Yoga Therapy Research Articles

Online pain neuroscience education and graded exposure to movement in breast cancer survivors: protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Cancer-related chronic pain is an important sequelae that damages the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Pain neuroscience education and graded exposure to movement are therapeutic tools that have been shown to be effective in the management of chronic pain in other populations. However, there are no previous studies that combine them after breast cancer. To evaluate the effectiveness of an online physiotherapy focused-person program which combines pain neuroscience education and graded exposure to movement for quality of life improvement in breast cancer survivors. This protocol is a randomized controlled trial with a sample size of 40 breast cancer survivors with pain in the last 6 months. Participants will be allocated to the experimental or control group using a fixed size block randomization method. The evaluator and statistician will be blinded to participant allocation. Participants in the experimental group will receive a 12-week intervention based on pain neuroscience education and therapeutic yoga as a graded exposure to movement exercise; participants in the control group will continue with their usual cancer-related symptoms care. Both groups will receive an education booklet. The main outcome will be quality of life, measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Breast (FACT-B+4); secondary, four outcomes related to pain experience (catastrophising, self-efficacy, kinesiophobia and fear-avoidance behaviors) will be also assessed. All variables will be assessed by two blinded evaluators at four timepoints. A mixed-model analyses of variance ANOVA (2 × 4) will be used to study the effects of the treatment on the dependent variables. All statistical tests will be performed considering a confidence interval of 95%. SPSS program will be used for the data analysis. This research is expected to contribute to breast cancer rehabilitation field. The proposed intervention is also expected to improve self-care skills related to chronic pain and to empower women regarding the management of their symptoms and quality of life.Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, NCT04965909.

The Effect of Laughter Therapy Yoga on Blood Pressure in Hypertension Sufferers

Background: Hypertension or high blood pressure, sometimes referred to as arterial hypertension is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is increased. One of the lifestyle modifications that can overcome hypertension is by recommending to be more relaxed. One of the relaxation alternatives for people with hypertension is laughter yoga therapy. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of laughter yoga therapy on blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Bojong Village, Karangtengah District, Cianjur Regency in 2022. Methods: This research uses a Quasi-experimental type of research using a one-group pretest-posttest design without a control group where data collection and measurement of the independent and dependent variables are carried out simultaneously with the dependent variable of blood pressure reduction, namely the independent variable. laughter yoga therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of Laughter Yoga Therapy on Blood Pressure in Hypertension Sufferers. The intervention was carried out with laughter yoga for 5 days, in January 2023 this intervention lasted 15-20 minutes. A total of 17 respondents. Determination of the sample using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire and the data collected was tested using Wilcoxon. Results: research from the measurement of the pre-test MAP P-Value = 0.029 post-test MAP P-Value = 0.009, This study shows the effect of laughter yoga therapy on reducing blood pressure P-Value = 0.000 Wilcoxon test. This means Ho is rejected and the sample supports a significant influence Conclusion: should better address the problems of Indonesian society related to the increase in patients with hypertension

Psychological/behavioral interventions for emerging adults with chronic pain.

Emerging adults, of whom significant numbers report chronic pain, are characterized as having unique needs and challenges. Psychological/behavioral treatments found to be beneficial for reducing pain outcomes in children and adults are understudied in emerging adults. Following a systematic review of the literature, our objective is to report on quantitative studies of psychological/behavioral interventions for chronic pain in emerging adults. We conducted a search of six databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science) and reference sections in dissertations and systematic reviews to 4/29/2023. Keywords and phrases were search term combinations of "chronic/persistent pain", "emerging/young adults," and "intervention/treatment" using Boolean logic. Our review resulted in identifying 37 articles, of which 2 duplicates were removed, and 31 were further excluded by a screening process based on various inclusionary and exclusionary criteria. The search yielded four studies on psychological/behavioral interventions (yoga, acceptance and commitment therapy and relaxation), all of which positively affected the pain experience and/or pain-related outcomes. These studies presented issues in design such as not being blinded or randomized, having a small sample size, and potential confounds that were not reported or examined. The low number of studies reveals a large gap in the literature and is a call-to-action to further expand our understanding of effective and safer psychological/behavioral therapies for chronic pain in emerging adults. Successful pain management during this developmental phase may help young adults achieve positive trajectories for personal, occupational, relational, and health aspects of their lives.

Executive Function After Yoga: Adults With Acquired Brain Injury-A Pilot Study.

