This is an empirical investigation of export concerns of managers in small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. Chisquare analysis is used to identify the major determinants of export orientation. The data refer to a random sample of 90 enterprises which engaged in exports in 1991 and 1992. It is shown that major determinants of export orientation among the Polish firms are foreign ownership, eiport arrangements based on joint-ventures with foreign partners and aualitv of exported products. Although there is no clear& formula fbr deGelopiig a su&essful export program, the study suggests a number of specific improvements in marketing strategy, government support and environmental characteristics which should help to increase exports by small and medium-sized firms in Poland. Findings of this study are systematically compared with the results of previous explorations into the determinants of export performance.