Indian Medicine Research Articles

In vitro anticancer efficacy of Cyperus rotundus (L.) on breast adenocarcinoma cells via the induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis

Introduction and Aim: Cyperus rotundus (L.), commonly known as nutgrass, has been in use in Indian medicine traditional system against several ailments. This investigation was performed to assess the in vitro antineoplastic activity of extracts prepared from water and ethanol with C. rotundus rhizomes. Materials and Methods: Toxic effects induced by the C. rotundus extracts on MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated using Sulphorhodamine- B (SRB) Assay, Trypan blue assay, Hoechst nuclear staining assay, Acridine Orange-Ethidium bromide (AO-EB) differential fluorescence staining assay and DNA fragmentation assays. Results: The results of SRB assay indicated the IC50 value of aqueous extract as 510.887 µg/mL and that of ethanol extract as 122.98 µg/mL. Trypan blue assay also indicated the similar results, wherein ethanol extract exerted higher cytotoxicity compared to the aqueous extract. MCF-7 cells treated with aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. rotundus rhizomes were exposed to Hoechst staining and AO-EB nuclear staining assays, wherein and ethanol extract induced clear apoptotic bodies in the tested cells. Further, the cells were treated with the ethanol extract and DNA fragmentation was confirmed by DNA ladder assay. MCF-7 cells administered with ethanol extract were subjected to DNA fragmentation assay for assessing the apoptosis induction nature of the extract. Conclusion: Results from our study indicate a promising approach into the possibility of developing C. rotundus ethanol extract into an effective anticancer moiety after appropriate pre-clinical and clinical validations.

Phytopharmaceuticals Regulatory requirements and licensing process

Since the ancient period, people have used herbal treatments for a wide variety of medical issues. In developing countries, most people utilize herbal remedies to cure a variety of diseases. India, the nation that produces the most medicinal plants, is referred to as the botanical garden of the world. Indian drug regulators are focused on quality in order to uphold the standards for herbal remedies, but manufacturers are struggling to satisfy the higher standards. There are difficulties with standardization, finished formulations, and industry-wide evidence-based practices for AYUSH medicines in India. Phytopharmaceuticals, a modern subclass of medications, contain an enriched fraction with at least four distinct chemical markers with one biomarker. The Central Drugs Standards Control Organization (CDSCO) oversees Phytopharmaceuticals. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has released a Gazette Notification GSR 918(E)-Schedule Y, Appendix I(B) regarding Phytopharmaceuticals. This new rule is anticipated to encourage new medication discoveries and evolution using botanicals in a scientific manner and would aid in the modern medical profession's acceptance of Phytopharmaceuticals as a significant alternative to allopathic modern medicine. Phytopharmaceuticals are a well-balanced approach that believes in everything but places emphasis on the revalidation of the plant material's specification, in contrast to conventional pharmaceuticals that suspect everything and AYUSH medicines that trust everything. The purpose of this article is to give specific detail and compiled knowledge about Phytopharmaceutical medicines, regulatory requirements, and regulatory processes.

Multi-target mechanism of Solanum xanthocarpum for treatment of psoriasis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Solanum xanthocarpum (SX) has been used to treat a variety of diseases, including skin disorders like psoriasis (PSO). SX possesses many pharmacological activities of anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, immunosuppressive, and healing qualities. However, the multi-target mechanism of SX on PSO still needs clarity. Materials and methods: The Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemicals and Therapeutics (IMPPAT) database and the Swiss Target Prediction online tool were used to find the active phytochemical components and their associated target proteins. OMIM and GeneCards databases were used to extract PSO-related targets. A Venn diagram analysis determined the common targets of SX against PSO. Subsequently, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and core PPI target analysis were carried out using the STRING network and Cytoscape software. Also, utilising the online Metascape and bioinformatics platform tool, a pathway enrichment analysis of common targets using the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases was conducted to verify the role of targets in biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions with respect to KEGG pathways. Lastly, molecular docking simulations were performed to validate the strong affinity between components of SX and key target receptors. Results: According to the IMPPAT Database information, 8 active SX against PSO components were active. According to the PPI network and core targets study, the main targets against PSO were EGFR, SRC, STAT3, ERBB2, PTK2, SYK, EP300, CBL, TP53, and AR. Moreover, molecular docking simulations verified the binding interaction of phytochemical SX components with their PSO targets. Last but not least, enrichment analysis showed that SX is involved in several biological processes, including peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation, peptidyl-tyrosine modification, and peptidyl-serine modification. The relevant KEGG signalling pathways are the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway, the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathway, and the MAPK signalling pathway. Conclusion: The network pharmacology technique, which is based on data interpretation and molecular docking simulation techniques, has proven the multi-target function of SX phytoconstituents.

