Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Research Articles

Proficient mycogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles by soil derived fungus Aspergillus melleus SSS-10 with cytotoxic and antibacterial potency

The present study aimed at evaluating the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by soil fungus Aspergillus melleus SSS-10 for antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. In this study, the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was estimated by the colour change in cell free extract from pale yellow to golden yellow after 24 h of the reaction. UV‐Vis study showed the absorbance maxima at 410 nm. Tauc plot analysis revealed the band gap energy as 2.34 eV. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) data revealed polydisperse anisotropic silver nanoparticles with average hydrodynamic diameter of 92.006 nm. Zeta potential of − 19.6 mV provided evidence of stable silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed four prominent Bragg peaks corresponding to (111), (200), (220) and (311) planes characteristic of silver (Ag) in FCC structural configuration. Average crystallite size was found to be 87.3 nm from Scherrer equation. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis revealed irregular morphology of silver nanoparticles. EDS analysis displayed characteristic energy peaks of silver from 2.72 keV to 3.52 keV confirming the presence of silver nanoparticles. Biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited strong cytotoxic potential on MG-63 cells. AgNPs also showed antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, this study provides a platform to explore the utility of fungal mediated silver nanoparticles synthesized for various pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications.

Size dependent antimicrobial activity of Boerhaavia diffusa leaf mediated silver nanoparticles

Antibacterial activities of Boerhaavia diffusa leaves (BDL) mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were studied. UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), transmission electron microscopic (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed too. As the concentration of Boerhaavia diffusaleaf (BDL) extract increases, a full width half maximum value decreased and blue shift observed from 427 to 420 nm in the UV–vis spectrum. The XRD confirmed the nanoparticles' high crystallinity and the average nanoparticle size calculated was 14 nm. TEM result reveals that the AgNPs are spherical in shape and the particle sizes range from 6.33 nm to 24.9 nm. The average size of AgNPs was determined to be 13.27 nm which is close to the particle size determined by XRD. EDS shows a prominent peak at 3 kev, indicating that elemental silver is a major component in the reaction medium. The produced nanoparticles were well dispersed and almost spherical in shape. The silver nanoparticles produced at higher concentration of BDL extract against Gram negative pathogen Salmonella typhi, showed higher zone of inhibition (23 mm) compared to Staphylococcus aureus (21 mm). This biosynthetic method for generating silver nanoparticles prepared in the present work has discrete compensations over chemical reduction synthesis procedures, including great biosafety, ecofriendliness and nontoxicity to the environment.

Plant extract mediated silver nanoparticles by concentrated sunlight and their antibacterial and cytotoxic activities

Here we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under concentrated sunlight by using a newly designed solar system. In the study, AgNPs synthesized by using different plant extracts of Ginko biloba (Gb), Alpinia officinarum (Ao), Foeniculum vulgare (Fv) and Cassia angustifolia (Ca) were characterized by different techniques. The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was determined by agar diffusion assay. TEM analysis revealed the spherical nanoparticles with average size of 26, 23,44 and 32 nm in diameter for Gb, Ao, Fv and Ca AgNPs, respectively. Also, we found that the AgNPs were not cytotoxic at the concentration of 2.5 µg/mL. We also revealed that Ca AgNPs showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone of 15.27 mm. All in all, the results indicated that the formation of AgNPs was achieved in less than 1 h without any energy consumption in the solar system with concentrated sunlight.

Antibacterial activity and spectroscopic characteristics of silver nanoparticles synthesized via plant and in vitro leaf-derived callus extracts of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.

In this paper, we describe the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts, as well as their structural, optical, and antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Bacillus velezensis bacteria. For the study, several sections (root, leaves, and seed) of Mucuna pruriens, an immense medicinal herbal used to treat Parkinson's disease, were evaluated. Also, the seeds were grown in-vitro in the modified Murashige and Skoog's medium and the leaf derived callus supplemented by different phytohormones like picloram (pic), thidiazuron (TDZ), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2-isopentenyl adenine (2-iP) were selected for this study. This is the first report of distinct callus obtained from M. pruriens and used for green nanoparticle synthesis. The prepared materials were thoroughly evaluated for structural and optical properties using XRD, FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. During synthesis, the colour changes from colourless to reddish brown, and the existence of an SPR peak in the absorption spectra confirms the formation of AgNPs. The FTIR spectra reveals the presence of phenolic group and alkyl ether groups, which were responsible for the reduction of silver ions during the green synthesis. The aqueous extracts of plant parts and callus obtained from different hormones showed very poor antibacterial activity. However, the green synthesized nanoparticles fabricated by different plant extracts showed good antimicrobial activity towards E. coli and B. velezensis bacteria. amongst the investigated results, highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli (84.8%) and B. velezensis (78.1%) was shown by AgNPs mediated by leaf extracts respectively followed by 0.5 mg/L pic and 2.0 mg/L BAP callus mediated silver nanoparticle solution. According to the findings, green produced AgNPs are promising candidates for antibacterial applications against E. coli and B. velezensis.

