Medium Theory Research Articles

Effect of Groundwater Level Rise on the Critical Velocity of High-Speed Railway

The increasing frequency of extreme rainfall is leading to a rise in groundwater levels in coastal areas, significantly affecting high-speed railway operations. To address this concern, this study developed a 2.5-dimensional finite element model of a coupled track-embankment-ground system based on Biot’s porous media theory to analyze the effect of groundwater level rise on the critical velocity of high-speed railways and vibration responses. The findings reveal a consistent decrease in the critical velocity of high-speed railways with rising groundwater levels. Particularly, the increase in groundwater levels within the embankment significantly influences the critical velocity compared to a similar rise in the foundation’s groundwater level. Furthermore, deformations induced by passing trains significantly increase as groundwater levels rise. Specifically, when the groundwater level rises from the foundation bottom to the subgrade surface, subgrade surface deformation increases by approximately 55%. As trains approach the critical velocity, significant vibration phenomena, known as the “Mach effect,” occur at the foundation surface. Importantly, as groundwater levels rise, the “Mach effect” intensifies. Analyzing the vibrating frequency spectrum of the displacement response demonstrates a substantial increase in vibration amplitude, particularly in the high-frequency region, as groundwater levels rise. This study highlights that the rise in groundwater level not only amplifies vibrations but also extends the propagation of high-frequency vibrations, underscoring the importance of effective embankment waterproofing in controlling track vibrations.

Consent-deception: a feminist cultural media theory of commonsense consent

This article draws on feminist cultural studies, media and cultural theory, and engages with feminist law and criminology, to argue for a newly invigorated conceptualisation of consent in feminist theory. Rather than advance a particular feminist theory of consent, the article argues for a feminist cultural media theory of commonsense consent that is both sensory and representational. This theory acknowledges that there is no concept of consent reserved for sexual encounters. Rather, a more universal, commonsense theory, shaped as much by twentieth-century media as eighteenth-century political philosophy, informs how consent shows up to social experience. The article offers a revision of feminist discussions about consent in law, political philosophy and cultural studies, proposing that accounts such as Laura Kipnis’ Unwanted Advances: Sexual Paranoia Comes to Campus can be read as descriptions of consent's affective structure. Feminist accounts have underestimated the implications of the involvement of media, from early cinema through to contemporary social media, in co-locating consent with deception. This article shows how the media concept of consent-deception plays a role in suspicion and betrayal, both of which act as consent's structures of feeling. To further probe an enquiry into how personalised media are transforming commonsense consent, the article discusses the TV programme The Tinder Swindler. Various production techniques encourage a view of social media as a complete encapsulation of the social life and affectivity of consent-deception, suggesting a number of implications for a feminist cultural media theory of commonsense consent. In particular, the programme asks us to problematise the evidentiary status of informational social media linked to the changing perceptibility of consent-deception.

Thermodynamically consistent variational theory of porous media with a breaking component

Thermodynamically consistent variational theory of porous media with a breaking component

A mixed least‐squares finite element method for a geometrically nonlinear TPM formulation

AbstractIn the present work, a mixed least‐squares finite element method (LSFEM) is used, which is applied on the partial differential equations arising from the Theory of Porous Media (TPM), see for example [1, 2, 3]. Since the LSFEM is not limited to the LBB condition, the method has some theoretical advantages over the well‐known (mixed) Galerkin method, see [4]. In particular, the LSFEM leads to positive definite and symmetric system matrices, even for differential equations with non‐self‐adjoint operators. In detail, we study an incompressible binary model with solid and liquid phases. The modeling of saturated porous structures serves as the basis for the presented approach. The resulting finite element is a four‐field formulation in terms of solid displacements, fluid pressure, mixture stresses, and a new variable associated with the pressure gradient. Vector‐valued Raviart‐Thomas and conventional Lagrangian functions are used to achieve a conforming discretization of the unknowns in the spaces H(div) and H1. The applicability of the LSFEM approach is demonstrated with numerical examples for fluid‐saturated porous structures, which consider incompressible, geometrically nonlinear elastic material behavior.

