Conflict Mediation Research Articles

20·30대 남성의 개신교 탈신앙 경험에 대한 근거이론 연구

This study was intended to deeply understand the experiences of church youth in their 20s and 30s with Protestant faith in the process of breaking away from faith, and to present a substantive theory in this process. Study participants were recruited according to the intentional sampling method. Announcements were posted on one graduate school community cafe and three or more Internet employment/study portal sites. Among those around the research director who lived a long-term religious life, those in their 20s and 30s who experienced the process of deconversion, a total of 13 males (aged 19 to 39) were recruited through snowball sampling. After that, data collection and analysis were conducted using the grounded theory methodology. As a result of the analysis of open coding, 218 semantic units, 75 subcategories, and 35 categories were derived. It was found that male participants in their 20s and 30s who went through deconversion experienced the central phenomenon of ‘Experiencing pain in gradual cracks’. As a result of the selective coding analysis, it was revealed that the young participants went through the process of ‘Conflict discovery and mediation stage - Isolation and communication inability stage - Conversion and distance stage - Adaptation and averting stage’. As a result of the selective coding analysis, the core category was derived as Faith, once beneficial, but I was not able to become a subject in it, Breaking the shell of faith that did not have a relationship with God and walking my own path.’ The study participants were classified into 4 types including ‘Existentialist atheism type,’ ‘Non-religious spirituality type’, ‘Post-church faith type’, and ‘Involuntary disguise type’. This study explores what young men in their 20s and 30s with Protestant beliefs experience in the process of breaking away from faith and presents a substantive theory to understand the meaning of the experiences of participants from the perspective of counseling and provide basic data for the counseling.

PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT, WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT, AND JOB SATISFACTION: A SERIAL MEDIATION MODEL

This study aims to examine the influence of perceived organizational support on work-family conflict and job satisfaction, and the influence of work-family conflict on job satisfaction. This study also aims to examine the role of work-family conflict mediation in the relationship between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. The method used is quantitative, and the sample technique used is random sampling using the distribution of questionnaires to collect data from the research object. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Furthermore, the findings of this study reveal that percieved organizational support has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Percieved organizational support also negatively affects work-family conflict. Meanwhile, work-family conflict has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. The latest finding is work-family conflict is able to negatively mediate the relationship of percieved organizational support to job satisfaction.

Political Apologies for Historical Injustices: Engaging with Questions of Power, Utility, and Impact

Abstract The purpose of the special forum is to analyze political apologies through a variety of critical lenses in order to evaluate their efficacy for conflict mediation and redress of historical injustice. The proliferation of group apologies in the 1990s and 2000s led some scholars to herald the arrival of an “age of apology.” However, the task of assessing the impacts of these apologies and gauging their potential for fostering reconciliation has remained unfinished. The scholarship has been characterized by alternating currents of idealism and realism, but much of the work has been intuitive rather than empirical, and there is little agreement as to the evaluative criteria. With these papers, we take stock of what has been learned about political apologies, and we seek new avenues for exploration. Critics are right to question the unequal power structures that apologies sometimes reinforce, and it is important to understand how apologies leave crucial aspects of injustice untouched. At the same time, the prevalence of apologies in international affairs and the propensity of both perpetrators and victims to seek acknowledgment through the discourse of apologies suggest that continued study of apologies is warranted. Probing the performative aspects of apologies and dissecting their contradictions does not foreclose the possibility of their also having value for improving intergroup relationships, deepening historical understanding, and enacting justice, for example, by strengthening demands for reparations. Nor should we abandon efforts to understand what moral substance these apologies may convey, simply because we have seen how they can be cynically manipulated.

Developmental evidence for parental conflict in driving Mimulus species barriers.

