Medium Intensity Research Articles

Significance of physical activity in behavioral management of type 2 diabetes. Interventions and Improving Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Management

Abstract: Introduction and purpose Diabetes is a set of metabolic disorders whose common, characteristic feature is the occurrence of hyperglycemia. Elevated glycemia levels result from impaired insulin secretion and/or defects in its action. In type 2 diabetes, we have modified risk factors such as improper diet, reduced physical activity, and obesity. In the context of these reversible factors, intervention in patients' lifestyle, with particular emphasis on physical activity, seems advisable. To investigate the implementation of recommendations for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, relating to physical activity as a component of behavioral treatment of diabetes. Materials and methods. Author's survey covering patients' knowledge about their disease, needs and expectations regarding education. The questionnaire examines the physical activity of patients newly diagnosed and already treated for type 2 diabetes. Results. The most frequently undertaken exercise was of medium intensity in the form of walking or "Nordic walking". This was also more likely to be intensified. Patients choosing this type of activity practiced it much more often and more regularly than other types of activity. Running and cycling were other activities undertaken by the patients, although in the younger group of patients. Patients who enjoyed physical exercise were more likely and willing to do it and it was more regular. Conclusions. Patients were reluctant to undertake physical exercise and usually did not treat it as an integral part of treatment. Usually, it was not a very intense effort. They also rarely intensified it when the diagnosis was made. Most of the respondents did not understand the role of exercise in the treatment process and its impact on sugar levels.

Evolution of influenza and acute respiratory infections in the Republic of Moldova during the 2014/15-2022/23 seasons

Introduction. Influenza-like illness (ILI), Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Severe Acute Respiratory Infections (SARI) are the most common infectious diseases globally, accounting for up to 95% of infectious diseases in some countries. They cause severe forms every year especially in at-risk groups. Material and methods. The descriptive-retrospective epidemiological study analyzed morbidity by ILI, ARI and SARI and laboratory results in the presence of influenza viruses during the 2014/2015-2022/2023 seasons. Results. ILI has been of low to medium intensity except for 2 seasons and ARI has been of very high intensity in one season. ILI, ARI and SARI primarily affected children aged 0-14 years. During the 9 seasons (exception 2020/2021) influenza virus types A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B have been identified, with the percentage of positives decreasing considerably in the last 2 seasons. During the period under review, each influenza virus dominated, and in 3 seasons 2-3 virus types co-dominated. Genetic characterization of the identified strains demonstrated that influenza viruses fully fit the phylogenetic tree constructed in the nominated period, do not differ antigenically from strains identified in other regions of the northern hemisphere and are susceptible to antivirals. Conclusions. The national surveillance system of ILI, ARI and SARI makes it possible to monitor the evolution of the epidemic process in real time and geographic space and facilitates prompt intervention with control and response measures. Keywords: influenza, ILI, ARI, SARI

Summary of the effect of an exercise intervention on elderly with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Many randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that exercise benefits cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but less attention has been paid to the development of exercise programs in this population. This study aimed to assess the effect of exercise intervention for elderly with MCI and provide the most effective exercise intervention plan. We searched 4 international databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) and 4 Chinese databases (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP database and Wanfang database) for studies on exercises associated with MCI up to September 25, 2022. The resulting standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were statistically analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. A total of 20 RCTs were comprised in this meta-analysis, including 1393 participants. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that exercise had positive effects on cognitive function in elderly with MCI and was statistically significant (SMD = 1.25, 95%CI: [0.88,1.62], P < .00001). Subgroup analysis showed that the most significant factor was the Peterson 2004 criteria, multi-exercise, 35 to 50 minutes/times, <3 times/3 to 5 times per week, >16 weeks and medium intensity. Exercise intervention can significantly alleviate cognition in elderly with MCI. The best exercise program for exercise intervention for MCI is: multi-exercise, 35 to 50 minutes/times, 3 to 5 times/week, and exercise cycle for more than 16 weeks with medium intensity, has the best effect. Plus, more RCTs with larger sample sizes will be required in the future to demonstrate the link between exercise duration, intensity, and cognitive function.

