Management Of Medical Emergencies Research Articles

GPS Trajectory-Based Spatio-Temporal Variations of Traffic Accessibility under Public Health Emergency Consideration

Medical services are essential to public concerns and living qualities. Facing new public health events, the spatio-temporal variation of healthcare accessibility can be different, which is ignored in the previous accessibility studies. In this paper, we study the spatio-temporal variation of healthcare accessibility and residents’ accessibility to the designated hospitals under public health emergencies such as COVID-19. Metropolitan Beijing is chosen as the study area. Then, we analyze the spatial disparity and the temporal variation and measure the matching degree between healthcare accessibility and population density. From the perspective of epidemic prevention, we evaluate the medical capacity of the designated hospitals. The autocorrelation method is used to analyze the spatial correlation of residents’ accessibility to designated hospitals in the study area. A conclusion can be drawn that 74.14% grids in the study area have proportionate population density and healthcare accessibility. We find that the 5th Medical Center has sufficient medical resources, and Puren hospital is less affected by time. Moreover, the result of residents’ accessibility to the designated hospitals presents a pattern of high-value aggregation in the arterial road neighborhood. At the same time, the peripheral areas show a trend of low-value aggregation. The research in healthcare accessibility can provide a reference for policymakers in medical service development and public emergency management.

A retrospective study of medical emergency management in a Health Center in Greece

Ιntroduction: Primary Health Centers face a plethora of emergencies of different nature and severity and it is necessary a decision -whether or not to refer patients to the nearest hospital for further treatment and investigation- to be made.Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the management of emergencies in a HC of regional type near a large urban center.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study. The data of 400 randomly selected patients admitted to the health center with acute conditions during the years 2017-2018 were recorded.Results: Out of all cases examined, 22% were rated as truly medical emergencies and 44% as not; 34% were classified as urgent; 25.9% of patients had arrived within the first hour of onset of symptoms, while 81.7% had already reached within the first 24 hours. Pain and respiratory diseases were the most common problems. In 15% of cases the patient was ambulance-transported to hospital. The proportion of ambulance referral to the nearest hospital was higher in patients with comorbidities (18.8%) than in those without (14.9%); 76% of cases were treated in accordance with evidence-based practice.Conclusions: Despite the significant progress made in treating patients in the community, it is necessary to improve management of non-emergency cases, as well as to improve the procedures for emergencies management in the HCs.

Airway Management with the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) in Emergency Medical Services

Background: Airway management is an important aspect of care in emergency medical services (EMS) used to prevent obstruction of the respiratory track and inadequate oxygenation. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is an easy-to-use supraglottic airway device developed in 1988 that has a high success rate in both adults and children. However, there have yet been no studies regarding LMA use in EMS in Thailand. Objective: To determine the success rate of LMA in EMS and factors associated with successful LMA insertion. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of Srinagarind Hospital EMS patients over 18 years of age who underwent LMA airway management between March 2016 and March 2020. Data were collected from the Srinagarind Hospital EMS operation database and hospital information database system. Results: A total of 154 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 43.1+8.5 years, 89 (57.8%) of whom were male. Non trauma patients accounted for 72.7% of all cases. The average oxygen saturation before and after LMA use were 71.4+12.3% and 94.4+3.2%, respectively (p = 0.022). Students in their first and third year of residency training were able to successfully perform LMA airway management on the first attempt in 83.3% and 98.4% of cases, respectively (p = 0.025). Conclusion: Airway management using the LMA had a high success rate on the first attempt, required less time for insertion than other comparable devices, and resulted in a high level of oxygen saturation. Keywords: Laryngeal mask airway, Emergency medical services, Airway management, Internship and residency

Spatial Analysis of Pre-Hospital Emergency Bases in Disasters in Tehran Province, Iran