The level of public relations usefulness of media institutions to media theories

This research worked to show the level of public relations using the media channel from media theories in media duties, with the aim of showing the extent of public relations participation in media duties and the production of messages and media materials, and from here the extent to which media theories are used by the department. The boundaries of the research are the Kurdistan region, and its society is the institutions and media channels in the region. 40 people from public relations officials and employees became the subjects of this scientific research from the following channels and institutions, (Kurdsat, NRT channels, KNN, GK, Kurdistan TV, Kurdistan 24, Kerkuk, Waar TV, Payam, Speda, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Media Office, Kurdistan Democratic Party Media Office), and a questionnaire form was used as a means to obtain answers and data.Among the most important findings of the research are:1. The poor level of participation of the Public Relations Department in the performance of media tasks in media institutions, and most of its focus on information tasks, reception and communication with guests.2 . The public relations department in media organizations does not benefit from and does not use media theories in the required manner in performing its media duties.

Coupling analysis method of grouting construction with deformation response of adjacent existing tunnel

In the new tunnel under close distance through the existing tunnel risk source, the grouting scheme developed to compensate for stratum losses is still based on empirical methods, relying on the overburden thickness of existing tunnels. This can potentially lead to an excessively high or low probability of uplift of existing tunnels. Proposing a coupled deformation analysis method between the grouting construction and adjacent existing tunnels is of great theoretical significance for developing grouting schemes. In order to reasonably limit the design parameters of grouting construction, based on the theory of fluid–solid coupling elastic pore-column expansion and the theory of random media, the calculation method of stratum displacement which simultaneously considers the coexistence of grout compaction expansion and permeability diffusion mode is derived, and the accuracy of the calculation method is verified by engineering examples. The accuracy of this calculation method was verified through engineering examples. Combined with the deformation coordination condition, the existing tunnel is regarded as an elastic Euler-Bernoulli continuous beam, and the finite element coupling balance equation of the interaction between the existing tunnel and the surrounding soil is obtained. Based on this, a coupling calculation model of the grouting construction and the deformation response of the adjacent existing tunnel is established. Combined with three times of grouting construction examples in the shield tunneling project of Beijing Metro Line 12 under the existing airport line, the reliability of the coupling calculation model to determine the grouting construction parameters is verified. The calculation parameters in the coupling calculation model have clear physical meanings, which can provide a theoretical basis for the grouting design of similar risk source projects.

Reapprendre à voir: Images, Symptoms and the Media of Appearance

Emmanuel Alloa interviewed by Benediktas Vachninas Emmanuel Alloa, Professor of Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art at the University of Fribourg, is one of the most active contemporary thinkers in the field of new visual studies. His areas of research include aesthetics, phenomenology, theories of image, theories of media, and the French philosophy. Professor Alloa has authored and (co)edited numerous books, of which, the most important ones are Looking through Images. A Phenomenology of Visual Media (Columbia University Press, 2021), Dynamis of the Image. Moving Images in a Global World (De Gruyter, 2020), Partages de la perspective (Fayard, 2020), Resistance of the Sensible World: An Introduction to Merleau-Ponty (Fordham University Press, 2017). He is the recipient of the Latsis Prize 2016 and the Aby Warburg Prize 2019 and currently serves as President of the German Society of Aesthetics.In 2021, Professor Alloa gave an online cycle of lectures titled Orbis Pictus. A Media Phenomenology in an Image World at Vilnius University. This year, I had the pleasure to hold an online conversation with Professor Alloa as he kindly agreed to discuss the topic of images and his project of symptomatology. The interview encompassed questions about the relation of an image with the image theories, the differences between the symptomatological approach to images and the visual semiotics, Derrida’s contribution to the problem of mediality, and the role of images in the philosophy today.This interview was taken on the 20th of June, 2023

Multiphasic model of early stage hydration in concrete using the theory of porous media

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to model the behavior of concrete during the initial stage of maturing. Most models consider only thermo‐mechanical phenomena assuming the hygral phenomena of less importance due to high liquid saturation. In order to grasp those effects, the proposed model is an extension of Gawin's model (D. Gawin, F. Pesavento, and B. A. Schrefler, Int J Numer Methods Eng 67(3), 299–331, 2006). The fresh concrete, modeled as porous material, is described within the well‐founded framework of the Theory of Porous Media. The multiphase material consists of a solid phase representing, for example, cement, gravel, etc., and a fluid and gas phase representing the pores filled with water and dry air. Compared to Gawin's model, here, beside the effect of hydration‐dehydration, the effect of evaporation‐condensation will be taken into account. A new formulation for the evaporation process in the fresh concrete is proposed and validated by an experimental study. The presented model is implemented in the research code PANDAS. The proposed model investigates and proves the assumption of Gawin's model to have a linear connection between porosity and hydration degree.

