Media Activity Research Articles

Do people prefer to share political information that boosts their ingroup or derogates the outgroup?

Recent analyses of social media activity indicate that outgroup animosity drives user engagement more than ingroup favoritism, with content that derogates the outgroup tending to generate more viral responses online. However, it is unclear whether those findings are due to most people's underlying preferences or structural features of the social media landscape. To address this uncertainty, we conducted three experimental studies (Noverall = 609) to examine how intended impact (ingroup favoritism/outgroup derogation) influences intentions to share both true and false news posts among U.S. partisans who regularly use social media. Participants consistently preferred to share posts that favor their own party over those that denigrate the opposition-a preference that was largely maintained despite a manipulation of ingroup threat or a manipulated desire to share viral content in Studies 2 and 3. We discuss the influence of polarized politicians and their followers, malign actors, and social media algorithms as potential drivers of earlier results that highlight the virality of derogatory content. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Association Between Symptoms of Body Dysmorphia and Social Media Usage: A Cross-Generational Comparison.

Background: The rise of social media parallels a mental health epidemic. The effect of social media usage on rates and severity of body dysmorphic disorder is not well-understood. Objective: To determine if an association exists between social media engagement, body dysmorphia symptoms, and/or interest in cosmetic surgery in a demographically diverse cross-section of the U.S. adult population. Methods: In a Qualtrics platform-based survey study of the general U.S. adult population, responses to demographic information, social media activity questionnaire and the body dysmorphic disorder screening questionnaire, and interest in cosmetic surgery were collected. Descriptive statistics and a multivariate logistic regression model were carried out. Results: A total of 1,013 respondents completed the survey. The average age was 40.9 (SD, 14.8) years, 72% were women. Median time spent on social media (IQR) was 4 (2-7) h/day. Respondents who screened positive for symptoms of body dysmorphia had higher daily mean social media usage time (odds ratio [OR] 1.49), tend to be female (OR 2.17), younger (OR 0.97), identify as Caucasian (OR 1.65), and are more likely considering a cosmetic procedure in the next year (OR 2.98). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a positive association between daily social media usage, self-reported symptoms of body dysmorphia, and interest in cosmetic procedures.

Failure of the Farm Bill Process in 2023—A Perspective from Social Media Activity

Failure of the Farm Bill Process in 2023—A Perspective from Social Media Activity

Optimalisasi Peran Humas Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Citra dan Kepercayaan Publik di Era Digital

The development of information and communication technology in the digital era has transformed how schools build their image and public trust. School Public Relations (PR) plays a strategic role as a liaison between schools and the community, responsible for delivering information, maintaining reputation, and fostering mutual trust. This study aims to explore how school PR can optimize its role in the digital era. The research methods include interviews with PR practitioners, analysis of school social media activities, and document reviews related to communication policies. The findings reveal that social media plays a crucial role as the primary platform for building a school's image, enabling broader and more interactive communication with the community. Additionally, transparency in information dissemination is critical for enhancing public trust, particularly through effective and responsive crisis information management. The study concludes that mastering digital communication strategies, including social media literacy and information management, is essential for school PR professionals. This article also provides recommendations to enhance PR competencies, such as digital literacy training and the development of adaptive communication strategies, to address the challenges of the digital era.

Building russkiy mir online – Russia´s competing narratives

ABSTRACT This article examines the Facebook profile of the Russian Embassy in North Macedonia from August 2021 to August 2022 to shed light on the broader strategies of the Russian Federation in the Balkan region. Through a content analysis of posts, it reveals that the Embassy’s social media activity intensified after February 2022, shifting from fostering bilateral relations to promoting the Russian narrative and worldview. By this analysis, the article argues that the primary objective of this shift is to advance the concept of Russkiy Mir (Russian World), using social media as a strategic tool to influence public opinion in the Balkans.