INTRODUCTION: Tehran is always exposed to various dangers due to its high population density. A geographic information system (GIS) can be very useful for reducing the financial and human burden caused by accidents, disasters, and diseases. METHODS: This field study was performed using a practical and descriptive research method. The pre-hospital emergency bases in the east of Tehran province and all the emergency bases covered by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in disasters were evaluated as a case study. The population of these cities amounted to 1,149,485 people and included cities in the east of Tehran province, Iran, including Damavand, Firoozkooh, Pakdasht, Pishva, Qarchak, and Varamin. FINDINGS: Rational maps were created and analyzed in the areas where emergency bases were located using ArcGIS software, as well as analysis of regions, distances, point density, and a combination of these factors. Regarding the standards and indicators, it was determined that the Disaster and Emergency Medical Management Center needs to have130 emergency medical technicians, 23 ambulances, and one ambulance bus to equip the exiting emergency bases according to the standard pre-hospital regulations. Other requirements in this regard include the replacement of worn-out ambulances with new ones, construction of two emergency bases in Qarchak, Tehran, Iran, and three emergency bases in Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran, as well as the transfer of bases in the proximity of faults and flood-prone areas to safe places. CONCLUSION: Based on the obtained results, a comprehensive pre-hospital database was designed for the use of managers and officials in the occurrence of accidents, which might be used as a pilot work that can be expanded to other areas of Tehran, Iran, and other provinces in managing disasters and accidents.

Emergency Medical Care and Management of Sports Injuries on the Football Court

Introduction; Sports medicine is a clinical subspecialty that deals with the examination, monitoring, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries that occur during sports events, training and physical activities in pre-hospital settings. Managing dramatic situations with minor and multiple injuries is a challenge that requires a quick approach to a dramatic event in managing minor and multiple injuries on the football field and in other sports in support of SHME at pre-hospital and hospital level.
 Purpose of the paper. Providing emergency medical care at all basic stages of managing minor and multiple injuries on the football field and in other sports in order to implement BLS, ACLS, BTLS, PTLS, ATLS care measures reducing morbidity, disability, and mortality.
 Material and methods. The research is of retrospective, descriptive, qualitative type. The material was taken from the archive of the Emergency Clinic of UCCK for the period January-December 2019. Only the sick or injured in sports matches were taken in the research; Age, gender, type of illness and injury and type of medical care, equipment available, and training and education.
 Result. Sports injuries are very costly, and according to the pathology with diseases were 15 cases or 21.4 %, injuries were 55 cases or 78/6 %. Injured by age. The largest number of injured with injuries in the field of football sports the most affected age was the age of 21-25 years with 28 cases or 40.00%, over 25 years were 27 cases or 38.58% and with a smaller number were aged 15-20 years15 cases or 21.42%.
 Discussion and conclusions. A very important factor in sports injuries is the provision of optimal medical care for footballers and other sports in head, neck, spine, chest, abdomen, and pelvis and limb injuries and with a joint communication with the cooperation of health care professionals in the selection of priority cases. Education of medical staff, nurses, paramedics with courses, use of medical equipment, BLS, ACLS, BTLS, PTLS, ATLS as well as standard procedures for providing and transporting medical care to the hospital.

Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Students Towards Medical Emergencies at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

A medical emergency (ME) in the dental clinic may occur at any time. Although they are usually not life-threatening, they may occasionally lead to serious complications. Assessing patients’ medical history and receiving training in basic life support (BLS) are essential for the prevention and management of emergent medical situations. The diagnosis and management of MEs is an essential part of dental students’ undergraduate curriculum, as dental graduates should be competent in manag

Emergency Medical Care and Management of Sports Injuries On the Football Court

Emergency Medical Care and Management of Sports Injuries On the Football Court

FORMATION OF CRITERIA OF DESIGN AND SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY SITUATION OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER

Olga Prokopenko, Nataliia Sytnyk, Roman Shevchenko FORMATION OF CRITERIA OF DESIGN AND SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY SITUATION OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTER The solution of the problem of increasing the efficiency of application of the mathematical apparatus of resource-critical management of measures of prevention of emergencies of medical-biological character in the conditions of constantly changing information load on anti-crisis management bodies is considered. In the framework of this task, the current state of the issue on the formation of the mathematical apparatus of methods of counteracting emergencies of medical and biological nature is analyzed, taking into account the specifics of the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic. The main parameters of modeling the process of choosing a management strategy for the prevention of medical and biological emergency within the project-system management, which allowed to determine the criteria for project-system management of medical and biological emergency in a constantly changing information load on crisis management. The scheme of organizational structure of the module of management of system of resource-critical management of process of the prevention of an emergency situation of medico-biological character within the limits of interaction of links of the center of crisis management is developed; The obtained results allow, using innovative organizational and technical methods of prevention of emergencies of this nature, to further form a modern method of counteracting emergencies of medical and biological nature, supplementing the above methods with an effective system of crisis management. The proposed author's approach to system-project management of the process of formation and processing of information messages in emergencies of medical and biological nature causes, first, the creation of a fundamentally new scheme of branching and relationships within individual crisis management centers at all levels of subordination and prevention system emergencies in general; secondly, the introduction into the functional field of the system of emergency prevention of medical and biological nature of the module of resource-crisis management of information message, as an element of system-project management, requires a radical revision of approaches to training specialists (managers) in the relevant field. skills and knowledge in the organization and management of complex cyclical information and communication projects Key words: emergency situation, mathematical model, medical and biological danger, anti-crisis management.

Advanced Trauma Life Support training. How useful it is?

For more than 20 years, following the changes that took place in Albania in 1992, we receive information from trauma patients in the media about the delivery of trauma services. Police records are worthy of a war balance report. Trauma is estimated to be the cause of deaths in 13.7% / 100,000 people. Every two days three Albanian Citizens die because of Automobile Accidents…
 Changes have already taken place, but the question arises, who cares about the trauma and its management?
 Formerly and now the state ... ok ... but? Is this enough?
 The Ministry of Health should have a “Trauma Committee” if yes… is it active?
 Already of the three years at the heart of these medical emergency management networks is a National Center of Medical Emergency (NCME).
 The trauma service delivery is now evolving along the lines of a central and spoken model with a concentration of expertise and specialization in the center surrounded by smaller units that feed on the center.
 The study showed a 19% increase in the chances of survival since the introduction of these changes. Another 1,600 trauma victims are alive today due to developments in the administration of trauma patients in England over the past six years.
 In this system or mode of organizing what is today the NCME or organizing the transport of traumatized from the scene to the University Hospital of Trauma... by medical staff who have done a substantial part of the PhTLS® course ... How is the educational status of personal in other regions far from Capital? ATLS® student courses in our country have been implemented by few and individually… ASTES, by default rules, has acquired the right to organize ATLS® in Albania…

Impact of Electronic Medical Record Alerts on Emergency Physician Workflow and Medical Management.

Electronic medical record (EMR) alerts are automated messages that notify the physician of important information. However, little is known about how EMR alerts affect the workflow and decision-making of emergency physicians (EPs). This study aimed to quantify the number of EMR alerts EPs receive, the time required to resolve alerts, the types of alerts EPs receive, and the impact of alerts on patient management. We performed a prospective observational study at a tertiary care ED with 130,000 visits annually. Research assistants observed EPs on shift from May to December 2018. They recorded the number of EMR alerts received, time spent addressing the alerts, the types of alerts received, and queried the EP to determine if the alert impacted patient management. Seven residents and six attending physicians were observed on a total of 17 shifts and 153 patient encounters; 78% (119) of patient encounters involved alerts. These 119 patients triggered 530 EMR alerts. EPs spent a mean of 7.06s addressing each alert and addressed 3.46 alerts per total patient seen. In total, EPs spent approximately 24s per patient resolving alerts. Only 12 alerts (2.26%) changed clinical management. EPs frequently receive EMR alerts, however, most alerts were not perceived to impact patient care. These alerts contribute to the high volume of interruptions EPs must contend with in the clinical environment of the ED.

Schoolchildren with chronic diseases; What are teachers worried about?

IntroductionAs the number of schoolchildren with chronic diseases is constantly increasing, teachers must be aware of this new reality and of the special needs of these children. However, there is very little information about the knowledge, skills, and concerns of teachers when faced with a possible urgent situation that could occur in a child with a chronic disease. For this reason, this study has been conducted. MethodsAn anonymous questionnaire with simple questions about seizures, diabetes, anaphylaxis, and basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was completed by 244 primary and secondary school teachers. They subsequently participated in short workshops focused on the management of medical emergencies in relation to these conditions. ResultsThe majority (60%) of the teachers had at least one child in their classroom with a chronic disease, with epilepsy being the most frequent. Their main concern was not knowing how to act in a potentially serious situation. As regards hypoglycaemic crises and anaphylaxis, teachers who had at-risk pupils were not sure if they would be able to use the recommended medication, although they knew how to use it. ConclusionsTeachers of the study were concerned about not knowing what to do in an emergency event in a schoolchild with chronic illness. Although some had received information about the medication to be administered, they were not sure if they would be able to do so. The training and self-confidence of teacher should be improved in order to cope with possible critical situations in schoolchildren with chronic diseases.

