Attitudes Of Medical Students Research Articles

Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Students about Insulin Resistance Symptoms, Effect, and Treatment

The inability of the target organs to react appropriately to the action of insulin is known as insulin resistance. Insulin resistance impairs insulin-mediated glucose absorption in the peripheral (skeletal muscle and adipose tissue), which results in increased blood sugar levels and increase insulin demand.
 Aim: This study aims to assess medical students' knowledge and attitudes on the signs, consequences, and treatments of insulin resistance.
 Patients and methods: There were 160 medical students at Tikrit University in all, male and female. The average age of students in the primary stages was 20 years, while that of students in the clinical stages was 23 years old. The current study, which was conducted in 2023 at Tikrit University College of Medicine (TUCOM), is cross-sectional in nature. All data presented statically as percentage.
 Results: There are three forms of diabetes mellitus, according to 43.75 percent of medical students. One of the complications of DM, according to (90.63 %) of them, is vision problems. Diet modification and exercise were preferable than oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy.
 Conclusions: The study found that (75%) of medical students recognized the link between type 2 DM and insulin resistance, with clinical students showed a higher level of awareness in comparison with preclinical students.

Assessing the Utilization of Large Language Models in Medical Education: Insights From Undergraduate Medical Students.

Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to be integrated into medical education. Among AI-based technology, large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Google Bard, Microsoft Bing, and Perplexity have emerged as powerful tools with capabilities in natural language processing. With this background, this study investigates the knowledge, attitude, and practice of undergraduate medical students regarding the utilization of LLMs in medical education in a medical college in Jharkhand, India. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was sent to 370 undergraduate medical students on Google Forms. The questionnaire comprised the following three domains: knowledge, attitude, and practice, each containing six questions. Cronbach's alphas for knowledge, attitude, and practice domains were 0.703, 0.707, and 0.809, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients for knowledge, attitude, and practice domains were 0.82, 0.87, and 0.78, respectively. The average scores in the three domains were compared using ANOVA. Results A total of 172 students participated in the study (response rate: 46.49%). The majority of the students (45.93%) rarely used the LLMs for their teaching-learning purposes (chi-square (3) = 41.44, p < 0.0001). The overall score of knowledge (3.21±0.55), attitude (3.47±0.54), and practice (3.26±0.61) were statistically significantly different (ANOVA F (2, 513) = 10.2, p < 0.0001), with the highest score in attitude and lowest in knowledge. Conclusion While there is a generally positive attitude toward the incorporation of LLMs in medical education, concerns about overreliance and potential inaccuracies are evident. LLMs offer the potential to enhance learning resources and provide accessible education, but their integration requires further planning. Further studies are required to explore the long-term impact of LLMs in diverse educational contexts.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Medical Students with Regard to Concussions: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Concussions, categorized as mild traumatic brain injuries, result from traumatic events and present a significant concern within the field of traumatic brain injuries. Understanding the multifaceted pathophysiology of concussions, their diverse symptomatology, and their appropriate management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals. This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of medical students at King Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia regarding concussions. A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess a diverse group of medical students at King Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Participants were surveyed using a questionnaire covering socio-demographic information, knowledge assessment, attitude assessment, and behavior assessment. Of the 315 participants, 68.3% demonstrated good knowledge about concussions. Participants generally recognized concussions as a type of traumatic brain injury (68.9%) and believed it was necessary to report concussion symptoms to a doctor (80.3%). However, certain misconceptions existed, such as the belief that all patients with concussion should rest for seven days (31.7%). Participants primarily obtained information from teachers (100%) and the internet and social media (81.6%). While medical students at King Faisal Universityin the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia generally exhibited good knowledge about concussions, specific knowledge gaps and misconceptions were seen to exist. To ensure comprehensive understanding and promote appropriate management, continuous education, and awareness campaigns are essential, with healthcare providers playing a pivotal role in knowledge dissemination.

The impact of openness to experience personality trait on attitudes of medical students toward euthanasia: the moderating role of spiritual intelligence.

