Medical Examination Of Patients Research Articles

The role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and clinical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis among the population of the Republic of Belarus

Objective. To evaluate the role of medical and organizational measures in improving the quality of early detection and medical examination of autoimmune thyroiditis in the population of the Republic of Belarus.Materials and methods. The data of population statistics and the State register of persons affected by the Chernobyl catastrophe and other accidents on cases of thyroid pathology, as well as outpatient records of patients were analyzed. Epidemiological, statistical and sociological methods were used.Results. It was noted that different clinical and laboratory variants of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) are encountered in clinical practice. Subclinical AIT with sonographic signs of the disease but without diagnostic concentrations of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AB/TPO) and disturbances of its function is registered in 14.1 (6.0-24.4) %. AIT with diagnostic concentrations of autoantibodies to AB/TPO, with preserved thyroid function or hypothyroidism occurs in 22.5 (13.534.0) % of the cohort subjects. The frequency of combining AIT with nodular neoplasms of the thyroid increased by the 4th stage of screening and reached 20.7 (11.2-33.4) %.The reasons for different approaches to diagnosis were analyzed and measures to improve organizational and medical measures for early detection and dispensary treatment of patients with AIT were proposed: groups of persons at high risk of AIT and primary hypothyroidism (PHT) were identified, an algorithm for early detection and dispensary treatment was developed, etc.Conclusion. When making a decision to improve the quality of medical care to the population of the Republic of Belarus on early detection and medical examination of patients with AIT, it is necessary to take into account the timeliness of thyroid status studies in the population, compliance with the terms of dynamic observation for persons at high risk of AIT and PHT development, peculiarities of clinical and laboratory variants of AIT course.

Importance of Hospital Furniture in Modern Medical Facilities

Hospital furniture is an essential part of medical care for hospitals. It includes trolleys, side screens and beds to name just a few. Medical devices alongside modern furnishings have played an important role within health care ever since its inception. Hospital Furniture is one thing that every hospital must possess. The hospitals are committed to ensuring that patients feel comfortable and safe during their treatments, which is why they use advanced furniture technology in all their clinical settings. Medical examination of patients is a crucial part in diagnosing them, and ICU hospital furniture helps to ensure the safety for critical ill people. Clinical furnishings thus have immense variety applications which can be found at any medical facility. Hospital furniture is a necessary and important part of any healthcare system. It can make or break the quality care patients receive while hospitalized, so its design must be top notch. From beds to stretchers, even medical carts, there are numerous types that each has their own specific purpose in mind for hospital use which will help you provide comfort as well maintain safety on both sides with ease. Furniture is essential for creating a comfortable and welcoming environment. It’s also necessary to ensure that furniture can be easily maintained, as well as being durable enough so it lasts through years of use without showing too much wear or tear from normal usage by patients in your hospital facility. The right medical supplier will help to me et al. these needs with their wide variety products available on the market today including: office chairs (especially those designed specifically towards hospitals), tables made especially low height spaces like examining rooms where people may want extra space around them when sitting down but not folded up completely against wall.

Development of Color Blindness Test Application Using Ishihara Template at Rumbai Public Health Center

This research addresses the problem of color blindness testing at Puskesmas Rumbai which serves color blindness checks using printed books. The colors in the book became less clear as time went on. Therefore, this research makes a digital color blindness examination as part of the application for obtaining a certificate of health. The resulting application is named SIP SEHAT which stands for Aplikasi Pelayanan Surat Keterangan Kesehatan. This application was developed using prototyping method approach. There are 3 categories of users of this application, namely the registration section, doctor or nurse, and administration section. The registration section inputs the identity of the patient who will perform the examination. Meanwhile, doctors or nurses carry out examinations and medical examinations of patients who come. Color blindness test is one of the features found in doctors or nurses. Patients independently answer 24 Ishihara templates that appear on the application. Based on the answers from the patient, the application will display the color blindness test results, whether including total color blindness, partial color blindness, or not color blindness. The administration section prints a certificate of a patient who has performed an examination and gets a recapitulation of health examination reports per month. The application has been tested with 3 types of testing, namely accuracy testing, correctness testing, and usability testing. Based on these three tests, it can be concluded that this application is ready for use by the Puskesmas Rumbai to serve the processing of certificates of health. Based on service process analysis, this application makes the process of managing a health certificate making more efficient by 42.86%.