Acquired brain injury (ABI) may result in deficits in executive function (EF), which affects engagement in occupations. To explore the impact of group yoga on EF in people with ABI. Single-arm pilot study with preyoga assessments and postyoga assessments (after 8 wk of yoga). Yoga classes and assessments were completed within university buildings on a college campus. Twelve participants with chronic ABI (>6 mo post-ABI) were recruited through convenience and purposive strategies from the local community. An 8-wk adaptive group yoga intervention was provided by an adaptive yoga specialist. Yoga classes were 60 min and occurred once per week. EF was assessed before and after the yoga intervention using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) self-report form. Normative data were analyzed with paired sample t tests. Nine participants completed all study procedures. Results from paired sample t tests showed significant improvements on the Behavioral Regulation Index of the BRIEF-A (p = .046). No significant improvements were found on individual EF scales, the Metacognition Index, or the Global Executive Composite (ps > .05). Group-based yoga may improve some aspects of EF for adults with chronic ABI; however, further research with larger sample sizes is needed. Plain-Language Summary: Yoga, an intervention increasingly used in occupational therapy practice, may be beneficial in improving behavioral regulation (an executive function) for adults with acquired brain injury.

Confirmation of the viability of a metaverse yoga class and investigation into the impact on pain, anxiety, and depression associated with low back pain after engaging in virtual yoga sessions.

This study aimed to explore the influence of metaverse technology (MT) factors like presence, usability, and enjoyment on patients' satisfaction, with a focus on examining potential mediating effects. In addition, it sought to assess whether the yoga practice as an intervention therapy in MT induces changes in the pain, anxiety, and depression levels of patients experiencing back pain. From the pool of 202 participants, this study chose participants who had reported enduring low back pain over 12 weeks, with a visual analogue scale (VAS) rating of 4 or higher. After completing the questionnaire, patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (COG, n=100) or the yoga exercise group (YEG, n=99). Results showed that the construct validity for questionnaires and a reasonable model fit were confirmed, and that presence showed a statistically significant effect on psychological satisfaction via the mediating path of enjoyment (β=0.592, P=0.001). Following 8 weeks of the yoga practice, the VAS increased for the COG, while it decreased significantly by ~29% for the YEG (P=0.001). YEG also exhibited a decrease in the Oswestry Disability Index by ~17%, anxiety by ~7%, and depression by ~10% (P=0.001). In conclusion, psychological satisfaction in a yoga practice using a metaverse cannot be achieved solely through the sense of presence; enjoyment is necessary for patients' satisfaction. Moreover, it was verified that virtual yoga practice is effective in ameliorating psychological factors resulting from back pain.

Integrating yoga into comprehensive cancer care: Starting somewhere

IntroductionThe rapid increase in cancer survivors in the United States (US) highlights the importance of survivors’ long-term care needs and symptom management. Given evidence that yoga supports cancer related symptoms, our aim was to develop and implement a community yoga program available for cancer survivors, family members, and staff involved in cancer care at a public comprehensive cancer center in the US. Given the wide age range and potential side effects from cancer treatment, we adapted the yoga program to meet the needs of cancer survivors. MethodsBeginning in May 2017, we offered sixty-minute gentle yoga sessions for all medically cleared cancer survivors and their family members, caregivers, and friends, as well as oncology staff. We aimed to evaluate acceptability, development, and implementation of an adaptive yoga program at our comprehensive cancer center using mixed methods. Classes were initially offered once a week, then increased to twice a week. A total of five service evaluations were sent approximately every six months between April 2018-October 2019 to evaluate participant satisfaction (n = 90 responses). Qualitative data were collected and analyzed using thematic analysis of participant satisfaction, allowing us to continuously monitor the yoga program and adjust to meet participants’ needs. ResultsBetween May 2017 and February 2020, 176 people attended our program. Ages ranged from 21 to 72 years, with an average age of 45 years. Based on these evaluations, 96 % (n = 86) of participants rated both the program and teachers excellent, and 4 % (n = 4) rated the program and teachers good. Qualitative themes highlighted positive aspects of the program, including accessibility, inclusivity, and adaptive yoga based on medical needs, skill level, and abilities. ConclusionsAdaptive yoga programs are well-accepted by cancer survivors and caregivers, and may contribute a solution to healthcare staff and physician burnout. It is essential to build a solid foundation of self-care and wellness programming for cancer survivors and to create and foster adaptive yoga classes. Next steps for our program include evaluating yoga within the clinical setting, including chemotherapy infusion centers, and further research on reduction in stress through yoga in cancer survivors.

CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF KAPAL BHATI AND TRIKONASANA IN STHOULYA (OBESITY)

Obesity is the abnormal expansion of adipose tissue brought on by an increase in the number, size, or both of fat cells. This study aims to evaluate the effects of Yoga therapy (Kapal Bhati & Trikonasana) on Sthoulya in Obese patients. Objectives are to bring about a reduction of body weight, reduction of Waistline, and improvement in their quality of life by decreasing stress levels. 40 Obese patients aged 18-45 years, who were willing to partici-pate in the trial were recruited. Those suffering from any medical and Steroid treatment and any other Disorders were excluded. Their body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure were meas-ured. Dietary habits and exercise details were recorded. As a part of a clinical trial, they were taught Yoga (Ka-pal Bhati & Trikonasana) for 30-45 minutes. They were instructed to practice twice daily, followed by Shavasa-na for a few minutes with balanced dietary intake and Pathya and Apathya. A baseline assessment of the various parameters was taken. The trial was done for three months. Yoga therapy for three months resulted in a signifi-cant reduction in all body weight measures. Thus, the significant changes observed using different parameters in this study found that yoga therapy has several beneficial effects in reducing body weight.

CLINICAL STUDY OF YOGASANA AND PATHYAAHARA IN MANAGEMENT OF MADHUMEHA (DIABETES MELLITUS-2)

Introduction: About 422 million people worldwide, most of whom reside in low and middle-income nations, have diabetes (metabolic lifestyle disorder), according to the World Health Organisation, contributing to 1.5 mil-lion deaths annually. Aahara (diet) and Yoga asanas are essential for controlling and preventing lifestyle disor-ders. Thus, this study assessed how yoga techniques and the Aahara contribute to managing diabetes mellitus. Methodology: A single arm open randomised clinical study was conducted on 30 clinically diagnosed patients with diabetes mellitus 2 for Yoga asanas (Mandukasana, Kurmasana, Vakrasana, and Ardhamatsyendrasana) and Ayurvedic Aahara plan in the Postgraduate Institute of Ayurved, DSRRAU, Jodhpur. The study evaluates their role in the management of Prabhoot Mutrata (Polyuria), Avila Mutrata (Urine turbidity), Pipasadhikya (Polydipsia), Kshuda Adhikya (Polyphagia), Sweda Adhikya (The excessive sweating) The, Dourbalya The (Weakness The/Tiredness The), The Alasya (The Laziness) The, Atinidra (Excessive sleep), Karpada Daha (Burning sensation in hands and feet) and blood sugar level (i.e. FBS and PPBS, HbA1c). Result: The result of the study depicts that Yoga asanas and Ayurvedic Aahara have significantly helped in reducing the Prabhoot Mutrata, Avila Mutrata, Pipasadhikya, Kshuda Adhikya, Sweda Adhikya, Dourbalya, Alasya, Atinidra, Karpada Daha and blood sugar level. Conclusion: The study concluded that Yoga therapy and the Aahara plan have a role in managing diabetes mellitus by lowering medication dosages, increasing physical and mental alertness, and preventing complications. Results should be validated in larger sample sizes and multicentric models to es-tablish it as a well-known treatment.

Ayurveda Perspective of Environmental Sustainability for the Economic Crisis–A Review

Ayurveda, the science of life is a comprehensive system of health care of great antiquity, based on experiential knowledge and grown with perpetual expansion. Ayurveda treatment combines products of plant derivatives as well as animal, metal, and mineral, diet, exercise, and lifestyle. According to WHO 88% of all countries are estimated to use traditional medicine, such as herbal medicines, acupuncture, yoga and indigenous therapies. U.S. Environmental protection Agency defines, Environmental sustainability is the responsibility to conserve natural resources and protect global ecosystems to support health and well-being, now and in the future. The objective of this study has been aimed to review on Ayurveda system of medicine for environmental sustainability. The study was carried out as a review study and data was collected from Ayurveda authentic texts, previously published research papers and journal articles. As per findings, Ayurveda provides clear guidelines for lifestyle and nutrition, all of which fit within the framework of Dharma (Moral principles) which promotes responsibility for the whole society. According to Ayurveda, lifestyle helps to protect a healthy environment and support nature. It also means the natural care of sustainable food sources and agriculture preserves not only life but also responsible and safe ways of nutrition, careful approach and planning to preserve and guarantee the abundance of all medicinal plants in nature. Sustainable food aims to avoid damaging or wasting natural resources. The major four elements of environmental sustainability which are air and water management and risk reduction have been described in Ayurveda authentic texts. As adaptations the concepts such as the knowledge of Ritucharya (regimen for various seasons) and Dina Charya (daily regimen) in Ayurveda, are the key to survival, thus essential to maintain a healthy life which helps to free from lifestyle diseases in humans and leads to maintaining good relationship with their environment. The predictive approach of Ayurveda based on the constitutional knowledge about human being shall assist to solving a serious challenge of the modern life. Modern drug-based medicine is becoming increasingly inaccessible to the majority of the world‘s poor. The neglect of environmental, spiritual and psychological factors behind health and disease does not allow a simple, abstemious lifestyle. Ayurveda offers a sound, millenary natural alternative to the prevailing medical system on its way to individual well-being, improving health economy and social-economic development. 
 Keywords: Ayurveda perspective, Economic crisis, Environmental sustainability

