Media Objects Research Articles

Speaking for the youth, speaking for the planet: Greta Thunberg and the representational politics of eco-celebrity

ABSTRACT Greta Thunberg is the world’s best-known environmental activist. She has been covered by the international press, featured on television talk shows, presented in music videos, and been the object of social media memes – a visibility that has made her a global celebrity. But unlike other public figures whose stardom is attached to, rather than driven by environmental activism, Thunberg’s eco-celebrity is anchored to her role in starting a global climate movement. Her activism is youth-centric and her eco-politics highly confrontational. Focusing on English language media from around the world, this essay explores how Thunberg’s rise to global eco-celebrity has been media-centric while still being remarkably resistant to co-optation within the broader terrain of climate change politics. Emphasis is placed on how Thunberg has used her celebrity status to take aim at the material realities and social practices that have caused the climate crisis, and push for radical and immediate change.

Concepts, causes and consequences of trust in news media – a literature review and framework

ABSTRACT Research on trust in media is on the rise. However, communication scholars have addressed related concepts (e.g. media credibility) for decades, and these concepts have often been used interchangeably with that of trust. This practice has resulted in a confusing field of research, with studies using different labels and drawing on various theoretical backgrounds. This article aims to improve conceptual clarity. On the basis of a literature review, we first propose a broad conceptualization of trust in news media and disentangle it from related concepts. Second, we develop a framework that identifies individual- and societal-level causes and consequences of trust in various media objects. Third, we review the current state of research on social, political, and media-related correlates of trust.

The Labor of Curating: Fandom, Museums, and the Value of Fan Heritage

The Labor of Curating: Fandom, Museums, and the Value of Fan Heritage

MIRRE approach: nonlinear and multimodal exploration of MIR aggregated search results

Nowadays, web users frequently explore multimedia contents to satisfy their information needs. The exploration approaches usually provide linear interaction mechanisms and do not exploit the multiple information modalities associated with results. They cannot treat multimedia documents as aggregated entities. The aggregation of results in multimedia documents and nonlinear navigation in them is usually not possible. The exploration of multimedia content segregated in multiple verticals is tedious. In this research, we propose an approach to address the core issues in multimedia contents exploration. We provide a nonlinear and multimodal exploration of multimedia document results. We generate result spaces by exploiting multimodal similarity and semantic relationships in results and enable their nonlinear and multimodal exploration via a search user interface (SUI) design. The result space connects retrieved multimedia documents and their aggregated media objects via multimodal similarity and semantic relationships, respectively. The SUI provides lookup, preview/view/access, browsing, and visualization of multimedia documents by introducing various types of interface components. The approach has been instantiated over a real dataset of aggregated multimedia documents and evaluated via usability tests. Our investigation reveals that 93.33% users had completed exploration tasks within time limits. The overall usability scores assessed via SUS and PUEU instruments are 72.1% and 61.6%, respectively. The user satisfaction tested via QUIS-instrument is 70.3%. The usage of elementary SUI components providing the nonlinear exploration is high. The ploy-representation of results improves the overall information gain. The evaluation reveals that approach is usable, gives a satisfactory exploration mechanism, and SUI components collectively provide exploration.

Experiments in the Cine-Olympic Cycle: Camera Technology and Operation in The Grand Olympics (1961) and White Rock (1977)

This article examines two lesser-known official films from the cycle of the Olympic Games: The Grand Olympics (Romolo Marcellini, 1961) and White Rock (Tony Maylam, 1977). The filmmakers’ experiments with wide-screen composition, extreme telephoto lensing, and novel means of tracking athletics in action challenge us to recalibrate our critical lexicon with respect to the process of screening sport. Combining insights into changes in film stock and optics with a close reading of the films, the article makes a case for placing technological shifts and below-the-line craft of production personnel in dialogue with accounts of Olympic cinema that privilege auteurist and ideological readings. In this vein, the article builds off John Caldwell’s work on industrial reflexivity and Katie Bird’s scholarship on embodied camerawork, body-mount rigs, and winter sport production. Augmenting these approaches with careful attention to “minor” technological shifts and their experimental use vis-à-vis Olympic sport allows for holistic analyses of film that can bridge technical specifics, formal analysis, and production studies. In so doing, the article suggests that while sports media is a particularly rich site for such a study, this approach is likewise useful for media objects far afield from those produced in Olympic stadia.

