Medium Vulnerability Research Articles

Hydrogeological Risk Assessment for Groundwater Conservation in the Northeastern Slope Area of Mount Arjuno, Pasuruan Regency, East Java, Indonesia

The northeastern slope of Mount Arjuno, Pasuruan district, East Java province, Indonesia represents a vast and good groundwater resource quality, generally be exploited by some companies for drinking water industries. Water unbalance and quality degradation is presumed to arise because groundwater extraction volume is getting bigger but less control by the regency authority. This study is to figure out the geologic condition and hydrogeological system, conduct groundwater exploitation risk assessment, and develop a conservation program. The study results show that the study area's geomorphological units can be divided into the volcanic summit, volcanic slope, fluvial plain, and anticlinal hills. The lithology comprises sandstone, breccia, and andesite lava of Mount Arjuno and Mount Welirang. The geological structures are anticline, normal fault, and lateral slip fault. Hydrologically, there are three watersheds, including Lumbangrejo, Ketanireng, and Prigen watersheds. The aquifers comprise unconfined to semi-confined aquifers with fissures and intergranular porosity. Based on risk assessment valuation, Pecalukan village of the Ketanireng watershed and Lumbangrejo village of the Lumbangrejo watershed are categorized as very high groundwater vulnerability zones, Karangrejo and Sukoreno villages of the Lumbangrejo watershed, Kedungringin, Kepulungan, and Gunungsari villages of the Ketanireng watershed are categorized as medium vulnerability zone. While, Ngorong village of the Lumbangrejo watershed, Gempeng, Oro-Ombo, Kalisat, and Dukuhsari villages of the Prigen watershed belong to the low vulnerability zone. The proposed conservation programs involve profitable water use safety campaigns, domestic waste, and industrial wastewater management, agricultural activities controlling, sandstone mining regulation, and reforestation.

Vulnerability of Road Pavements to Climate Change in Abia and Imo States of Nigeria

Around the world today, road pavement is increasingly vulnerable and Southeast Nigeria is no exception. To this end, the Delphi technique is used in this study to ascertain experts opinions in order to identify and prioritize road pavements vulnerable to climate change in Abia and Imo states of Southeast Nigeria. As a measure of stability, standard deviation of two rounds of questionnaire responses was used to assess the level of convergence of opinions of 10-member Delphi panel. The Delphi panel achieved acceptable level of agreement at threshold values of standard deviation = 0.10 for stability and mean = 0.20 for consensus. Out of 14 federal roads considered in the study, 1 road had high vulnerability status, 5 roads had medium vulnerability status, 5 roads were rated low vulnerability and 2 roads were rated very low vulnerability. The only highly vulnerable road is from Abia state. This study has shown that the vulnerability of road pavements to climate change can be assessed comprehensively using collective and subjective judgement in the form of Delphi technique. Government should therefore apply adaptive maintenance plans that reflect the relative vulnerability rating of these roads.

COASTAL VULNERABILITY MAPPING OF KALIANDA COAST, SOUTH LAMPUNG, USING COASTAL VULNERABILITY INDEX (CVI) METHOD

The coastal region is a strategic area that has enormous potential. Kalianda is one of the coastal areas in South Lampung which has great potential with the main activities are fisheries and marine tourism, but it is also vulnerable to physical effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the vulnerability of physical parameters and to analyze the level of Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) in Kalianda, South Lampung. The results showed that the vulnerability level of the Kalianda Coast based on the rate of shoreline change and geomorphological parameters were at a very high level of vulnerability. Whereas based on the parameters of the mean significant wave height, the average tidal tides and beach slope, the Kalianda Coast was at a low level of vulnerability. Overall, the results of the analysis indicated that CVI value ranged from 3.10 to 9.94, which categorized as low and medium vulnerability levels. Distribution of Kalianda coastal vulnerability level along 3.30 km (11.29%) was at low vulnerability level and along 25.98 km (88.71%) was categorized as medium vulnerability level.