Study on trade-offs and synergies of rural ecosystem services in the Tacheng-Emin Basin, Xinjiang, China: Implications for zoning management of rural ecological functions

Rural areas are the main source of ecosystem services in arid and semi-arid areas, and ecosystem services are the background conditions for rural revitalization. In this study, the spatial pattern of key ecosystem services in the countryside was assessed, and the trade-offs and synergistic relationships among ecosystem services were investigated, using the Tacheng-Emin Basin in China as the study area. Finally, the types of ecological function zoning and development strategies for the countryside are proposed. The results showed that: (1) the area of ecological land was large, and the average land use intensity was 2.48, which belonged to the medium intensity. (2) The mean values of the six ecosystem services are all in the middle and lower classes, and the spatial distribution of the five ecosystem services is similar, except for food production. (3) Except for grain production, the other five ecosystem services showed positive feedback to elevation. The other five ecosystem services are synergistic, and there are trade-offs between grain production and other ecosystem services. In the nonlinear interaction mechanism of ecosystem services, the fluctuation constraint occupies the largest proportion. (4) At smaller spatial scales, there are more types of ecosystem service clusters. Combining the results of the study, the villages in the study area can be categorized into five types. This study formulates five priority levels of rural ecological revitalization and proposes different development recommendations for the sustainable development of each type of village. This study is helpful for the fine management of land resources and the revitalization of rural ecology and provides a reference for the sustainable development of ecosystem services in arid and semi-arid areas.

Observations, Remote Sensing, and Model Simulation to Analyze Southern Brazil Antarctic Ozone Hole Influence

This paper presents the observational, remote sensing, and model simulation used to analyze southern Brazil Antarctic ozone hole influence (SBAOHI) events that occurred between 2005 and 2014. To analyze it, we use total ozone column (TOC) data provided by a Brewer spectrophotometer (BS) and the OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument). In addition to the AURA/MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) instrument, satellite ozone profiles were utilized with DYBAL (Dynamical Barrier Localization) code in the MIMOSA (Modélisation Isentrope du Transport Mésoéchelle de l’Ozone Stratosphérique par Advection) model Potential Vorticity (PV) fields. TOC has 7.0 ± 2.9 DU reductions average in 62 events. October has more events (30.7%). Polar tongue events are 19.3% in total, being more frequently observed in October (50% of cases), with medium intensity (58.2%), and in the stratosphere medium levels (55.0%). Already, polar filament events (80.7%) are more frequent in September (32.0%), with medium intensity (42.0%), and stratosphere medium levels (40.7%).

Network meta-analysis of non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive impairment after an ischemic stroke.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in improving cognitive function in patients with ischemic stroke through network meta-analysis. We searched databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EmBase, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on non-pharmacological treatments to improve cognitive impairment following ischemic stroke. The publication date was up to 15 March 2023. Due to the insufficiency of included studies, supplementary searches for high-quality Chinese literature were performed in databases such as CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP Chinese Science Journals Database. Two reviewers independently went through the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using the risk of bias assessment tool recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 5.1.0. By utilizing R 4.2.3 RStudio software and the GeMTC package, a Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to assess the improvement in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores under a variety of non-pharmacological interventions. A total of 22 RCTs involving 2,111 patients and 14 different non-pharmacological treatments were included. These interventions were transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), reminiscence therapy (RT), remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), physical fitness training (PFT), intensive patient care program (IPCP), moderate-intensity continuous training + high-intensity interval training (MICT + HIIT), medium intensity continuous training (MICT), grip training (GT), acupuncture, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), cognitive rehabilitation training (CRT), high pressure oxygen (HPO), moxibustion, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). The results of the network meta-analysis indicated that rTMS had the highest likelihood of being the most effective intervention for improving MMSE and MoCA scores. The evidence from this study suggests that rTMS holds promise for improving MMSE and MoCA scores in patients with cognitive impairment following ischemic stroke. However, further high-quality research is needed to confirm and validate this finding.

