Use In Media Research Articles

Machine learning-enabled traveltime inversion based on the horizontal source-location perturbation

Gradient-based traveltime tomography, which aims to minimize the difference between modeled and observed first-arrival times, is a highly nonlinear optimization problem. Stabilization of this inverse problem often requires using regularization. Although regularization helps avoid local minima solutions, it might cause low-resolution tomograms because of its inherent smoothing property. However, although conventional ray-based tomography can be robust in terms of the uniqueness of the solution, it suffers from the limitations inherent in ray tracing, which limits its use in complex media. To mitigate the aforementioned drawbacks of gradient and ray-based tomography, we have approached the problem in a novel way leveraging data-driven inversion techniques based on training deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN). Because DCNN often face challenges in detecting high-level features from the relatively smooth traveltime data, we use this type of network to map horizontal changes in observed first-arrival traveltimes caused by a source shift to lateral velocity variations. The relationship between them is explained by a linearized eikonal equation. Construction of the velocity models from this predicted lateral variation requires information from, for example, a vertical well log in the area. This vertical profile is then used to build a tomogram from the output of the network. The synthetic and field data results verify that the suggested approach reliably estimates the velocity models. Because of the limited depth penetration of first-arrival traveltimes, the method is particularly favorable for near-surface applications.

Pragmatic markers and events on social media in new habit era of COVID-19 outbreak

The phenomenon of language use in social media is interesting and important because it can describe positive or negative language use. The purpose of the study was to analyze the pragmatic markers and forms of language use on social media in the era of new habits during the COVID 19 outbreak. The research method used a qualitative approach. The results of the study are: (1) religious markers, (2) pronoun markers, (3) interjection markers, and (4) appreciation markers. The form of pragmatics consists of, (1) the form of syntax, (2) the form of discourse, and (3) the form of strategy. Conclusion (1). Positive utterances from speakers are responded to by positive and negative utterances from speech partners, while (2). Negative speech from the speaker is responded to by negative speech from the speech partner. (3). The pragmatic markers and forms of speech by speakers are 50% positive and 50% negative, while the pragmatic markers and forms of speech partners are 30% positive and 70% negative. (4). Positive pragmatic markers and forms are important to be used by speakers and speech partners so that they will have an impact on positive and healthy social media.

Off-the-shelf thermoluminescent silica glass media for use in medical diagnostic dosimetry applications

In respect of radiation exposure assessments, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) represent a notable and important subset of passive detector technology, gaining widespread use over a period of many decades, not least for medical applications. TLDs are available in a range of physical and chemical forms, in particular the popularity of phosphor-based commercial products arising from features that include availability down to low mm dimensions, soft-tissue equivalence in some cases, and relatively low TL fading. Novel doped silica glass TL material fabricated as fibres also offer favourable responses, recent developments in co-doping leading to their ability to also provide for diagnostic radiology applications, adding to the attractive features of being impervious to water, of good sensitivity, and generally offering wide dynamic range. Thus said, doping and fibre fabrication involve relatively high costs. Accordingly, herein exploratory investigations are made of the cost-effective colourless silica-based glass medium from which marbles are made, reduced into chip form for ease of application, examining sensitivity to dose. In particular, the study focuses on the computerised tomography clinical application regime, 80- to 140 kVp, with excellent response being shown for doses within the range 2- to 50 mGy.

Recurrent acute otitis media: a survey of current management in England.

Recurrent acute otitis media is common in children. The preferred treatment measures for recurrent acute otitis media have a mixed evidence base. This study sought to assess baseline practice across ENT departments in England. A national telephone survey of healthcare staff was conducted. Every ENT centre in England was contacted. A telephone script was used to ask about antibiotic and grommet use and duration in recurrent acute otitis media cases. Ninety-six centres (74 per cent) provided complete information. Recurrent acute otitis media treatment across England by ENT departments varied. The antibiotic first- and second-line prophylaxis offered varies, with trimethoprim used in 33 centres and 29 centres not offering any antibiotics. The timing or choice about when to use grommets also varies, but 87 centres (91 per cent) offer grommet surgery at one stage. The treatments received by children in England for recurrent acute otitis media vary by centre; collaborative research in this area is advised.