Are social media marketing activities reaping benefits for brands? The moderating role of education

PurposeIncreasingly, brands are using social media to attract consumers. However, it is not clear how social media activities influence consumers. To address this, the study examines the role of social media marketing (SMM) activities on consumer-based brand equity and continued usage intentions. The study also examines the moderating role of education.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) and stimulus organism response (SOR) theories to develop a conceptual model. SMM activities were used as stimulus, whereas continued usage intentions were used as response. Also, the study used elements of CBBE as organisms. A survey-based questionnaire approach was used to collect data from 326 consumers. The collected data were analysed using structural equation modelling.FindingsResults indicate that SMM activities are associated with elements of CBBE. Also, elements of CBBE shape continued usage intentions of consumers. The results of the multigroup analysis suggest the differences among the three groups with respect to their education level. The study’s findings enable managers to understand CBBE and continued usage behaviour of their customers and provide guidelines to manage their SMM activities.Originality/valueThe study findings are first to empirically test the effects of SMM activities on CBBE and continued usage behaviour. The results show that the stimulus strongly shapes CBBE and their continued intention to purchase brands. The findings contribute to the literature on SMM activities, CBBE and offer novel managerial implications.

Social Media Use and Critical Thinking Skills among Senior High School Learners: A Quantitative Correlational Study

This study explored the relationship between social media use and critical thinking skills among Senior High School (SHS) learners in the Davao region. A quantitative correlational research design utilized survey data from a sample of SHS students. First, this study assessed the level of social media use among students, with the majority engaged with social media for more than two hours daily, mainly for social interaction and entertainment, with limited use for educational purposes. The study then measured students’ critical thinking abilities, which revealed a moderate level of critical thinking across the sample, with some students performing better on higher-order thinking tasks. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.45, p < 0.01) was found between social media use for academic purposes and critical thinking. It suggests that educationally focused social media activities may enhance critical thinking skills. Further analysis identified that the frequency of participation in academic discussions on social media (β = 0.35, p < 0.01) was a significant predictor of critical thinking abilities. However, passive social media use showed no significant impact. These findings imply that while social media can foster critical thinking, its impact largely depends on how it is used. The study emphasizes the importance of promoting purposeful academic engagement with social media to improve cognitive skills among SHS learners.

Faces of Anorexia in Adolescents: Diagnosis, Risk, and Support

Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder most commonly occurring during adolescence, characterized by the highest mortality rate among mental health conditions. It is a serious disorder affecting the physical and psychological development of children and adolescents. The increase in AN cases following the COVID-19 pandemic and difficulties in its early diagnosis present significant challenges in treatment. Objective: The aim of this paper is to review current research on anorexia nervosa, its symptoms, risk factors, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the role of social media in the development of this disorder. Therapeutic approaches, with a particular focus on family therapy and psychotherapy, are also discussed. Methods: This study provides a literature review on anorexia nervosa, focusing on its etiology, the impact of the pandemic, and contemporary treatment methods. Available research on co-occurring mental disorders, the effects of social media, and the role of family in the therapeutic process was analyzed. Conclusion: Anorexia nervosa is a serious disorder that requires intensified preventive and diagnostic efforts, especially in young individuals. The COVID-19 pandemic and increased social media activity have significantly exacerbated AN symptoms. Effective treatment necessitates a multifaceted approach, including early diagnosis, family therapy, and psychotherapy. A supportive family evironment can significantly enhance treatment outcomes.

The Impact of Social Media on Eating Disorder Risk and Self-Esteem Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Psychosocial Analysis in Individuals Aged 16-25.

Eating disorders (EDs) result from complex interactions of biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors, disproportionately affecting adolescents and young adults. Social media, peer pressure, and self-esteem issues contribute to ED prevalence. This study examines ED risk, eating behaviors, and self-esteem among individuals aged 16-25, exploring differences by gender, age, and social media usage. A total of 261 participants (113 high school students, 115 college students, 33 working individuals) completed the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) between April and June 2024. This study utilized the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and My Eating Habits (MEH) questionnaires. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and linear regression, assessed associations between ED risk, self-esteem, and social media activity. ED risk was identified in 47% (n = 123) of participants, with the highest prevalence in high school students (56.6%, n = 64). Significant gender differences were observed (p < 0.001), with males in the high school group showing elevated ED risk (64%, n = 32). Body dissatisfaction and frequent social media comparisons increased ED risk (p < 0.001); 45.7% (n = 102) of participants who often compared their bodies online reported heightened risk. Photo manipulation correlated with higher ED risk (p = 0.005). Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between ED risk and restrictive dieting (estimate = 0.9239; p < 0.001), while self-esteem had no significant effect (estimate = 0.00503, p = 0.977). This study highlights high ED risk driven by social media and body dissatisfaction. Interventions should focus on body image issues, self-acceptance, and media literacy. This study focused on a specific age group (16-25) in Poland, which may limit the ability to generalize the results to other demographic or cultural groups. Future research should include more diverse populations and objective measurements.