Challenges faced by dental professionals during COVID-19- A cross sectional survey

Background: At the time of pandemics like COVID-19, dental professionals being one of the frontline workers must face a lot of challenges in workplace bringing about a lot of anxiety and stress. The purpose of this survey was to assess the physiological well-being of the dental professionals, the majority of challenges faced by them, , how they are dealing with it and what changes in their opinion could be implemented to be prepared in the wake of any future adversity.
 Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional survey via an online questionnaire that was sent to dentists in 4 different countries- India, US, UK, and Iran. The questionnaire comprised of closed ended questions grouped in broad categories of demographics, physiological well-being of dentists, Changes in dental practice during COVID-19 and Changes to be implemented post Covid-19. Descriptive analysis was performed to summarize the data with SPSS-19 software.
 Results: A total of 312 dentists (181 Males and 131 Females) from four countries responded to the study. Most of them (56.4 %) were in the age group of 30 to 40 years, 27.9 % in 25- 30 years, and 7.1% above 50 years. 47.5% dentists reported suffering from stress and anxiety due to the shutting down of their private dental practices. 72.5% dentists reported that they are worried about the operational and financial challenges to run their practice during Covid-19. 60% of the dentists had concerns due to the shortage of personal protective equipment. Most of the dental professionals (73.9%) are of the opinion that management of medical emergencies should be included in the dental curriculum, so that dentists can volunteer their services at the time of crisis and also can be well-prepared to take care of their patients.
 Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, dentists like medical professionals must face a lot of ethical and moral dilemma along with dealing with the operational challenges. The present study draws our attention to the fact that despite having faced pandemics like SARS, health professions like dentistry still need a lot of preparedness and requires modifications to face any such challenges in future.

Use of High-fidelity simulation training for radiology healthcare professionals in the management of acute medical emergencies.

Life-threatening emergencies are relatively uncommon in the radiology department, but when encountered, require timely intervention. With an increasing number of critically unwell patients visiting the radiology department each year for both diagnostic and interventional procedures, it is vital that radiology staff are trained to provide basic resuscitation before further assistance arrives. Simulation training is a well-validated, effective method for rehearsing low-frequency, high-acuity events in a supportive and safe environment. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the introduction of a focussed, multidisciplinary simulation course would improve healthcare professional's knowledge and confidence when managing common medical emergencies; including cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis and airway obstruction. A multidisciplinary group of radiology staff attended a dedicated simulation teaching course. Participants completed a pre- and post-test questionnaire which assessed a range of knowledge domains and their perceived confidence with dealing with the clinical scenarios. The delegates were then asked to repeat this questionnaire 6 months after taking part in the course to assess their retention of skills and knowledge. Knowledge scores increased by a mean difference of 4 points (p < 0.001). The mean pre- and post-course perceived confidence scores were 4.4/10 and 8/10, respectively. This study suggests that embedding simulation training into the radiology curriculum improves healthcare professional's knowledge and perceived confidence when dealing with common medical emergencies. Although previous studies have looked at the use of simulation training for radiology trainees in the management of selected medical emergencies, to the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate these benefits across a range of clinical scenarios, within an interprofessional environment.

