Medical Terms Research Articles

Translation Problems of Some Medical Terms

Translation Problems of Some Medical Terms

Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease: Targeting neuroinflammation strategies.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to neuronal loss. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from Curcuma longa, has shown potential neuroprotective effects due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This review aims to synthesize current preclinical data on the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanisms of curcumin in the context of AD, addressing its pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and potential as a therapeutic adjunct. An exhaustive literature search was conducted, focusing on recent studies within the last 10 years related to curcumin's impact on neuroinflammation and its neuroprotective role in AD. The review methodology included sourcing articles from specialized databases using specific medical subject headings terms to ensure precision and relevance. Curcumin demonstrates significant neuroprotective properties by modulating neuroinflammatory pathways, scavenging reactive oxygen species, and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Despite its potential, challenges remain regarding its limited bioavailability and the scarcity of comprehensive human clinical trials. Curcumin emerges as a promising therapeutic adjunct in AD due to its multimodal neuroprotective benefits. However, further research is required to overcome challenges related to bioavailability and to establish effective dosing regimens in human subjects. Developing novel delivery systems and formulations may enhance curcumin's therapeutic potential in AD treatment.

Medical Advertising as a Polycode Text Genre

This article explores the key features of contemporary medical print advertising in Russia, such as the subject matter, the interplay between words and images, expressive means and their frequency, as well as linguistic and visual indicators associated with medical discourse. A total of 103 Russian medical print advertisements were collected from the Internet by continuous sampling. The analysis of these advertisements confirmed that medical advertising is a form of medical discourse that has specific features. Some of them include the use of medical terms (colloquial rather than nosological), precedent phenomena, and language play. It was also found that medical print advertising relies heavily on the integrative and image-centric connections between the verbal and visual series of a polycode text.

Understanding patients’ perspectives of clinical communication within a Major Trauma Centre

Clinical communication between major trauma patients (MTP) and healthcare professionals is extremely complex. Multiple demands are placed on specialist multi-disciplinary teams (MDT) and patients in all stages of treatment. Patient-staff clinical communication has an integral role in MTP healthcare experiences, supporting them with a range of physical and psychological difficulties post-injury. This study aimed to understand MTP perspectives of clinical communication within a MTC through qualitative semi-structured interviews. Twenty participants were purposively sampled from an outpatient follow-up clinic and interviews were analysed using a pluralistic qualitative approach. Three themes were conceptualised from the data; “Challenges to speaking up” “Conversations left me feeling” and “Strategies need to be clinical but tailored”. Patients often found it challenging to speak up due to feelings of vulnerability, confusion, and challenges navigating medical terminology. Patients spoke of not wanting to burden staff and family members playing a role in patient-staff communication, but these challenges require further exploration. Patients highlighted the positive (feel reassured, cared for, and human again) and negative (feeling like an object, angry, confused, and dependent) emotional impact of staff communication. Patients also described the benefits of being provided with written information, clear explanations of injuries and person-centred communication. MTP require multiple options to communicate and address psychological difficulties. Greater training on the emotional impact of conversations, skills to respond to psychological distress and communication guidance for staff, is needed to improve clinical communication with MTP.

ChatGPT/GPT-4 (large language models): Opportunities and challenges of perspective in bariatric healthcare professionals.

ChatGPT/GPT-4 is a conversational large language model (LLM) based on artificial intelligence (AI). The potential application of LLM as a virtual assistant for bariatric healthcare professionals in education and practice may be promising if relevant and valid issues are actively examined and addressed. In general medical terms, it is possible that AI models like ChatGPT/GPT-4 will be deeply integrated into medical scenarios, improving medical efficiency and quality, and allowing doctors more time to communicate with patients and implement personalized health management. Chatbots based on AI have great potential in bariatric healthcare and may play an important role in predicting and intervening in weight loss and obesity-related complications. However, given its potential limitations, we should carefully consider the medical, legal, ethical, data security, privacy, and liability issues arising from medical errors caused by ChatGPT/GPT-4. This concern also extends to ChatGPT/GPT -4's ability to justify wrong decisions, and there is an urgent need for appropriate guidelines and regulations to ensure the safe and responsible use of ChatGPT/GPT-4.

Exploring ethical practice in NGOS on mental health research in Malawi.