Experimental Study on Panchanan Rasa w.s.r. to its Acute Oral Toxicity

Ras sashtra is a specialized branch of Indian traditional system and medicine which deals with metals, minerals, herbal compounds, and various principles of alchemy and metallurgy etc. Panchanan Rasa chief reference is in Ras Ratna Sammuchya Hridya Roga Chikitsa for Hridya Roga. It is a herbo-mineral preparation made with the help of Kharal so called Kharaliya preparation and is used in powder form to be given to patient. In present era Hridya Roga is becoming a common problem, every one person in ten people is suffering from CAD/IHD with varied etiology and is going under long term medication, costly surgeries which every patient is not able to afford, so this article discuss about the acute oral toxicity of Panchanan Rasa and found it non-toxic on Albino rats.

ODQN-Net: Optimized Deep Q Neural Networks for Disease Prediction Through Tongue Image Analysis Using Remora Optimization Algorithm.

Tongue analysis plays the major role in disease type prediction and classification according to Indian ayurvedic medicine. Traditionally, there is a manual inspection of tongue image by the expert ayurvedic doctor to identify or predict the disease. However, this is time-consuming and even imprecise. Due to the advancements in recent machine learning models, several researchers addressed the disease prediction from tongue image analysis. However, they have failed to provide enough accuracy. In addition, multiclass disease classification with enhanced accuracy is still a challenging task. Therefore, this article focuses on the development of optimized deep q-neural network (DQNN) for disease identification and classification from tongue images, hereafter referred as ODQN-Net. Initially, the multiscale retinex approach is introduced for enhancing the quality of tongue images, which also acts as a noise removal technique. In addition, a local ternary pattern is used to extract the disease-specific and disease-dependent features based on color analysis. Then, the best features are extracted from the available features set using the natural inspired Remora optimization algorithm with reduced computational time. Finally, the DQNN model is used to classify the type of diseases from these pretrained features. The obtained simulation performance on tongue imaging data set proved that the proposed ODQN-Net resulted in superior performance compared with state-of-the-art approaches with 99.17% of accuracy and 99.75% and 99.84% of F1-score and Mathew's correlation coefficient, respectively.

Factors Impacting Preference to Generic Medicines in India

Recently Government mandate was issued in India, which asks physicians to prescribe only generic medicines. However, the implementation of the mandate is facing challenges from different fronts. Meanwhile it is important to understand if people in India prefer generic medicines over branded medicines. The main aim of this paper is to check the attitude of common people in India towards generic medicines, their perception of government initiatives and their impact on preference to generic medicines. A structured questionnaire was adapted from past studies and used to collect responses in Pune, India. The data was analyzed in Smart PLS 3.0. The findings suggested that attitude towards generic medicines and perception of government role in encouragement of generic medicines both have significant impact on Preference to generic medicines in India.

Role of Viruddhahara in Ayurveda w.s.r. to Deshviruddha and Kaalaviruddha Aahara

Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine in India. It is a science and specialty of sensible carrying on those aids in achieving life expectancy. It puts a compliment on obstruction and recovery medicines despite different ways to deal with sanitizing and recovery. It can help each person with reaching the right decisions about their food, lifestyle, and exercise to re-establish a decent game plan between their body, cerebrum, and care, to re-establish a decent generally speaking plan between their body, mind, and care, thusly finishing the spread of disorders. Some unsatisfactory eating schedules, penchants, lifestyles, problematic food blends (e.g., milk and fish, melons and grain, yogurt, and meat or cooked Madhu, etc), periodic changes, checked sentiments, and stress factors can all act either together or freely to change the harmony of Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. According to the possibility of the explanation, either Vata, Pitta, or Kapha go through intensification or craziness which impacts the Agni (gastric fire) and makes Ama (harms). This Ama enters the circulatory framework and is circumnavigated all through the body, plugging up the channels. Systems for upkeeps of toxic substances in the blood achieve toxemia. This assembled noxiousness, when profoundly grounded, will step by step impact Prana (vital life energy), Ojas (obstruction), and Tejas (cell metabolic energy) and result in afflictions. This can be nature's undertaking at killing the harmfulness from the body. Each alleged contamination is a crisis of Ama noxiousness. Ama is the crucial inside justification behind all ailments, due to the annoyed Doshas.