The endosperm, a tissue that nourishes the embryo in the seeds of flowering plants, is often disrupted in inviable hybrid seeds of closely related species. A key question is whether parental conflict is a major driver of this common form of reproductive isolation. Here, we performed reciprocal crosses between pairs of three monkeyflower species (Mimulus caespitosa, Mimulus tilingii, and Mimulus guttatus). The severity of hybrid seed inviability varies among these crosses, which we inferred to be due to species divergence in effective ploidy. By performing a time series experiment of seed development, we discovered parent-of-origin phenotypes that provide strong evidence for parental conflict in shaping endosperm evolution. We found that the chalazal haustorium, a tissue within the endosperm that is found at the maternal-filial boundary, shows pronounced differences between reciprocal hybrid seeds formed from Mimulus species that differ in effective ploidy. These parent-of-origin effects suggest that the chalazal haustorium might act as a mediator of parental conflict, potentially by controlling sucrose movement from the maternal parent into the endosperm. Our study suggests that parental conflict in the endosperm may function as a driver of speciation by targeting regions and developmental stages critical for resource allocation and thus proper seed development.

Peer Communication about Antisocial Activities as a Mediator of Interparental Conflict in Mid-Adolescence and Externalizing Problems in Late Adolescence.

The current study investigated whether adolescent peer communication about antisocial activities mediates the association between interparental conflict within the family system in mid-adolescence and externalizing problems in late adolescence. Participants were 115 families in which an adolescent and caregiver participated in a longitudinal study. Adolescents (53 girls, 62 boys) completed measures of interparental conflict and externalizing problems in 8th grade (age 14). Afterward, adolescents received a BlackBerry device configured to capture all text messages sent and received. During the 9th grade, four days of text messages were coded for peer communication about antisocial topics. Adolescents again completed a measure of externalizing problems in 11th grade (age 17). Results indicated that interparental conflict in 8th grade correlated positively with adolescents' externalizing problems in 11th grade, but only for girls. In addition, the frequency of communication about antisocial activities mediated the link between interparental conflict and girls' externalizing problems. The findings support the idea that adolescent girls' communications about antisocial activities with their peers may contribute to the link between interparental conflict and girls' externalizing problems.

러시아의 시리아 내전 정책과 중동 영향력 확대 모색

Given the foreign policy of Vladimir Putin supporting revival of a strong Russia, this study examines how Russia's intention to expand its influence in the Middle East was reflected in its policy on the Syrian Civil War. Russia’s intervention in the Syrian Civil War went beyond defeating ISIS, and instead was intended to provide a bridgehead for entry into the Middle East by defending the geopolitically important Assad regime. In addition, Russia attempted to secure its political position as a mediator of conflicts by leading various diplomatic initiatives. Above all, Putin sought to establish cooperative relationships with major regional political actors such as Iran and Turkiye, which could contribute to Russia’s expansion of influence in the Middle East.

Public administration and politics meet turbulence: The search for robust governance responses

Public administration and politics meet turbulence: The search for robust governance responses

Workplace Bullying and Supervisor Support Effects on Turnover Intention: The Work-family Conflict Mediation

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between workplace bullying, supervisor support, and turnover intention that is mediated by work-family conflict among banking employees in Indonesia. A quantitative method study with a total of 200 banking employees as respondents was conducted in Indonesia. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationship between workplace bullying, supervisor support, and turnover intention, with the mediation of work-family conflict. Workplace bullying increased work-family conflict and turnover intention among Indonesian banking employees. However, it was found that supervisor support does not influence the increase in work-family conflict and turnover intention. The research presented in this paper is mainly limited to databases that were searched due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Among the quantitative articles from the databases, there were few supporting works of literature accessible on workplace bullying in Asia because research on workplace bullying is uncommon. Using the findings of this research, practitioners may become aware of various behavioral and psychological aspects that may influence employee turnover intention and prevent them from occurring within the organization. This paper itself builds on the concept of Yoo and Lee (2018)’s work because of its focus in Asia. The present results of this research also prove that the trust and relationship between supervisor and subordinate can help retain employees, especially those who experience personal problems. Keywords: Workplace bullying; Supervisor support; Work-family conflict; Turnover intention; Relationships

A Synodal Alternative for Ecclesial Conflict: Marshall Rosenberg’s Nonviolent Communication