In recent years, an increasing trend in mental health research has been to collaborate with non-governmental organizations [NGOs] and their constituents. However, ethical difficulties can arise as a result of such partnerships. Understanding the ethics-related practices of NGOs engaged in mental health research is therefore critical. This study addressed these questions in a Malawian context. The goal of this study was to investigate NGO's ethical practices in relation to mental health research by identifying characteristics that influence ethical practices and investigating staff conceptualization of ethics and mental health. Twenty individuals who work for different local NGOs took part in one-on-one interviews or a workshop about their engagement in diverse research initiatives. They pinpointed the areas that needed improvement, as well as the challenges and chances to create partnerships and increase research capability. The diversity in conceptualizing mental health was a key influence on research practices, with heterogeneity in definitions reflected in the use of cultural, spiritual, behavioural, or medical terms. Notably, there was also a greater emphasis on procedural ethics than ethics-in-practice. Collaboration dynamics and limited staffing capacity were cited as major ethical practice considerations. Each of these elements have an impact on NGOs' ethical behaviour when conducting mental health research. Participants in the study saw engagement with notions of both ethics and mental health as lacking or rudimentary in their institutions and felt that they needed to be improved through capacity building and stronger research involvement.

Palliative and End-of-Life Family Caregiving in Rural Areas: A Scoping Review of Social Determinants of Health and Emotional Well-Being.

Introduction: Due to their remote location, rural-dwelling family caregivers (FCGs) experience geographic and psychosocial challenges when providing home-based palliative and end-of-life (PEOL) care for their care recipient. Limited research has evaluated the social and environmental factors that may compound FCG burden and contribute to adverse emotional health outcomes among rural-dwelling PEOL FCGs. Objective: To characterize the social determinants of health (SDOH) that affect the provision of PEOL care among rural-dwelling FCGs, along with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's Framework. Searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane, and 511 articles published between 2010 and 2023 were screened. Keywords included "rural," "PEOL care," and "FCG." Inclusion criteria included FCGs, ages ≥18 years; findings reported on SDOH, anxiety, and/or depressive symptoms; within a rural context; and U.S. based. Findings: In this review, 18 studies met eligibility and were included. Apart from six studies that specifically investigated Black and Latinx FCGs, most FCGs were middle-aged White female spouses. SDOH impacting PEOL care provision included: limited access to PEOL services due to remote distance and travel needs for services; low health literacy in medical terminology and patient symptom management; limited English-language proficiency; perceived clinician racial and ethnic discrimination; financial vulnerabilities affecting health care coverage; and underdeveloped infrastructure. These barriers negatively impacted decision making, communication with clinicians, and patient symptom management. FCGs reported emotional distress related to patients' symptom management and limited opportunities for respite. There was a limited investigation of emotional well-being and minimal interventions aimed toward improving rural-dwelling FCG emotional health. The presence of community support promoted hospice use and facilitated the provision of care. Conclusions: FCGs are vulnerable to adverse emotional health when providing home-based PEOL care. Research is needed to develop supportive interventions (e.g., digital health) for rural-dwelling FCGs.

A multi-site cultural and linguistic adaptation of a hypospadias decision aid for Latinx communities