GIS Based Forest Fire Vulnerability Assessment and its Validation using field and MODIS Data: A Case Study of Bhaderwah Forest Division, Jammu and Kashmir (India)

The present study assesses the forest fire vulnerability of the Bhaderwah forest division in the UT of Jammu and Kashmir. The vibrant green forests of the Bhaderwah forest division play an essential role in preventing soil erosion, maintaining the ecological balance and serves as habitat for wildlife. In efforts to nurture the rich biodiversity, it is essential to manage this forest division using modern scientific technology for fire protection. The present study makes the use of MODIS fire data related to the field point data of forest fires in a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) framework to assess the fire vulnerability of Bhaderwah Forest Division using Geographical Information System (GIS). In the present study, land use, vegetation, topographical parameters, and human influence parameters are used as inputs to the multi-criteria analysis for dividing the study area based on sensitivity to forest fires. The outcome from the present study reports that out of the total 342 compartments of Bhaderwah Forest Division, 187 compartmentsfall in high vulnerability zone, 123 compartmentsfall in medium vulnerability zone, whereas only 32 compartments fall in low vulnerability zone. The present study can be constructive in formulating better strategies to combat forest fires in the area.

Vulnerability assessment of Lake Malawi’s ornamental fish resources to export ornamental trade

Productivity Sustainability Analysis (PSA) was used to assess the vulnerability of 103 most targeted ornamental fish species of Lake Malawi to fishing for the export trade. The PSA was based on five productivity and four susceptibility attributes that are relevant to the ornamental fishes of Lake Malawi, and for which information was readily available from the scientific literature. The vulnerability scores ranged from 1.78 to 3.84 with a mean value of 2.49. Seven species (Aulonocara sp ‘walteri’, Lethrinops sp ‘red cap’, Aulonocara baenschi, Copadichromis azureus, Melanochromis chipokae, Placidochromis phenochilus and Protomelas sp ‘mbenji thick lips’) were classified in the high-vulnerability category with vulnerability scores ranging from 3.18 to 3.84. Twenty-five species were within the medium vulnerability category with scores between 2.64 and 2.96 while 71 species ranked as of low vulnerability scores ranging between 1.78 and 2.63. The vulnerability scores were positively correlated with IUCN conservation status (τb = 0.286, p = 0.001). Susceptibility scores had a stronger correlation with the IUCN risk assessment criteria (τb = 0.390, p < 0.001) compared to the productivity scores (τb = -0.023, p = 0.805). In addition, the susceptibility scores contributed more to the vulnerability scores for species ranked to be of high-vulnerability, which provides a potential scope for management interventions. The findings validate the use of the PSA for assessing freshwater ornamental fish species. Use of the PSA approach has an added advantage of being applicable for undescribed species which are difficult to assess using other vulnerability assessment approaches. The potential for promoting the export of low-vulnerability ornamental fish species; while prioritizing conservation of high-vulnerability species is evident, coupled with quantitative research to inform the development of precautionary management measures.

A New Model to Evaluate Groundwater Vulnerability that Uses a Hybrid AHP-GIS Approach

ABSTRACT Parameters like aquifer depth, aquifer replenishment rate, aquifer medium, soil medium, percolation medium, and the coefficient of permeability are considered during the preparation of a groundwater vulnerability diagram. The analytic hierarchy process is used for evaluation, and expert scoring is used to analyze and establish the judgment matrix, and then new weights have been computed for each DRASTIC parameter, such that some subjectivity can be reduced to some extent and the weight value tends to be reasonable. Various spatially referenced digital data layers are overlaid to analyse with the partition diagram in GIS spatial analysis and a comprehensive simple and straight diagram is drawn. The study area is a plain of Naiman Banner, Inner Mongolia China, and covers an area of approximately 10,700km2. The areas of lower vulnerability are mainly located in the south. Slightly higher vulnerability areas are mainly located in the north, and the others have medium vulnerability.

Flood risk modeling in the watershed of Charâa stream, Province of Berkane (North-Eastern Morocco)

The knowledge on floods in Morocco is sporadic and scattered between historical writings and natural events following each other in time and space. In this context, the identification of areas likely to be affected by floods is essential for better management of this risk. The present study aims to model the floods at the level of the two sides of the Charâa stream (the side of Berkane and Sidi Slimane Charâ). The methodology followed in this modeling consists of determining the geomorphology of the watershed and studying its hydrology. 2D hydraulic modeling by Iber software makes it possible to follow the Spatio-temporal evolution of the characteristics of a flood. In addition, it allows us to map the hazard. Furthermore, to assess vulnerability to flooding, we referred to land use (physical vulnerability) to study the behavior of runoff water in the face of socioeconomic issues such as buildings, facilities, and the road network. The results showed that: (1) - A predominance of high-intensity flood hazard in the floodplain; (2) - Land with medium and high vulnerability successively constitutes 46.50% and 31.10% of the total studied watershed area.