Euthanasia is the most important ethical challenges in the entire field of medicine. Various factors may influence the medical students' attitudes toward euthanasia, including personal beliefs, values, and personality traits. This research aimed at examining spiritual intelligence as a moderator of the relationship between openness to experience and attitude toward euthanasia. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 219 medical students (85 men and 134 women) in Zahedan, Iran, in 2022, were selected by convenience sampling method and evaluated using the socio-demographic information form (including age, gender, and medical education level), Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory, 24-item Brief HEXACO Inventory, and Euthanasia Attitude Scale, followed by using SPSS v25 for data analysis. The study results showed that openness to experience positively and spiritual intelligence negatively associated with attitude toward euthanasia. Also, the regression analysis revealed that spiritual intelligence had a moderating role in the relationship between openness to experience and attitude toward euthanasia. It seems that paying attention to personality differences and spiritual intelligence training among medical students can play an important role in changing their attitudes toward euthanasia.

Medical students’ attitude toward patient-centeredness: A longitudinal study

ObjectivesThis study explored the trajectories of patient-centered orientation in a sample of Italian medical students throughout medical school. MethodsFour consecutive student cohorts were longitudinally assessed at the second (T0) and fifth year (T1) of medical school. Students completed a questionnaire including demographics and the Italian validated version of the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale. Results352 students completed both administrations. Students became more patient-centered in terms of Sharing along the course of their clinical curriculum, whereas there were no significant changes in Caring. Groups with distinct developmental trajectory patterns of both Caring and Sharing were identified. Students high in patient-centeredness at T0 reported significantly lower scores at T1 while students with lower scores at T0 significantly increased from the first to the last measurement. Female students significantly outscored their male colleagues on Caring and Sharing in both administrations. ConclusionsFindings call for innovative education strategies to sustain patient-centeredness attitudes in medical students entering hospital-based clinical medicine. Further research is needed to identify characteristics of the medical curriculum that are primarily involved in fostering students’ patient-centeredness. Practice ImplicationsIncluding the assessment and monitoring of patient-centeredness throughout the medical school can inform tailored education aiming to foster this dimension.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of medical students in a Metropolitan city on the role of planetary health in medicine and the impact of climate change on health through a survey

Background: The study identifies medical students as channels of behavior change communication and intends to study the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students with regard to climate change and its impact on health. The study also aims to address the role of planetary health in medicine. Methods: A questionnaire adapted from the standard KAP Form published by the UNICEF, aimed at assessing the subjects’ knowledge of the effects of climate change on health, their attitude with regard to the present situation, and their involvement in climate friendly activities, was administered upon informed consent. Further, they were enquired about the position of their institution on sustainable practices and climate education. The above was studied through several open and closed ended questions. The data was assessed through relevant tools. Results: The study showed that 94.02% of the subjects believed that climate change was real and 47.87% of them believe that climate change is equally caused by human and environmental factors while 45.30% of them felt human factors were the primary cause of climate change. Nearly 66.68% of the responders considered planetary health and climate change education highly essential components of the medical curriculum. Conclusions: Climate change is a serious concern, and has a severe impact on ecosystems and human health. Medical students must be aware of the role that climate change plays in disease pathophysiology, and act as agents of dissemination of climate education and planetary health.

Knowledge and Attitude of Undergraduate Health Professions Students towards Hepatitis B and C.

The current study sought to establish the attitude and knowledge level of medical science students in Tibah University towards hepatitis B and C. A cross-sectional study involving 369 students drawn from the faculties of medicine, dentistry, applied medical sciences, pharmacy, nursing, and medical rehabilitation sciences was conducted where a standardised questionnaire was used to determine the attitude and knowledge level of undergraduate students drawn from the college of medicine in Tibah University, Saudi Arabia, regarding viral infections. With a mean of 0.71, 0.69, and 0.66 and a standard deviation (SD) of 0.24, 0.34, and 0.24 for virology and transmission, symptoms and clinical outcomes, and treatment and prevention, respectively, the knowledge level of the health professions students towards hepatitis B and C infections was significant. The knowledge level about the infections was higher among male students than among female students. Similarly, students in their final years of medical school had significantly higher knowledge levels about hepatitis B and C than their counterparts in their first years of medical school. There was also a positive correlation between the attitude of the health professions students towards the disease and their knowledge levels of the disease. Findings indicate that enhanced instruction on the nature, virology, transmission, symptoms, treatment, clinical outcomes, and prevention of hepatitis B and C can help improve the knowledge levels and attitude of the health professions students towards the disease and its management.

Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Organ Donation in Undergraduate Medical Students of District Peshawar, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa

Background: Organ transplant can serve as a lifesaving option for end-stage organ failure. Worldwide, with growing number of cases of organ failure, both the need &amp; demand for the donation of organs has also increased.Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and explore attitude of undergraduate medical students of Peshawar towards organ donation.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 4th &amp; 5th year students of a Public and Private Medical Colleges of Peshawar, KPK from January to April 2018. The 350 participants were approached through convenient sampling method. The data were collected through self-administered validated questionnaire. The data analysis was done for descriptive statistics on SPSS 21.Results: Out of 350 participants, 324 (93%) students have filled out the questionnaire. Only 210 (64.8%) of the students had adequate cumulative awareness scores while 114 (35.2%) students had inadequate awareness scores regarding organ donation. Only 12% of the participants were motived positively for organ donation whereas 13% has refused for organ donation. The main reason for not promoting organ donation was found to be religious beliefs corresponding to 48.6%. Statistically significant correlation (P&lt;0.001) was observed between religious beliefs and the attitude regarding organ donation promotion. Conclusion: Though, medical students are found to have adequate knowledge but a gap is found between their knowledge and attitude towards phenomenon of organ donation. Effective actions are required to improve the awareness regarding organ donation in young doctors and medical students to translate their knowledge into definite actions. This requires modification in our educational system with the involvement of social media and religious scholars. Keywords: Attitude, Knowledge, Medical students, Organ donation, Transplantation,

Attitudes of undergraduate medical students toward patients’ safety in Jordan: a multi-center cross-sectional study

BackgroundPatient safety practices are crucial in healthcare as they aim to reduce harm, medical errors, and ensure favorable outcomes for patients. Therefore, this study aims to examine the attitudes towards patient safety among undergraduate medical students in Jordanian medical schools.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students. Participants completed the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire- III (APSQ-III), which examines students’ attitudes in 26 items distributed in nine domains. Results are represented as mean ± standard deviation for all participants and subgroups.ResultsOur study included 1226 medical students. They reported positive attitudes toward patient safety with a mean score of 4.9 (SD ± 0.65). Participants scored the highest score in “Working hours as error cause” followed by “Team functioning”. Gender, academic-year, and first-generation student status had a significant association with certain patient safety domains. Females scored significantly higher than males in four domains, while males scored higher in one domain. First-generation medical students had a significantly lower score for “Professional incompetence as error cause”. Interestingly, pre-clinical students recorded more positive attitudes in “Patient safety training received” and “Disclosure responsibility” domains.ConclusionUndergraduate medical students in Jordan demonstrated positive attitudes towards patient safety concepts. Our study provides baseline data to improve current educational programs and enhance the patient safety culture among medical students. Additional studies are needed to delve into actual attitudes toward patient safety and to assess how educational programs contribute to the cultivation of this culture.

Физическая культура и спорт как средства развития социальной инициативности обучающихся

The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of the development of social initiative of the individual in the modern realities of Russian society; it is proved that students are characterized by the highest social activity, and an educational organization, representing various types of educational and extracurricular activities (innovative, research, social, sports, creative, etc.), has the potential to develop flexible Soft Skills: communicative, organizational and leadership. The content characteristics of a socially initiative personality are defined, including activity, responsibility, performance; the concept of “social initiative” is considered. Based on the results of a survey on the problem under study (sample – 2.130 respondents), the attitude of medical students to social activity as an activity capable of transforming society and themselves, to leadership and initiative necessary for success was identified; relevant and in-demand types of social practices (event volunteering, physical education and sports, near-sports communities, tourism, etc.) were revealed. The authors have proposed the most interesting social projects and programs for the student community in order to form a social experience.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical Faculty Intern Students in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension: A Cross-sectional Study