Interventions to increase vaccination in vulnerable groups: rapid overview of reviews

ObjectiveGroups which are marginalised, disadvantaged or otherwise vulnerable have lower uptake of vaccinations. This differential has been amplified in COVID-19 vaccination compared to (e.g.) influenza vaccination. This overview assessed the effectiveness of interventions to increase vaccination in underserved, minority or vulnerable groups.MethodsIn November 2022 we searched four databases for systematic reviews that included RCTs evaluating any intervention to increase vaccination in underserved, minority or vulnerable groups; our primary outcome was vaccination. We used rapid review methods to screen, extract data and assess risk of bias in identified reviews. We undertook narrative synthesis using an approach modified from SWiM guidance. We categorised interventions as being high, medium or low intensity, and as targeting vaccine demand, access, or providers.ResultsWe included 23 systematic reviews, including studies in high and low or middle income countries, focused on children, adolescents and adults. Groups were vulnerable based on socioeconomic status, minority ethnicity, migrant/refugee status, age, location or LGBTQ identity. Pregnancy/maternity sometimes intersected with vulnerabilities. Evidence supported interventions including: home visits to communicate/educate and to vaccinate, and facilitator visits to practices (high intensity); telephone calls to communicate/educate, remind/book appointments (medium intensity); letters, postcards or text messages to communicate/educate, remind/book appointments and reminder/recall interventions for practices (low intensity). Many studies used multiple interventions or components.ConclusionThere was considerable evidence supporting the effectiveness of communication in person, by phone or in writing to increase vaccination. Both high and low intensity interventions targeting providers showed effectiveness. Limited evidence assessed additional clinics or targeted services for increasing access; only home visits had higher confidence evidence showing effectiveness. There was no evidence for interventions for some communities, such as religious minorities which may intersect with gaps in evidence for additional services. None of the evidence related to COVID-19 vaccination where inequalities of outcome are exacerbated.Prospero registrationCRD42021293355

ACCUMULATION OF POLYPHENOLS AT THE BEGINNING OF PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS IN VITRO TEA PLANT CULTURES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LIGHT INTENSITY

Introduction. An important direction in the biotechnology of plant cell cultures is the search for factors and influences that contribute to increasing the accumulation of pharmacologically valuable metabolites in them, including polyphenols. These factors include light, the effect of which activates the processes of photomorphogenesis in in vitro cultures, regulates their differentiation and metabolic processes. All this depends on the intensity of the light flux, the origin of the cells and tissues cultivated in vitro, as well as the economic value of the synthesized plant metabolites. One of the promising pharmacologically valuable crops are tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.), as well as callus cultures initiated from them, which are characterized by the accumulation of various polyphenols, including flavans – substances with P-vitamin capillary-strengthening activity. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of different light intensity on the morpho-physiological characteristics of tea callus cultures, as well as the accumulation and localization of polyphenols in them. Material and methods. The object of the study was tea callus cultures of stem origin grown for 40 days at light intensity: 50 µmol·m2·s1, 75 µmol·m2·s1 and 100 µmol·m2·s1 (low, medium and high intensity, respectively). Morphophysiological parameters of calluses (color, density, water content), the total phenolics and flavans content in them, as well as their localization were analyzed. Results. The cultivation of tea calluses in the light was accompanied by their changing-over to photomorphogenesis, which manifested itself in the greening of the cultures and the chloroplasts formation in cells. The greatest efficiency of this process was noted at the high light intensity, which cor-related with the maximum accumulation of polyphenols and flavans, exceeding that in cultures grown at lower light flux values. Consequently, the cul-tivation of tea callus cultures at different light intensities makes it possible to regulate the polyphenols accumulation in them – biologically active plant metabolites with antioxidant activity.

Indicators of heart rhythm variability as informative markers of adaptive changes in Mixed Martial Arts

This article presents the results of a study of determining the characteristics of changes in heart rate variability indicators in athletes who have been engaged in horting, hand-to-hand combat, and Thai boxing for a long time in response to strength loads in pre-competition mesocycles. It was established that in the examined athletes, regardless of the type of mixed martial arts, the tension of all regulatory systems was fixed before the beginning of strength loads, as indicated by the parameters of the VLF indicator, which were almost twice the norm. At the same time, it was established that the HF indicator of the participants, which characterizes the parasympathetic tone, is on average only 10.3% of the total power of the spectrum, which indicates the predominance of the sympathetic system. The results revealed after the participants used power loads of a large amount of loads and medium intensity indicate a reliable decrease in the total power of the spectrum of oscillation of cardio intervals. An increase in the intensity of the autonomic regulation of the heart rhythm due to the weakening of the activation of the parasympathetic tone was revealed, primarily in athletes engaged in horting. It is in athletes from hand-to-hand combat and horting, in response to power loads with a large volume of work, the activation of the central circuit increases and the level of sympathetic regulation increases.