Trismus and odontogenic infection - A retrospective study

Odontogenic infections are polymicrobial, consisting of aerobic microorganisms, strict anaerobes and facultative anaerobes. It can either be localised or rapidly spread to the deep neck space causing space infection and need immediate emergency medical and surgical management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of odontogenic infection leading to trismus and its prevalence amongst patients visiting a university dental institution. 63 patients aged between 17 years old to 70 years old, whose details were obtained from the electronic database in Saveetha Dental College and Hospital from June 2019 till May 2020 were included in the study. All 63 patient records were assessed for the details such as age, sex, odontogenic infection type, odontogenic infection sources, space involved, and pain score (VAS). The data were analysed. Results showed that in the odontogenic infection types, pericoronitis has a higher prevalence with 42.9%. The right mandibular third molar is the most prevalent (25.4%) odontogenic infection source. Amongst space involved, Submasseteric space is the most common space infected (42.9%). When the pain score VAS is assessed, patients have a higher VAS score between 6.00 (33.5%) and 8.00 (38.1%), respectively. There is a positive correlation between pericoronitis and mandibular third molar teeth. There is also a positive correlation between pericoronitis and Submasseteric space involvement. In conclusion, our study revealed a positive association between odontogenic infection involving Submasseteric, Submandibular space and painful trismus.

Generating a spatial coverage plan for the emergency medical service on a regional scale: Empirical versus random forest modelling approach

Adequate spatial coverage by the emergency medical service and the ability to reach any location in the area of interest in the shortest possible time are crucial for the survival of patients with serious conditions. Knowledge of blind spots (i.e. sites that cannot be reached within the required time) represents key information for improving the service quality and may lead, e.g. to a relocation of bases or to other active interventions. Spatial coverage can be derived from experience based on historical data. Such an approach may be problematic if a larger area is being analysed, especially if data is not available for some parts of such areas or if no data is available. To eliminate such problems, we created a prediction model utilising the random forest ensemble learning method. The model is capable of predicting the travel time based on available historical data on ambulance movements (GPS) and the geometric and construction characteristics of individual road segments. We therefore collaborated with the regional public administration and emergency medical service authorities to deliver a time- and resource-efficient solution for emergency spatial planning practice. The outputs from the newly built model were subsequently validated against data from an empirical model currently used by the regional authorities. The results from both models were compared from the perspective of performance in various seasonal and time-of-day conditions. The prediction of travel times using the new model improved according to all the evaluated validation metrics. The importance and applicability of the foregoing model lies in the fact that it can be incorporated into the current emergency medical service management system in a simple manner in terms of data availability and the required computational resources. We conclude that the dynamic model presented in this paper represents an improvement relative to the reference data, and discuss the possibilities of further improving the proposed model.

Laser polished fused deposition poly-lactic acid objects for personalized orthopaedic application

Patient-specific surgical guides are increasingly demanded. Material Extrusion (ME) is a popular 3D printing technique to fabricate personalized surgical guides. However, the ME process usually generates deleterious surface topography which is not suitable for orthopaedic emergencies. We designed and optimized parametric combinations of a laser polishing approach as post process to improve the surface quality of ME-made poly-lactic acid (PLA) objects. In this study, we investigated the contribution of processing variables to the mechanical properties and the biocompatibilities in vitro of the ME-made PLA objects. Conventional surface grinding was conducted as comparison. The results demonstrate that the ME-made PLA samples exhibit good mechanical properties and favourable biocompatibility after being post processed using laser polishing. The post laser polishing, as a powerful tool in manufacture of ME-made PLA objects, will open a new approach with a great promise in its applications in personalized and timely management of medical emergencies.

Assessing the Status of Yazd Province Medical Emergency and Accident Management Center in Terms of Necessary Standards for Air Emergencies

Background: Air emergency medical services provide advanced medical care to patients and critically injured as soon as possible to reduce injuries and casualties. In this study, the status of the Medical Emergency and Accident Management Center in Yazd Province in terms of the necessary standards for air emergencies was investigated and compared with existing standards. Materials and Methods: The present research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Using a researcher-made checklist, the required data, such as human resource requirements, physical and environmental space, time, communication equipment, medical equipment, equipment for traffic detection and management, and equipment for technical and safety services, were collected by asking relevant officials and experts. Finally, data analysis was performed using tables and descriptive statistics. Results: The study findings showed that in total, 2 items in the field of human resource requirements, 7 items in physical space and environmental requirements, 2 items regarding time requirements, 4 items regarding communication equipment requirements, 43 items regarding equipment and medicine requirements, including patient cabin equipment, emergency resuscitation kit and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), medicine and jump bag equipment, delivery set, triage bag, dressing equipment and technical and safety service equipment requirements were in accordance with the existing standards. Conclusion: Based on the existing standards, the air emergency in Yazd Province in most areas was satisfactory. Because of the importance of the issue, authorities must take the necessary measures to address the deficiencies and limitations so that the emergency missions be carried out in the best conditions.

