Media Processing Research Articles

Modeling drainage in porous media considering locally variable contact angle based on pore morphology method

The pore morphology method (PMM) has been widely applied to simulate the quasi–static drainage process of porous media, which requires less computational time and computer memory compared to other two–phase flow simulation methods. However, most of the existing pore morphology simulations were restricted to totally wetting systems (i.e., contact angle is equal to zero). Here, we propose a new pore morphology method (Lvca–PMM) enhanced by considering locally variable contact angles, which now enables a reproduction of the primary drainage process for porous media under different wettability conditions featuring the full range of contact angle for wetting phase for various spatial distribution. A series of simulations are performed by using the Lvca–PMM to a porous medium under different uniform and mixed wettability conditions. The proposed Lvca–PMM presents a better result compared to the method by Schulz et al. (2014) for different wettability conditions. The capillary pressure–saturation relations as well as the pore–scale fluid distributions can be well captured by the proposed Lvca-PMM.

Revising the Assessment of Creative Competence of Journalism Students

This study proposes an effective development methodology for evaluating the creativity of journalism students. Within the framework of university education, it is proposed to focus the attention of teachers on creating a special educational environment (media park), where progressive forms and methods of teaching, game methods are used systematically, in the context of the ecology of media processes. The peculiarity of the methodology is that at the end of the educational process (the creation of a specific media product by the students), its effectiveness is measured by comparing the initial and final indicators of the creative competence of student journalists. The author proposes to use S. Mednik’s speech-thinking creativity test, which is based on an assessment of the level of development of the student’s thinking and speech in their relationship, which is extremely important for future journalists. The article presents the results of the practical application of this type of assessment. The relevance and novelty of the problematic are due to the following circumstances. On the one hand, active forms and methods of teaching, including project activities, are widely used in universities, on the other hand, the methodology for assessing the creative competence of students is currently not well developed and is practically not used in the curriculum. It should also be recognized that the assessment of this competence and the products of creativity in general, which, of course, includes a journalistic text, is complex and ambiguous, since it is influenced by a large number of subjective factors. This article proposes one of the ways to resolve this contradiction.

Thermo-Fluid Analysis on the Efficiency of Wet Compression Process

Wet compression has been well known as a promising technology to effectively increase the power output of the gas turbine engine by introducing fine droplets of water into the compressor stages. This lessens the temperature rise throughout the compression process of gas, thus leading to the reduction in the compressor work. A considerable amount of research on the wet compression process has been performed to date, but the detailed compression process of the two-phase gas media and fine droplets is not well understood yet. In the present study, the thermo-fluid analysis has been done on a simple flow model that has a spherical droplet of water inside a cylinder-piston system. The model is validated by using a quasi-steady D2 – Law of evaporation model. The compression rate is varied by employing the piston movement under various flow conditions such as percentage of overspray, water droplet diameter, relative humidity, and temperature. The results obtained show that for a higher percentage of overspray, smaller droplet diameters and a slower compression rate the efficiency obtained is high. Which results in lesser compressor work. The effects of compression rate, droplet diameter, overspray, and the efficiency of the wet compression have been explained and analyzed in detail.

Classification of Disc Stirrers of Tank Equipment for Liquid Media Processing (Survey of Patents)

Classification of Disc Stirrers of Tank Equipment for Liquid Media Processing (Survey of Patents)

Enhancement Digital Forensic Approach for Inter-Frame Video Forgery Detection Using a Deep Learning Technique

The digital world has been witnessing a fast progress in technology, which led to an enormous increase in using digital devices, such as cell phones, laptops, and digital cameras. Thus, photographs and videos function as the primary sources of legal proof in courtrooms concerning any incident or crime. It has become important to prove the trustworthiness of digital multimedia. Inter-frame video forgery one of common types of video manipulation performed in temporal domain. It deals with inter-frame video forgery detection that involves frame deletion, insertion, duplication, and shuffling. Deep Learning (DL) techniques have been proven effective in analysis and processing of visual media. Dealing with video data needs to handle the third dimension (the time dimension), which means extracting temporal features as well as spatial features. The proposed model is built based on the Three Dimension Convolution Neural Network (3D-CNN). Through pre-processing operation that introduced difference frames that pick up the difference in successive adjacent frames, which provide a large quantity of temporal information and lead to enhance the effectiveness of the proposed model. The model achieves high accuracy of 99%.