Spatial drivers of COVID-19 vulnerability in Nigeria.

Introductionthe spread and diffusion of COVID-19 undoubtedly shows strong spatial connotations and alignment with the physical indices of civilization and globalization. Several spatial risk factors have possible influence on its dispersal trajectory. Understanding their influence is critical for mobilization, sensitization and managing non-pharmaceutical interventions at the appropriate spatial-administrative units.Methodson 01 April 2020, we constructed a rapid spatial diagnostics and generated vulnerability map for COVID-19 infection spread at state level using 12 core spatial drivers. The risk factors used include established COVID-19 cases (as at 01 April 2020), population, proximity to the airports, inter-state road traffic, intra-state road traffic, intra city traffic, international road traffic, possible influx of elites from abroad, preponderance of high risk political elite, likelihood of religious gathering, likelihood of other social gatherings, and proximity to existing COVID-19 test centers. These were also tested as predictors of COVID-19 spread using multiple regression analysis.Resultsthe results show that 6 States - Lagos, Kano, Katsina, Kaduna, Oyo and Rivers - and the Federal Capital Territory have very high vulnerability, 17 states have high vulnerability and 13 states have medium vulnerability to COVID-19 transmission. Several drivers show a strong association with COVID-19 with the coefficient of correlation ranging from 0.983 - 0.995. The regression analysis indicates that between 96.6 and 99.0 percent of the total variation in the COVID-19 infections across Nigeria can be explained by the predictors.Conclusionthe spatial pattern of infection across the states are substantially consistent with the predicted pattern of vulnerability.

GROUNDWATER VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT USING DRASTIC MODEL OF UP AL-KHASSA DAM SUB-BASIN, KIRKUK, NE IRAQ

Several studies and assessments have been conducted of areas exposed to pollution, especially areas that contain aquifer. The final extraction of the vulnerability map of the groundwater was constructed through the use of the DRASTIC method by applying the linear equation of the seven coefficients in the Arc GIS software program (Version 10.4). The aim of the study to assess aquifer vulnerability to pollution. Results, vulnerability map range between 75-126 (very low, low, and medium), the study area consists of very low and low vulnerability, except some areas medium vulnerability close to the center of the sub-basin in the standard vulnerability map (s) and 91-149 (very low, low, and medium) for the agriculture or pesticide vulnerability map (p), the medium vulnerability occupies a greater area the center of the sub-basin.

Earth Observation Technique-Based Coastal Vulnerability Assessment of Northern Odisha, East Coast of India

The coastal zones of northern Odisha coast, western Bay of Bengal, are highly exposed to natural forcing. These regions are vulnerable due to natural hazards such as cyclones, tsunamis, floods, shoreline/beach erosion and sea-level rise. Further, the increased intensity and density of the extreme events in the recent decades have contributed more to the coastal vulnerability, thereby causing floods and inundation. Therefore, there is a need of sustainable use of the coastal zone with proper management practices. In this context, coastal vulnerability index (CVI) has been proved as an effective method for assigning the vulnerability status to any coastal zone. The present research work aims to develop a CVI by integrating risk values of nine input variables and to segment them into low, moderate, high and very high vulnerability categories as per their degree of vulnerability. The study area exhibits a long 273.8 km coastal tract, and about 9.6% of the coastal tract is under very high vulnerability category, followed by 29.7% under high vulnerability, 46.3% under medium vulnerability and rest 14.3% under low vulnerability.

Evaluation system of coastal wetland ecological vulnerability under the synergetic influence of land and sea: A case study in the Yellow River Delta, China

A comprehensive evaluation system and model of Coastal Wetland Ecological Vulnerability (CWEV) was constructed and applied to reveal spatial heterogeneity of the ecological vulnerability of the Yellow River Delta Wetland (YRDW). The results showed that the score of the ecological vulnerability (EVS) of the YRDW was 0.49, which was generally at a medium vulnerability level. The wetland area of high vulnerability was up to 943km2, accounting for 35.2% of the total area, followed by the medium vulnerable area with an area of 750km2, accounting for 28.1% of the total area. From the coastline perpendicularly to the land, the “seaward” gradient effect gradually decreased, the vulnerability-increasing “hydrologic connectivity” effect increased with the distance from the river channel, and the “land source influence” effect gradually decayed along with the vulnerability of population and economy gathering areas.