Latinx, Spanish-speaking (LSS) patients are more likely to experience decisional conflict and regret about healthcare decisions than non-Hispanic, white, English-speaking patients. To adapt the Hypospadias Hub (Hub), a rigorously developed and tested web-based decision aid (DA), for LSS parents. Guided by the Ecological Validity Model (EVM), a heuristic framework was followed to culturally adapt the Hub (see Extended Summary Figure). In stage 1, recommendations were obtained from a focus group with members of the institution's Latinx Community Review Board (Latinx CRB) and semi-structured interviews with pediatricians with Latinx-focused practices. In stage 2, preliminary cultural modifications were made, the Hub was translated into Spanish, and a second focus group with the Latinx CRB was convened to review the revised Hub. In stage 3, semi-structured interviews with LSS parents of healthy boys (i.e., without hypospadias)≤5 years old were conducted to identify any cultural adaptations and/or usability issues regarding the revised Hub. In stage 4, based on parents' feedback, final revisions to the Hub were made. The focus groups and parent interviews were conducted in Spanish; then, the recordings were professionally transcribed in Spanish and translated into English. Interviews with pediatricians were conducted in English; then, the recordings were professionally transcribed. Three coders conducted a qualitative content analysis to identify areas for revision. Changes were applied iteratively. Participants included 3 Latinx CRB members (2 women, 1 did not disclose gender; mean age=48.3, SD=21.2), 3 non-Latinx pediatricians (2 women, 1 man; mean age=49.6, SD=9.1), and 5 Latinx mothers (mean age=34.0, SD=1.26). Participants recommended: 1) featuring video testimonials from Latinx families or including Spanish voice-overs/subtitles; 2) diversifying racial/ethnic/geographic representation and including extended families in photographs/illustrations; 3) adding information about health insurance coverage and circumcision, 4) reassuring parents that the condition is not their fault, 5) considering cultural values (e.g., reliance on expert advice), and 6) clarifying medical terminology. Feedback related to seven EVM dimensions: concepts, content, context, goals, language, metaphors, and methods. Participants perceived the Hub to be informative in guiding parents' treatment decisions. Revisions were reasonable and acceptable for a linguistic and cultural adaptation for LSS parents. We identified and implemented preliminary cultural modifications to the Hub and applied user-centered design methods to test and revise the website. The product is a culturally appropriate DA for LSS parents. Next, English and Spanish-versions of the Hub will be tested in a randomized controlled trial.

Integration and analysis of diverse healthcare data sources: A novel solution

Contemporary healthcare analytics requires informed decision-making through seamless integration, correlation, and curation of diverse data from sources like clinical trials, research publications, ubiquitous devices, and standard terminologies. Modern healthcare systems need to monitor temporal changes, manage key features, and deliver robust search capabilities, extending beyond electronic health records. However, existing systems lack readiness for comprehensive healthcare analytics tasks, necessitating a sophisticated solution. Our work introduces a groundbreaking comprehensive framework for managing, integrating, and processing continuously evolving healthcare data, with a focus on establishing an efficient architecture for data processing and ensuring interoperability and consistency. We incorporate a time dimension to capture critical changes for efficient data analysis and decision-making, extending from clinical trials to mapping clinical trial data to clinical research. Moreover, we curate disparate datasets, including trials, academic publications, standard medical terms, concepts, and ubiquitous device data. Employing highly efficient algorithms and methods, we optimize time and space complexity, validating the feasibility of our proposed solution. Our results demonstrate maximum linear change detection and update processing latency, showcasing efficiency compared to state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, our methods for profiling crucial entities in clinical trial data achieve consistent average accuracy, notably with the VSM model. This innovative approach significantly advances meeting dynamic requirements in contemporary healthcare analytics, particularly in clinical trials.

Hundreds of body parts are named after hair: is anatomical terminology supercilious or simply super silly?

Relatively more-apparent body parts are often used to name relatively less-apparent body parts. To explore this etymological phenomenon, this report assesses anatomical terminology derived from some of the most apparent structures of the human body-hairs. Hair-related anatomical terminology involves varied etymons, roots, and derivatives: calvus "bald," cilia "eyelashes," glaber "hairless," pilus "hair," pubes (historically referring to the developing beard), pudendum "modesty" (referring to hair growth that covers genitalia), tempus "time" (referring to the location where hair commonly grays, thus showing a person's age), and tragus "goat" (referring to the tuft of hair that resembles the beard of a goat). Also including lanugo, vibrissae, hirci, flocculus, and cauda equina, a systematic review of Terminologia Anatomica and Terminologia Neuroanatomica revealed 285 unique non-duplicate hair-related terms. Several anatomical terms allude to particular age groups or sexes, but are used indiscriminately (e.g., tragus alludes to the older male ear, though may describe the fetal female ear). Likewise, human-centric anatomical terminology influences non-human anatomical terminology- a turtle has a "temporal bone" only because some humans develop gray hair on the sides of their heads as they age. Accordingly, etymological recursion is common: The human ear has a tragus, named after the goat, and the goat ear has a tragus, named after the human tragus, that was named after the goat. The use of Latin as the foundation of anatomical and medical terminology may appear seriously supercilious; however, it is often simply super silly. After all, hundreds of body parts are formally named after hair.