Improving Students' Motivation and Learning Outcomes Using Edmodo Learning Media Assisted with Meeting Room Media on The Circulation System Materials

The development of technology in Indonesia in the field of education is no stranger to a teacher. For this reason, a teacher is required to master technology. One of the most widely used educational technologies today is online-based learning media. Through this research, it is able to increase the teacher's insight in sorting out the suiTable learning media for use in the learning process. This type of research is classroom action research. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in motivation and learning outcomes of students using Edmodo learning media assisted by meeting room media on the circulation system material. Classroom Action Research in its implementation uses a cycle pattern, where each cycle requires three meetings and the level of research completion depends on the extent to which the level of achievement of learning success is adjusted to the assessment standards. Each cycle in this research consists of the stages of Planning, Action, Observation / Evaluation, and Reflection activities. The results showed that the use of Edmodo learning media assisted by meeting room media can increase the motivation and learning outcomes of students in the circulation system material.

Image compression methods for efficient storage and transmission

This paper presents a detailed and comprehensive review of image compression methods, emphasizing their role in optimizing both storage and transmission efficiency across various domains, from everyday use in social media to specialized applications like medical imaging and satellite data processing. We systematically explore both traditional and contemporary image compression techniques, categorizing them into lossless and lossy methods, transform-based approaches, and the latest advancements in machine learning-based compression. Lossless compression techniques, including Run-Length Encoding (RLE), Huffman Coding, Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW), and the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) format, are discussed for their ability to preserve image quality perfectly, albeit at the cost of relatively lower compression ratios. Conversely, lossy compression methods, such as JPEG and fractal compression, offer significant file size reduction by discarding non-essential data, while still maintaining acceptable visual quality for many practical applications. We further delve into transform-based approaches like Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), which form the backbone of popular standards such as JPEG and JPEG 2000, enabling more efficient data representation in the frequency domain. Additionally, the study highlights emerging machine learning and deep learning techniques, such as autoencoders and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), that are pushing the boundaries of image compression by achieving unprecedented compression ratios while minimizing perceptual loss in image quality. Through a comparative analysis, we evaluate these methods based on multiple performance metrics, including compression ratio, computational complexity, image fidelity (measured via Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio, PSNR, and Structural Similarity Index, SSIM), and their practical applications across different industries. Our findings suggest that while traditional methods such as JPEG, PNG, and JPEG 2000 remain widely adopted due to their simplicity and efficiency, emerging techniques driven by deep learning show great potential in adapting to specific image characteristics, achieving higher compression ratios, and better preserving image quality under extreme compression. Finally, this paper identifies key challenges and trends in the field, such as the increasing computational demands of advanced techniques, the need for adaptive compression strategies, and the importance of standardization for broad industry adoption. We conclude that while traditional methods will continue to play a significant role, the future of image compression lies in the integration of machine learning and content-aware technologies that dynamically optimize compression performance across diverse image types and application contexts.

DEVELOPING PHYSICS GRAPH LEARNING MEDIA IN THE CONCEPT OF KINEMATICS AND ITS ASSESSMENT USING TUG-K (TEST OF UNDERSTANDING GRAPHS IN KINEMATICS)

Background: Assessment to determine the ability to master GLB and GLBB charts, namely the Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K). Through TUG-K which is adjusted to basic competencies, teachers can formulate indicators of competency achievement. Aim : This study aimed to develop Physics Graph learning media (GraFIS) on the kinematics concept describe the effectiveness of learning after using GraFIS media and describe students' perceptions of learning using GraFIS media and assessing using TUG-K. Methods: This research is an R and D research. The developed applications used HTML5 technology that can be published on the web app. and mobile app. The application was applied to 143 respondents in grade X MIPA of SMA Negeri 3 Purworejo. Data collection was conducted by giving validation sheets to material experts, media experts, students' questionnaire responses, to provide input on the products developed. Result and Discussion: The results of the research were in the form of graFIS application as a suitable medium for use. The results of implementation in teaching and learning activities through lesson plans that had been prepared showed that the effectiveness of learning using the GraFIS application was still in the low category with a normalized score gain of 0.03, which meant that it still needed revision and improvement. The analysis results of differences in pretest and posttest scores using Shapiro-Wilk obtained data that were not normally distributed, with Sig. 0.015 <0.05. Therefore, testing continued using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. It was obtained the values of Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05, which interpreted that there was a significant difference between the results of the pretest and posttest. Conclusions: The conclusion is improvements and revisions are still needed. Based on students' perceptions, the GraFIS application met usability and mobile quality standards.