Long-term complications after injuries of the male genitalia (results of a retrospective analysis)

Genital injuries in men were most common among young people aged 18 to 45 (62.5 %). This is a group of able-bodied people and people who plan to have children. This makes this problem socially significant. Evaluation of the results and outcomes of treatment of injuries of the scrotum and penis should be carried out in a comprehensive manner. The assessment should assess the clinical component, radiation methods (ultrasound, ultrasound dopplerography, urethrocystography), disorders of spermatogenesis (spermogram), quality of life. The frequency of occurrence and severity of violations in all the designated groups of criteria for injuries of the scrotum organs correlate with the main assessment criteria – the degree of damage, the duration of the injury. The article presents the results of long-term consequences in patients after injuries of the genitals in men. The article also presents recommendations for the treatment of patients after injuries of the genitals in men, rehabilitation methods and recommendations for the medical examination of patients who have suffered injuries of the male genitals.

Intellectual System of Preparation of Images from Computer Tomographs

Artificial neural networks can be trained on useful signals of the source data, but can not be taught on noisy data, so it is usually performed noise reduction or error compensation. This paper implements a noise reduction model based on artificial neural networks to suppress high-noise components, which is important for optimizing pre-filtering methods. The process of cleaning computers’ tomography scans in medical examinations of patients with tuberculosis is considered as an given problem in which the suppression of noise present in the image is required.. In order to reduce the level of radiation due to it is quite harmful to human. the power of the radiation is reduced. As a result, the ratio of the useful signal to noise is reduced, which causes noise, which contaminates the image and complicates its processing. Additional shadows appears on the image that no objects exist, which can provide false diagnosis. An algorithm for structural-parametric synthesis of convolutional neural networks used in image noise suppression has been developed. Computer tomograms of tuberculosis patients provided by the Research Institute of Pulmonology and Tuberculosis of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine were used as a training sample.

NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE I AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA: A CLINICAL OBSERVATION.

The aim - to consider the etiopathogenesis, the main clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria of NF1, and present a clinical case from their practice. The paper analyzes the research findings in recent publications, focused on the studied issue using the methods of continuous sampling, synthesis and generalization, bibliosemantic evaluation and content analysis. In order to attract the attention of family physicians, neurologists, dermatologists, ophthalmologists, surgeons and other specialists, we present our own clinical observation of NF1. The patient was examined using the methods of neurological examination, as well as other laboratory and instrumental methods of research. Early diagnosis and medical examination of patients with NF1 is crucial for predicting and improving the quality of life of patients. NF1 is a complex disease where the cooperation of doctors of different specialties is important. A favorable prognosis for patients is associated with the possibility of early diagnosis of malignant transformation and timely treatment.

Early diagnosis of colon polyps during medical examination of patients with risk factors

Early diagnosis of colon polyps during medical examination of patients with risk factors

Autoimmune thyroiditis: organizational and medical measures for early detection in the Republic of Belarus

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of conducted organizational and medical measures for early detection and medical examination of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in the regions of the Republic of Belarus and to develop measures to enhance them.Materials and methods. Data on the incidence rates of AIT and primary hypothyroidism (PGT) in the Republic of Belarus from 1997 to 2017 were analyzed, data of a sociological study were presented and patients` records were analyzed. Epidemiological and sociological methods were used.Results. In the Republic of Belarus, two organizational and medical approaches to early diagnosis of AIT have been developed. The study has found a low competence level among therapists (general practitioners) of the Brest and Gomel regions and showed the absence of patients with AIT at Gomel Regional Endocrinological Dispensary even if there is a pathognomonic ultrasound picture and a high level of AT-TPO titer, which indicates that the incidence is undercounted.Conclusion. As a result of the performed study, the algorithm for organizational and medical measures has been developed and implemented for early detection and clinical examination of AIT patients aimed at PGT prevention.

