL intensity and whole blood equivalent was observed in the range of 8.0-100ng. In contrast, the detection limit of the conventional method was 1.0µg of the whole blood equivalent. Thus, the uwCL method was approximately 125 times more sensitive than the conventional method. In addition, we demonstrated that the sampling method of wiping with a melamine sponge soaked in a 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution is effective for sampling evidence materials at an appraisal site suspected of having traces of adhered blood.

Hydrophobic melamine sponge prepared by direct fluorination for efficient separation of emulsions

Hydrophobic polymer sponges have recently attracted attention as promising absorbents for oil–water separation due to their excellent absorption ability and high selectivity. Many hydrophobic modification methods have been reported for sponges, but rapid and easy methods applicable on a large scale still requires a lot of research. In this study, direct fluorination was used to make the surface of an amphiphilic melamine sponge (MS) hydrophobic. Fluorine functional groups were effectively introduced on the surface of the melamine sponge (MS) while maintaining the three-dimensional structure, and this was accomplished with a low fluorine partial pressure ratio (F2:N2 = 0.5:9.5). Fluorinated MS (F-MS) showed an oil absorption capacity of 79 to 180 times its own weight for various oil/organic solvents and maintained 97.8 % of the original adsorption capacity after 30 cycles of immersion-squeezing-heating. More importantly, F-MS showed a 95 % higher water rejection coefficient for surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions, and still showed an excellent separation efficiency after 14 days. Since F-MS, which was hydrophobically modified with direct fluorination, has excellent oil/water separation capacity, recyclability, and long-term stability, it is a very promising absorbent for separation purification in industrial applications.

Deformable thermoelectric sponge based on layer-by-layer self-assembled transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets for powering electronic skin

In this study, we fabricated mechanically deformable thermoelectric sponges comprising transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) through a layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique for a thermoelectric power supply for electronic skin. Chemically exfoliated molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) and niobium diselenide (NbSe2) were prepared as p- and n-type room-temperature thermoelectric materials, respectively, and deposited on a melamine sponge via electrostatic bonding with PEI to obtain stable mechanical stretchability and low thermal conductivity. Five bilayers of LBL self-assembled thermoelectric sponges exhibited an enhanced thermoelectric performance and figure of merit, which resulted from the improvement in the Seebeck coefficient compared with that of pristine chemically exfoliated TMDs owing to the energy filtering effect and the extremely low thermal conductivity owing to the phonon scattering effect at several created interfaces and the porous structure of the sponge. Additionally, the thermoelectric sponges showed mechanical stability during operation under stretching and compression and mechanical durability over 10,000 cycles under 30% tensile strain. Finally, based on the proposed thermoelectric sponge, a power patch that can be installed on the back of a hand to produce electrical energy in real time was successfully demonstrated.

Three-dimensional boron nitride network/polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel with solid-liquid interpenetrating heat conduction network for thermal management

• Solid-liquid interpenetrating heat conduction network. • Heat conduction and storage function. • Efficient thermal management materials. Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels have been used in wearable devices due to their good flexibility and biocompatibility. However, due to the low thermal conductivity ( κ ) of pure hydrogel, its further application in high power devices is limited. To solve this problem, melamine sponge (MS) was used as the skeleton to wrap boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) through repeated layering assembly, successfully preparing a three-dimensional (3D) boron nitride network (BNNS@MS), and PVA hydrogels were formed in the pores of the network. Due to the existence of the continuous phonon conduction network, the BNNS@MS/PVA exhibited an improved κ . When the content of BNNS is about 6 wt.%, κ of the hydrogel was increased to 1.12 W m −1 K −1 , about two times higher than that of pure hydrogel. The solid heat conduction network and liquid convection network cooperate to achieve good thermal management ability. Combined with its high specific heat capacity, the composites have an important application prospect in the field of wearable flexible electronic thermal management.

Two-Dimensional Selenium Nanosheet-Based Sponges with Superior Hydrophobicity and Excellent Photothermal Performance.