Latest Trend and Perspective of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) as a Novel Nomenclature

Recently, the medical term for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been changed to a novel nomenclature: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The latest report shows analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) using the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF). Among 6429 NAFLD cases, 99% met MASLD criteria. In another study with 4286 cases, 99% of steatosis cases met the MASLD definition, and 95.4% met the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) definition. Several biomarkers show a relationship with MASLD/MAFLD, such as BMI, T2D, HOMA-IR, central obesity, waist circumference, and CKD.

Words with the root <i>жи(ть)</i> in biological and medical lexicon

The article describes and analyzes words with the ancient root жи(ть), which have undergone terminologicalisation. Nowadays, the focus of the research is the issue of the terminological vocabulary influence on the development of language as a whole. In order to reveal the semantic potential of the words with the root жи(ть), we studied these words in biological and medical terminology. The subject of our study is focused on the semantics of these words, since biology studies different aspects of life of living beings, medicine is concerned with healing people, and the words we are interested in denote signs, actions and processes related to all animate things. The research material is based on dictionaries of biological (botanical, zoological) and medical terms, explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, which reveal the semantic scope of the words of interest and provide interpretations of their meanings. The research was carried out using the descriptive method and the method of dictionary definitions. We considered the word-forming and semantic features of the words with the root жи(ть) serving as names of different scientific objects (plants and animals), phenomena, features, properties, methods, actions and processes using the material of biological and medical terminology. The article describes the interaction and interpenetration of common and terminological words and identifies two-component terminological word-combinations, in which words with the given root are used, to define objects at the level of species nomination. As a result of the study, we found more than one hundred medical and biological terms with the root жи(ть); determined terminological word-formation chains; highlighted the terminological homonymy and sub-spheres in biological and medical terminology (botanical, zoological, entomological and pharmaceutical), in forensic medicine, space medicine, etc. We have come to the conclusion that the words with the root жи(ть) are used to nominate plants, living organisms, processes in living organisms, biological formations, abilities of living organisms and diseases.

Abstract LB372: Examining medical mistrust and access to cancer preventive care in a diverse sample

Abstract Background: Medical mistrust has been linked to lower health care utilization, satisfaction and preventive actions among underserved populations. Further exploration of medical mistrust within these groups is needed to inform research and clinical approaches to improve trust and health equity. This study examined the relationship between medical mistrust and access to cancer preventive care among Black, American Indian (AI) and White participants in Virginia. Methods: A convenience sample (N=1,288) designed to oversample underrepresented communities in Virginia completed surveys assessing medical mistrust, access to medical care and colorectal cancer screening. Measures included the medical mistrust index, visiting a doctor in the last year (yes/no), ever having a colonoscopy (yes/no), perceived health status, race, age, sex, education, marital status, insurance coverage and rurality. Bivariate tests evaluated significant (p<.05) associations between outcomes of having a doctor visit in the last year and colonoscopy screening with medical mistrust, health status, and sociodemographics; significant findings were included in logistic regression models. Differences among endorsements of individual mistrust scale items by race was also assessed. Results: Sample was μ age=45 (SD=18), 47% female, 40% Black, 36% White, 14% AI, 45% had ≤ high school diploma/GED, 63% married, majority resided in metro areas (91%) and were medically insured (85%). Among the sample 80% had visited doctor in the last year and 63% of those eligible had a colonoscopy. Medical mistrust was significantly higher among Black and AI participants compared to White. In overall and stratified logistic regression models medical mistrust was not associated with visiting a doctor in the last year or obtaining a colonoscopy. 5 of 7 items of the medical mistrust index were endorsed more often among Black and AI participants compared to White. These included feeling that medical institutions deceive people (Black: r=0.07, p<0.01; AI: r=0.07, p=0.01; White: r=-0.11, p<0.01), cover-up mistakes (Black: r=0.11, p<0.01; AI: r=0.96, p=0.04; White: r=-0.13, p<0.01), conduct harmful experiments (Black: r=0.07, p<0.02; White: r=-0.10, p<0.01), lack competency (AI: r=0.07, p=0.01; White: r=-0.08, p<0.01), and make mistakes often (AI: r=0.10, p<0.01; White: r=-0.09, p<0.01). Conclusions: Medical mistrust was significantly higher among Black and AI participants compared to White but this was not associated with accessing medical care. Given differential endorsement of items dealing with medical errors and their concealment, these results suggest a need to investigate patient experiences after care is initiated to understand what factors may contribute to medical mistrust and care outcomes long term. Citation Format: Jackie Knigh Wilt, Maria D. Thomson. Examining medical mistrust and access to cancer preventive care in a diverse sample [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr LB372.