"Stylistics of mass media" as an academic discipline in the training process of future journalists

The training process of future journalists is of great importance in higher education institutions. The aim of it is to form creative, competent, innovation-oriented professionals who are good with words, able to express their thoughts and quickly adapt to a multicultural environment, and use knowledge, skills and abilities to succeed. This is due to modern requirements for the journalistic profession, society's demand for professional skills, improving the com­municative and linguistic level of future professionals. The article examines the issue of studying stylistics of mass media as an academic discipline in the training process of media officers. It also reveals the problem of improving the stylistic skills of journalism students in the process of mastering the course as an important factor in their training. The necessity of work on stylistic dexterity of speech in the context of improving the professional skills of a journalist is substantiated as well. It points out the importance of stylistics of mass media in the modern teaching process of future media officers as a means of forming a highly educated language personality that a modern journalist should be like. It is concluded that the stylistics of the media has great communicative potential, which contributes to the communicatively appropriate use of language in the future journalistic profession. Additionally, the study of this educational component will contribute to the assimilation of future journalists of the norms of modern Ukrainian literary language, and the formation of skills to create and edit media texts of different genres and styles. During the study of the educational component "Stylistics of mass media" higher education students master the skills of literate, expressive, clear speech, acquire skills in stylistic editing, use of oral and written forms of all functional styles, following spelling, orthoepic, lexical and grammatical, punctuation, thus improving their communication skills.

A cost-effectiveness analysis of PHiD-CV compared to PCV13 in a national immunization program setting in Tunisia

ABSTRACT Background In response to the substantial clinical and economic burden of diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in Tunisia, the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) was recently introduced into the national immunization program. However, there has yet to be a full-scale health economic analysis comparing currently available pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in Tunisia. Methods A Markov model that simulated the disease processes of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), pneumonia, and acute otitis media (AOM) over a newborn cohort lifetime was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness/utility of PHiD-CV and the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) from payer’s perspective, using 3% discounting. Vaccine effects were considered for up to 9 years of age. Results Vaccination with PHiD-CV or PCV13 was estimated to avert approximately 700 cases of IPD (200 meningitis, 500 bacteremia), and around 5,000 cases of all-cause pneumonia. However, PHiD-CV vaccination was estimated to avert around 4,000 additional AOM cases (18,000) versus PCV13 (14,000). Both PCVs were demonstrated to be cost-effective interventions, but PHiD-CV was estimated to generate additional cost savings of almost $1 million US dollars (USD) with similar levels of clinical benefits. An additional scenario which incorporated serotype-specific vaccine efficacy found no significant change in overall results. Conclusion PCVs are a cost-effective strategy to relieve the burden associated with diseases caused by S. pneumoniae and NTHi in Tunisia. PHiD-CV is more cost-effective than PCV13, generating similar health benefits, at a reduced net cost of almost $1 million USD per vaccinated cohort.

Degradation of commercial glyphosate-based herbicide via advanced oxidative processes in aqueous media and phytotoxicity evaluation using maize seeds

Glyphosate is a herbicide that acts as a broad-spectrum, non-selective, post-emergence systemic pest controller. Its continuing, increasing, and excessive use in many countries in recent years poses a significant threat to the environment and human health due to the prevalence of this herbicide in water bodies and its impact on non-target organisms. In this context, it is essential to develop processes aimed at the non-selective degradation of glyphosate and its by-products. In this study, various advanced oxidative processes were applied: Fenton, electro-Fenton, photoelectro-oxidation, and photoelectro-Fenton, with the objective of oxidizing glyphosate in the commercial product Roundup®. The resultant oxidation products and the phytotoxicological effect on maize seed germination were also analyzed. Following each treatment, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), glyphosate degradation, and oxidation by-product formation were analyzed. The treated solutions were used to germinate maize seeds for 7 days in a germination chamber applying a photoperiod of 12 h at 24 °C. The % of germination, protein and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, lipid peroxidation extent (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined. The photoelectro-Fenton treatment was the most effective in degrading glyphosate, operating synergistically to break glyphosate bonds, thereby generating non-toxic short-chain molecules. Maize seed germination was satisfactory (> 50 %), but the persistent formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) led to increased antioxidant activities of SOD, CAT, and POD enzymes acting in a compensatory manner against ROS, thus sustaining the photosynthetic apparatus. Hormesis, a stimulatory effect of glyphosate, was also observed in the presence of low concentrations of glyphosate.

