Medium Access Control Protocol For Wireless Networks Research Articles

Improving Duty Cycle-based MAC Protocol in Wireless Networks using AI and Machine Learning

Duty cycle of a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is made up of sleep phase, wake-up phase and listen phase. MAC protocols usually proposes to optimize the duration of the wake-up and listen phases, in order to increase the duration of the sleep phase, thereby reducing the unwanted energy consumption of the wireless node. In this paper, we propose an Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) based approach, which uses a hybrid combination of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Bitmap Assisted MAC (BMA) and Sensor MAC (SMAC). The machine learning layer utilizes the duty cycle in the MAC layer, and generates multiple solutions for a given wireless communication. The AI layer then selects the best solution from the generated solutions by incorporating a duty cycle factor in the selection function, thereby optimizing the duty cycle of the protocol. The proposed system shows a 15% improvement in communication speed, and a 10% reduction in energy consumption across multiple communications. We plan to further extend this work for rural India, and apply it to real time agricultural applications.

A New Autonomous Adaptive MAC Protocol in Wireless Networks

Efficient sharing of the network spectrum is required to meet the exponentially growing demand of wireless communications, and the role of the medium access control (MAC) protocols has been becoming more important. In this regard, a novel MAC protocol called the renewal access protocol (RAP) was recently proposed. It was shown that the RAP achieves optimal throughput, high short-term fairness, and near-optimal delay performances when the number of nodes in the network is known to all nodes. However, it is not easy for a node to know the number of nodes in the network. So we propose an adaptive version of the RAP called the adaptive renewal access protocol (A-RAP) in this paper. A node equipped with the A-RAP estimates the number of nodes utilizing two dimensional backoff selection state, the estimated number of nodes and phase, based on its transmission results. We carefully determine two key parameters of the A-RAP, the adjustment probabilities and the numbers of phases. We also tackle the outlier problem in the A-RAP that is recently found and provide a solution to the problem. Numerical and simulation results are provided to verify that the proposed A-RAP achieves good throughput as the RAP. The results also show that the A-RAP achieves better short-term fairness than other MAC protocols proposed in the open literature.

Power Control in Mac Protocol for Wireless Networks using Hybrid Optimization Techniques

Objectives: To propose power control techniques used in MAC protocol for wireless networks. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Energy reductions techniques are essential for wireless networks, as battery powered wireless hosts have limited energy. Hence energy aware techniques with power saving mechanisms are restored to conserve energy of nodes in wireless networks. Power based connectivity is an ad-hoc implements power control mechanisms to enhance network life by improving throughput, cost effective routes and spatial reuse. This study proposes hybrid optimization for “Medium Access Control (MAC)” protocol to implement coordination functions and power control mechanisms. Hybrid optimization is based on “Genetic Algorithm (GA)” and “Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA)”. Findings: Experiments with hybrid optimization are compared to GA fuzzy rules and Fuzzy methods. The result reveal that two hop power control with GA fuzzy logic method lowers route discovery time, increases cache replies, minimizes simulation time and end to end delay in contrast to DSR routing and two hop routing protocols. Application/Improvements: The new hybrid GA-GSA has a throughput of 8.89% and 1.62% and low end to end delay of 13.66% and 2% compared to Fuzzy and GA based Fuzzy respectively.

Queueing Analysis of Polling Based Wireless MAC Protocols with Sleep-Wake Cycles

While decentralized medium access control (MAC) protocols are more popular in wireless environments, cluster based sensor networks are particularly amenable to centralized, polling based protocols. In this paper we present an analytic model to evaluate the performance of polling based MAC protocols for wireless networks in terms of the packet delay, buffer overflow rates and energy consumption. We show that polling based protocols can outperform popular decentralized MAC protocols. Simulation results are presented to validate our model and conclusions.

A multiqueue service room MAC protocol for wireless networks with multipacket reception

An adaptive medium-access control (MAC) protocol for heterogeneous networks with finite population is proposed. Referred to as the multiqueue service room (MQSR) protocol, this scheme is capable of handling users with different quality-of-service (QoS) constraints. By exploiting the multipacket reception (MPR) capability, the MQSR protocol adaptively grants access to the MPR channel to a number of users such that the expected number of successfully received packets is maximized in each slot. The optimal access protocol avoids unnecessary empty slots for light traffic and excessive collisions for heavy traffic. It has superior throughput and delay performance as compared to, for example, the slotted ALOHA with the optimal retransmission probability. This protocol can be applied to random-access networks with multimedia traffic.