Dental Management in Medically Compromised Patients : An Overview

There is an increasing population of apparently well, but in fact medically compromised people in the community. Most will require dental treatment at some stage and will usually seek it away from a hospital environment. In a recent survey of a general dental practice in Australia it was found that up to 55 per cent of some age groups had concurrent medical problems. Thus there is a real risk that adverse interactions between medical conditions and dental treatment may occur on some occasions, even fatal ones. It is not possible for any one individual to know the details of all medical conditions, their treatment and the possible interactions with dental treatment. However, by the application of some sound general principles the risks of any potential interactions can be evaluated. The essential steps are: knowledge of the medical history of all patients, potential drug interactions and management of medical emergencies. These principles will be discussed and illustrated by examples of medically compromised patients who may experience common or potentially serious sequelae as a result of dental treatment.

Exploring National Nursing Readiness for a Radiological or Nuclear Incident: A Cross-Sectional Study

IntroductionAs the largest component of the United States health care workforce, nurses will play a critical role in radiological or nuclear disaster medical response. Despite this, the United States’ schools of nursing are not currently providing radiation content (75% teach zero or <1 hour), and much of the current nursing workforce may not have received adequate response education and training. Nurses working in emergency departments and those who work at hospitals within the Radiation Injury Treatment Network will be relied on heavily, but little is known about whether these nurses possess the knowledge and skills needed to care for and protect patients after a radiation emergency. Current federal and state radiological/nuclear preparedness plans may be built on false assumptions of readiness, which would have serious implications for national preparedness and the National Health Security Strategy. The purpose of this study was to assess nurses' knowledge and skill in emergency radiological or nuclear response and determine their willingness to use mobile technology for education and training in response to a large-scale radiation event. MethodsDescriptive cross-sectional survey of registered nurse members of the Emergency Nurses Association and/or those employed at Radiation Injury Treatment Network centers. ResultsKnowledge scores were low for all respondents. Prior attendance at a Radiation Emergency Medical Management course, use of online resources, and having a preparedness plan were associated with higher scores. Experience with a radiation emergency was associated with the highest score. Nurses are willing to use mobile technology during a radiological or nuclear disaster response. DiscussionKey nurses may not possess adequate knowledge or clinical competence to participate in radiation response activities. The results of this assessment identified educational gaps and areas to strengthen nursing education and clinical skills.

Management of medical emergencies in orthodontic practice

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to survey the occurrence of acute medical situations in Dutch orthodontic practice and to examine the self-perceived competence of orthodontists in managing acute medical emergencies.MethodsA self-designed questionnaire was distributed among all 149 Dutch orthodontists attending the spring meeting of the Dutch Society for Orthodontists. The questionnaire was divided into three parts, addressing background information of the orthodontist, precautions against and experiences in acute medical situations, and self-perceived competence of nine common medical emergencies. The statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and a multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe response rate was 74.5% (105 out of 149). The male to female ratio in this population was 55:50. Mean age of all participants was 46.9 years (SD 10.4 years) with on average 16.7 years of working experience (SD 10.6 years). The most common medical emergency reported by Dutch orthodontists was vasovagal collapse (n = 219), followed by acute allergic reaction (n = 163) and hyperventilation (n = 83). On average, 75% (n = 79) of the orthodontists felt competent to handle any acute medical situation with an average occurrence of 0.36 acute medical emergencies per orthodontist per year. Male participants were more likely to send patients towards the emergency department (p = 0.049). Moreover, a statistically significant negative correlation was observed between self-perceived competence handling hypoglycemia and years of clinical experience. The longer orthodontists were clinically active, the less competent they felt when encountered with a hypoglycemia (p = 0.031).ConclusionsMedical emergencies may be rare but challenging occurrences in the orthodontic practice. It is strongly recommended for all orthodontists and supporting staff to be trained regularly in the management of medical emergencies and to possess up-to-date evidence-based knowledge. Familiarity with and availability of appropriate drugs and equipment are deemed essential to the management of acute medical emergencies that may arise in the orthodontic practice.