Stepping into small shoes: Gaining user perspective on appropriate administration devices for paediatric medication in India

A cross sectional pan-India study about use of administration devices for paediatric oral and inhalation medicines was conducted with a diverse pool of participants of various age groups. Via 634 respondents from more than 15 states in India, this study has identified the administration devices commonly used by parents/caregivers for children 0 to 18 years and by children over 10 years. It has provided insights on device ease of use, challenges faced and recommendations to facilitate the correct use of administration devices for paediatric oral and inhalation medicines. Ethics approval (DPSRU-BREC/2020/A/008)) was obtained from the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University.The survey was completed by parents only (n = 514) and jointly by both parents and children (n = 120). The mean age of the child was 7.2 ± 4.96 years. 72% of the respondents reported that an oral medicine had been taken recently, 6.3% reported that an inhaled medicine had been taken and the remaining 21.9% reported that both an oral and inhaled medicine had been taken. The use of measuring cup was most prevalent followed by household spoons. The mean of the score for ease of use was found to be highest 4.6 ± 0.50 for oral syringe and lowest (3.8 ± 0.76) for measuring cups. The majority of them found the oral device easy to use. Difficulties were reported mostly for measuring cups and household spoons and were related to a lack of user instructions and measuring difficulties. The respondents who found the device easy to use had mostly received clear instructions from healthcare professionals.Compared to oral devices, there were very limited responses for inhalation devices (n = 175/634). Nebulisers with facemasks were most frequently used followed by manually actuated Metered dose inhalers with and without spacer. The mean of the ease-of-use score for dry powder inhalers was found to be highest (4.2 ± 0.37) followed by mist inhalers (4.0 ± 0) and manually actuated pressurised metered dose inhalers (4.0 ± 0.71). The nebulisers with facemask were reported to be difficult to use by most of the respondents despite receiving clear instructions from healthcare professionals.The study findings add evidence to the understudied area of user experiences and perspectives on administration devices for oral and inhalation medicines in India. It highlights a need for initiatives to improve the usability, availability, and affordability of administration devices for children in India. Awareness on the importance of proper use of devices needs to be raised and sustained about the existence of affordable administration devices.

Effectiveness of Kasa Kasa Kudineer in Treating Insomnia Patients – A Pilot Study

Introduction: For stepping towards a healthy living, parameters like good food, sound sleep and right mind, all plays major role to attain health and eternity, which were spelled by Siddhars since ancient times. Additionally, Sleep is the best, fruitful meditation for a quality of life. But, getting quality sleep with sufficient period is a matter of concern in the modern civilized world, irrespective of ages, which leads to serious consequences. When you're constantly losing sleep because of insomnia, your brain doesn't cooperate your body, thereby disturbing to perform important tasks. Hence, Insomnia is a significant health problem because of its high prevalence and management challenges. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Siddha medicine Kasa Kasa Kudineer (KKK), in treating insomnia patients, attending OPD at AAGHIM, Chennai.
 Study Design: This was a Pilot study with a sample size of 20, with the intervention of Siddha Medicine Kasa Kasa Kudineer, and the outcome was assessed by the Insomnia Severity Index Score.
 Place of Study: The study was conducted at Arignar Anna Government Hospital of Indian Medicine and Homeopathy, attached with Government Siddha Medical College (AAGHIM attached with GSMC), Chennai- 106.
 Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Arignar Anna Govt. Hospital of Indian Medicine (AAGHIM), attached with Govt. Siddha Medical College, Chennai 106, with a sample size of 20. The study protocol and informed consent were reviewed and approved by IEC (with a waiver from IEC). Patients attending the OPD of AAGHIM with complaints of sleep disturbances were chosen for enrollment based on their insomnia severity index score of more than 15. Siddha Medicine Kasa Kasa Kudineer were adminstrated and the observations were made before and after the treatment using the score.
 Results: Results were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, Paired t- test were analyzed using SPSS trial version 25, and out of 20 patients, 17 patients shown significant improvement in their sleep pattern and the total score were also moved to no clinically significant category of Insomnia severity index score. All parameters whose p value is less than 0.05 reject the null hypothesis. Results were encouraging, as it shown considerable improvement by the end of the study.
 Conclusion: This study reveals the significant effectiveness of treating Clinically significant insomnia patients, attending OPD at AAGHIM, Chennai with Kasa Kasa Kudineer (KKK), which may ignite a new Siddha medicine for a better quality of life.