Streptomyces catenulae as a Novel Marine Actinobacterium Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization, Biological Activities, and Proposed Mechanism of Antibacterial Action.

Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Bio-SNPs) were synthesized from the marine actinobacterium strain Streptomyces catenulae M2 and characterized using a variety of techniques, including UV–vis spectrum, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and zeta potential. The antibacterial activity of Bio-SNPs alone and in combination with antibiotic was evaluated using a microtiter-dilution resazurin assay against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Bio-SNPs’ minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against bacterial strains was determined. To assess the synergistic effect of Bio-SNPs in combination with antibiotics, the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was calculated. While the safety of Bio-SNPs in biomedical applications is dependent on their use, the in vitro cytotoxicity of Bio-SNPs on normal human epithelial colon cells (NCM460) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (CaCo2) were evaluated using the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay and cell lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The presence of Bio-SNPs was revealed by UV–vis spectroscopy, which revealed a peak in the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) spectrum at 439.5 nm. Bio-SNPs were spherical in shape and small in size (average 33 nm by TEM, 58.8 nm by DLS), with good stability (−30 mV) and the presence of capping agents. Bio-SNPs had MIC values ranging from 2 to 64 μg/ml against the bacteria tested. The MIC for P. aeruginosa was the lowest (2 μg/ml). Antibiotics have been shown to have a significant synergistic effect when combined with Bio-SNPs against tested bacteria. Bio-SNPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against NCM460 and CaCo2 cancer cells, with the latter exhibiting far greater toxicity than the former. NCM460 and CaCo2 cell viability decreased from 99.3 to 95.7% and 92.3 to 61.8%, respectively, whereas LDH leakage increased from 200 to 215 nmol/ml and 261 to 730 nmol/ml, respectively. The half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for NCM460 and CaCo2 cancer cells were 79.46 and 10.41 μg/ml and 89.4 and 19.3 μg/ml, respectively. Bio-SNPs were found to be biocompatible and to have anti-inflammatory activity. Bio-SNPs are highly appealing for future nanomedicine applications due to their antibacterial and biocompatible properties and their inherent “green” and simple manufacturing.

Preparation and characterization of acetylated starch mediated silver nanoparticles: The effect of solution ratio and time-varying exposure

Abstract Plastic packaging is widely used in food industry to protect and maintain food freshness. However, plastic packaging also contributes to solid waste problem and can become the contamination area of microbial activities which in turn affecting the shelf-life of the food product and may causing food-borne illness towards consumer. Thus, the demands on biodegradable polymer as plastic packaging has grown widely especially among the food industry. The employment of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can improve physical properties of biopolymer as well as promoting antimicrobial properties on the plastic packaging. The aim of this study is to synthesize of AgNPs by utilising acetylated starch (AS) as reducing agent with different parameters via microwave irradiation method. The effect of different ratio of acetylated starch and microwave time-varying exposure is evaluated. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized via UV-VIS spectroscopy (UV-VIS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. The absorbance peak emerges at 420nm on UV-VIS shows that silver nanoparticles is successfully produced. 15 minutes microwave time exposure and 1:1 ratio is identified as the optimum condition to produce silver nanoparticles. The peak emerges on FTIR spectra shows the involvement of starch in reduction process in synthesizing AgNPs. The XRD results shows the amorphous structure of starch and crystalline peak of silver appear in 2Θ regions 37.4°, 43.4°, 63.1° and 75.7°. In conclusion, the significant outcome from the study is the AgNPs were successfully synthesized via microwave irradiation method and be a function of time varying exposure and acetylated starch ratio.

Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Taverniera couneifolia Elicits Effective Anti-Diabetic Effect in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats.