Late and long-term local complications of burn injury

Purpose of the study was determining late and long-term complications of burn injury and frequency of meeting. A reviewed of Russian and foreing literature was made. This is the result of an study of 98 patients, who were send to hospital for treatment of scar for 3 years. The most common late and long-term local complications: contractures (76,5%), trophic ulcers (7,1%), allergic dermatitis (9,1%), cancer (4,1%), osteomyelitis (3,1%) were identified. Classification of burn complications is proposed. The analysis revealed organizational and methodological problems in the ambulance section. The necessity of creating a system base for medical examination of patients is substantiated.

THE ROLE OF “CLINICAL PRACTICE” DISCIPLINE IN PREPARATION OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Резюме. Клінічна практика студентів-медиків одна із найважливіших складових професійної підготовки будь-якого спеціаліста і є центральним елементом викладання і вивчення навчальної програми. Клінічна практика з терапії є процесом закріплення теоретичних знань, практичних умінь і навичок, отриманих в процесі навчання студента, і формування універсальних та професійних компетенцій майбутнього лікаря-терапевта, сімейного лікаря, лікаря загальної практики, тобто набуття досвіду у вирішенні реальних професійних завдань.
 На кафедрі внутрішньої медицини №2 та медсестринства із 2020-2021 навчального року введена вибіркова дисципліна «Клінічна практика в терапії» для студентів 5 курсу медичного факультету (спеціальність «лікувальна справа», «педіатрія»). Клінічна практика в терапії складається із трьох змістових модулів: «Основні методи обстеження та діагностики в кардіології», «Особливості обстеження та діагностики в ревматології, гастроентерології, нефрології. Діагностика основних інфекційних хворіб», «Клінічна практика в пульмонології, ендокринології, гематології».
 На практичних заняттях велика увага приділяється виконанню практичних навичок і умінню розв’язувати ситуаційні задачі. Студенти вдосконалюють свої навички з фізикального обстеження всіх органів і систем та встановлюють ступінь їх порушення, навчаються реєстрації електрокардіограми, проводити серцево-легеневу реанімацію, пікфлуометрію, аспірацію кісткового мозку, інтерпретувати результати лабораторних та інструментальних методів дослідження, обґрунтовувати та формулювати попередній діагноз, призначити лікування і вибрати подальший маршрут пацієнта залежно від діагностованої патології.

ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ПАЦИЕНТАМ С ВЫСОКИМ КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНЫМ РИСКОМ НА ПРИМЕРЕ БРЕСТСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (ЧАСТЬ 1)

In order to substantiate organizational measures for early detection and tertiary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the causal relationships of high morbidity, disability, and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease and its complications were studied in the population of the Brest region in the period from 2006 to 2010. Measures to improve the organization of preventive medical examination of patients from cardiovascular risk groups with prognostically unfavorable outcomes were suggested. Through the implementation of an organizational experiment in 2012-2017, it was possible to achieve a positive medical and social effect, expressed in increasing the availability of multi-level and high-tech care to patients in need, as well as in improving the medical and demographic indicators of the Brest region in general and in the diseases of the circulatory system in particular, which formed the basis of the second part of this article.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ И ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТА ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ПАЦИЕНТАМ С ВЫСОКИМ КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНЫМ РИСКОМ НА ПРИМЕРЕ БРЕСТСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (ЧАСТЬ 2)

The article shows how organizational measures were implemented to improve the organization of medical examinations of patients from cardiovascular risk groups with prognostically unfavorable outcomes on the example of the Brest region. By studying the health indicators of the region's population before and after implementation, the paper analyzes the effectiveness of new organizational technologies. It is established that due to the adopted preventive measures at each territorial site and monitoring the patient's route through databases from the district to the regional level of care, there is a decrease in the cardiovascular primary incidence, including coronary heart disease, with a significant decrease in the rate of acute conditions (acute coronary syndrome). The increase in prevalence indicates increased monitoring of all patients with circulatory diseases and coronary heart disease who were invited for conducting dynamic follow-up (dispensarization) in order to stratify the risks of their complications. Keywords: cardiovascular risk, Brest region, organizational technologies, medical examination, morbidity

Возможности цитологической диагностики в диспансеризации пациентов с предопухолевыми заболеваниями слизистой оболочки рта с учетом их распространенности в Витебской области с 2014 по 2019 гг.

Возможности цитологической диагностики в диспансеризации пациентов с предопухолевыми заболеваниями слизистой оболочки рта с учетом их распространенности в Витебской области с 2014 по 2019 гг.