Predicting sample heating induced by cantilevers illuminated by intense light beams

Hybrid microscopy based on Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence microscopy represents a commonplace experimental approach to study cell biology processes in liquid media at physiological temperature. However, many types of experimental artifacts can arise depending on the fluorescence illumination and detection technique utilized. For example, fluorescence excitation light gets absorbed by AFM cantilevers inducing local heating provoking undesirable as well as uncontrollable cantilever deflections. Here we present a numerical modelling approach based on a Finite Element Model (FEM) to predict sample heating in liquid media quantitatively, depending on illumination wavelength, illumination pattern, and cantilever shape and composition. Modelling results indicate substantial local temperature increases in-line with temperature increases derived from experimental cantilever deflections induced by fluorescence excitation light. We predict temperature increases of ∼0.05 – 0.5 °C for wide-field illumination and ∼5 – 15 °C for confocal illumination within the boundary conditions established, which could, for example, induce local protein conformational changes. We conclude that sample heating is an important issue requiring consideration in experimental set-ups involving intense light illumination of AFM cantilevers, especially when conducting single molecule investigations.

Pemanfaatan Library Zxing Sebagai Pembaca Barcode pada Aplikasi Sistem Inventory Toko Pakaian

Rapidly developing applications have provided enermous benefits for small and medium enterprises activities such as clothing stores. Therefore we need a good inventory system in a clothing store. In this study, the author will design an android-based inventory application system that will be implemented in a clothing store. This applications was built by utilizing a mobile device as a media processing clothing inventory system. This application will utilize the android device’s camera as a barcode scanner or barcode reader. So that, all sales transactions will be done through a barcode scanner. Where the barcode image will be generated automatically based on the id of the clothes. With this applications, it will be easier for the clothing shop owner to process their clothing inventory system because all the processes are carried out in one android-based smartphone device. In implementation, this application will utilize the Zxing library as a function of distrbuting barcodes on smartphone devices.

Analysis of the design of ultrasonic electronic generators

The design and operation of electronic generators for ultrasonic intensification of processes in gaseous and liquid media will be considered. General requirements and new approaches to electronic generators have been developed based on the analysis of the characteristics of modern piezoelectric vibration systems that perform large amplitude oscillations (quality factor, multi-frequency, multilayer piezoelectric elements). Continuous monitoring of system parameters and setting of optimal operating modes of the electronic generator were studied.

Media Production Using Cloud and Edge Computing: Recent Progress and NBMP-Based Implementation

Media production is facing tremendous challenges during processing and transmission, due to large data volume, high computational complexity and real-time transmission requirement. Hence, more and more media servers tend to spread media content in a distributed manner, over e.g., cloud platform or edge computing nodes, which are closer to client side and/or have adequate computing capacity. Benefiting from cloud or edge computing, users can receive various media service with high quality and low latency. Network-based Media Processing (NBMP) established by International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard organization-Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), is one of these representative distributed architectures, which has attracted a wide range of attention. This paper focuses on emerging cloud and edge computation for media production to highlight the necessity of adopting a distributed computing framework. We take NBMP architecture as an example, and introduce the basic components and workflow in distributed processing frameworks. Moreover, we also provide related application instances based on NBMP with the hope of promoting future development of cloud and edge computation.

Self-Perception on Information Technology Skills of Pre-Service Teachers from the Point of View of Their Programs

This article presents the initial results of a survey on the IT skills of prospective teachers of different teaching programs of the faculty of pedagogy of Dalat university (Vietnam). These students have no academic IT training in their curriculum, so the objectives of this survey were (1) to find out their self-perception about the skills IT they use almost every day but without a specific course, and (2) to identify specific profiles according to the different programs and to make a comparison between them. The survey has been conducted through the Internet, using Google Forms, and the responses were anonymous. The questions were focused on their self-perception on their skills regarding media processing (images, sounds, and videos) and website creation. 72 responses were received among which 70 were valid. The results show that there is not a significant difference between the student’s self-perception skills according to their programs whereas there are differences according to the kind of the media processing skills.