Background: Using a variety of chemical compounds and biomolecules, researchers have been working on new antidiabetic drugs for many years. Anti-diabetic research is increasingly using nanomaterials because of their unique qualities, such as their tiny size, biocompatibility, and ability to penetrate cell membranes for drug delivery. Using extract of T. couneifolia coated with silver nanoparticles as a model for diabetes mellitus research was one of the goals of this work. Methods: Uv-Vis spectroscopy was used to measure the TAgNPs surface plasmon resonance. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the attached functional groups, XRD analysis confirmed the size and crystallinity, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the majority of the particles were spherical, and EDX performed the elemental analysis. For 21 days, alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats (N = 25, n = 5/group) were administered 10 mg/kg body weight of photosynthesized AgNPs as a standard animal model, while those in the untreated normal control group C, received distilled water as a control, diabetics who were treated with 0.5 mg/kg of body weight of glibenclamide, 10 mg/kg of methanolic T. couneifolia extract, and diabetics who were given 10 mg/kg of body weight of synthetic AgNPs derived from T. couneifolia in the DAgNPs group. At the conclusion of the treatment, lipid, liver and kidney profiles were re-examined to determine whether or not the treatment had been effective (day 21). Oral glucose doses of 2 g/kg of body weight were administered to each group, and blood glucose levels were measured at various intervals (day 21). Fasting glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Each animal’s urine was tested for leukocytes, nitrites, and bilirubin using lab-made prepared assay kits. One-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The surface plasmon resonance effect was examined with UV-vis, it showed a sharp peak at 412 nm. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated that the produced nanoparticles were between 15 to 31.44 nm in size. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were fed AgNPs derived from phytosynthesized AgNPs, compared to diabetic control rats, diabetic rats treated with AgNPs showed a considerable improvement in their dyslipidemia status. Over the course of the days, it also lowered blood glucose levels. A reduction in blood glucose levels, a rise in body weight, and significant improvements in the lipid, liver, and renal profiles were also seen. Conclusions: The present findings revealed that plant mediated silver nanoparticles significantly improved the alloxan induced diabetic changes in various treated rats and might be used for the treatment of diabetes.

Synthesis and characterization of Kappaphycus alvarezii derived silver nanoparticles and determination of antibacterial activity

Green nanotechnology has been used to synthesize nanoparticles in a less toxic and cost-effective way when compared to chemical methods. Algae serve as a natural resource that is valuable in a wide range of applications and is abundantly available in nature. In this study, Kappaphycus alvarezii a red algae, loaded with plethora of important secondary metabolites was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The bioactive molecules from K. alvarezii have been employed as potential reducing agents for silver nanoparticles (KaNp) synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with UV visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Various antimicrobial assays were performed with clinical strains of E. coli to analyze the antibacterial activity of K. alvarezii mediated silver nanoparticles. The results showed that the algal mediated nanoparticles were synthesized effectively and can control the bacterial growth.

Ephedra intermedia mediated synthesis of biogenic silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial, cytotoxic and hemocompatability evaluations

Biosynthesis, optimization, physicochemical properties and nanomedicinal applications of the Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A.Mey mediated silver nanoparticles (Et-AgNPs) has been established. The effect of different parameters like precursor concentration, extract to precursor ratio pH and temperature were assessed on the synthesis and properties of Et-AgNPs. The optimized parameters like 2.5 mM AgNO3 concentration, pH 8, extract to precursor ratio of 1:10 v/v and temperature of 60 °C were used for biosynthesis. Room temperature physicochemical properties of Et-AgNPs were established using by Ultra violet visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Et-AgNPs were found in the range of 29 nm to 53 nm size. Bactericidal potential of Et-AgNPs was studied against B. subtilis, K. pneumoniae, S. epidermidis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli. Antifungal properties of Et-AgNPs were established against Mucor sp., A. flavus, A. niger and A. fumigatus. K. pneumonia and E. coli were found most susceptible to the Et-AgNPs with MICs 33.3 µg mL-1and 11.1 µg mL−1 respectively. Whereas, among the fungal strains Aspergillus fumigatus and Mucor spp were least susceptible. MTT assay revealed a median lethal dose of 32.6 µg mL−1 against human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2), while hemolytic study revealed compatibility of Et-AgNPs with RBCs.