Photothermally assisted superhydrophobic materials play an important role in a variety of applications, such as oil purification, waste oil collection, and solar desalination, due to their facile fabrication, low-cost, flexibility, and tunable thermal conversion. However, the current widely used superhydrophobic sponges with photothermal properties are usually impaired by a high loading content of photothermal agents (e.g., gold or silver nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes), low photothermal efficiency, and require harmful processes for modification. Here, a one-pot, simple composite consisting of two-dimensional (2D) selenium (Se) nanosheets (NSs) and commercially used melamine sponge (MS) is rationally designed and successfully fabricated by a facile dip-coating method via physical adsorption between 2D Se NSs and MS. The loading content of 2D Se NSs on the skeleton of the MS can be well controlled by dipping cycle. The results demonstrate that after the modification of 2D Se NSs on the MS, the wettability transition from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity can be easily achieved, even at a very low loading of 2D Se NSs, and the highly stable photothermal conversion of the as-fabricated composites can be realized with a maximum temperature of 111 ± 3.2 °C due to the excellent photothermal effect of 2D Se NSs. It is anticipated that this composite will afford new design strategies for multifunctional porous structures for versatile applications, such as high-performance solar desalination and photothermal sterilization.

Durable superhydrophobic sponge for all-weather cleanup of viscous crude oil by electrothermal and photothermal effects

Creating innovative absorbent materials with a rapid absorption rate and high absorption efficiency for viscous crude oils continues to be a global problem. Hydrophobic/oleophilic porous sorbents with light-to-heat or electric-to-heat capabilities are attractive options for crude oil clean-up, but their complicated preparation processes, poor stability, and variable weather restrict their practical usage. Herein, the light-absorbing and electrical polypyrrole and Fe3O4 are introduced to endow the melamine sponge with excellent photothermal and electrothermal properties, while the polydimethylsiloxane is coated on the surface of the sponge to make it durable, compressible, and superhydrophobic. Thanks to the superior photo/electro-heat conversion capability, the temperature of the as-prepared sponge′s surface may reach 95.9 °C under solar light with 1 kW m−2 intensity or 101.4 °C under a voltage of 11 V, making it adaptable to reduce the crude oil’s viscosity and absorb it in all weather. In addition, when the sponge is exposed to sunlight and voltage at the same time, its crude oil absorption velocity is dramatically improved and is about 107 times greater than that of an unheated sponge. Based on the eco-friendly preparation method and excellent crude oil absorption performance, this work provides a promising absorbent for the recycling of spilled crude oil.

Conducting polypyrrole silicotungstate deposited on macroporous melamine sponge for electromagnetic interference shielding

Macroporous melamine/formaldehyde sponge was coated in situ during the oxidation of pyrrole with iron(III) chloride hexahydrate in aqueous medium. The reaction mixture contained a heteropolyacid, silicotungstic acid, which protonated polypyrrole. Polypyrrole/silicotungstate deposits were prepared either in globular form or as nanotubes. The resulting hybrid composites thus combine an organic conducting polymer with inorganic component known, e.g., for its proton conductivity and electrocatalytic activity. The specific surface area of all materials was of the order of tens m2g−1. The molecular structure is discussed on the basis of FTIR and Raman spectra. The resistivity of the sponges was recorded as a function of compression to 10 MPa and it decreased from the order of 10 Ω cm to 0.1 Ω cm. The sponges were tested in electromagnetic interference shielding and absorbed over 80% of 9 GHz radiation frequency. The shielding is based mainly on the radiation absorption efficiency, −8.2 dB for globular polypyrrole and −13.1 dB for nanotubes, afforded by silicotungstic component. Hybrid composite sponges were subsequently carbonized at 650 °C in inert atmosphere when they converted to a sponge-like macroporous carbons enriched with nitrogen atoms. Their resistivity increased by two orders of magnitude after this process. The absorption of electromagnetic radiation, however, fell below 10%. Original and carbonized hybrid sponges may be of interest in the construction of macroporous electrodes.

Novel Magnetically Driven Superhydrophobic Sponges Coated with Asphaltene/Kaolin Nanoparticles for Effective Oil Spill Cleanup.

Fast and effective cleanup of oil spills remains a global challenge. A modified commercial sponge with superhydrophobicity, strong absorption capacity, outstanding magnetic response, and fire resistance were fabricated by a facile and inexpensive route of dip-coated melamine sponge carbonization. The low-cost petroleum asphaltene and kaolin nanoparticles were used as the dip-coating reagent. High absorption capacity of the fabricated sponges allowed rapid and continuous removal of oil contaminants. Taking advantage of the good refractory property, the sponges can be used in burning conditions and directly reused after burning out of the absorbed oil. Reusability tests showed that the modified sponges still maintained high absorption capacity (>85%) after six regeneration and reuse cycles. These characteristics make the fabricated sponge a promising aid to promote effective in situ burning cleanup of oil spills, contributing as a magnetic oil collector and a fire-resistant flexible boom. An example usage scenario of the sponges applied to in situ burning cleanup of oil spills is described.