The article examines Marshall Rosenberg’s nonviolent communication and conflict mediation with the aim to situate Rosenberg’s approach within conflict transformation approaches and how his strategy offers practical tools for mediating diverse forms of conflictual moral questions in the ecclesial context. The study engaged in a descriptive and critical analysis of the literature relevant to dealing with conflict in general and Rosenberg’s approach specifically. The results show that Rosenberg’s nonviolent communication and conflict mediation could contribute to transform the Catholic Church’s diverse moral conflictual questions in a synodal manner. The article recommends trainings on peacebuilding through peace education generally and specifically, nonviolent communication and conflict mediation. It also suggests further research on empathy, which focuses on listening, dialogue, and conflict transformation. This has the potential to enrich synodality and conflict mediation in the Catholic church.

Research on Decarbonization Pathway of China’s Coal-Fired Power Industry From the Perspective of Conflict Mediation

The transition to a low-carbon energy system is imminent under the constraints of carbon-peaking and carbon-neutral targets. Undoubtedly, coal-related carbon emissions over the past decades have had profound negative impacts on human life and the global climate. However, the main position of coal in the energy system determines that pure coal reduction strategy will inevitably lead to a systemic energy crisis. To this end, we explore the conflict formation mechanism among coal enterprises, downstream coal-fired power plants, and government in the process of strategic energy decarbonization transformation from the perspective of industrial chain, and analyze the feasible conflict states and their NASH, GMR, SMR, and SEQ equilibrium characteristics by constructing a ternary GMCR model. It is found that there are two feasible conflict states s10 and s12 that simultaneously satisfy the conditions of the above four types of equilibria. In this context, the evolution paths of s10 and s12 are further analyzed and conflict mediation strategies are proposed accordingly. Meanwhile, the decarbonization transition of the energy system needs to consider both the stage characteristics and regional differences of energy reform, as well as the important role of green low-carbon technological innovation as a grip for the decarbonization transition of energy.

Top management team cognition and strategic decision performance: The mediating role of team conflict

This study assessed the influence of top team conflict on top management team (TMT) cognition (ability and need), strategic decision-making (quality and satisfaction), and differentiating between task conflict and emotional conflict. Participants were from 63 Chinese enterprises (n = 226; female= 45.58%; mean age = 33.5 years, SD = 2.70 years). They completed surveys on TMT cognition, strategic decision-making, and team conflict (task conflict and emotional conflict). Following structural equation modelling, results showed a significant positive correlation between TMT cognition and strategic decision-making performance, not only directly, but also indirectly through a sequential mediation of task and emotional conflicts. However, the indirect pathway is stronger among TMTs with task conflicts than those with emotional conflicts. These findings suggest that when organisations leverage their resource on TMT task conflicts, they will be more likely to be involved in engaging in mutual influence behaviours in their work, and lead the team to achieve a higher level of strategic decision-making performance.

Notas sobre mediação, conciliação e as funções da advocacia pública: uma perspectiva à luz do direito administrativo contemporâneo

This article adresses how alternative dispute resolution gained ground in Contemporary Administrative Law, especially in the scope of action of Public Advocacy. The article notes that the administrative proceeding has not, in the last decades, assumed the role it deserved in the resolution of conflicts, being replaced by the excessive judicialization of these demands. There is, however, a change in the attitude of Public Advocacy with the valuation of consensuality and the perception that they must play an important role in conflict mediation, avoiding the unnecessary judicialization of the demand. The article shows how mediation and conciliation have played an important role in the prevention and resolution of conflicts with the Public Administration, and helped Public Advocacy to develop a proactive role, focused on preventive advocacy.

The Past, Present and Future of Pastoralists and the Pastoral Commons in the Sahel

Abstract The paper begins with popular narratives on climate change and food insecurity in the Sahel, painting a brief history of how pastoralists and their lifestyles have been understood by external scholars dealing with the theme of natural resource commons. This leads into a deeper analysis of multiple understandings of the productive political potential of the common/s as articulated by economists, historians and academics, and an exploration of the implications of these theories for the Sahel. This includes various government policies managing the commons, ranging from open-access to ranch-based systems, and the privatisation or exploitation of the commons by capitalist actors. The paper further explores three design principles, namely, mobility, inclusion and conflict mediation, for better governance in the region, and ends with a note of caution against the green-washed pursuit of growth rates, tempered by a note of hope in the figure of the vigilant and empowered pastoralist.