Photodynamic cytotoxic and antibacterial evaluation of Tecoma stans and Narcissus tazetta mediated silver nanoparticles

Nanobiotechnology is the intersection of nanotechnology and biology, where nano systems are applied to help study biological systems. There is a growing interest of researchers in the application of nanotechnology in improving the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. In this study, the antioxidant, photodynamic, anticancer, and antibacterial potential of plant extracts and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were investigated. In order to synthesize AgNPs, 10 g of dried powder of Tecoma stans and Narcissus tazetta was boiled in deionized water (100 ml) and mixed with aqueous solution of silver metals, resulting in the formation of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical having size in a range of 15–100 nm. The application of extract (50 µl) and AgNPs to rhabdomyosarcoma cell line showed a decreased cell viability (%). Photodynamic study revealed an improvement in photosensitizer efficacy on introducing AgNPs. Both plant extracts and AgNPs had significant effect against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as well as sensitive Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of AgNPs lower (32–256 µg/ml) than the plant extracts. According to the current findings, these AgNPs have an enhancing effect on the photodynamic cytotoxic potential of plant extracts. Because of biological efficacy, these AgNPs may play a crucial role in determining therapeutic potential of Tecoma stans and Narcissus tazetta .

Sustainable biosynthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles using barberry phenolic extract: Optimization and evaluation of photocatalytic, in vitro cytotoxicity, and antibacterial activities against multidrug-resistant bacteria

The contamination of water resources by various pollutants such as organometallic compounds and organic pollution is one of the major challenges in all over the world. In the past few years, the cost-effective and eco-friendly synthesis of nanoparticles using environmentally friendly approaches have been developed among scientists. In this research, we synthesized silver nanoparticles by the rapid, inexpensive and eco-friendly process using Berberis vulgaris (B. vulgaris; BV@AgNPs) extract, for the first time. Optimized product was obtained by controlling the molar ratio of raw materials, temperature, contact time, and pH of the reaction. The biosynthesized BV@AgNPs were used as a catalytic, antibacterial, and anticancer agents. The obtained oval and spherical-like BV@AgNPs were characterized by different analytical techniques, including TEM, FESEM, UV–Vis, EDX, XRD, and FT-IR. Characterization of the BV@AgNPs showed the average crystalline size of 45–60 nm and spherical morphology with only few agglomerated particles. The photocatalytic efficiency of BV@AgNPs was determined by degradation of methyl orange in various concentrations of nanocatalyst under sunlight irradiation. The BV@AgNPs exhibited high photocatalytic degradation (97.82%) in short time. The synthesized BV@AgNPs was tested for antibacterial activity using the Mueller-Hinton broth method. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect of the synthesized BV@AgNPs was studied against seven clinically isolated multidrug-resistant bacteria. The MIC value of BV@AgNPs against P. mirabilis (PM-2), E. coli (EC-2), E. faecalis (EF-2), S. aureus (SA-2), A. baumannii (AB-2), P. aeruginosa (PA-2), and K. pneumonia (KP-2) were 1.56, 0.4, 0.8, 1.56, 0.5, 0.4, and 6.25 µg/mL. Determination of the cytotoxic effect of the biosynthesized BV@AgNPs were carried out using two types of cell lines, human gastric cancer cell line (AGS, IC50 = 3.16 µg/mL) and human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7; IC50 = 9.37 µg/mL). These findings suggested that B. vulgaris extract mediated silver nanoparticles can be used in various fields including industrial wastewater treatment and biomedical.

Metal organic frameworks mediated silver nanoparticles in the TiO2 coated copper sheet for synergetically enhanced surface enhanced Raman scattering and photocatalytic activities

Herein, on the titanium oxide coated copper sheet, Ag nanoparticles were grown with cobalt 2-methylimidazole metal–organic framework (ZIF-67) as a special medium. Subsequently, a novel sheet with sandwich structure (Ag/ZIF-67/Ag-TiO2/Cu, abbreviated as AZATC) was constructed. By X-ray powder diffraction, electron microscopies, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the AZATC sheet were characterized. Compared to the Ag/ZIF-67/TiO2/Cu (AZTC) composite and some traditional substrates, the AZATC with sandwich Ag showed a more sensitive enhanced surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) response to phenol red (PhR, 1 × 10-10 M). Furthermore, the plug and play AZATC sheet showed excellent and stable photocatalytic degradation for PhR even if it was recycled for 6 times. Especially, the novel and cost-effective AZATC was also used to efficiently detect and degrade the PhR in real samples.