A GIS-BASED DRASTIC MODEL: THE BOUMAIZA PLAIN (NORTH-EAST ALGERIA)

The plain of Boumaiza is located in the north east of Algeria in the wilaya of Skikda. This region is characterized by agricultural activity and is subject to a mediterranean climate. This agricultural development is liable to contaminate the groundwater heavily loaded by the local population for its drinking water needs. In order to highlight the state of vulnerability to groundwater pollution of the captive aquifer, which is composed of sands and gravels and pebbles, it is based on a marly substratum, GIS-based DRASTIC Index method has been applied in the aquifer of Boumaiza Plain. This method is presented in the form of numerical rating systems based on consideration of the different factors influencing the hydrogeological system, where a note and a weight are affected and varying with each parameter used. This method is based in the parameters like depth to the groundwater, net recharge, Aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity. The results show that the study area is characterized by a low and medium vulnerability to pollution.

Assessment of spatiotemporal patterns of social vulnerability: A tool to resilient urban development Alexandria, Egypt

In today's world, most cities face physical threats posed by climate change. These threats create environmental hazards, along with urban problems resulting from rapid urbanization and fast growth of cities. Unplanned urbanization causes the formulation of marginalized urban communities. According to a Un-Habitat report (2014), those groups are most vulnerable and most likely to suffer from disasters. The vulnerability of such population is an alarming problem with major social, environmental, and economic consequences. This issue has received significant consideration in climate change and disaster management research. The social vulnerability of communities is attributable to multiple indicators such as high levels of poverty, inequality, and problems relating to unemployment, housing, and access to basic civic amenities like safe drinking water and sanitation. This research aims at analysing the social vulnerability of Alexandria city. It reviews and implements several methods for selecting and aggregating vulnerability indicators. This aggregation process that captures multiple aspects of socio-spatial vulnerability in a single index or a small number of variables can produce thematic maps that act as powerful visual tools to identify those areas most susceptible to suffer from environmental changes. This study follows a structured framework to firstly describe the process of developing a social vulnerability index (SoVI), from 14 variables using two different methods. Secondly, it analyses the spatial patterns of the developed composite SoVI at the neighbourhood “Shyakha” level using ArcMap geographic information systems (GIS). The results demonstrate that the distribution of social vulnerability is not equal along Alexandria city. Most of the city is categorized to have relatively medium vulnerability level, while few areas are regarded as highly vulnerable “hot spots” and other areas are regarded as low vulnerable “cold spots”. Finally, based on the interpretation of the developed index and the deep examination of the characteristics of those vulnerable areas, the study offers guidelines to promote resilient development of most vulnerable areas.

Avaliação da Vulnerabilidade e do Risco Potencial de Contamina-ção de Água subterrânea no Município de Venâncio Aires - RS

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a vulnerabilidade e o risco de contaminação dos aquíferos da região de Venâncio Aires. Para o seu desenvolvimento foram utilizados bancos de dados geológicos e hidrogeológicos, informações sobre fontes de contaminação, imageamento de satélite e levantamento de dados em campo. A vulnerabilidade dos aquíferos foi avaliada pela metodologia GOD, e o risco de contaminação, através da metodologia POSH. Foram identificados 271 poços. A análise dos dados permitiu identificar a ocorrência dos sistemas aquíferos Guarani (SAG) e Serra Geral (SASG). Para o SAG, houve predomínio das classes de vulnerabilidade baixa e média, com 44,27% e 38,16% da área, respectivamente. Para o SASG, houve predomínio de média vulnerabilidade, cobrindo 85,79% da sua área. Das fontes de contaminação difusas mapeadas, 41,4% da área do município foi classificada com potencial moderado, e 2,6% com potencial reduzido. Foram mapeadas 73 fontes de contaminação pontuais, sendo 23 delas com potencial reduzido, 30 com potencial moderado e 20 com potencial elevado. No SASG, o perigo de contaminação das fontes difusas predominou na classe moderada, com 35,7% da área nessa classe. No SAG, o predomínio foi de perigo baixo e moderado, cobrindo 19,5% e 15,2% da sua área, respectivamente. Os resultados evidenciam que os sistemas aquíferos apresentam áreas com vulnerabilidade média a alta, e risco moderado, logo há necessidade de programas de gestão da qualidade da água subterrânea.