Adolescents’ Remembering of Sexual Television Narratives and Their Relations with Positive Sexuality Components: A Biographic Resonance Perspective

ABSTRACT Little to no knowledge exists about television’s role in the sexual socialization of adolescents from the perspective of remembrance and resonance of narratives dealing with sexuality. The current study aims to fill this gap in the literature by using three-wave data of 703 respondents (51.5% assigned female at birth, M age = 15.44; SD = 1.43). We explored reciprocal relations between adolescents’ remembrance of resonating positive and negative messages included in sexual narratives on television and their positive sexuality components (e.g. sexual self-acceptance). Structural equation modeling showed that a respectful approach to different sexual expressions was related to the remembering of negative sexual television messages five months later. No other significant relations were found. Further, no differences were found based on adolescents’ sexual experiences. The findings are discussed in the realm of the potential of using the biographic resonance theory (BRT) of eudaimonic entertainment media to further explore the socializing potential of sexual television narratives.

Banyumas Regency Islamic Religious Extension Strategy in Strengthening Religious Moderation

This article aims to examine the communication strategies of Islamic Religious Counselors in Banyumas Regency in strengthening religious moderation. The problem focuses on the strategy of Islamic Religious Counselors in promoting religious moderation in the post-Covid 19 pandemic era. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The theories used in this research are Harold Laswell's communication theory, Uses and Gratification theory, and Campbell's theory of religious encounters and new media. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The research informants, consisting of 30 Islamic Religious Counselors in the Banyumas Regency, were selected through purposive sampling based on the research objectives. This study concludes that Islamic Religious Counselors in Banyumas Regency, first, employ a strategy involving planning, understanding the characteristics of the target audience for da'wah (religious outreach), determining the material to be conveyed, selecting the delivery method, and choosing the communication media. Second, they carry out strategic planning by enhancing their knowledge of religious moderation through participation in workshops, training sessions, and independent study. They also conduct religious moderation outreach to congregations, both in face-to-face interactions and through media platforms such as radio, Facebook, WhatsApp, and YouTube. Furthermore, they practice religious moderation in various contexts, including interactions with Muslims, adherents of local culture, and followers of other religions. This research is valuable for the development of studies on strategies for promoting religious moderation at the grassroots level.

Social Media in Electoral Communication: A Case Study of Strategic Initiatives by Bantul Election Commission for the 2024 Elections

In the contemporary landscape of democratic processes, the role of social media has become instrumental in shaping political communication strategies. This study investigates the nuanced dynamics of social media utilization, with a specific focus on its impact on the effectiveness of communication strategies employed during the 2024 Elections by the Bantul Election Commission (KPU Bantul) in Indonesia. Recognizing the potential of social media in enhancing voter participation, KPU Bantul strategically employed platforms such as Instagram, websites, and YouTube to educate, engage, and mobilize the public. Through a qualitative analysis rooted in social media theory and communication strategy frameworks, this research explores the innovative methods used by KPU Bantul. Key findings encompass strategic networking and coordination, digital literacy initiatives targeting novice voters, challenges in measuring social media impact, and the transformative potential of integrating social media within electoral processes. The study not only sheds light on the intricate mechanisms of social media utilization but also offers practical insights for improving social media initiatives in future electoral contexts.

The salafi da’wa movement in Jakarta from the perspective of media glocalization

Salafi is a transnational Islamic movement. In Indonesia, the spread of Salafism is influenced by graduates from the Middle East. As a conservative movement, the Salafi community in Jakarta has been different from its early days. Today they are a movement that enjoys modernity and negotiates its ideology. This research aims to investigate and analyze the occurrence of glocalization on the global ideology of the Salafi movement with local aspects in Jakarta, and to what extent this glocalization influences the transformation of their dakwah media to localize their ideology for acceptance on a local scale. This research uses the theory of glocalization through media by Jan Servaes and Rico Lie. The first concept of glocalization through media theory explains it from a transformationalist perspective. Second, this theory explains hybridization in glocalization. Third, it explains globalization, localization, and cultural identity. The three concepts in this theory become a reference in research related to the Salafi da'wah movement in Jakarta. The results of the discussion and analysis of the glocalization media of the Salafi da'wah movement in Jakarta show that in responding to globalization, the Salafi community at the Nurul Iman Blok M Square Mosque is transformationalist. They hybridize their global ideology by negotiating the Pancasila ideology which is a local ideology so that the process of glocalization of da'wah can be accepted by the local community. Through the media, one of their preachers also hybridizes ideology with a display that represents local symbols by wearing a black skullcap or national cap that is identical to the Indonesian cultural cap. Salafi communities in Jakarta also hybridize their fundamental ideology with media products as global or Western products in the context of media glocalization.