Formation of the modern media landscape of the Arab Republic of Egypt

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities and problems of media work in the Egypt. The relevance of the study lies in the complexity of the functioning of the Egyptian media, which are influenced by a variety of factors, including legal, social and political. Egypt, as a key media player in the Arab world, is a unique case to explore. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of media work in Egypt, taking into account its rich media history and influence on the region. The problem of the study lies in the multidimensional nature of media activity in the countries of the global south, where various factors affecting their functioning and role in society collide. Egypt demonstrates a number of unique features and challenges affecting the functioning of the media. The research methodology includes an analysis of scientific literature and the regulatory framework for the functioning of the media. This approach allows for a comprehensive study of the subject of the study, based on theoretical and practical aspects. The mass media in the global south, and in particular in Egypt, is facing special challenges and needs an adaptation to local conditions. These problems are often rooted in historical, political, social, and economic contexts, which affects the way the media operates. It is noted that in response to unprecedented challenges, the government of the country is implementing a number of measures to control media resources. Measures to control media resources in Egypt are an important tool in combating threats to national security. It is important to find a balance between ensuring security and protecting human rights, which remains an urgent task for Egyptian society and the State.

GRAFFITI AS A CURRENT TYPE OF IMPACT TEXT: MEDIA EXPERIENCE OF CHINA

The development of modern communications influences all types of creativity, especially when it comes to the public sphere, such as so-called street art. Graffiti as a popular trend in this area of urban activity deserves attention and seems to be a relevant object of research. Graffiti in modern Chinese cities has become an important part of urban culture, reflecting the diversity of emotions and interests of young people, promoting cultural exchange due to the development of mobile communications. Despite official censorship, Chinese media evaluate graffiti positively, emphasizing the importance of street art as a means of self-expression and criticism of society. The study is devoted to identifying the specifics of the functioning of graffiti as an influencing type of text in the context of state control of any public and media activity. Particular attention is paid to the features of the presentation of this type of creativity in Chinese mass media, influencing its perception and attitude towards it on the part of the mass audience.

NEW AND TRADITIONAL MEDIA AS TOOLS OF INFLUENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ELECTION PROCESS

The article demonstrates the role of traditional and new media, as well as other forms of Internet communications as means of influencing the course of the election process in Ukraine and the formation of public opinion. We focused attention on the fact that in the conditions of transformational processes and political shifts, the level of trust in the latest online means of information dissemination, as well as the intensity of their influence on public opinion, are steadily growing. In this context, the main means and varieties of online communication are characterized, the reasons for their social attractiveness for the politically active part of society are highlighted. The study considered both: positive and negative consequences of the influence of mass media on political processes. The study proved that the positive aspect correlates with the role of communication media, especially online media, as an effective platform for political discussions, active discussion of issues relevant to society, and prompt dissemination of information. The negative aspect is related to the fact that a high level of trust in social networks and messengers can intensify the mechanisms of manipulation and the spread of disinformation.Using the example of the presidential and parliamentary elections in the USA and in Ukraine, we found that the influence of manipulative tools in the media on the course of the election process and the opinion of the electorate has recently been decisive. The study established that further in-depth research on this topic will have significant scientific and practical value, as it will contribute to the effective regulation of mass media activities during elections, as well as make it possible to minimize the risks of media manipulation and engaged coverage of political processes in mass media.Normative and legal regulation of media (in particular, new media and social networks) during elections will create favorable conditions for the development of effective strategies of state-public communication and improvement of interaction between authorities and institutions of civil society.