Trends in statin utilization and ischemic heart disease mortality in Lithuania and Sweden, 2000-2020.

To compare statin utilization and ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality trends in Lithuania and Sweden and to assess correlations between the total utilization of statins and IHD mortality. An ecological study assessing time trends in statin utilization (DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day; DDD/TID) and IHD mortality in Lithuania and Sweden between 2000 and 2020. Statin utilization data in Lithuania were wholesale trade data, and Swedish data were drugs dispensed at pharmacies. IHD mortality data were extracted from national databases as rates per 100 000 inhabitants. Associations between statin utilization and IHD mortality in Lithuania and Sweden were examined using Spearman's rank and Pearson's correlation coefficients, respectively. Statin utilization increased from 16.8 to 135.8 DDD/TID in Sweden and from 0.2 to 61.8 DDD/TID in Lithuania between 2000 and 2020. Medium intensity was the most common statin dosage in Lithuania, while Sweden used more high intensity than moderate-intensity statins from 2017. IHD mortality in Lithuania remained high between 2000 and 2020 (from 359.1 to 508.8 deaths per 100 000 population), while it decreased markedly in Sweden (from 226.87 to 88.7 deaths per 100 000 population). IHD mortality and statin utilization were inversely correlated in Sweden (r = -0.993, P < 0.001), while a positive correlation was found in Lithuania (rs = 0.871, P < 0.001). Despite the growing statin utilization in both countries, Lithuania recorded a slight increase in IHD mortality rates unlike the situation in Sweden. This indicates room for improvement in the management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in Lithuania including how statins are prescribed and used in clinical practice.

An Integrated Mathematical Model on Thermal Phenomena in the Cutting Process

The paper presents theoretical and experimental research to unify the dynamic and thermal phenomena in a single comprehensive model of the cutting process identify parameters that characterize the state of the system and provide quick information on the rate at which to produce the wear for tool edges and how it can be influenced. Experimental and theoretical research on the temperature of the tool edge and the medium intensity of wear established similarities between the evolutions of the two phenomena that lead to the conclusion that by modeling the evolution of the thermal phenomenon can be determined the evolution of the medium intensity of wear.

Effects of forest management intensity and climate change severity on volume growth, timber yield, carbon stocks, and the amount of deadwood in Scots pine, Norway spruce, and silver birch stands in boreal conditions

We studied how management intensity and climate severity affect volume growth, timber yield, carbon stocks, and the amount of deadwood in Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris (L.)), Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth.) dominated stands in the Republic of Karelia and Arkhangelsk region of northwest Russia. Using the forest ecosystem model (SIMA) under different climates (current and representative concentration pathway scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), no-thinning, low, medium, and high intensity thinning rotational forestry regimes were simulated. Under RCPs, the volume growth and timber yield (5%–53%), carbon stocks (1%–22%), and deadwood amounts (11%–75%) increased for all Scots pine and silver birch stands. The use of low intensity management increased volume growth and carbon stocks (3%–16%) and deadwood amount (up to 60%) under RCPs, but not timber yield (±3%) in these stands. For Norway spruce stands, the volume growth (5%–26%), timber yield (23%–75%), and carbon stocks (5%–15%) decreased under RCP8.5, but deadwood amount increased (up to 142%). Intensive management increased volume growth (4%–19%), timber yield (4%–63%), carbon stocks (up to 14%), and deadwood amounts (up to 49%). Our results highlight that effects of climate severity and management intensity are site and species-specific for Eurasian’s boreal forests.