Health Communication and Port Harcourt Residents’ Perception of the Coverage of Diabetes Mellitus in Select Newspapers

This work analysed health communication and Port Harcourt residents’ perception of newspaper coverage of diabetes. The objectives were to: examine the level of exposure of Port Harcourt residents to the diabetes health messages; examine the perception of Port Harcourt residents on newspaper coverage of diabetes. The work was anchored on the Perception theory and development media theory. The population in Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor is projected from 2006 census to 2022 using the 2.5 projection rate. Therefore, the population for this study shall be ( 6,498,395 ) six million, four hundred and ninety-eight thousand three hundred and ninety-five (UNDP). The sample size of 400 was drawn using the Krejice and Morgan sample size table. The purposive sampling technique was used to select residents of Port Harcourt who are newspaper readers. Findings revealed that residents’ of Port Harcourt get diabetes messages from newspapers and other channels like family and friends, television and most importantly from broadcast medium The study also showed that residents’ of Port Harcourt Metropolis have a positive view on the newspaper been adequate for the coverage of health issues which also includes diabetes mellitus. The study recommended that Nigerian newspapers should publish editorials, features and photographs on diabetes prevention and management and other health related issues, because it will help increase the awareness of readers and help them appreciate prevention and management of diabetes intervention and other health intervention programmes available to them.

Look Up on Me: Analyzing Worship Media Technologies

ABSTRACT As electronic mass media has become a regular part of Christian worship, scholars and critics should consider how these tools complement the faith. This manuscript analyzes image magnification technology (IMAG) to uncover how the medium’s specific distinctions and components are congruent with religious belief. Informed by medium theory, this manuscript proposes a method to identify similarities between a medium’s technological utility and a church’s guiding religious principles. It then applies this framework specifically to the use of IMAG in evangelical Christian churches.

Toward Understanding Attention Economy in Metaverse: A Case Study of NFT Value

With the blooming of NFT platforms such as Opensea, metaverse has become the most booming concept in both industry and academia all around the universe. Comprehending the way metaverse economy operates and the intrinsic value propping, it has become the key to the essence of metaverse. We try to reveal the value of metaverse via two academic resources, attention economy and media theory, and describe the principle of value creation in metaverse economy. To better examine how the value of NFT projects is affected by human time and attention devoted to metaverse, we first study systems with structured rules, e.g., blockchain games, to measure the players’ time spent and to quantify the players’ rewards. In addition, we investigate systems without dominant rules, in which the value of the NFTs relies more on users’ subjective valuation of their community symbols. Two representative projects, Aavegotchi and Bored Ape Yacht Club, are examined as cases of the above two scenarios. We analyze the data of NFTs such as price, time devoted, and the number of likes and acquire some meaningful findings of how NFTs drive prices up. Building on the above researches, we consider NFT systems as partly attention economy fused with finance and propose a theory of physical products combined with NFT collections to help set the value anchor of early metaverse. This will have profound implications for areas of economy such as pricing theory.

New visions, new ecologies: On materialities and atmospheres in contemporary photography

This article proposes to reconceptualize the Hungarian photographer, artist and educator László Moholy-Nagy’s (1895–1946) inter-war call for a ‘new vision’ in order to grasp how artists presently experiment with photography and adjacent new technologies to explore the environmental, ecological and elemental dimension of media themselves. For Moholy-Nagy, photography represented a new way of seeing and experiencing the increasingly industrialized and automated world and a means of expanding our sensory perception. Drawing on recent scholarship of elemental media theory, I adapt Moholy-Nagy’s interest in the materiality of photography and the atmospheric and medial dimensions of light itself to an environmentally attuned notion of ‘new visions’. Exemplified with discussion of recent works by Emilija Škarnulytė, Lesia Vasylchenko and Istvan Virag, I show how a number of contemporary artists likewise scrutinize photography’s (understood in an expanded way) material basis and atmospheric qualities to explore new forms of image-making, including CGI and synthetic aperture radar images, fitted to reflect the accelerated automation and ecological precarity that mark the early twenty-first century.