Rationalizing impoliteness: Taking offence and providing vicarious accounts in mother-in-law/daughter-in-law conflict mediation

Research on impoliteness is witnessing an increasing interest in recipients’ understanding of impoliteness, shifting from the speaker ‘causing offence’ to the listener ‘taking offence’. Although taking offence can be productively theorised as a pragmatic act which is invariably situated with respect to particular activity types, relatively few studies have explored the role of third parties in framing the taking of offence in conflict mediation contexts. Based on data from Chinese mediation between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law, this study addresses this gap by exploring how offence can be taken and rationalized on behalf of others through third-party mediation in the Chinese family context. Examination of mediation discourse indicates that mediators often deploy ‘vicarious accounts’ in their remedial work through which they exercise agency in holding the mothers-in-law less accountable for their offensive acts. Mediators’ rationalisation of mother-in-law's offensive behavior is shown to be motivated by two Chinese culture-specific moral codes—filial piety (xiao 孝) and ‘harmony is paramount’ (he wei gui 和为贵). These findings have important implications for understanding the interrelationship between impoliteness and taking offence, mediation and morality.

Low-frequency oscillations link frontal and parietal cortex with subthalamic nucleus in conflicts

Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs, 28 Hz) in the subthalamic nucleus(STN) are known to reflect cognitive conflict. However, it is unclear if LFOs mediate communication and functional interactions among regions implicated in conflict processing, such as the motor cortex (M1), premotor cortex (PMC), and superior parietal lobule (SPL). To investigate the potential contribution of LFOs to cognitive conflict mediation, we recorded M1, PMC, and SPL activities by right subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) simultaneously with bilateral STN local field potentials (LFPs) by deep brain stimulation electrodes in 13 patients with Parkinson's disease who performed the arrow version of the Eriksen flanker task. Elevated cue-related LFO activity was observed across patients during task trials, with the earliest onset in PMC and SPL. At cue onset, LFO power exhibited a significantly greater increase or a trend of a greater increase in the PMC, M1, and STN, and less increase in the SPL during high-conflict (incongruent) trials than in low-conflict (congruent) trials. The local LFO power increases in PMC, SPL, and right STN were correlated with response time, supporting the notion that these structures are critical hubs for cognitive conflict processing. This power increase was accompanied by increased functional connectivity between the PMC and right STN, which was correlated with response time across subjects. Finally, ipsilateral PMC-STN Granger causality was enhanced during high-conflict trials, with direction from STN to PMC. Our study indicates that LFOs link the frontal and parietal cortex with STN during conflicts, and the ipsilateral PMC-STN connection is specifically involved in this cognitive conflict processing.

Protecting the Messenger. An International Humanitarian Law Perspective

The war in and against Ukraine has brought home the importance of accurate, trustworthy reporting — even from dangerous places. In mediation, particularly mediation arising from armed conflict, it is difficult to overstate the importance of accurate information to help mediate between claim and counter-claim. The media, in particular journalists, including camera operatives, are the world’s eye in both national and international conflict zones. This essay discusses the legal protection of those courageous individuals and their equipment under international humanitarian law. The question of legal protection for journalists is essential to global access to reliable information. While the war in and against Ukraine has reminded us of this, it has been recognised as being of crucial importance for many years. Both the Review Committee’s Report to the ICTY’s (the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia) Prosecutor concerning the bombing of Belgrade by NATO forces during the Bosnian war and the ICTR’s (the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda) judgment in the so-called Media case raise the question whether it is reasonable to target media stations and personnel. It is essential to oppose these arguments. Intelligent and well-informed mediation of conflict depends upon the work of those who strive to accurately describe what is going on behind the fog of war. Attacks on the media and on their places of work often take place in murky circumstances. But I will argue that, even if media stations are also used for military purposes (dual use), they ought to be protected as civilian objects. Also, I will summarise ways to improve protection for the media before observing that compliance with existing laws seems to plunge in times of conflict.