ВКР КАК ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СИСТЕМА: ИЗ ОПЫТА НАУЧНОГО РУКОВОДСТВА

The publication is devoted to the problem of insufficient elaboration of methodological materials and evaluation tools for the creation by university graduates of a package of electronic materials for the final study, including a presentation version of the final qualifying work (FQP). Purpose: to present the basic methodological model of the presentation version (PV) of the FQP (bachelor's level) offered to the 4th year students of the Institute of Philology and History of the Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH) (direction of preparation 45.03.02 "Linguistics", profile: "Translation and Translation Studies"); to analyze FQPs, the process of writing and preparation for the defense of which was carried out according to the methodology of the PV FQP model to bring the terminological apparatus of the discipline "Computer support of translation activity" ("CSTA") in the process of mastering which students develop PF FQP in standard and specialized software for the translator. Methods. Systemic method - the process of writing the text of the FQP, the development of the presentation version and the protection procedure are considered as a single educational system that requires the coordination of educational activities and the correct distribution of time; induction method - the conclusions given in the publication are formulated on the basis of the experience of the scientific leadership of several FQPs and the application of the proposed PV model; comparison method and comparative analysis - a comparative characteristic of the PV of two studies is given, recommendations for the use of media objects are given, the structure of PV FQP is presented, which consists of seven basic structural elements. Conclusions. The article deals with the problem of systematization of educational activities in the preparation of FQP; the concept of preparation for the defense of the final project and the basic methodological model of the presentation version of the FQP, carried out in the standard and specialized software of the translator, were developed. The carried out comparative analysis of PV FQP shows that, despite the schematization and a similar model used, each of the works is independent, contains individual distinctive characteristics in terms of presentation design, configuration of semantic accents and the final applied result.

FiM’s DE - the communication package for the creative pipeline

The FotoInMotion (FiM) project is building a novel media creation platform, leveraging the use of semi-automated analysis and editing tools to empower creators to easily transform static visual acquisitions of real-world events into rich, animated and engaging objects, distributable through common channels. FiM transforms the content creative chain into an integrated pipeline across which media and metadata seamlessly flow and are exploited to produce more complex media objects. One of the addressed challenges consists the need for a seamless and efficient communication across such pipeline and on how to preserve, in a structured manner, all of the involved media and metadata. Existing standardized metadata tools and content wrappers are limited in expressivity and scope and incapable of fully supporting the needs of the content creative pipeline. This paper describes FiM’s new structured data object, i.e. the Digital Event (DE), which acts as a universal vehicle for media and metadata. It builds on well-established and emergent MPEG standards (MPEG-21, MPEG-V, MPEG-7 and MPEG HEIF), to support data diversity, interoperability, packaging and sharing, within complex, Machine Learning enhanced, creative pipelines. Our solution has been validated by creative professionals (photojournalism, fashion marketing and festivals), who have conducted experiments within the context of different creative workflows in real world scenarios. DE’s employment revealed to be advantageous, particularly in the homogenization of the media and metadata representation and packaging and in the normalization of the interaction between different pipeline components.

Chapaev as a Media Object: from the Civil War to the Black Lives Matter Movement

The article explores the dynamics of the image of V.I. Chapaev in the Soviet and post-Soviet media space. Using the theory of post-memory by M. Hirsch and S. O’Donoghue as methodology of research, the author analyzes the transformation of the main characteristics of the image, its place in Russian historical memory and in the cultural tradition. V.I. Chapaev became one of the most significant characters in the Soviet cultural tradition. After the fall of the Soviet Union the image of Chapaev however retained its significance in the context of rethinking the Soviet heritage. The article highlights the following stages of transformation of V.I. Chapaev’s image: the inclusion in the "founding myth" and gradual transformation into a Soviet epic hero (crowding out collective trauma); debunking the heroic status within the framework of the "carnival culture" and turning into a character of anecdotes (de-traumatization in the process of post-memory formation); transformation into a hero of Internet memes (transformation of post-memory and de-actualization of the themes of the Civil War). The author argues that the burst of memes depicting Chapaev in 2020 demonstrates a post-ironic attitude to the Black Lives Matter movement in Russian society. The author concludes that the fact that Chapaev’s image was included in a fundamentally different political and cultural context demonstrates that the symbolic potential of the Civil War memory in Russia is entirely exhausted and can no longer serve as a tool for the formation of commemorative practices.