Particularities of data mining in medicine: lessons learned from patient medical time series data analysis

Nowadays, large amounts of data are generated in the medical domain. Various physiological signals generated from different organs can be recorded to extract interesting information about patients’ health. The analysis of physiological signals is a hard task that requires the use of specific approaches such as the Knowledge Discovery in Databases process. The application of such process in the domain of medicine has a series of implications and difficulties, especially regarding the application of data mining techniques to data, mainly time series, gathered from medical examinations of patients. The goal of this paper is to describe the lessons learned and the experience gathered by the authors applying data mining techniques to real medical patient data including time series. In this research, we carried out an exhaustive case study working on data from two medical fields: stabilometry (15 professional basketball players, 18 elite ice skaters) and electroencephalography (100 healthy patients, 100 epileptic patients). We applied a previously proposed knowledge discovery framework for classification purpose obtaining good results in terms of classification accuracy (greater than 99% in both fields). The good results obtained in our research are the groundwork for the lessons learned and recommendations made in this position paper that intends to be a guide for experts who have to face similar medical data mining projects.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СТАТУСА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ

Subject. In the modern world, the prevalence of cancer is growing every year, in this regard, this pathology is one of the most pressing problems in medicine. There is no doubt that malignant neoplasms have a complex interaction with the body. The General mechanisms of occurrence and progression of the tumor process are intensively studied, and to date, a huge amount of material on molecular and clinical Oncology has been accumulated, it is used in related disciplines. 
 The most important sections of dentistry are the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the mucous membrane. Often, clinical manifestations in the oral cavity are one of the first symptoms indicating a General somatic disease. This article covers the study of the dental status of patients with different localizations of cancer.
 Objective ― to study the incidence of dental diseases of patients with cancer.
 Methodology. To conduct a study medical examination of patients with different localizations of cancer was held to determine dental: the definition of DMF-Index, PMA-index, Parodontal Index, and the condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and periodontal tissues. Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy, patients who refused to participate in the survey were excluded from the survey.
 Results. The study included 526 patients. The predominance of certain types of dental diseases among patients with a particular cancer pathology was revealed.
 Conclusions. Our study showed that all patients had decompensated forms of caries. The most common dental diseases combined with cancer are hyperplasia filiform papillae (K14.3), the "geographic" language (K14.1). Periodontal disease occurred in 69,5 % of cases among cancer patients.

The Relationship Between Self-assessed Health Condition and Depression Trajectory of Older Adults with Chronic Diseases

본 연구는 만성질환 고령자의 주관적 건강상태의 변화가 우울의 변화에 미치는 영향을 건강검진 이용수준을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서는 한국고용정보원이 실시한 고령화연구패널조사 (KLoSA) 1차~6차까지의 자료를 활용하였으며, 1차년도에서 만성질환이 1개라도 있다고 응답한 중고령자를 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 만성질환이 1개라도 있는 중고령자 2,174명을 대상으로 하였으며, 연구목적을 위하여 잠재성장모형을 활용하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 만성질환자의 우울은 시간의 경과에 따라 감소하였으며, 초기 우울을 높게 지각할수록 시간의 경과에 따라 우울은 천천히 감소하였다. 둘째, 만성질환자의 주관적 건강상태는 시간의 경과에 따라 부정적으로 생각하는 경향이 높았으며, 초기 주관적 건강상태를 좋지 않다고 지각할수록 시간의 경과에 따라 주관적 건강에 대한 부정적 인식이 상대적으로 천천히 증가하였다. 셋째, 시간의 흐름에 따라 주관적 건강상태를 긍정적으로 생각하는 폭이 커질수록, 우울은 가파르게 하락하였 다. 넷째, 시간이 지남에 따라 건강검진을 많이 받을수록 부정적 주관적 건강상태의 감소속도가 느리게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 만성질환자의 심리적 안녕과 건강검진과의 관계를 종단적으로 확인하고, 이들의 심리적 안녕을 위한 정책 마련에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.The purpose of this study is to look at the impact of changes in the self-assessed health condition of older adults chronic disease patients on the changes in depression, focusing on the utilization of medical examination. This study utilizes the 1st to 6th data of Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging(KLoSA), which was conducted by the Korea Employment Information Service. The study was conducted on older adults who responded that they have one of the chronic diseases in the Year1. This study is conducted on 2,714 older adults with at least one chronic disease and latent growth model analysis was used to handle the purpose of this research. The major research results are as follows. First, the depression of chronic disease patients decreases as time passes and the higher the recognition of one’s depression in initial score, than the slower the depression decreases as time passes. Second, chronic disease patients tend to be more negative on their self-assessed health condition of chronic disease as time elapses. Those who recognized their self-assessed health condition as bad in the initial score, the negative recognition on their self-assessed health condition improves relatively slowly. Third, the more positive thoughts on the self-assessed health condition as time passes, the more rapidly decrease depression. Fourth, the more medical examination, the slower decrease in the negative recognition on the self-assessed health condition. This study intend to confirm the relationship between psychological well being and medical examination of patients with chronic diseases based on longitudinal approach, and to provide the foundation for establishing policies to improve the psychological well being of chronic disease patients.