Making Sense of Dementia: Older Adults' Subjective Representations of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.

This research explores how the representations and meanings of living with dementia are constructed by older adults. Focus groups (N = 19) and in-depth interviews (N = 29) were conducted with older adults aged 65+ living in the Czech Republic, representing different levels of personal familiarity with care for an individual experiencing dementia. We identified 2 different discourses: (1) Tragedy discourse with two distinctive repertoires "dementia as a thief of personality" and "dementia as a thief of humanity." Within such discourse, dementia transcends mere medical terminology, serving as a symbolic representation of existential anxieties linked to aging and the perceived loss of control. (2) The discourse of Dementia as a specific way in which people approach the world was articulated mainly by caregivers, providing them with a coping mechanism and a means to reconstruct the agency of the person experiencing dementia. In older adults' representations, references to suffering among family members emerged as a primary association with dementia. Dementia was portrayed as "contagious" in its effect on the family members who were, in a sense, depicted as the primary sufferers of the disease. Dementia often serves as a symbolic tool for older adults to articulate concerns about advanced old age, extending beyond its clinical definition to convey deep-seated fears associated with aging. The experience of people surrounding those diagnosed with dementia and the permeability of the impacts of this disease between bodies represented crucial frameworks for conceptualizing dementia in the narratives of older adults.

PRAGMALINGUISTIC STUDY OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY

This article examines the pragmatic and linguistic aspects of everyday processes in medical terminology, providing detailed information on pragma linguistics, which is considered a very relevant field in linguistics. Medical terminology is a highly specialized field that is constantly evolving to keep up with advances in medical science and technology. The study of innovative processes in medical terminology includes the analysis of how new terms are created, adopted, and integrated into the medical lexicon. This article examines the role of pragmatics in shaping the use and understanding of medical terminology, as well as the linguistic strategies used to create and disseminate new terms within the medical community.

Ways to translate medical terms into Chinese

The article analyzes the five most commonly used translation methods: transcription, mixed method (transcription and semantic method), semantic method, semantic method with addition of meanings and semantic method with abbreviations. The subject of the article is the translation of the names of foreign medicines in advertising into Chinese. The purpose of the article is to analyze strategies for translating the names of medicines into Chinese in advertising, as well as to identify the most frequent and popular translation methods. The article analyzes the names of foreign medicines (70 names of medicines) and their translation into Chinese. By comparing the frequency of use of each method, the most frequent method is identified when translating foreign drug names into Chinese. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: descriptive method, method of analysis of theoretical literature, as well as methods of systematization and classification of material. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that, to date, the translation of the names of medical terms has not yet been considered within the framework of the theory of translation equivalence. The practical significance of this article lies in the fact that the results of the study can contribute to the further strengthening and development of trade and international communication. The article provides examples illustrating ways to translate drug names into Chinese. During the study, it was revealed that when translating medical terms from foreign languages into Chinese, the most frequent methods are transcription and the semantic method. At the same time, the percentage of use of semantic and mixed methods (which include transcription and semantic method) is also high.The percentage of prevalence of using the semantic method with addition of meanings and abbreviations is significantly lower.

Quantitative measurements of radiation-induced fibrosis for head and neck cancer: A narrative review.

To provide a comprehensive summary of the different modalities available to measure soft tissue fibrosis after radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. A search was conducted using a list of medical subject headings and terms related to head and neck oncology, radiation fibrosis, and quantitative measurements, including bioimpedance, MRI, and ultrasound. Original research related to quantitative measurement of neck fibrosis post-radiotherapy was included without time constraints, while reviews, case reports, non-English texts, and inaccessible studies were excluded. Discrepancies during the review were resolved by discussing with the senior author until consensus was reached. A total of 284 articles were identified and underwent title and abstract screening. Seventeen articles had met our criteria for full-text review based on relevance, of which nine had met our inclusion criteria. Young's modulus (YM) and viscoelasticity measures have demonstrated efficacy in quantifying neck fibrosis, with fibrotic tissues displaying significantly higher YM values and altered viscoelastic properties such as increased stiffness rate-sensitivity and prolonged stress-relaxation post-radiation. Intravoxel incoherent motion offers detailed insights into tissue changes by assessing the diffusion of water molecules and blood perfusion, thereby differentiating fibrosed from healthy tissues. Shear wave elastography has proven to be an effective technique for quantifying radiation-induced fibrosis in the head and neck region by measuring shear wave velocity. There are various modalities to measure radiation-induced fibrosis, each with its unique strengths and limitations. Providers should be aware of these implications and decide on methodologies based on their specific clinical workflow. Step 5.