Effect of Nanoparticles Generated in Acoustic Plasma Discharge on Microbiological Objects in Liquid Media

The main purpose of this work was to study the effect of plasma on microbiologically active objects in liquid-phase media for selective plasma-biological reactions and processes, and to develop methods for controlled elimination of microbiological objects in aqueous media for the purpose of their disinfection. Methods and equipment for acoustic plasma discharge excitation in a liquid medium flow have been theoretically justified and developed. The aqueous solution at increased pressure was directed into the hydrodynamic radiator at the reaction chamber inlet, where an ultrasonic two-phase vapor-liquid flow was formed.

Four-D Models Method Validation Analysis of an Android-Based Learning Media

This article presents the results of validation analysis of an android-based learning media that is applied to entrepreneurship subjects which specialized in tourism majors at vocational schools in Padang. The main object of this learning media was it can be accessed via mobile phone and this learning media accessible for teachers and students anytime, anywhere. The validation analysis of learning media was obtained from media experts and content experts. The validation results were used as reference for utilization of an android-based learning media at vocational school in Padang.

A Broken Mirror Held to History’s Face On the Narrative Use of Computer Screens, Multi Screen Experiences, and a Transmedia Theoretical Console in the Popular Assassin’s Creed Series

This paper presents media theorist Nanna Verhoeff’s concept of the theoretical console, as a popular and overt form of transmedia narrative. The theoretical console is taken to be a transmedia assemblage that draws attention to itself, as comprising diverse and meaningful media objects, that can be connected in a shared narrative. My main examples of this concept here are those popular video games that spatially juxtapose several types of computer screens and computer uses, with a narrative emphasis. With extensive references to theory on screened media and on transmedia narratives, Assassin’s Creed IV: Black Flag is my main example case study. Specifically, this game and its series peers encourage historiographic contemplations, by assembling a theoretical console across several media forms. Other popular video games from that series provide variations of this same transmedia constellation, this “theoretical console”. In its transmedia constellation, with a second screen mobile phone app, and other complementary screen media, the fictionalized history of Assassin’s Creed IV: Black Flag implicates elements from its actual reality, across various forms of engagement. Assassin’s Creed IV: Black Flag presents a high fidelity historical fiction, to be comprehensively enacted. It mirrors the player’s use of differing computer screens diegetically within playable frame story sections. In addition, the complementary affordances of the mobile phone app, and integrated social media websites, all encourage its player to stay involved in this fictional world, even outside immediate play. With this, the game draws many activities into a single transmedial fiction constellation. Moreover, the game diegetically references online repositories for both its fictionalized history, and actual history. This use of computer screens, to form a transmedia constellation in the form of an overt theoretical console, is shown to complement this popular game’s hypermediative narrative of a fictional shadow war secretly driving actual human history, which then meaningfully posits how to theorize history in our everyday lives.

The Robot Does Not Exist: Remixing Psychic Automatism and Artificial Creative Intelligence

In the just-published Remixing Persona: An Imaginary Digital Media Object from the Onto-Tales of the Digital Afterlife, artists Mark Amerika and Laura Hyunjhee Kim perform as MALK, a new media remix band that ruminates on the post-digital life of the traditional scholarly book. Working against the concept of an e-book, the publication includes an original music video titled the Digital Afterlife as well as a downloadable PDF that the artists refer to as an imaginary digital media object (IDMO). The work has been released as the inaugural publication in the new MEDIA : ART : WRITE : NOW series with Open Humanities Press. For this special issue of Media-N, MALK proposes their next IDMO track by focusing on the relationship between AI-generated forms of remix and artist-generated forms of psychic automatism. The experiment will start with the artists improvising a cluster of hand-drawn charts that conceptually blend their musings on what they refer to as “future forms of artificial creative intelligence.” The language in these charts will then serve as source material to input into an advanced Generative Pre-trained Transformer to trigger source material for a new music video and an adjoining PDF. Our question is whether the Generative Pre-trained Transformer as an advanced yet still essentially weak AI can co-write the artists’ IDMO as they address issues related to their research into psychic automatism and artificial creative intelligence.