A New Agricultural Drought Index to Characterize Agricultural Drought Using Data Mining Techniques

Drought monitoring is a critical task as its occurrence and extent vary according to many factors like drought type, risk, agricultural losses, and impact. Monitoring drought is important because the footprint of this hazard is larger than that of other natural hazards. Many drought indices are developed to monitor complex drought conditions. The intensity and severity of drought in a particular region and at a particular time can be tracked by the drought indicator. In this research, a new agricultural drought index, Yield-Evapotranspiration Drought Index (YEDI) is developed using crop yield, potential, and reference crop evapotranspiration. Data mining and Neural Network techniques have been used to model the drought index. The agricultural and climatic data used is selected from the year 1983 to 2015 (33 years) from the period of June to October (Kharif period) for Maharashtra state in India. The drought index generates the positive values which are further divided into a range of high, medium, and low intensities of drought. SPI and SPEI indices are used for validation against YEDI. Results show that there is a correlation between YEDI and SPEI whereas a low correlation is between YEDI and SPI. YEDI proves to be useful for agricultural drought monitoring.

Morphological aspects of the heart of young rats subjected to high and medium intensity progressive resistance physical exercise protocols

Morphological aspects of the heart of young rats subjected to high and medium intensity progressive resistance physical exercise protocols

The Experience of Cultural Globalization and the Consumption of Western Clothing

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the experience of cultural globalization (based on the three indicators of using foreign music, using foreign media, and individualism) and consuming western clothing. Methods: The type of research was descriptive and the method was survey. The statistical population included all female undergraduate students of Shiraz University in the academic year of 2022-23, of which 384 of them who responded came from colleges of economics, management, social sciences, literature and humanities who were selected trhough random multi-stage cluster sampling. Findings: Based on data analysis, it can be said that there is a positive and significant relationship between the use of foreign music and the consumption of western media (B=0.459), and between the use of foreign media and the consumption of western media. There is a positive and significant relationship with medium intensity (B=0.563); and finally, there was a positive and significant relationship between individualism and consumption of western clothing with relatively high intensity (B=0.667). In addition, the results showed that the three variables of using foreign music, using foreign media, and individualism (as indicators of cultural globalization) were able to explain and predict about 52% of the changes related to the dependent variable (consumption of western clothing). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is suggested that the cultural policy makers, while taking the necessary measures to promote the media literacy of the youth, should make some kind of contextual adjustment in the direction of using satellite networks, in relation to the representation of the interests and tastes of the young generation in the programs of the domestic networks. To prevent the influence of culturally heterogeneous elements, the necessary investment should be applied in the direction of good music productions according to the taste of young people. Finally, in the field of Islamic-Iranian clothes, a variety of new and diverse designs according to the taste of women should be considered.

The Day-by-Day Periodization Strategies of a Giro d'Italia Podium Finisher.

The aim of this study was to describe the day-by-day training and racing characteristics in preparation for the Giro d'Italia of 1 world-class road cyclist who achieved a place on the podium in the final general classification of the Giro d'Italia. Day-by-day power meter training and racing data of 1 study subject (road cyclist; age 25y; relative maximum oxygen consumption 81mL·min-1·kg-1; relative 20-min record power output 6.6W·kg-1) covering the 152days leading up to the podium in the Giro d'Italia final general classification were retrospectively analyzed. Daily load, daily volume, and intensity distribution were considered. During training a pattern alternating "hard days" versus "easy days" was observed, as significant amounts of medium or high intensity, or load, were not performed for more than 2 consecutive days This pattern was achieved combining high volume (>4h) with a significant amount of medium and high intensity within the same training sessions. During training, when training load and intensity increased, the density of "easy days" augmented. In 1-week stage races and the Giro d'Italia, 3 to 8 consecutive days with significant amounts of medium and high intensity were performed. A high number of training sessions with small amounts of medium- and high-intensity volume was observed: 38days accumulating 3 to 10minutes at medium intensity and 29days spending 1 to 9minutes at high intensity. These data provide novel insights about the day-by-day periodization strategies leading to a top 3 in the Giro d'Italia general classification.

Evaluation of the response of historical structures fitted with seismic-isolation

The paper highlights the performance of the seismic isolation devices installed on retrofitted buildings in reducing the seismic response when subjected to earthquakes. Two buildings from the beginning of the XXth century in Bucharest are chosen from many more, monitored over the city area. We discuss the response of these base-seismic isolated structures, relying on good quality data acquired from the recent strong earthquake (3 November 2022, MW = 5.0). Elastic response spectra computed from recordings at two levels of each structure are used, placed under and right above the isolating layer. At one building, the existence of previous recordings and the particularity of the sensors allow a comparison with the other two relatively recent medium-intensity earthquakes. The assessment is carried out in terms of maximum acceleration amax, measured at certain levels in each structure, spectral acceleration amplitude SAmax, and spectral-peak corresponding period. We find that the base-isolation methodology is effective in reducing the response of the building right above the isolating layer, an observation valid for both structures, all components of the recordings, and spectral acceleration values. Moreover, the outcomes from the modal evaluation performed prior to rehabilitation and the seismic isolation process are presented by pointing out a higher newly acquired fundamental period of the isolated structures.