Coleus vettiveroides ethanolic root extract induces cytotoxicity by intrinsic apoptosis in HepG2 cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) contributes to more than 80% of all primary cancers globally and ranks fourth in cancer-related deaths, due to the lack of an effective, definite therapeutic drug. Coleus vettiveroides (CV) has been usedin Indian traditional medicine to treat diabetes, liver ailments, skin diseases, leukoderma, and leprosy. This study investigates the anticancer effect of CV ethanolic root extract in HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with CV extract, and its cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay. AO/EB staining, propidium iodide staining, DCFH-DA assay, phalloidine staining, flow cytometry, and qPCR studies were performed for ROS expression, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin and galangin in CV root extract. The results showed that CV inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells, with altered cellular and nuclear morphology. CV was also found to increase intracellular ROS levels and oxidative stress markers in HepG2 cells. CV significantly altered the actin microfilament distribution in HepG2 cells and caused cell cycle arrest at the sub G0 -G1 phase. CV also induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, as evidenced by increased expression of p53, Bax, cytochrome C, Apaf-1, PARP, caspase-3 and caspase-9, and downregulated Bcl-2 expression. Therefore, CV exerts its anticancer effect by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cytoskeletal disorganization, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and it could be a potent therapeutic option for HCC.

Cognitive Psychology: As essential & integrated part of medical education w.s.r. to Yukti Pramana in Ayurveda

Growth of any knowledge base depends on a dynamic continuum of a tripod of creating new knowledge through research, effective transfer of knowledge through proactive education and utilization of the knowledge with good professional practice. A set of knowledge system is likely to be relative to time & place setting which facilitates its need based development. But though Ayurvedic education system is one of the recognized age old education systems but still neither developed nor advanced alike other education system across the globe. Due to lack of maintenance of such dynamic continuum in current education system of ancient system of Indian medicine, the knowledge bases of Ayurveda becomes stagnant, static & gradually pass into merely history &may not remain dynamic & useful. Need of dynamism and activism through incorporation of cognitive psychology in education curriculum and enhancement of reasoning skill followed by critical thinking in the mind of medical professionals is quite necessary in the field of Ayurveda to make it up to date and develop it further in tune with the changing needs of the society today. Keeping this in view an effort has been made by the author to explore the concept of Yukti as key element of cognitive psychology make its relevant application in the field of current teaching & education and practice of Ayurved worldwide.

On the earliest descriptions of the uremic syndrome in medical literature.

Uremic syndrome refers to the clinical manifestations of renal failure (acute or chronic) that results from the accumulation of several endogenous toxins normally excreted by the kidneys and can be fatal unless the primary cause is addressed and the toxins removed by dialysis. A historical description of the syndrome is traditionally believed to start in the 18th - 19th century through seminal works in the field of experimental medicine. This account, however, ignores the possibility of clinical apperception of this syndrome in ancient medical literatures. The Sushruta Samhita (SS), a Sanskrit text whose authorship is attributed to the legendary ancient Indian surgeon Sushruta (6th century BC), is well known for its pioneering descriptions of several surgical procedures, even though its contribution to the fields of internal medicine and especially nephrology is detailed. Prameha, a term that first appears in the SS, and subsequently in later historical Ayurvedic (traditional Indian medicine) texts, denotes a multi-systemic disease syndrome impacting the neurological, cardiac, dermatological, and gastrointestinal systems that is recognized through its intimate association with urinary abnormalities such as hematuria, frothy urine, or glycosuria. This construct is highly consistent with uremic syndrome originating from multiple renal disease processes such as acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, etc. Furthermore, medical treatment of prameha, as detailed in the original text, reflects several recently validated approaches to managing chronic kidney disease, supporting the hypothesis that this historical entity may be one of the earliest descriptions of uremic syndrome in medical history.