Effect of Jala Neti and Soopya Yoosha in Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis is a common health problem affecting immune system. It is an allergic response to specific allergens causing the inflammation of nasal mucosa. Allergic rhinitis is a major risk factor for poor asthma control and affects quality of life. Cardinal symptoms include nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and pruritis of the nose and eyes. Patients who suffer from allergic rhinitis sustain significant morbidity and loss of productivity. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis can be co-related with Lakshanas of Pratishyaya mentioned in Ayurveda. This study aimed at yoga therapy and diet as an efficient treatment protocol for the disease. Jalaneti procedure which was mentioned in yoga, helped in preventing and managing upper respiratory tract infections. Since ancient time Yoosha had been suggested as Pathya for both healthy and diseased people. Soopya yoosha containing Mudga and Moolaka is a dietary preparation having Pratishyayahara property. In present study Jalaneti and Soopya yoosha were used in patients of allergic rhinitis.

Assessing Fidelity in Yoga Interventions for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Decision-Making to Enhance Protocol Quality Adherence.

Yoga interventions need fidelity monitoring to standardize the trial process and ensure adherence. We examined fidelity measures of current yoga trials and developed a fidelity assurance process in a phase III randomized clinical trial addressing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy among cancer survivors. We qualitatively analyzed the fidelity monitoring components in published clinical trials on yoga therapy for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy through a literature search in PubMed from inception to February 2023. Leveraging fidelity measures for community-based, complex interventions and yoga therapy reporting guidelines, we developed an instructor/participant-oriented fidelity checking approach in an ongoing phase III trial evaluating yoga for improving chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in cancer survivors. Two researchers independently assessed 4 of 8 video recordings of yoga instructor-led training sessions (50%) and participant-kept home practice logs using a developed fidelity checklist. None of the 4 eligible yoga trials specifically have intervention fidelity measures. We prospectively incorporated yoga instructor training, virtual delivery, and participant engagement strategies in the phase III trial protocol following guidelines. All trial yoga instructors were trained under study protocol to ensure compliance and participant engagement. There was high intervention fidelity in all instructor-led virtual sessions: an average of 100% adherence to class structure and three-thirds on specific skills. Assessment of participant adherence to the established home yoga protocol was 63%. Yoga trials for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy need adequate fidelity measures. Our study provides a feasible fidelity-monitoring approach to ensure trial intervention delivery and protocol adherence by instructors and participants in oncological settings.

Yoga therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia (CBT-I) – A randomized equivalence trial, an interim analysis

Yoga therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia (CBT-I) – A randomized equivalence trial, an interim analysis

EFFECTS OF PRENATAL YOGA ON THE ANXIETY OF PREGNANT WOMEN BEFORE BIRTH

Background: Anxiety in the last trimester of pregnancy will be different from anxiety in the previous trimester. Stress during pregnancy will affect the growth and development of the fetus. Anxiety is three times more likely to increase fear of childbirth and 1.7 times more likely to require a cesarean section. Stress during pregnancy can be reduced by exercising. One of the recommended sports is prenatal yoga. Practicing prenatal yoga during pregnancy is more effective in reducing stress and depression. Because in yoga, in addition to practicing, pregnant women also receive positive affirmations so that they can respond to physical changes during pregnancy and childbirth. to determine the effect of pregnancy yoga on the anxiety of pregnant women before birth. Method: A study uses a quasi-experimental design to examine the impact and effectiveness of treatment. The design of this study uses groups of subjects. Observations will be made before and after treatment. The sample for this study was pregnant women between 14 and 40 weeks of gestation. The instrument used to measure anxiety levels is the standard Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale questionnaire (HARS). This research was carried out in the working area of ​Puskesmas Ngletih, Kediri Regency. The study population included all pregnant women who attended a yoga class for pregnant women at Puskesmas Ngletih Workspace, Kediri Regency, for a total of 12 people. Result: The results of a study conducted at Ngletih Community Health Center, Kediri Town, in 2023. Result : Practicing gentle yoga before giving birth has an effect on pregnant women's anxiety about labor, with a p value of <0.001 (p <0.05).Conclusion : It is hoped that all pregnant women with a gestational age of 14–40 weeks can do prenatal yoga.