Rolul guvernanţei în realizarea obiectivelor globale ale Organizației Națiunilor Unite

"Global governance brings together various actors to coordinate collective action around the world. This concept encompasses all the institutions, policies, rules, procedures and initiatives by which states and their citizens seek to bring more predictability, stability and order into their responses to transnational challenges and is largely achieved through international organisations. In fact, the goal of global governance is to provide global policies and services, in particular peace and security systems, justice and conflict mediation, functioning markets and unified standards for trade and industry. In the current international context, sustainable development is an important goal of global policy, and intergovernmental and governmental agencies as well as private sector companies have a duty to explore different approaches to how national intergovernmental and national strategies, policies and projects address issues. Global governance guidelines are formulated, implemented and evaluated to support the achievement of the 2030 Agenda objectives."

The Role of Governance in Achieving UN Global Goals

"Global governance brings together various actors to coordinate collective action around the world. This concept encompasses all the institutions, policies, rules, procedures and initiatives by which states and their citizens seek to bring more predictability, stability and order into their responses to transnational challenges and is largely achieved through international organisations. In fact, the goal of global governance is to provide global policies and services, in particular peace and security systems, justice and conflict mediation, functioning markets and unified standards for trade and industry. In the current international context, sustainable development is an important goal of global policy, and intergovernmental and governmental agencies as well as private sector companies have a duty to explore different approaches to how national intergovernmental and national strategies, policies and projects address issues. Global governance guidelines are formulated, implemented and evaluated to support the achievement of the 2030 Agenda objectives."

Analysis of adaptation diversity to climate variability and change among pastoral communities in north-eastern Uganda

Adaptation framing remains one of the major challenges to achieving greater implementation of adaptation initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Using an integrated analytical framework that frames adaptation indicators into three dimensions; adaptive, absorptive and transformative capacities, we analysed the adaptation diversity in Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We found a strong perception of the existence of climate variability and change manifested through the occurrence of droughts, floods, hailstorms, late onset and early rainfall onset. Absorptive capacity revealed varied status of asset ownership, custodianships, and access to these assets, presence of informal social safety nets, and social cohesion. Adaptive capacity revealed the presence of a diversity of livelihood sources, livelihood assets and associated income, but its human capital indicator revealed considerably high illiteracy levels among respondents. Meanwhile, transformative capacity revealed existence of network structures, governance and institutions, facilitated access to early warning information on pests, diseases and rainfall onset. Traditional institutions and the justice system played a key role in conflict resolution, mediation and negotiation for kraals establishment, grazing, and watering rights. We conclude that pastoral communities in Karamoja have a high inclination to maintenance of stability while their flexibility and ability to change decreases with the intensity of change pro-rata.

PELAKSANAAN MEDIASI KONFLIK PERCERAIAN DI MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH ACEH DILIHAT DARI PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN

The increasing number of divorces in Aceh Province is a concern for all of us for family resilience. There are many factors that can trigger a divorce, but all of the settlement processes must be submitted to the Mahkamah Syar’iyah as the official institution that oversees it. In an effort to resolve divorce cases, there are several processes that must be carried out, one of which is mediation. From several searches by researchers, the mediation efforts that have been carried out are still relatively ineffective. Therefore this study aims to further examine the implementation of divorce conflict mediation at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Aceh and to see what are the opportunities and challenges of carrying out this mediation. This research is a library research with qualitative descriptive techniques. Data collection techniques are carried out through content analysis techniques. The results of the research will be presented in the form of a descriptive narrative in an easy-to-understand form. The results of this study indicate that there are still many challenges in conducting divorce mediation at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Aceh. Besides that, there are also opportunities that can be optimized for the success of divorce mediation at the Mahkamah Syar’iyah Aceh.