Determination of proteins in blood. Part 3: Systematization of methods for the determination of protein compounds in blood

The review presents a chronological development of procedures for determining the concentrations of total protein and albumin; total concentration of globulins; concentrations of subfractions, classes, and subclasses of globulins; and total concentrations of globulin subclasses in human blood. A brief overview of these procedures and the results of their comparative tests in medical examination of patients are given. The considered procedures are systematized; their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. It is noted that procedures for measuring the concentration of total protein, albumin, and globulin classes in plasma, serum, and whole blood are widely used in modern clinical diagnostic laboratories when performing routine assays. The concentrations of globulin subclasses and total concentrations of globulin subclasses in blood are mainly determined in biomedical research. Procedures for measuring the concentration of total globulins and globulin subfractions in plasma and serum are of historical importance and now are barely applied in clinical and diagnostic laboratories.

Determination of proteins in blood. Part 2: Determination of globulins

The review presents the chronological development of procedures for determining the concentrations of total protein and albumin; total concentration of globulins; concentrations of subfractions, classes, and subclasses of globulins; and total concentrations of globulin subclasses in human blood. A brief overview of these procedures and the results of their comparative tests in medical examination of patients are given. The considered procedures are systematized; their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. It is noted that procedures for measuring the concentration of total protein, albumin, and globulin classes in plasma, serum, and whole blood are widely used in modern clinical diagnostic laboratories when performing routine assays. The concentrations of globulin subclasses and total concentrations of globulin subclasses in blood are mainly determined in biomedical research. Procedures for measuring the concentration of total globulins and globulin subfractions in plasma and serum are of historical importance and now are barely applied in clinical and diagnostic laboratories.

Determination of proteins in blood. Part 1: Determination of total protein and albumin

The review presents a chronological development of procedures for determining the concentrations of total protein and albumin; total concentration of globulins; concentrations of subfractions, classes, and subclasses of globulins; and total concentrations of globulin subclasses in human blood. A brief overview of these procedures and the results of their comparative tests in medical examination of patients are given. The considered procedures are systematized; their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. It is noted that procedures for measuring the concentration of total protein, albumin, and globulin classes in plasma, serum, and whole blood are widely used in modern clinical diagnostic laboratories when performing routine assays. The concentrations of globulin subclasses and total concentrations of globulin subclasses in blood are mainly determined in biomedical research. Procedures for measuring the concentration of total globulins and globulin subfractions in plasma and serum are of historical importance and now are barely applied in clinical and diagnostic laboratories.

An analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of multiple sclerosis in the Republic of Ingushetia

To determine epidemiological characteristics and factors related to the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the population of the Republic of Ingushetia in 2013-2016. A study was carried out in several clinical settings of the Republic of Ingushetia. A special medical form developed for the study was completed by patients. Medical examination of patients was performed as well. Statistical methods were used for data analysis. A significant variation of MS prevalence was seen. The mean prevalence rate was low - 13.2 cases of MS per 100 000 of population. It was different in ethnic groups: 13.7 per 100 000 of population in Ingush, 15.2 in Chechen and 45 in the Slavonic population. The incidence of MS was 1.76 per 100 000 population in 2015. Different risk factors of MS, including adverse ecological factors and environmental risk predictors (contact with poisons), and their greater role compared to genetic factors were identified.