Damage detection of lightweight concrete dual systems reinforced with GFRP bars considering various building heights and earthquake intensities

Because of their distinct mechanical, rheological, and physical features, lightweight concrete and glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) bars have a significant growth in the modern building sectors over the past decade. Minimizing subsequent quake damages, particularly in multistory residential or administrative RC structures, is a key concern for governments in earthquake zones. The dual frame-wall system is among the most appropriate structural systems for resisting seismic loads in multistory concrete structures. Therefore, this research aims to quantify the seismic damage of multistory dual frame-wall systems with varying heights of 12, 20, and 25 stories under mild, medium, and severe earthquake intensities. The inelastic damage analysis of RC buildings program is utilized to nonlinearly analyze 54 cases containing various materials such as normal concrete, lightweight concrete, steel reinforcement bars, and GFRP bars. Using lightweight concrete with half the density of normal concrete and pure linear-elastic GFRP bars in floor construction will significantly decrease the geometric nonlinearity effect created by the load-displacement (P-Δ) effect and dissipate a large amount of the kinetic energy generated by seismic excitation, resulting in a significant reduction in post-earthquake damage. When compared to the normal concrete, using lightweight concrete in floor construction reduced the mean story damage index by 14–20% as the building's height increased, while reinforcing these floors with GFRP bars resulted in substantial decreases in the overall damage index, reaching about 57–68% when both building's heights and seismic excitation intensities were considered.

Effect of light intensity on the survival of European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas) larvae reared in aquaculture system

Light plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and survival of aquatic organisms. To evaluate the survival of European spiny lobster (Palinurus elephas) larvae in relation to different light intensities (26, 359, and 910 lux, equivalent to 0.35, 4.74, and 12.29 μmol·m−2·s−1, respectively), this study monitored the survival rates of reared spiny lobster from the early instar phyllosoma stages to their metamorphosis into the puerulus stage (111 days after hatching) at the three light intensities. The newly hatched larvae were cultured in 65-L Kreisel tanks with 200 individuals each (three replicates per treatment, i.e., light intensity). Phyllosoma stages I to III larvae showed no significant differences in survival rates under different light intensities. However, light intensity did have a significant impact on the survival rates of phyllosoma stages IV and V as well as the metamorphosis of phyllosoma VI into puerulus. The highest survival rates were observed under high and medium light intensity conditions. At the end of the experiment, the highest mean survival rate for stage VI, the metamorphosis into the puerulus stage, was 42.0 ± 2.52 % under high light intensity. These survival rates for reared pueruli were 84 times higher than those achieved in previous studies. The present study results show promise for the successful implementation of commercial scale rearing protocols for European spiny lobster and have implications for the design of crustacean larvae culture systems.

COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF LMS-DERIVED ALGORITHMS APPLIED ON ECG SIGNALS CONTAMINATED WITH MOTION ARTIFACT DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

The acquisition of ECG signals offers physicians and specialists a very important tool in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, very often these signals are affected by noise from various sources, including noise generated by movement during physical activity. This type of noise is known as Motion Artifact (MA) which changes the waveform of the signal, leading to erroneous readings. The elimination of this noise is performed by different filtering techniques, where the adaptive filtering using the LMS (least mean squares) algorithm stands out. The objective of this article is to determine which algorithms best deal with motion artifacts, taking into account the use of instruments or wearable equipment, in different conditions of physical activity. A comparison between different algorithms derived from LMS (NLMS, PNLMS and IPNLM) used in adaptive filtering is carried out using indicators such as: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) as metrics to evaluate them. For this purpose, the mHealth database was used, which contains ECG signals taken during moderate to medium intensity physical activities. The results show that filtering by IPNLMS as well as PNLMS offers an improvement both visually and in terms of SNR, Pearson, and MSE indicators.