Objective: Hypertension is an important public health problem with high morbidity and mortality and seen in approximately 1 in 3 people all over the world. Hypertension can cause direct or indirect labor losses, but despite this, awareness in the society remains at low levels. This research was conducted to examine the awareness of hypertension in newly graduated medical school students.&#x0D; &#x0D; Methods: There search is across-sectional descriptive study. The population of the study consisted of 55 students studying in the last year of XXX University Faculty of Medicine. For the study, a questionnaire consisting of 26 questions was sent to the students electronically (Google forms), which was prepared by there searcher and questioned the presence of hypertension risk factors in the participants, the knowledge and attitudes of the participants about the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: 96,3% (n=53) of 55 people were reached. 43.4% (n=23) of the participants were female and 56.6% (n=30) were male. When the risk factors in the Turkish Hypertension Consensus Report were questioned among the participants, it was seen that the most common risk factor was having a stressful personality with 66% (n=35). 34% (n=18) of the participants had not had their blood pressure measured in the last 6 months. Only 3.8% (n=2) stated that they could completely manage a hypertension patient with their current knowledge. It was seen that the average of correct answers given by the participants to 6 information questions about hypertension was 3.55±1.21.&#x0D; Conclusion: Although the theoretical knowledge of the participants is partially sufficient, it is a situation that should be questioned well what makes them think that they cannot follow up hypertension patients. This may be due to the fact that medical faculties do not give as much importance to practical education as theoretical courses. More emphasis should be placed on the follow-up of common diseases such as hypertension in medical education, and students should be trained on routine practical approaches.

Exploring the attitudes of general medical students toward older adult’s care in a lower middle-income country: implications for medical education

ObjectiveThe motivation for this study stemmed from the growing population of older adults and the increasing demand for healthcare professionals who possess the necessary skills and knowledge to provide quality care to this demographic. By exploring the attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs of medical students towards older adult care, the study aimed to identify gaps in their training and areas where improvements can be made to better equip them for this critical aspect of healthcare.MethodThis study was a qualitative thematic analysis. The participants of this research were selected from among the general medicine internship students of Iran University of Medical Sciences by purposive sampling method. In-depth individual semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Sampling continued until data saturation. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Using this approach, the analysis of the data became more adaptable and open-ended, free from the restrictions of pre-existing theoretical frameworks. MAXQDA 22 was used to analyze qualitative data.ResultsA total of 27 medical students were interviewed semi-structured, and audio files were transcribed immediately after the interview. In the process of reading the interviews carefully and separating the conceptual units into codes, 167 primary codes were obtained, and these codes were divided into five main categories under the title of root factors after constant comparison analysis. Five main themes are including discrimination in service delivery, a lack of inter-professional training, interpersonal communication skills, inadequate infrastructure and human resources, and enhancing attitudes towards older person care through experiential learning.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the attitudes and perceptions of medical students toward older adult care in a lower-middle-income country. The findings reveal that there are significant gaps in their training and preparation for providing quality care to this demographic profile. The four main categories identified as root factors highlight key areas where improvements can be made in medical education. It is recommended that medical schools in low and middle-income countries consider incorporating these themes into their curricula to better equip future healthcare professionals with the necessary skills and knowledge to provide quality care to older adults.

Smoking prevalence and attitudes of medical students as potential role models in tobacco control in Istanbul, Türkiye

ABSTRACT Background Medical students are potential role models for the community in tobacco control. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence and dynamics of tobacco smoking among their grades. Methods A questionnaire prepared in cooperation with the “World Health Organization” was completed online by 697 medical students in 2020 as a randomized cross-sectional study covering all medical school grades. Results The prevalence of smoking among pre-grade 1 students was 3.3%, while it was 23% in grade-6. The highest prevalence was 31% in grade-2. Of the 135 current smokers, 43% smoked their first cigarette in medical school. “Having smoker best friends” was the most critical factor in starting smoking. Of current smokers, 59.3% want to quit. Only 20.7% of students who tried to quit smoking received professional help. Students took only a 1-hour lecture on tobacco control in the first two years. Conclusion While there was almost no smoking in pre-grade 1, the high prevalence seen in grade-2 indicates that psychosocial support mechanisms and tobacco control lectures should be developed to prevent students. University administrations should implement adequate programs and increase awareness that will lead to a reduction in diseases in the student population and thus in the general population.