Impact of Climate Change on Transmission Patterns of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Responses

Global warming has expanded the transmission range of some pathogens and disease vectors (such as mosquitoes) that initially lived in tropical or subtropical regions, increasing their chances of disease transmission. This change increases the risk of the spread of some infectious diseases, such as dengue fever, malaria and cholera. These infectious diseases have caused a huge impact and harm to human health. Therefore, this article analyzes and summarizes some academic research articles to study infectious disease changes and spread ways, and why these infectious diseases are affected by climate change and the influence of public health measures, through this topic research also can clearly know how climate change will make the pathogen life cycle and transmission route, expand media activities, finally should strengthen monitoring and early warning system, promote international cooperation, improve public health facilities and environmental health targeted control strategies, strengthen public education and health propaganda.

Different Media Education Approaches Predict Distinct Aspects of Digital Citizenship

Based on a national survey of 8,915 students, this study examines the prevalence of different types of media education practices in Swiss upper secondary schools and their relationship with students’ online civic engagement and respectful online behavior. Descriptive statistics reveal that schools place little emphasis on media education and that current practices focus primarily on protective media education approaches. Results from multi-level hierarchical multiple regression analysis show that expressive media activities positively predict students’ online civic engagement but not respectful online behavior, whereas addressing topics such as the ‘dangers of the internet’ predicts respectful online behavior but not online civic engagement. These findings underscore the challenge of promoting digital citizenship education, which simultaneously encourages civic engagement and respectful behavior. Additionally, there is a significant negative correlation between online civic engagement and respectful behavior, suggesting that digital citizenship frameworks encompassing both dimensions are more prescriptive than empirical in nature and that diverse digital citizenship profiles may exist, with some being more respectful butt less civically engaged, and others being more civically engaged but less respectful.

Social Media Induced FOMO Effect on Depression: A serial mediation analysis towards problematic social networking usage and phubbing behaviour

Background: Depression is a major mental health disorder with severe personal and societal effects. It is characterised by a variety of feelings that are present at the same time (Pessimism, frustration, sadness, etc.). Many issues or worries in the modern world have been heightened by fears such as running out of mobile phones, out of internet packages, or Fear of missing out (FOMO). Despite this, little research on the relationship between these social media-induced FOMO has been undertaken on Depression. Objective: The present study intended to investigate the relationship between FOMO and depression through the serial mediation effect of problematic social networking usage and phubbing behaviour. Methodology: SPSS 23 with Process Macro and AMOS 21.0 were used to evaluate the survey data of 379 respondents from universities in North India. Results: FOMO has a significant detrimental effect on depression among its users. Also, this relationship was significantly mediated by both problematic social media usage and phubbing behaviour which supports the serial mediation model. Hence, the results exhibit that FOMO predicts problematic social media usage and phubbing behaviour, which in turn causes depression among users. Conclusions: Since most students use social media activity in the digital era, there is a significant risk that these students may be exposed to the negative impacts of problematic social networking usage, phubbing behaviour and depression. Therefore, students, parents, educators, and policymakers need to promote responsible social media use and teach students about detrimental behaviours including FOMO, problematic social media usage, and phubbing.

Measuring The Level of Cybersecurity Awareness of Social Media Users Among Students

The role of social media is increasingly important and easily accessible through mobile phones, slowly replacing conventional mass media. The development of Internet technology has made many users forget the importance of cybersecurity awareness, which impacts social media activities. As a result, cyber-attacks on social networks are now more frequent because many users still need help understanding cybersecurity well. Based on data BSSN, cyberattacks in Indonesia increased significantly from 290.3 million in 2019 to 495.3 million in 2020, representing a 41% rise. Social media users need to understand cybersecurity, a technology that protects data, networks, and programs from illegal access or digital attacks, known as cybercrime. Eighty-four respondents participated in the study. This study aims to measure the level of cybersecurity awareness and contribute to the existing literature by providing empirical insights into the level of cybersecurity awareness among university students. This study can also help raise awareness among the public, particularly young users, about the importance of protecting privacy and security while engaging in the digital world. This behaviour is measured using the five TPB variables: attitude, subjective form, perceived behaviour control, intention, and behaviour. Variables from TPB are then processed using SEM-PLS tools with the help of SmartPLS. Based on the study's results, it is concluded that the attitude and subjective form variables do not significantly affect the intention variable. In contrast, the perceived behaviour control variable significantly affects the intention variable, and the behaviour variable significantly affects intention.