Unravelling the gut-lung axis: insights into microbiome interactions and Traditional Indian Medicine's perspective on optimal health.

The microbiome of the human gut is a complex assemblage of microorganisms that are in a symbiotic relationship with one another and profoundly influence every aspect of human health. According to converging evidence, the human gut is a nodal point for the physiological performance matrixes of the vital organs on several axes (i.e. gut-brain, gut-lung, etc.). As a result of COVID-19, the importance of gut-lung dysbiosis (balance or imbalance) has been realised. In view of this, it is of utmost importance to develop a comprehensive understanding of the microbiome, as well as its dysbiosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the gut-lung axial microbiome and its importance in maintaining optimal health. Human populations have successfully adapted to geophysical conditions through traditional dietary practices from around the world. In this context, a section has been devoted to the traditional Indian system of medicine and its theories and practices regarding the maintenance of optimally customized gut health.

A REVIEW ON HERBAL MEDICINE IN INDIA: CURRENT MARKET TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES

Herbal medicines have been integral to India's traditional health care systems, especially Ayurveda, for centuries. In recent years, there has been a significant resurgence of interest in herbal medicine both domestically and globally, driven by the growing demand for natural and alternative healthcare solutions. In this study, we are trying to analyse the current market trends and opportunities in India's herbal medicine field. This study aims to have a preliminary understanding of the Indian herbal medicine market, market size, growth prospects, key players, and regulatory framework and also highlights the significant efforts of government ministries towards promoting the Herbal medicine market in India and Abroad. By analysing market trends and consumer preferences, this study offers valuable insights for entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers looking to tap into the potential of herbal medicine in India.

Siddha System of Medicine

Abstract: Siddha is one of the ancient medical systems in India considered as the mother medicine of ancient Tamils/Dravidians in south India. Siddha system of medicine is as old as mankind and dominated the civilazation of the southern penisula of India .There are some people whom claim that Ayurveda is the oldest medical system, but from the research done with the help of available historical data, it is evident that Siddha system of medicine is much older and has more history than even Ayurveda .Not only is this system the oldest, this is the medical system with lots of specialities far outweigh the Ayurvedic medicine. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian medicine, remains the most ancient yet living traditions. Although India has been successful in promoting its therapies with more research and science-based approach, it still needs more extensive research and evidence base; increased side effects, lack of curative treatment for several chronic diseases like, cancer. Disorders of the Musculoskeletal system affect all ages and ethnic groups.it also the Coronavirus diseases 2019(COVID-19) pandemic cause by the severe Acute Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-coV2) is a massive threat to public health word wide. India is a peninsula of herbal hub, in which Siddha system of medicine has flourished as an englightment in the field of Medicine. Currently medicinal plant have become the per amount source of drug discovery in research for treating diverse from of disease including Cancer. Food is the major source for serving the Nutritional needs but with growing modernization some traditional ways are being given up. This review gives an overview of the Ayurvedic system of medicine and its rule in traditional medicine in order to overview of the Medicine in order to overcome malnutrition and related disorders Siddha is a great subject and explains a reputed indigenous medical and health system.

ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SAPTAMRITA LAUHA: AN AYURVEDIC HERBO-MINERAL FORMULATION

Saptamrita lauha is one of the herbo-mineral formulations. In Ayurveda classics, there are so many references available for Saptamrita lauha. The formulation distinctively improves eyesight and haemoglobin by its properties chaksushya (good for eyesight) and raktavardhak (haematinic). Standardization of formulation is essential in order to evaluate the quality of formulation. Making tablets from herbo-mineral drugs will aid in uniform dosage form, better palatability and easy acceptability in children. The pharmaceutical analysis method of Saptamrita lauha formulation was done according to the API and drug testing protocol of the Pharmacopoeial laboratory for Indian Medicine (PLIM). Materials and Methods: The prepared drugs were evaluated for organoleptic study, physicochemical study, pH value and microbiological studies for developing standards. Result: Due to low levels of heavy metals and lack of pathogenic bacteria, the formulation is safe for use. Conclusion: The results of pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical parameters have generated data that could be used as a fingerprint for future research. This paper presents the analytical study of the formulation.