A generation of a Multi Layered Application by Applying the MDA Approach for Online Learning Platforms

The e-learning study reflects a trend in the integration of information and communication technologies in universities. This trend evokes a new form of teaching and learning and a new form of relationship between students and teachers. In fact, information and communication technologies, such as e-learning, call into question the ways of thinking and the ways of acting of individuals in the representation of learning. This paradigm shift requires introspection and the renewal of skills. In the face of these changes, higher education institutes must develop and make essential the courses that allow students to adapt to the new demands of the labor market. on the other hand, information and communication technologies and computer networks, These objects from daily life, are part of the immediate environment that is both professional, educational and personal of each one. With the massive arrival of personal and accessible digital tools (computers, nomadic equipment such as mobile phones and digital tablets, etc…), multiple online spaces are emerging on the Internet (discussion forums, e-learning platforms, blogs, messaging, chats, social networks like Facebook, online information sharing sites, etc…). E-learning offers features that differentiate it from others media objects such as books or television. e-learning offers quick, even instant, access to a multitude of information sources. They make it possible to store them and facilitate the possibilities of networking between individuals and groups of individuals whatever the time and place. Access to the Internet information network is “universal”. You only need to connect to a computer on the network to access almost this entire network. Access is also “simultaneous” because each Internet user exists on the network in the form of information by “his digital presence”, by the data that he moves or deposits and the interactions caused. We can also say that access is independent of time and distance since it is a space permanently open to human activity. Developing an e-learning application for each technology requires a lot of human resources and technical knowledge. To solve this problem we propose a development of an e-learning application according to a model-driven architecture approach. This paper is a development of our work in paper [Srai,2020].

ПРЕСА ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛО ВИВЧЕННЯ ІСТОРІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ДРУКОВАНИХ ЗМІ (1900–1939 рр.)

The issue of information potential of the Ukrainian press of the first forty-years of the 20th century as a source of data on Ukrainian print media of the indicated period is highlighted. The survey of a number of newspapers and magazines issued at that time in different regions of Ukraine (in such cities and towns as Ielisavetgrad, Kyiv, Lviv, Skvyra, Sokal, Odesa, Khorol, and so on) and abroad (Vienna, Ekaterinodar, Paris, Prague, Ruski Krstur, Scranton, Tashkent, Harbin, and others), is made. The materials on the history of Ukrainian press were selected, their analysis was performed. Conditional groups of these publications are defined: 1) promotional and organizational materials; 2) bibliographic lists; 3) press studies related publications; 4) biographical materials; 5) re ports on the activities of various institutions. Their content is studied; a number of examples are given. It is noted that the Ukrainian press of the first four decades of the 20th century contains important data on the history and bibliography of individual journals, groups of publications (by place, year of publication, type, specialization, and so on) as well as the system of Ukrainian print media in general. In particular, this article shows that the studied materials help the modern researcher to elucidate purpose and objectives of specific media objects, to establish reasons for their creation/closure, the circle of employees/ authorship, publishers and, last but not least, real editors. It is elucidated here that some publications contain information about the circulation of periodicals, the amount of royalties, editorial policies aimed at expanding the readership, content of publications, and so on. The value of such data for reconstructing the history of the unpreserved print media is emphasized. It is noted that the pages of the studied newspapers and magazines contain information about press projects, which implementation has yet to be verified. It has been stated that the study of materials of the thematic direction published in the press during the first forty years of the XX century contributes to the reconstruction of the history of particular media objects and the history of the Ukrainian journalism of that period in general. Keywords: press, information potential, source of studying the history of mass media, Ukrainian print media, history of the journalism.