Message Content and Diversity as an Effective Nonprofit Fundraising Strategy on Social Media

This article explores the relationship between solicitation messages posted by nonprofit organizations on their Facebook profile and attracting donations during online fundraising events. Recent studies suggest that certain types of messages are more effective at spurring donors to give, but the evidence base is founded mainly on experimental designs. We use observational data for 752 nonprofits that participated in one or both of the Omaha Gives fundraising events in 2015 and 2020. Using the total amount of money donated to each organization as our outcome, we find nonprofits that post more diverse solicitation messages raise more money during online fundraising events. Consistent with previous studies, social media network size and activity (likes, posts, and shares) are once again important factors in explaining fundraising success. Our results provide deeper insights into the nuances of social media strategies for attracting donors and raising funds.

Kajian Hukum Tata Negara terkait Pembatasan Kebebasan Berpendapat di Media Sosial di Era Pandemi COVID-19: Pendekatan Deskriptif Kualitatif

The COVID-19 pandemic has driven an increase in social media activity as a means of communication and expressing opinions, but it has also introduced new challenges to freedom of expression. This study aims to analyze policies restricting freedom of expression on social media during the pandemic from the perspective of constitutional law. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and legal document analysis. The study involved 15 informants, comprising legal experts, human rights activists, and social media users. Findings indicate that 60% of informants consider the restriction policies to be ambiguous and prone to misuse, while 40% support these policies for maintaining social stability. In this context, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) serves as the primary legal basis for these policies. Yet, its implementation is often criticized for conflicting with democratic principles and human rights. The study also reveals that while the policies have successfully reduced the spread of false information, their impact on freedom of expression is significant, including the removal of critical content targeting the government. This study highlights the need for more transparent, fair, and evidence-based policies to balance public protection and respect for individual rights. It contributes to constitutional law discourse by providing recommendations for policy revisions that are more responsive to the challenges of the digital era, particularly during crise

Lewis Acid Sites Assisted PtCu/CeO2-C Enabling High-Performance for Oxygen Reduction.

Improvement in the durable and active low-Pt nanocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the essential target for clean energy. Herein, an efficient CeO2 supported PtCu alloy catalyst (PtCu/CeO2-C) for ORR in acid media is developed. The CeO2 support can effectively anchor the PtCu particles and inhibit their migration during the long-life cycling, which is beneficial to the catalytic performance. According to the electrochemical experiments, the specific and mass activities of PtCu/CeO2-C are 1.09mA cm-2 and 0.49 A mgPt -1 at 0.9V, which are 9.9 and 6.1 times as large as that of Pt/C, demonstrating its outstanding ORR activities in acid media. Moreover, the theoretical studies confirm that oxygen vacancies (VO) as Lewis acid sites can facilitate the adsorption and dissociation of O2, regulate the electronic structure of Pt, and thus endow PtCu/CeO2-C with an efficient 4-electron ORR pathway. The results suggest that the rational design of supported Pt-based catalysts is of great significance for efficient ORR reaction.

The Influence of Employer Branding and E-Recruitment on Job Application Intention Among Generation Z: The Mediating Role of Corporate Reputation and Moderating Role of Social Media Use

This research investigates the impact of employer branding, e-recruitment, and corporate reputation on job applicants' intention to apply, with social media usage as a moderating variable. In a competitive digital landscape, understanding how these factors influence job seekers' behavior is crucial for companies aiming to attract top talent. Based on a sample of 203 respondents and measured using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study demonstrates that both employer branding and e-recruitment positively and significantly influence the intention to apply. Corporate reputation is crucial in determining applicants' decisions, and social media activity strengthens the correlation between the intention to apply for jobs and the company's reputation. These results imply that businesses should prioritize employer branding and actively manage their digital presence, particularly on social media, to better engage with and attract potential job applicants.