Democratization and Advancement of Media Pluralism in Bosnia and Herzegovina Obstructive Mechanisms in Media

The establishment and development of media pluralism is an important prerequisite for the democratization of media systems. Exposure of the media to various aspects of instrumentalization significantly limits the process of its democratization, which results in the media being inadequately differentiated, politically polarised, and commercially instrumentalized, thus narrowing the space for media organizations to act in a professional and free manner, based on public interest. The aforementioned trends point to the dominant presence and agency of obstructive mechanisms within the process of media and media systems democratization and establishment of media pluralism. Concerning the aforementioned, the paper presents mechanisms or patterns of agency that primarily obstruct the development of internal media pluralism in the media market of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Internal pluralism is especially significant for the process of successful media democratization since it is a common case that external pluralism merely serves the purpose of providing a formal cover for meeting criteria as regards plurality of media companies and their respective editorial policies. To this end, the paper identifies critical issues in media practice and journalism as a profession in Bosnia and Herzegovina, featuring them as primary aspects within the context of effective democratization and orientation towards the successful establishment of differentiation of media content at the level of individual media organizations. The level of criticality of various aspects of the media is examined from the perspective of both journalists and editors employed with respective media organizations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as of media managers in this media market.

Interpreting Self-Potential Signal during Reactive Transport: Application to Calcite Dissolution and Precipitation

Geochemistry and reactive transport play a critical role in many fields. In particular, calcite dissolution and precipitation are chemical processes occurring ubiquitously in the Earth’s subsurface. Therefore, understanding and quantifying them are necessary for various applications (e.g., water resources, reservoirs, geo-engineering). These fundamental geochemical processes can be monitored using the self-potential (SP) method, which is sensitive to pore space changes, water mineralization, and mineral–solution interactions. However, there is a lack of physics-based models linking geochemical processes to the SP response. Thus, in this study, we develop the first geochemical–geophysical fully coupled multi-species numerical workflow to predict the SP electrochemical response. This workflow is based on reactive transport simulation and the computation of a new expression for the electro-diffusive coupling for multiple ionic species. We apply this workflow to calcite dissolution and precipitation experiments, performed for this study and focused on SP monitoring alternating with sample electrical conductivity (EC) measurements. We carried out this experimental part on a column packed with calcite grains, equipped for multichannel SP and EC monitoring and subjected to alternating dissolution or precipitation conditions. From this combined experimental investigation and numerical analysis, the SP method shows clear responses related to ionic concentration gradients, well reproduced with electro-diffusive simulation, and no measurable electrokinetic coupling. This novel coupled approach allows us to determine and predict the location of the reactive zone. The workflow developed for this study opens new perspectives for SP applications to characterize biogeochemical processes in reactive porous media.

Numerical simulation of filtration in a fractured-porous oil-saturated reservoir drilled on overbalance for various types of development

Structural features of fractured-porous reservoirs lead to the need to apply dual porosity/permeability models to correctly describe filtration and other processes in such media. The paper presents a model of an oil-saturated fractured-porous reservoir penetrated by overbalance drilling and an example of numerical calculation of the most important parameters. The model is based on the Barenblatt approach, when the systems of fractures and blocks are presented as continuous media connected by fluid exchange. In addition, unlike the known models, it takes into account the influence of deformation processes associated with reservoir development on filtration characteristics. The model allows for various assessments of filtration, flow and other parameters in various well operation modes, such as production or drilling.

Pore-Scale Study on Convective Drying of Porous Media.