Determination of relative position of antenna system and RGB-D sensor in combined microwave imaging system

Microwave imaging technique allows obtaining images of hidden objects in structures and media using microwaves. This technique has various applications such as: nondestructive testing, medical imaging, concealed weapon detection, through-the-wall imaging, etc. Obtaining radar images in these applications is based on processing phase and amplitude of the reflected signal recorded over an aperture (a microwave hologram). Recently, systems began to appear in which the radar part is supplemented by an RGB-D sensor, which allows to obtain new capabilities. For example, there is the a microwave screening system architecture in which inverse synthetic aperture is formed by the natural motion of the subject in the vicinity of a stationary linear antenna array. The microwave system is complemented with an synchronous RGB-D video sensor which captures the trajectory of the moving subject in 3D and allows coherent processing of the radar signal. Another system detects objects buried under irregular surface and uses RGB-D sensor for capturing the surface relief for suppressing reflection of the sounding signal from the surface. Calibration between a radar and an RGB-D sensor is an essential process for microwave and optical data fusion. This article presents a novel approach for calibration, using a planar calibration target which is made of radiotransparent material (such a foam plastic sheet) with square marker and six small metal balls embedded in target surface and representing point objects. The proposed method exploits 3D-3D correspondences between coordinates of point objects in two coordinate systems associated to the sensor and to the radar. One points set is extracted from optical data, using marked corners of the target as a base points. Second points set is obtained from microwave data as local maxima of 3D volume of data reconstructed from one-frequency microwave hologram. Computer modeling were performed using Autodesk 3ds Max software by which models of all components of the system were built and the optical image from the sensor was modeled. Test experiments were carried out using a measurement system composed of the following components: a compact vector network analyzer (VNA), two mechanical scanners with stepper motors, one transmitting and one receiving horn antennas, mounted on the VNA, an RGB-D sensor, a microcontroller board, and a computer. The high accuracy of the method is confirmed both by computer modeling and physical experiment. The accuracy of determination of relative position between the radar and the sensor is about one fifth of the signal wavelength used.

An analytical model of a dynamic boundary layer on a surface in a laminar flow regime

To solve the problems of designing systems operating in Newtonian media in the mode of surface flow, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the motion of media on the flow surfaces. This will make it possible to calculate the energy losses for the transportation of media and the force characteristics of the movement of objects in such media. This paper presents an analytical model of tangential stresses generated on the flow surfaces in a dynamic laminar boundary layer. The flow medium is assumed to be Newtonian. For the universality of the results, the velocity modeling in terms of the thickness of the laminar boundary layer and tangential stresses on the flow surface is carried out in relative parameters. The ratio of the boundary layer thickness y/δ is taken in the range of ≈0...1, the ratio of velocities at the boundary and in the boundary layer is vx /vo = 0...1, and the Mach number is 0.0001...0.1 for a laminar boundary layer. The velocity distribution over the boundary layer thickness and tangential stresses were obtained. The nature of the change in tangential stresses along the boundary layer thickness from ≈0 to 20-10-21 is linear and depends on the Mach number. The tangential stresses directly on the flow surface vary from 704.4 EPa to 704.4 PPa at Mach numbers from 0.1 to 0.0001. The developed analytical dependences of the velocity and tangential stresses allow us to model the dynamic characteristics of the laminar boundary layer on the flow surface for Newtonian media.

Strategije u stvaranju naslova vesti informativnih onlajn portala u Srbiji

Online media are assuming greater role when it comes to informing public in Serbia, currently holding second place, after Television, which is still the main source of information. The article is based on empirical pilot research project which gave us basis for better understanding of how much the leading Serbian online media use the approach which can be described as "fake news" or "clickbait" strategy when it comes to creating News headlines, and how this can influence quality of their reporting. We have monitored all articles from "News" section of three News portals in Serbia: Blic.rs, Kurir. rs and Telegraf.rs. Using the content analysis method, the headlines of the news were classified as "fake news", "clickbait" or "appropriate". The additional research examined the headline as for their potential biased formulation, as well as usage of inappropriate wording. Research has shown that media in question are mostly using appropriate headlines, but there is also certain number of "fake news" headlines, as well as a significant number of "clickbait" headlines. It's been noticed that these approaches were used for news that are most important for public information such as: politics, public health and general safety, what is a worrying tendency. The majority of biased headlines were related to political issues, which can imply undesirable lack of media objectivity. Inappropriate language (wording) has mostly been found in headlines covering Crime section, which can imply "tabloid" approach in those media.