Research on floating slab track isolator based on mixed media theory

Research on floating slab track isolator based on mixed media theory

Broadband Effective Permittivity Simulation and Measurement Techniques for 3-D-Printed Dielectric Crystals

Frequency-dependent dielectric properties of 3-D-printed structured dielectrics (dielectric crystals) with engineered effective permittivity for micro-and mmWave applications are studied. Different modeling and measurement techniques for broadband dielectric properties of such 3-D-printed crystals are reviewed, their tradeoffs discussed, and individual results compared. Numerically obtained results from the plane wave expansion method (PWEM) and Floquet port scattering are compared with traveling-wave measurements in both guided and free-space setups. Furthermore, the shortcomings of effective media theories (EMTs) and resonance measurement methods are addressed and contrasted against broadband methods. Individual simulation and measurement setups are reviewed with respect to dielectric crystals with simple cubic (SC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) symmetry, with different unit cell sizes and volumetric infill fractions. Extracted effective permittivity values from PWEM and Floquet port simulations show excellent agreement with traveling-wave measurements in both guided and free-space scenarios. Furthermore, the discussed broadband methods predict and measure frequency-dependent effects that are not covered by EMTs and resonance measurement setups, highlighting the necessity to adopt more sophisticated simulation tools for the design of graded-index devices. It is shown that the effective media bandwidth of dielectric crystals depends on the respective unit cell symmetry and that FCC symmetry obtains a significantly increased bandwidth compared with SC symmetry.

Print Media Transformation to Digital Platform: Case Study of Neraca Economic Daily Mediamorphosis

This research explains the mediamorphosis process of Neraca Economic Daily which gradually transformed to online media due to the disruption of communication technology by using Roger Fidler’s Mediamorphosis Theory and Media Economic Theory. By the time new communication media comes into existence; the current (or old) forms will not disappear, instead it will keep evolving and adapting. Technological determinism can shape human thoughts and behaviour in a social environment. Therefore, it may direct them to shift from one technological era to another. This research aims to see how the transition of the Neraca Economy Daily, from print media to online media and e-paper due to the disruption of information technology. This research uses descriptive qualitative approaches with interview method. The economic media theory is used to see how the Neraca economic daily sees the opportunity to maintain its media amidst the onslaught of digital disruption. Data used for this research was obtained from interviews, books, articles from national and international journals, media reports and documents which are relevant to this research. This study found that the management of Neraca economic daily keeps trying to produce newspapers everyday despite a small profit margin due to declining circulation. In the meantime, the management of Neraca Economic Daily also publishes an online version (neraca.co.id) and e-paper to maintain the presence of the daily while at the same time trying to find advertisements to maintain the media. Keywords: Mass media, vanishing newspaper, mediamorphosis, media economic, Neraca economic daily.

The Political Economy of Media in Reporting the Individual Candidate Bagyo Wahyono-FX Suparjo in the 2020 Surakarta City Election

The 2020 Surakarta City Regional Head Election was in the spotlight of Indonesian newspapers Solopos and Radar Solo ashe attraction of election is the presence of independent candidates, Bagyo Wahyono-FX Suparjo, who are competitors to the Gibran Rakabuming Raka-Teguh Prakosa pairing who were promoted to become a political party. With the difference in political caste between the two candidates, this study aims to dissect the practice of messages presented by two local newspapers in Surakarta, Solopos and Radar Solo towards the independent candidates. This study deployed Norman Fairclough's critical analysis method with approaches and paradigms of Vincent Mosco's political economy media theory. The results concluded Radar Solo tended to favor Gibran Rakabuming Raka in terms of choices and sentences presented to the audience. Meanwhile, Solopos chose a more neutral stance for both candidates. Messages presented by Solopos and Radar Solo need to provide a balanced space for the Bagyo Wahyono-FX Suparjo pairing. Various factors, such as the lack of optimal use of the Bagyo Wahyono-FX Suparjo pairing of media as a means of campaigning and the lack of a personal campaign agenda, influence this balance. Another significant finding is that there is a design and a more significant political interest behind one's appearance, which makes the dynamics of the Surakarta City Election run in vain. Keywords: Election, political communication, newspapers, candidate, discourse analysis.