Effect Of Integrated Naturopathic and Yoga Therapies in a Management of Diabetic Foot -A Case Study

A 55-year-old male patient of a security job had a right sole ulcer in his leg and increased sugar level diagnosed as Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Hydrotherapy and diet were the main treatments. Yoga therapy is the perfect treatment to reduce stress and mood. The combined effect of Naturopathy in the form of water-based packs, sun-therapy, and nutrition avoided the Amputation. After 4 months of treatment size of the ulcer decreased and the patient was able to walk independently. The blood test relieved normal Hba1c and plasma glucose.

Comparison of CNN-based methods for yoga pose classification

Yoga is an exercise developed in ancient India. People perform yoga in order to have mental, physical, and spiritual benefits. While yoga helps build strength in the mind and body, incorrect postures might result in serious injuries. Therefore, yoga exercisers need either an expert or a platform to receive feedback on their performance. Since access to experts is not an option for everyone, a system to provide feedback on the yoga poses is required. To this end, commercial products such as smart yoga mats and smart pants are produced; Kinect cameras, sensors, and wearable devices are used. However, these solutions are either uncomfortable to wear or not affordable for everyone. Nonetheless, a system that employs computer vision techniques is a requirement. In this paper, we propose a deep-learning model for yoga pose classification, which is the first step of a quality assessment and personalized feedback system. We introduce a wavelet-based model that first takes wavelet transform of input images. The acquired subbands, i.e., approximation, horizontal, vertical, and diagonal coefficients of the wavelet transform are then fed into separate convolutional neural networks (CNN). The obtained probability results for each group are fused to predict the final yoga class. A publicly available dataset with 5 yoga poses is used. Since the number of images in the dataset is not enough for a deep learning model, we also perform data augmentation to increase the number of images. We compare our results to a CNN model and the three models that employ the subbands separately. Results obtained using the proposed model outperforms the accuracy output achieved with the compared models. While the regular CNN model has 61% and 50% accuracy for the training and test data, the proposed model achieves 91% and 80%, respectively.

System Architecture for VR Yoga Therapy Platform with 6-DoF Whole-Body Avatar Tracking.

Chronic pain is a leading cause of morbidity among children and adolescents affecting 35% of the global population. Pediatric chronic pain management requires integrative health methods spanning physical and psychological subsystems through various mind-body interventions. Yoga therapy is one such method, known for its ability to improve the quality of life both physically and psychologically in chronic pain conditions. However, maintaining the clinical outcomes of personalized yoga therapy sessions at-home is challenging due to fear of movement, lack of motivation, and boredom. Virtual Reality (VR) has the potential to bridge the gap between the clinic and home by motivating engagement and mitigating pain-related anxiety or fear of movement. We developed a multi-modal algorithmic architecture for fusing real-time 3D human body pose estimation models with custom developed inverse kinematics models of physical movement to render biomechanically informed 6-DoF whole-body avatars capable of embodying an individual's real-time yoga poses within the VR environment. Experiments conducted among control participants demonstrated superior movement tracking accuracy over existing commercial off-the-shelf avatar tracking solutions, leading to successful embodiment and engagement. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of rendering virtual avatar movements that embody complex physical poses such as those encountered in yoga therapy. The impact of this work moves the field one step closer to an interactive system to facilitate at-home individual or group yoga therapy for children with chronic pain conditions.