Pentingnya Penggunaan Media Realia Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik

In essence, the teaching and learning process cannot be separated from the role of the media. There are various learning media, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, as an educator, you must be wise in choosing appropriate learning media for the material to be taught. One of the learning media that must exist in learning is realia media. Media Realia is a learning resource in which it contains messages that involve the sense of sight or subject matter that is made interesting in a real (imitation) form. So that it makes students not bored in participating in learning, and student learning outcomes also increase. Realia media has advantages, namely: Easy to find, because realia media is a real media that is around the environment. Provide clear and accurate information. It doesn't take much time to prepare. While the weaknesses are: The size of the realia media is too small or too large so it requires another object or room to see it. The risk of bringing students to see real media outside the school environment. It costs a lot of money to hold real media objects.

Mixed Spectral Element Method for Electromagnetic Secondary Fields in Stratified Inhomogeneous Anisotropic Media

The spectral element method (SEM) is widely used for analyzing high frequency electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering in complex structures. At low frequencies, however, the primary (direct) fields are usually much larger than the secondary fields caused by scattering, thus making it much more difficult to accurately simulate the secondary (scattered) fields because of the source singularity in the primary fields. To more effectively and accurately simulate the low-frequency secondary fields in subsurface structures, in this work the vector Helmholtz equation for the scattered fields is used to directly obtain the secondary field data in inhomogeneous anisotropic media. The computational method for the secondary electromagnetic fields is based on the mixed spectral element method (mixed SEM) for anisotropic objects in a layered anisotropic background medium. The electromagnetic field is separated into the background fields that are evaluated analytically using the dyadic Green's functions (DGFs) of a layered uniaxially anisotropic medium, and the secondary fields caused by anomalous bodies with arbitrary shapes are numerically computed by the mixed SEM. This avoids the source singularity, and allows the transmitters to be located outside the computational domain. By enforcing Gauss' law as the constraint condition, the mixed SEM efficiently eliminates the low frequency breakdown problem. Numerical results verify the proposed method over the traditional SEM in low-frequency scattering from objects in subsurface layered anisotropic media.

Leitura de mídias móveis como estratégia complementar de projeto

O uso de dispositivos móveis e a emergência da cultura de aplicativos proporcionam novas formas de interação entre sujeito e espaço, promovendo conexão, aprendizado e inovação considerados positivos para a vivência nas cidades. Com isso, a presente pesquisa buscou investigar diversas classes de aplicativos móveis, por intermédio de uma oficina pedagógica com estudantes de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, realizando análises e leituras de objetos midiáticos, com a aplicação do método close reading com lente analítica das poéticas das novas mídias. A ideia principal das poéticas é tornar presente para a consciência humana novas camadas de significação e existência, desvendando e revelando mundos a partir da produção de significados e realidades da cidade permeada por mídias móveis. Os dados do experimento foram coletados por meio de questionários, observação participante e grupo focal, os quais foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo da construção do discurso do sujeito coletivo, triangulados juntamente com a literatura existente (remediação, hipermediação e imediação, narrativa, interatividade e agência). Frente ao experimento pedagógico, foi possível compreender como os estudantes consideram e avaliam as possibilidades de pensar criticamente sobre o espaço mediado por mídias móveis. Além disso, os insights obtidos pelas análises podem se tornar informações complementares no diagnóstico arquitetônico, o que pode direcionar a novas possibilidades de solução de projeto. Observou-se também, que as possíveis intervenções podem se materializar em diversas escalas, constituindo-se de intervenções físicas até intervenções legais no âmbito da cidade.