Utilisation of pullulan active packaging incorporated with curcumin and pullulan mediated silver nanoparticles to maintain the quality and shelf life of broiler meat

Broiler meat can provide an appropriate environment for the microbial intensification, resulting in the lipid and protein oxidation and physico-chemical degradation. The utilisation of the anti-oxidants prevents meat degradation and human health challenges by preventing meat physico-chemical characteristics. Pullulan active packaging incorporated with green silver nanoparticles, as anti-oxidants, has not been reported in broiler meat preservation. Therefore, the impact of pullulan active packaging, incorporated with curcumin and pullulan mediated silver nanoparticles (C-AgNPs, P-AgNPs) on broiler meat was determined in the current study for 14 days of refrigerated storage at 4 ± 1 °C. A total of 120 broiler birds were reared for clean meat production and divided into 4 treatment groups (PF-CTRL, PF-C-AgNPs, PF-P-AgNPs, PF-M-AgNPs). Pullulan active packaging maintained meat textural attributes and pigment stability and breast muscle pH (6.11). Broiler meat treated with pullulan active packaging incorporated with curcumin arbitrated AgNPs (PF-C-AgNPs) indicated significantly higher oxidative stability (p = .000), water holding capacity (p = .002), expressible fluids (p = .000), and shear force values (p = .000) along with significantly lower cooking losses (p = .000), pH (p = .000), and shear force energy (p = .000) as compared to the control (CTRL) and other treatment groups. Broiler breast meat samples treated with pullulan active packaging expressed a “lighter” appearance (53.61 ± 3.64) during the refrigerated storage of 14 days. Moreover, significant differences were recorded in the oxidative stability/MDA (mg/kg) concentrations amongst the controlled and the treated groups on day 7th (p = .000) and day 14th (p = .000) of refrigerated storage. The current study confirms that the pullulan active packaging, incorporated with curcumin arbitrated silver nanoparticles (PF-C-AgNPs) followed by pullulan active meat packaging incorporated with pullulan mediated silver nanoparticles (PF-P-AgNPs) maintained the textural and physico-chemical meat attributes along with minimal oxidative rancidity in 14 days of storage. It is concluded that PF-C-AgNPs and PF-P-AgNPs can be a safer antioxidant alternate to preserve broiler meat quality and oxidative stability with a prolonged shelf life. HIGHLIGHTS Pullulan active meat packaging, incorporated with C-AgNPs and P-AgNPs, should be considered as green and bio-degradable substitution of the hazardous synthetic antioxidant packaging. Pullulan active meat packaging (PF-C-AgNPs, PF-P-AgNPs) is able to maintain the textural characteristics, compositional integrity, and physico-chemical attributes of broiler meat. Broiler meat treated with PF-C-AgNPs and PF-P-AgNPs reflects better oxidative stability with prolonged shelf life.

In-vitro and in-vivo biological potential of the prepared Feroniella lucida mediated silver nanoparticles

In-vitro and in-vivo biological potential of the prepared Feroniella lucida mediated silver nanoparticles

Macrophytic waste optimization by synthesis of silver nanoparticles and exploring their agro-fungicidal activity

Enormous quantities of marine macrophytes have been accumulated in shorelines by tidal actions, which considered as organic pollution. There is a necessity to collect macrophytic biomasses from shorelines to protect the environment. This paper focused on the collection and utilization of waste macrophytic biomass for the production of silver nanoparticles. Two representative candidates, Cymodocea serrulata (Seagrass) and Padina australis (Seaweed) were selected for the study. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM, EDS and AFM and their anti-phytopathogenic activity also assessed. Results of this study revealed that C. serrulata mediated silver nanoparticles (Cs-AgNP) exhibited effective anti-fungal activity against Pyriporia oryzea (14 ± 1.5 mm), Helminthisporium oryzea (12 ± 1.4 mm), Alternaria sp. (10 ± 1.2 mm) and Padina australis mediated silver nanoparticles (Pa-AgNPs) showed potential activity against Rhizoctonia solani (16 ± 1.6 mm), Xanthomanas oryzae (15 ± 1.3 mm). The current study findings could pave a way to collect the organic waste from shorelines and deploying them for the production of value added products.

Characterization of Talaromyces islandicus–mediated silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their antibacterial and anticancer potential

The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reported to possess several therapeutic applications. Silver is one of the important metals known for its bioactive properties not only as macromolecule but also as nanoparticle (NP). The current research focused on the eco-friendly synthesis of Talaromyces islandicus VSGF1(Lab code) -mediated AgNPs. The aqueous culture filtrate of T. islandicus VSGF1 was used as a reducing agent. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by observing the color change from colorless to colloidal earthy-colored and a sharp absorption peak of ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy at 400 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the involvement of various functional groups for the formation and stabilization of AgNPs. The structure, size, and shape of mycosynthesized AgNPs were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. The XRD analysis exhibited crystalline nature of NPs whereas AFM analysis revealed the spherical shape of AgNP with average size range between 13 and 66 nm. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs (50 μg/ml) investigated against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria revealed maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) against drug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis MTCC439 (18.66 ± 0.57 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC96 (16 ± 0 mm) followed by Staphylococcus aureus MTCC96 (15.33 ± 0.57 mm), Bacillus subtilis MTCC441 (14.66 ± 0.57 mm), and Escherichia coli MTCC45 (14.66 ± 0.57 mm). Further, the AgNPs evaluated for antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line exhibited promising result with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value at 38.17 μg/ml concentration through MTT (methylthiazolyl tetrazolium assay) assay. Apparently, this is the first report from T. islandicus to the best of our knowledge.