Socio-economic impact on vulnerability of tropical forests of Eastern Ghats using hybrid modelling

Forest vulnerability assessment has been proven paramount from regional to global scale in order to determine the natural as well as socio-economic pressure exerted on the ecosystem. The hybrid of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Weighted Overlay Modelling (WOM) has proven to be effective and has yielded desirable results with greater accuracies. In AHP, The highest weights were assigned to forest edge (DFE) (0.27) followed by roads (DRo) (0.22), shifting cultivation (0.11) and settlements (0.11) whereas the parameters river, slope, elevation and Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) were given lower priority values of 0.09, 0.08, 0.08 and 0.04, respectively. Among the total of 8856 number of grids of 1 km2 dimension, 1126 grids (12.71%) are under very high vulnerability and the high and medium vulnerability classes share 682 (7.70%) and 3 grids (0.03%), respectively of the total geographic area of the district. The Anthropogenic Disturbance Index (ADI) ranged from 4.6 to 61.5 and 1429.57 km2 forest area was common between the overall forest vulnerability and anthropogenically vulnerability indicating that forest vulnerability is occurring mostly due to the socio-economic activities. The causes may be attributed to the operation of two major mines and three major industries and mostly to the shifting cultivation which is one of the major socio-economic practices in the tribal dominated district. The REDD + programmes can be implemented at community levels by strengthening regional forest department and local communities for better management of forest resources through indigenous techniques without compromising the socio-economic and livelihood developments.

Meningkatkan Keamanan Sistem Informasi Puskesmas Terpadu dengan Metode Grey-Box Penetration Test Menggunakan Computer Assisted Audit Techniques

Keamanan sistem informasi merupakan hal yang wajib diperhatikan oleh pemiliknya agar terhindar dari kejahatan siber. Sistem informasi yang memiliki kerentanan keamanan dapat mengancam infrastruktur penting suatu organisasi. Kerentanan keamanan adalah segala jenis celah yang memungkinkan penyerang untuk dapat masuk kedalam sistem secara illegal dan melakukan tidakan yang tidak diinginkan. Penetration test pada sistem informasi perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan keamanannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keamanan sistem informasi puskesmas terpadu Kota Payakumbuh sehingga data dan informasi yang ada terjamin keamanannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah grey box penetration test menggunakan computer assisted audit techniques. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan 97 kerentanan kategori tinggi, 1 kerentanan kategori sedang dan 26 kerentanan kategori rendah. Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kota Payakumbuh dapat memanfaatkan hasil penetration test sebagai referensi untuk meningkatkan keamanan sistem informasi puskesmas terpadu Kota Payakumbuh.

An indicator based approach for assessing the vulnerability of riparian ecosystem under the influence of urbanization in the Indian Himalayan city, Dehradun

Riparian ecosystems are critical biological habitat that needs to be preserved. These systems face multiple stresses of altered water regime, increased human interference and biological invasion, climate change, land developments and other site-specific issues that may include eutrophication and urbanisation. In due course of urbanisation, riparian vegetation is replaced by both impervious and less permeable surfaces causing more frequent floods, greater total surface runoff, and decreased time to produce runoff. This may result in flooding of the city when a substantial rain is received. In this study, we evaluated the vulnerability of riparian zones in Dehradun city of India due to urbanisation using a series of indicators extracted from remote sensing data. The changes in the landscape pattern of the riparian zones were examined by analyzing and manipulating Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 datasets using Google Earth Engine, ArcGIS 10.1 and ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software. Factors influencing the changes within the riparian area were identified using higher resolution image, existing base maps and reconnaissance surveys to qualify them as one of the indicators. Anthropogenic activities such as new residential buildings, infrastructure (such as roads), farming activities and commercial activities (industrial set up) were some of the factors contributing to the vulnerability of riparian zones. The final indicators in the form of riparian zone slope, extent of the riparian area, vegetation cover, human disturbance were mapped as raster layers and were integrated in a GIS environment to obtain final vulnerability map. This was intersected with settlement density map to categorize the vulnerability levels for three settlement density classes of low, medium and high. The findings reveal a significant land cover change within the riparian zones over a period of twenty years (2000 to 2019) with various levels of human encroachment. It was observed that 26.15% of the riparian area falls under low, 47.68% under medium, 12.98% under high, and 13.19% under very high vulnerability classes. Furthermore, the coverage percentage of high vulnerability class was largest in the low and high settlement density areas of riparian zones accounting for 36.96% and 51.48%, respectively. The majority of the area (74.36%) falls under medium vulnerability class under medium settlement density class. The study provides an opportunity to map riparian zone vulnerability considering predominant indicators of vulnerability that could be mapped using remotely sensed data and application of GIS tools.