Proximate and Micronutrient Analysis of the leaf extracts of some Indian Medicinal plants from Western Maharashtra

The current study was undertaken to estimate the proximate and micronutrient analysisof the leaf powders of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Annona squamosa Linn., Moringa oleifera Lam., Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn.and Terminalia catappa Linn. Determination of biochemical contents was performed by different biochemical methods. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Annona squamosa Linn., Moringa oleifera Lam., Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn. And Terminalia catappa Linn.leaf powdersexhibited the presence of all the essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins in good amounts and holda good proximate and mineral value. The plant leaf powders can thus be looked forward as the probable sources for food supplementation and medicinal foods, after further investigation of the anti-nutritive factors present in them and their enzymatic and molecular effect on human health.The high minerals, vitamins and proteins content could be explored in the development of nutraceuticals and can also be used as food ingredients for human or animal diet.

Traditional Indian Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Psoriasis: A Review of Active Constituents and their Pharmacological Effects

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The use of natural products for the treatment of psoriasis has gained interest due to their potential to modulate the immune system and reduce inflammation. Traditional Indian medicinal plants offer a promising source of natural products for the treatment of psoriasis. This article provides a comprehensive review of Indian medicinal plants that have been traditionally used for the treatment of psoriasis, along with their active constituents and reported pharmacological activities. In addition, we discuss the molecular pharmacology of psoriasis and the limitations of current allopathic treatment methods. Finally, we highlight the potential therapeutic effects of individual active constituents found in Indian medicinal plants, with a focus on their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This review provides a basis for further research on the use of traditional Indian medicinal plants for the treatment of psoriasis.

Study of cytotoxic effects of CO2 extract of shigru (Moringa oleifera lam.) Root, in MCF-7 cell line of breast cancer

Breast cancer is a disease in which abnormal breast cells grow out of control and form tumors. With being the most common type of cancer in women, breast cancer accounts for 14% of cancers in Indian women. It is reported that with every four minutes, an Indian woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. Various breast cancer cell lines have been widely used for breast cancer modeling which encompasses a panel of diseases with distinct phenotypical associations. MCF:7, a widely studied epithelial cancer cell line derived from breast adeno-carcinoma has characteristics of differentiated mammary epithelium. Ayurveda is the oldest Indian indigenous medicine system of plant drugs is known from very early times for preventing or suppressing various tumors using various natural drugs. Shigru (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is one of the most important herbal drug having Multiple phytocomponents which possess the anti:cancer property. So by using this anti: tumor property of Shigru and to prove the efficacy of Ayurvedic herbs as an alternative and cost effective source of treatment of cancer, this study has been undertaken for an In vitro study on the breast cancer cell line MF-7 by using CO2 extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. Root by using MTT assay.

Molecular docking analysis of six major compounds from sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract as potential anti-hypertension therapy

Hypertension is an abnormally high blood pressure condition that is the leading cause of preventable cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and cognitive impairment. In the case of hypertension, repressing the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) expression has been shown to be an effective method of controlling hypertension by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Captopril is the most commonly used ACE inhibitor. It simultaneously inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and the vasodilator peptide bradykinin. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) on the other hand, is used in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including hypertension. The study aimed attempts to investigate the potency of 6 major compounds found in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract, as an anti-hypertension therapy. The analysis demonstrates that Ocimum basilicum L., extract is effective as an anti-hypertension therapy because it contains several compounds that may interact with ACE and inhibit its activity. The molecular docking analysis and drug-likeness prediction indicate that camphor could be a potential drug candidate because it does not violate the Lipinski rule, has a high Gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, a high affinity to interact with ACE, and a similar interaction site to the ACE-Captopril interaction.