A single-subject research design evaluating a co-created yoga program for adults with gynecologic cancer: feasibility study protocol

BackgroundWorldwide, > 1.3 million adults are diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer each year, affecting their wellbeing and quality of life. This manuscript describes the protocol for a study that sought to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity of a community-based co-created yoga program and proposed evaluative methods, and estimate program effects on self-reported outcomes.MethodsUsing a multiple baseline single-subject research design with a follow-up phase (ABA), quantitative and qualitative data were collected from program participants and the instructor. Participants were randomly assigned to varying baseline lengths and completed weekly surveys for 3–5 weeks pre-program. Then, participants engaged in a bi-modal 12-week hatha yoga program consisting of 2 60-min group classes a week, with optional supplemental features (January–April, 2023). Participants completed surveys after classes 1, 12, and 24. All yoga classes were audio- and video-recorded. Post-program, participants completed surveys 1, 4, and 8 weeks after the last class and took part in a semi-structured interview 1 week after to discuss program acceptability, suitability, relevance, and potential benefits. Feasibility outcomes (i.e., recruitment, retention, and program adherence rates, engagement with optional program features) were tracked by the instructor assistant and study team during the study. The yoga instructor was interviewed about their experience delivering the program 2 weeks after the last class. Planned analysisFeasibility outcomes will be analyzed using descriptive statistics. Interview transcripts will be coded using reflexive thematic analysis. Class recordings will be coded using duration and frequency coding. Survey responses for self-reported outcomes will be analyzed visually and using multilevel modeling.Expected outcomesData will help determine refinements, if any, required to the program and instructor guidebook, implementation approach, and proposed evaluation methods before scale-up projects and definitive trials are started.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05610982. November 3, 2022.

Yoga as a non-pharmacologic therapy to reduce dinutuximab-induced pain in patients with neuroblastoma.

Anti-GD2 antibodies are key components of treatment for high-risk neuroblastoma; however, they cause neuropathic pain. Yoga therapy may help reduce pain and distress associated with anti-GD2 therapy. Children 3years of age or older with neuroblastoma participated in individualized yoga therapy while receiving the anti-GD2 antibody dinutuximab (DIN). Yoga therapy was deemed feasible if patients participated during 60% or more of DIN admissions. Patients and caregivers assessed pain/distress before and after yoga therapy with a distress thermometer (DT) and Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale and completed questionnaires regarding satisfaction with yoga therapy. Therapy was deemed efficacious if there was a ≥1 point pain score change and reduction in distress after yoga. Eighteen patients were enrolled; 52 encounters (admissions for DIN) were evaluable. Ten of 18 were female, three of 18 were Hispanic, and 10/18 were White. Median age at enrollment was 5.5years (range: 3-11). Yoga therapy was feasible in 39/52 (75%) encounters. Significant reductions in caregiver-reported pain and distress and reductions in patient-reported pain and distress after yoga therapy were reported. Twelve of 18 caregivers completed questionnaires: seven agreed/strongly agreed that yoga was valuable, and nine agreed/strongly agreed to continued participation in yoga. Thirty-four of 36 clinicians reported that they would recommend yoga therapy for other patients receiving DIN. Yoga therapy was feasible during DIN therapy and may be effective in reducing DIN-associated pain and distress. Future studies are needed to evaluate changes in opioid usage with the addition of yoga therapy during anti-GD2 antibody therapy.

Ayurvedic Management of Alcohol Use Disorder - A Case Series

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a medical condition characterized by impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite the adverse social, occupational, or health consequences which ranges from mild to severe. AUD includes symptoms of alcohol intoxication, withdrawal as well as dependence. Etiological perspective applies a bio psychosocial framework that emphasizes the interplay of genetics, neurobiology, psychology and individual’s societal context. Globally around 1.4% of the population have AUD and 3 million deaths result from harmful alcohol use each year. Contemporary management includes medical intervention, counselling, outpatient program, or a residential inpatient stay, but the relapse rate is high. Hence the medical world is focusing on indigenous medicine and its probable outcome in the management of AUD. Objectives: In Ayurveda, the context of Madatyaya refers to conditions resultant from improper and excessive usage of alcohol and even other substance use. Every patient is being examined thoroughly as per Ayurveda parameters and based on the observations as well as the severity; individualized protocols are being framed. The case series includes 4 cases of AUD which was managed with a protocol including withdrawal management with Nasya, Sirodhara as well as internal medicines. This was followed by Snehapana, Vamana or Virechana, therapeutic yoga, family counselling as well as administration of Rasayana so as to address the dependence. The treatment protocol was finalised as per the assessment of Doshas, based on the clinical presentation. The outcome was assessed with CIWA-Ar, AUDIT, and SADQ Questionnaire. Result: Such a protocol is capable of addressing the bio-psychosocial factors of AUD and was observed as effective. Symptomatic improvement was noticed after the treatment in all the four cases and there was improvement in scores of assessment. The result was promising as well.

Impact of Yoga Therapy on Stress and Anxiety of College Students

Impact of Yoga Therapy on Stress and Anxiety of College Students