The ideological effect of pre COVID-19 metaphors on our perceptions of technology during the pandemic

AbstractThis study aims to establish ideological effects of the pre-pandemic metaphor use in the mainstream media on users’ perceptions of their relationship with technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve that, 120 media articles from global mainstream media sources during the pre-pandemic period were collected and analysed at three levels: (1) metaphor identification; (2) deconstruction of conceptual source domains; (3) the coding of metaphorical expressions into psychological types of interpersonal relationships that are projected on technologies. The established metaphorical patterns were tested in an online survey with 100 young adults and adults from Lithuania during the COVID-19 pandemic period of 2019-2020. The research findings resulted in the ideological perceptions of Reversed Agentivity and Mechanised Action characterising our relationship with technology and pointing out to the loss of individual autonomy, a lack of personal growth and more fragmented personal identity during the pandemic.

Synthesis of Azaylide-Based Amphiphiles by the Staudinger Reaction.

Catalyst- and reagent-free reactions are powerful tools creating various functional molecules and materials. However, such chemical bonds are usually hydrolysable or require specific functional groups, which limits their use in aqueous media. Herein, we report the development of new amphiphiles through the Staudinger reaction. Simple mixing of chlorinated aryl azide with a hydrophilic moiety and various triarylphosphines (PAr3) gave rise to azaylide-based amphiphiles NPAr3, rapidly and quantitatively. The obtained NPAr3 formed ca. 2 nm-sized spherical aggregates (NPAr3)n in water. The hydrolysis of NPAr3 was significantly suppressed as compared with those of non-chlorinated amphiphiles nNPAr3. Computational studies revealed that the stability is mainly governed by the decrease in LUMO around the phosphorus atom owing to the o-substituted halogen groups. Furthermore, hydrophobic dyes such as Nile red and BODIPY were encapsulated by the spherical aggregates (NPAr3)n in water.

Synthesis of Azaylide‐Based Amphiphiles by the Staudinger Reaction

AbstractCatalyst‐ and reagent‐free reactions are powerful tools creating various functional molecules and materials. However, such chemical bonds are usually hydrolysable or require specific functional groups, which limits their use in aqueous media. Herein, we report the development of new amphiphiles through the Staudinger reaction. Simple mixing of chlorinated aryl azide with a hydrophilic moiety and various triarylphosphines (PAr3) gave rise to azaylide‐based amphiphiles NPAr3, rapidly and quantitatively. The obtained NPAr3 formed ca. 2 nm‐sized spherical aggregates (NPAr3)n in water. The hydrolysis of NPAr3 was significantly suppressed as compared with those of non‐chlorinated amphiphiles nNPAr3. Computational studies revealed that the stability is mainly governed by the decrease in LUMO around the phosphorus atom owing to the o‐substituted halogen groups. Furthermore, hydrophobic dyes such as Nile red and BODIPY were encapsulated by the spherical aggregates (NPAr3)n in water.

Social media in use

Information technologies have caused radical changes in many areas, they have also changed marketing activities. Today, marketing activities are carried out in digital environments, facilitating the work of companies and helping consumers around the world. Consumers get the right information and data about products and services much easier and faster, as well as access different forms of entertainment. Therefore, it can be said that the place of traditional marketing today has been replaced by digital marketing. This paper tries to shed some light on how consumers of Western Balkans and specifically in Kosovo, use social media and how those shape their attitudes, based on the uses and gratifications approach. This is the first paper from this region, which analyzes social media, based on the previously mentioned approach. Since research in the region was prohibitive for us, we selected a sample of 200 consumers from Kosovo, active on social media. The findings of this paper serve managers in better attracting online customers through social media.