Understanding the association between pain and delirium in older hospital inpatients: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Delirium and pain are common in older adults admitted to hospital. The relationship between these is unclear, but clinically important. We aimed to systematically review the association between pain (at rest, movement, pain severity) and delirium in this population. PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane and Web of Science were searched (January 1982-November 2022) for Medical Subject Heading terms and synonyms ('Pain', 'Analgesic', 'Delirium'). Study eligibility: (1) validated pain measure as exposure, (2) validated delirium tool as an outcome; participant eligibility: (1) medical or surgical (planned/unplanned) inpatients, (2) admission length ≥ 48h and (3) median cohort age over 65years. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. We collected/calculated odds ratios (ORs) for categorical data and standard mean differences (SMDs) for continuous data and conducted multi-level random-intercepts meta-regression models. This review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO [18/5/2020] (CRD42020181346). Thirty studies were selected: 14 reported categorical data; 16 reported continuous data. Delirium prevalence ranged from 2.2 to 55%. In the multi-level analysis, pain at rest (OR 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-3.30), movement (OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.66-2.56), pain categorised as 'severe' (OR 3.42; 95% CI 2.09-5.59) and increased pain severity when measured continuously (SMD 0.33; 95% CI 0.08-0.59) were associated with an increased delirium risk. There was substantial heterogeneity in both categorical (I2 = 0%-77%) and continuous analyses (I2 = 85%). An increase in pain was associated with a higher risk of developing delirium. Adequate pain management with appropriate analgesia may reduce incidence and severity of delirium.

Weight loss following lifestyle modification interventions among adults with overweight and obesity in low- and middle-income countries – A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Introduction: Overweight and obesity have become complex public health issues affecting all age, gender, and socioeconomic groups. It is a significant risk factor for various noncommunicable diseases such as hypertension, liver and kidney disease, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and depression. Despite this, obesity screening, prevention, and treatment are insufficiently focused in the health systems in low- and middle-income countries. There is a need for targeted interventions that are more realistic, applicable to all population groups, and have the potential for higher success rates. With this idea in mind, the current review has focused on systematically gathering evidence on the effect of weight management interventions compared to the standard of care among adults with overweight and obesity from low- and middle-income countries. Methodology: We will systematically search four electronic databases – PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from their inception until July 2023 for relevant studies. A combination of medical subject headings and free text terms will be used for carrying out literature searches. All the experimental studies randomized controlled trials or nonrandomized trials conducted in a clinic-, hospital-, or community-based setting will be included in our review. Studies conducted among adults aged 18 years and above with overweight or obesity with nonpharmacological weight management given as intervention and standard of care given as comparator will be looked for. The outcome measures include the standardized mean difference of weight, body mass index, waist or hip circumference, or odds ratio of obesity or overweight between the treatment groups. Meta-regression or subgroup analyses will be performed to explore the heterogeneity. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines will be used to report the review. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Ethics and Dissemination: There are no ethical concerns about the conduct of this review. Evidence will be disseminated at relevant conferences and by submitting scientific articles to academic peer-reviewed journals. Conclusion: Findings from this systematic review will significantly contribute to enhancing knowledge about evidence of the effectiveness of various obesity management strategies. This evidence-based approach will guide informed decision-making processes and support the development of effective interventions or programs to address the obesity epidemic in low- and middle-income countries. Prospero Registration: CRD42022352118.

The impact of social media interventions on eating behaviours and diet in adolescents and young adults: a mixed methods systematic review protocol

IntroductionAdolescents and young adults are susceptible population when it comes to healthy eating and dietary behaviours. The increasing use of social media by this age group presents a unique opportunity...