A Study on the Attitude and Perception of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Students Regarding Post-MBBS Compulsory Service Bond in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background To increase the availability of doctors in the public healthcare delivery system, the state government of Uttar Pradesh, India, has implemented a two-year compulsory service bond since 2018. Students of the 2018 batch are going to complete their Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) in 2023 and are supposed to serve through this bond. There are many dilemmas in the minds of medical students regarding their compulsory service bond. Hence, there is a need to know their attitude and perceptions regarding the compulsory service bond. This study was conducted to assess the attitude and perception of undergraduate medical students toward compulsory service bonds. Methods This was a mixed-method study conducted in July-September 2022 among undergraduate medical students at Baba Raghav Das Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. For quantitative data, a structured questionnaire was developed using Google Forms (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States) and circulated via WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc., Menlo Park, California, United States) through the random sampling method. Focused group discussions were carried out to collect the qualitative data. Result Regarding the compulsory service bond after MBBS, 100 (31.8%) medical students were found to be interested and 56 (17.8%) were disinterested. The majority (n=158; 50.4%) of participants were neutral, while 278 (88.6%) medical students perceived it as an opportunity to help poor people. Higher possibilities of social recognition and respectwere some noticeable perceptions of 243 (77.4%) MBBS students. Lack of confidenceto tackle serious cases without a senior doctor's supervision was perceived as an important hurdle by 286 (91%) participants. Non-availability of advanced medical facilities, issues like the safety of doctors, and the lack of availability of electricity, roads, and infrastructure were also perceived as hurdles. Conclusions and recommendations Students perceived thecompulsory service bond as an opportunity if met with certain conditions like a transparent method of posting and basic facilities or an incentive for accommodation and transportation. The compulsory service bond for addressing the shortfall of doctors in the public healthcare delivery system may be more effective if these hurdles are corrected and certain opportunities are met, as mentioned in the present study. This will help the government move smoothly towards achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

Knowledge, Attitude, and Barriers Toward Deceased Organ Donation Among Health Care Professionals and Medical Students in Southern Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Knowledge and attitude of health care professionals and medical students are crucial to promoting positive outcomes of organ donation. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and attitudes of health care professionals and medical students on organ donation in Southern Saudi Arabia. We conducted a cross-sectional study of consented tertiary hospital health care professionals (n = 200) (group A) and medical students (n = 200) (group B) in Southern Saudi Arabia from December 2022 to April 2023. Anonymous questionnaires in aGoogle form were sentto participants via WhatsApp. The study questionnaire consisted of 3 sections: sociodemographic information, knowledge toward organ donation, and attitude toward organ donation. Both groups had adequate knowledge on organ donation and brain death concepts, but this knowledge was not reflected in willingness to donate among the groups. Among people surveyed, 65% of group A and 45% of group B (P < .001) noted willingness to donate their organs, even to relatives. However, only 22% of group A and 14% of group B were registered as donors. The most common reasons for refusal in both groups were lack of knowledge about donation, fear of body disfigurement after death, and religious factor. Among the health care professionals (group A), although consultants knew more about the donation process, residents had more positive attitudes and motivation for donation. For groups A and B, the primary sources of information were the internet and social media. Attitudes of medical students and health care personnel toward organ donation were positive, although they were generally reluctantto donate their organs. This study repeats the need for education interventions that should stress the importance of donation, brain death irreversibility, national legal regulations for organ donation, the compatibility of organ donation with religious values, and the explanation of inaccurate beliefs.

Assessment of HPV Vaccine Knowledge Levels Among Medical Faculty Students: A Comprehensive Examination in the Turkish Context