In this work, a numerical model for isothermal liquid-vapor phase change (evaporation) of the two-component air-water system is proposed based on the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method. Through the Chapman-Enskog multiscale analysis, we show that the model can correctly recover the macroscopic governing equations of the multicomponent multiphase system with a built-in binary diffusion mechanism. The model is verified based on the two-component Stefan problem where the measured binary diffusivity is consistent with theoretical analysis. The model is then applied to convective drying of a dual-porosity porous medium at the pore scale. The simulation captures a classical transition in the drying process of porous media, from the constant rate period (CRP, first phase) showing significant capillary pumping from large to small pores, to the falling rate period (FRP, second phase) with the liquid front receding in small pores. It is found that, in the CRP, the evaporation rate increases with the inflow Reynolds number (Re), while in the FRP, the evaporation curves almost collapse at different Res. The underlying mechanism is elucidated by introducing an effective Péclet number (Pe). It is shown that convection is dominant in the CRP and diffusion in the FRP, as evidenced by Pe > 1 and Pe < 1, respectively. We also find a log-law dependence of the average evaporation rate on the inflow Re in the CRP regime. The present work provides new insights into the drying physics of porous media and its direct modeling at the pore scale.

Application of agent-based approach for heat conduction processes simulation

Heat transfer processes are the basis of the most technological processes of the energy sector. Thus, the development of modern approaches for computer simulation and visualization of the phenomena of thermal energy transfer in various objects are of great importance and is relevant. Classical models in the form of differential equations of various types describe processes in continuous space and time. So, it is difficult to apply classical models to study nonlinear phenomena, and processes in inhomogeneous media in the presence of discontinuous solutions at the boundaries. In these cases, simplifying assumptions are used, thus, the adequacy of the models is reduced. It is of great interest to apply fundamentally different approaches to describe transfer processes, which include discrete dynamic models. The purpose of this project is to study the possibilities to apply discrete approaches to simulate nonlinear heat transfer processes under conditions of material inhomogeneity and the presence of volume sources of variable power. The paper studies the possibilities to apply the agent-based approach to simulate models of complex systems. This approach allows us to consider a continuum as a set of interacting elements (agents). The behavior of the elements is completely described by local dependencies. At the same time, the laws of functioning of individual elements are accepted as deterministic and they correspond to the fundamental principles of the theory of heat transfer. The possibility to apply a discrete approach for simulating the process of heat transfer by the molecular mechanism has been studied. The general methodology to develop an agent-based deterministic model is described. Its applicability to describe quasi-linear and nonlinear heat conduction processes is considered. The examples of simulation of combustion processes complicated by exothermic and endothermic effects are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method are indicated. The results of the study have shown that discrete agent models are a good alternative to classical continuum approaches to study heat transfer processes in inhomogeneous media. The results obtained do not contradict modern approaches to the description of thermal processes. It has also been found that the simulation algorithms used in the agent-based approach are quite universal and easily adapt to changes under the conditions of problem setting. The analysis of the results makes it possible to recommend a discrete agent-based approach to develop simulation models of complex technological processes and systems.

The Use of Social Media by Spanish Feminist Organizations: Collectivity From Individualism

In recent years, social media platforms have become a popular tool for feminist activists and the main medium of communication for new feminist organizations to gain higher visibility. However, along with opportunities, they also bring a reshaping of communication forms and challenges in the modes of organization of these groups, which seek to transform the prevailing individualist logic of the mediated social media landscape into a collective identity. Through the findings of qualitative, semi-structured interviews and the analysis of the content published online, this article looks at the structures of interactions and organizing processes in the social media accounts of new Spanish feminist groups. The findings show that although the committees are aware of the importance of an online presence, they face many obstacles in the creation of collective profiles due to the lack of guidelines, having no clear organized steps on how to post content with consensus within each committee, and the many demands of the speed-driven nature of social media platforms.

Editorial: Networks and Organizing Processes in Online Social Media

Online social media present unprecedented opportunities and challenges for a range of organizing processes such as information sharing, knowledge creation, collective action, and post-disaster resource mobilization. Concepts and tools of network research can help highlight key aspects of online interaction. This editorial introduction frames the thematic issue along three themes of networked processes: identity and identification; interaction patterns in online communities; and challenges and cautionary notes concerning social media organizing. A diverse range of country contexts, as well as theoretical and methodological approaches illustrated in this issue, represent the multifaceted research that scholars can undertake to understand networked organizing on social media.