Vulnerability assessment of agro-ecological environment in Karst mountain based on set pair analysis model of grey trigonometrically whitening weight

Ecological vulnerability is a hot issue in the study of global change and sustainable development. Understanding the vulnerability of agro-ecological environment is conducive to rational utilization of regional agricultural resources, which could put forward effective measures for prote-cting agro-ecological environment. Given that the evaluation of agricultural eco-environment vulnerability generally does not consider the relationships among different indicators in different evaluation levels, we used the grey trigonometrically whitening weight set pair analysis (SPA) model to evaluate the vulnerability of agricultural eco-environment in Karst mountain by selecting 11 indicators such as population density, per capita arable land area and per capita afforestation area from the external vulnerability of ecological environment. The results showed that the vulnerability degree of agro-ecological environment in the study area was very high, mainly at the extreme, high and medium vulnerability grades. The proportion of extremely, highly, moderately, mildly and slightly vulnerable areas was 32.4%, 14.1%, 17.7%, 23.6% and 12.2% respectively. This result was consistent with the status of agricultural ecological environment vulnerability in the study area. It was feasible to evaluate the vulnerability of agro-ecosystem with the SPA Model of grey trigonometrically whitening weight, which provided a new method for evaluating agricultural ecological environment vulnerability.

The worrisome conservation status of ecosystems within the distribution range of the Spectacled Bear Tremarctos ornatus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ursidae) in Ecuador

The distribution range of Spectacled Bear in Ecuador has been strongly fragmented owing to human activities, thus studying the conservation status of the remaining patches in which this species inhabits is essential to ensure its conservation. We performed a descriptive analysis of the conservation status of the ecosystems that form part of the Spectacled Bear distribution range in Ecuador, using values of five indicators (fragmentation, connectivity, threat, vulnerability and fragility) provided by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Environment. Moreover, we compared the conservation status between scrubland &amp; pastures and evergreen forest ecosystem according to the five indicators. Overall, the Spectacled Bear distribution in Ecuador is covered by a greater surface area of ecosystems classified with a medium level of fragmentation (58.8%), low connectivity (45.1%), high fragility (45.6%), high (38.2%) and medium threat (39.2%), as well as high (33.7%) and medium (33.1 %) vulnerability. Scrubland and pastures ecosystems had worse conservation status than evergreen forests, with 98% of their surface classified as having low or very low connectivity, 77.3% as high fragility and 77.4% as high threat. These results showed the worrisome conservation status of the ecosystems shaping the distribution range of Spectacled Bear in Ecuador, particularly the scrubland and pastures, and therefore, a wider national strategy (inside and outside the limits of the bear distribution range) should be applied to ensure the preservation of these ecosystems. &#x0D;

Vulnerability index related to populations at-risk for landslides in the Brazilian Early Warning System (BEWS)

Vulnerability indices are valuable tools for supporting disaster risk management and are primarily used to reduce human losses. Despite relevant advances in developing tools and metrics towards identifying vulnerable populations, one current challenge is the incorporation of socioeconomic information into an early warning system for disasters. This paper aims to propose and evaluate a vulnerability population index to support monitoring and issuing early warnings for disaster risk in Brazil. Using indicators that characterize the population's physical exposure and capacity for response, the Operational Index for Vulnerability Analysis (InOV) was developed for 443 Brazilian municipalities. This study advances the current understanding of this topic through its use of data on an intra-urban scale, which allows a relational analysis of at-risk areas within each municipality. Based on a total of 6,227,740 vulnerable people in landslide risk areas, almost 42% were classified with very high, 35% with high and 23% with medium vulnerability. Data regarding the victims and populations affected by landslides were used to validate the index. The correlation between the incidences of human losses in the areas classified as very high vulnerability class was verified. The development and validation of the InOV demonstrated the potential for incorporating socioeconomic information into the context of the Brazilian Early Warning System (BEWS). This index can support the identification of priority areas providing additional information about vulnerable populations to be included in early warnings of disaster risk.