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to measure medical students' knowledge, attitudes, and future professional intentions regarding HPV and its vaccines. This study aims to identify the factors that impact these variables within Turkey's distinctive sociocultural and healthcare landscapes. The insights derived from data analysis can be employed to guide focused educational interventions, aiming to enhance HPV vaccination rates and mitigate HPV-related health outcomes in Turkey. Material and Methods: Carried out between November and December 2022, this study employed a descriptive and comparative research design to evaluate HPV-related knowledge, attitudes, and intentions among 687 medical students enrolled in the Medical Faculty of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University. A comprehensive 20-question survey was administered, covering demographic details, HPV awareness, and attitudes towards vaccination, followed by statistical analysis. Results: The study population exhibited a mean age of 20.6 years and was predominantly female (60.1%). Overall, 91.6% of the participants were aware of HPV, primarily through their medical education (52.1%) and social media (42.3%). However, only 3.5% of the patients were vaccinated against HPV. Factors influencing vaccine uptake included having close contacts diagnosed with HPV or cervical cancer (p=0.001), gender (p=0.01 for females, p=0.02 for males), and prior HPV awareness (p=0.03). Significant misconceptions existed, notably regarding HPV's association with specific cancers and the vaccine's inclusion in the regular schedule. Conclusions: According to our study, medical students' attitudes and knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccination are critically important for future healthcare providers and policymakers. HPV-related cancers beyond cervical cancer are poorly understood, and vaccine counselling training is inadequate. Students who had been in close contact with HPV or cervical cancer exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of receiving the vaccine. It is crucial to formulate focused educational strategies that enhance HPV vaccine adherence and provide future medical professionals with the skills to educate patients effectively.

Современное отношение студентов младших курсов медицинского университета к здоровому образу жизни

The article presents the results of a study of the attitude of junior medical university students to the problems of a healthy lifestyle and the factors of its formation. The results of the survey showed that students put the right meaning into the concept of ‘health’, confirming the generally accepted formulation of the term healthy lifestyle. 62±8.68% of the surveyed students called their own health good, but 5±3.89% are constantly taking medications. As the survey showed, these are more often chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and gastrointestinal tract. 77±7.25% of medical students indicated the need to lead a healthy lifestyle, but lack of time and lack of necessary strong-willed qualities sometimes prevent them from leading a healthy lifestyle. The risk factors for their health include stressful situations, more often associated with academic activities and financial difficulties, a violation of the diet or diet. The majority of students surveyed answered that they do not smoke — 87±6.01%, and 93±4.56% of students have never tried narcotic or toxic substances. The interviewed students give a good assessment of the activities of the FGBOU VO KrasSMU n.a. Prof. Voino-Yasenetsky Ministry of Health of Russia to create favorable conditions for the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

Level of Knowledge in Relation to the Attitude of Medical Students About Organ Donation and Transplantation

Level of Knowledge in Relation to the Attitude of Medical Students About Organ Donation and Transplantation

The Relationship between Disaster Knowledge and Disaster Preparedness Attitudes in Medical Students of Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Introduction: The incidence of natural disasters worldwide is increasing and unpredictable. As one of the high-risk disaster countries, good knowledge and disaster preparedness in Indonesia residence are needed to reduce the risk of a disaster. As agents of change, students should have competent skills in disaster situations. This study aims to determine the relationship between disaster knowledge and disaster preparedness attitudes among medical students at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo (UNG).Method: This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design and uses a total sampling technique on active UNG medical students during the research period. The research was conducted at the UNG Faculty of Medicine from September to November 2022. The research instrument used a questionnaire that had been used in previous studies. The independent variable is disaster knowledge, while the dependent variable is disaster preparedness attitudes. Bivariate analysis was carried out using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between the two variables.Results: Of the 208 respondents, most have a high level of disaster knowledge of 81.7%. The description of disaster preparedness attitudes shows that most respondents have a good attitude towards disaster preparedness, namely 52.4%. There is no significant relationship between disaster knowledge and preparedness attitudes (p-value 0.160).Conclusion: There is no relationship between disaster knowledge and disaster preparedness attitudes among UNG medical students. It is hoped that the institution will continue to develop disaster education so that students can have better disaster knowledge and be able to deal with disaster situations. Key words: Attitude, disaster, knowledge, preparedness

Attitude of Romanian Medical Students and Doctors toward Business Ethics: Analyzing the Influence of Sex, Age, and Ethics Education.

This study investigated the attitude of Romanian medical students and doctors toward business ethics by measuring the preference for a particular ethical philosophy, namely, the preference for Machiavellianism, moral objectivism, social Darwinism, ethical relativism, and legalism. At the same time, this study aimed to explore the influence of sex, age, and ethics education on the attitude toward business ethics. The data collection was performed using a voluntary self-administered online survey including the Attitudes Toward Business Ethics Questionnaire (ATBEQ) instrument. Our findings show that the values based on which Romanian medical students and doctors make business decisions belong predominantly to the moral objectivism philosophy, which is grounded on rational actions based on a set of objective moral standards.