Microwave-assisted green synthesis ofDesmodium triquetrum-mediated silver nanoparticles: enhanced antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity activities against human breast cancer cell lines

A schematic illustration of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles usingDesmodium triquetrumextract, characterization, and their potential as antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity agent.

Green synthesis, characterization of Radix Hedysari-mediated silver nanoparticles and their use for sensitive colorimetric detection of Pb2+ in the Yellow River medium.

In this study, a safe, rapid, and environment-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the alcohol extract of Radix Hedysari (RH-AgNPs) was developed, the alcohol extract of Radix Hedysari (RH) acted as the reducing agent, stabilizer, and modifier. The main components of RH were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The particle size and morphology of RH-AgNPs were optimized and characterized by a series of techniques. The size distribution, zeta potential, element distribution, and crystalline nature of RH-AgNPs were all determined. It was indicated that RH-AgNPs showed great sensitivity for lead ion (Pb2+) detection with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.5 μM with a wide range of 10-500 μM. The selectivity was also explored for common metal ions. RH-AgNPs were then applied to the detection of Pb2+ in spiked Yellow River samples, and the possible mechanism is based on the crosslinking reaction between the hydroxide radical, carboxylate radical and Pb2+.

Anti Cariogenic and Anti Inflammatory Activity of Achyranthes Aspera Mediated Silver Nanoparticles

Introduction: Nanotechnology is considered the sector of research and innovation that aims at building things, systems, devices, materials at a scale of atoms and molecules. Nanotechnology is an incredibly growing field in the era of modern science. Silver nanoparticles are known to have good pharmacological properties. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles eliminates toxicity and is also without side effects. On the other hand Achyranthes aspera is an annual herb that belongs to the family of Amaranthaceae. Every part of the plant has medicinal values. Our study deals with the green synthesis of Achyranthes aspera mediated silver nano particles and assessment of their anti cariogenic and anti inflammatory properties. Aim: The current study aims at assessing the anti cariogenic and anti inflammatory properties of Achyranthes aspera mediated silver nano particles and investigating the efficacy of Achyranthes aspera mediated Silver nano particles. Materials and Methods: The methodology includes Green synthesis of Achyranthes aspera mediated Silver nano particle synthesis followed by tests for anti cariogenic and anti inflammatory properties. Results: Both the anti cariogenic and anti inflammatory activities of theAchyranthes aspera mediated silver nano particles had shown a proportionate increase in activity with the increase in µl concentration. Conclusion: Achyranthes aspera mediated silver nano particles have shown significant anti inflammatory and anti cariogenic activity and they are considered as potent anti inflammatory and anti cariogenic agents.

Amycolatopsis sp. strain MN235945 Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity against HeLa and MCF-7 Cell Lines

The current study investigated about the biogenic synthesis and evaluation of biological activities of Amycolatopsis sp. strain MN235945 fabricated silver nanoparticles and their characterization by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high resolution-transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and zeta potential analysis. The most potent isolate Amycolatopsis sp. strain MN235945 was identified by morphological and genotypic characterization and biological activity of silver nanoparticles was studied via antimicrobial and anticancer activity assays. The synthesized silver nanoparticles with spherical shape and polydispersed nature showed ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, absorption maximum at 417 nm with the smallest size of 19.40 nm. The presence of various biological functional groups and different elemental composition of silver nanoparticles were determined along with zeta potential value of -34.8 mV; whereas, the X-ray diffractometry analysis revealed the specific Bragg’s diffraction peaks for metallic silver. The silver nanoparticles with increased antimicrobial activity significantly inhibited cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa and human breast cancer MCF-7 tumour cells with IC50 values of 81.12 and 235.45 μg/ml respectively. These encouraging results obtained via low-cost green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from marine Amycolatopsis sp. strain MN235945 provide helpful information for further research and designing an anticancer agent in coming years using Amycolatopsis sp. strain MN235945 mediated silver nanoparticles with minimal side effects.