Word and Digit

The author analyzes the negative processes in modern Russian culture including the degradation of the Russian language use in literature, society and mass media; general substitution of Russian terms for borrowed foreign analogues; low artistic level of local television serials; openly pro-Western character of entertainment TV shows. Still these processes have a deeper layer: actual denial of the art educational and instructive role in Russia, including literature, theatre and cinema; the loss of the tradition that envisaged artistic research of social and moral state of the society. Against this background the author studies the dual-community factor of modern Russian literature: “pochvenicheskiy” and “intertextual”. The first interprets literature as part of the national life, when the last defines it as strictly personal issue. The isolation of two communities from each other, the state self-barring from the support of the most important from the point of view of self-identity issues, senses and directions in modern Russian literature, in particular, and in culture and art, in general, lead Russian literature (philology) in the direction of Russophobia commercial exploitation. An important part here is played by the degradation of the institutes of the literary community inner expertise, and in particular – the lowering of the level and quality of literary critic.

The Development of Monopoly Characters in Science Learning Materials with Environmental Inspections of Human Images to Improve Science Learning Results in Grade V SD

This study aims to develop the character monopoly game in science learning with environmental insight into digestive organ material into a suitable learning medium for use in the science learning process so that the monopoly on the environmentally sound character in digestive organ material can be used to improve science learning outcomes for fifth-grade elementary school students. This research uses research and development methods or more commonly known as research and development. The data collection techniques used by researchers in developing the Monopoly Character game media in science content in grade V elementary schools are using questionnaires, observations, interviews, and tests. The results of this study are the environmentally sound character Monopoly game media that can improve science learning outcomes in grade V elementary schools. The average percentage result of the assessment of material experts, media experts, and linguists on the environmentally sound character monopoly game reaches 90%. The one-to-one questionnaire evaluation results obtained were 98%. The results of the evaluation of the small group questionnaire were 97%. The game of environmentally sound character monopoly in science learning human digestive organ material is also carried out pretest before using game products and posttest at the time after learning to use the product. The result of the average score of the pretest during the one-to-one evaluation was 66, while the post-test during the one-to-one evaluation was 79. The result of the average score of the pretest at the time of the small group evaluation was 62, while the small group at the time of the one-to-one evaluation was 82. However, the field test, which must involve a large number of respondents, was not carried out by researchers due to the imposition of restrictions on community activities (PPKM). The imposition of restrictions on community activities is carried out because of the covid-19 virus. PPKM aims to reduce the spread of the covid-19 virus. Therefore, researchers limit this research to be implemented in one-to-one and small groups only.

Representations of Psychoactive Drugs' Use in Mass Culture and Their Impact on Audiences.

Drug use has been increasing worldwide over recent decades. Apart from the determinants of drug initiation established in numerous studies, the authors wish to draw attention to other equally important factors, which may contribute to augmenting this phenomenon. The article aims to draw attention to the content of mass culture, especially representations of drug use in mass media, which may influence the liberalization of attitudes towards drugs and their use. The role of mass culture and its impact on the audience is discussed. It presents an overview of drug representations in the content of mass culture, e.g., in film, music, literature, and the occurrence of drug references in everyday products, e.g., food, clothes, and cosmetics. Attention was drawn to liberal attitudes of celebrities and their admissions to drug use, particularly to the impact of the presented positions on the attitudes of the audience, especially young people for whom musicians, actors, and celebrities are regarded as authorities. Indications for further preventive actions were also presented. Attention was drawn to the need to take appropriate action due to the time of the COVID-19 pandemic when many people staying at home (due to lockdown or quarantine) have the possibility of much more frequent contact with mass culture content, which may distort the image of drugs.

Development and research of cement and polymer composites for bridge structure repair

The article is dedicated to the construction mix technology development and the study intended for the bridgework damaged structures repair. It presents the results of a study of composites made on the concrete and polymer binders basis. It is shown that the main factors affecting the hydraulic structures' structural elements' durability are both dynamic and mobile loads from the effects of the vehicles, and chemical effects from impurities contained in the water passing through the structure as well as biological effects from bacteria and filamentous fungi. Previously in the article "Bridges maintainability evaluation peculiarities as part of hydraulic structures" were given hydraulic structures inspection results, found various defects and damages: cracks, chips, peeling, etc. In this article, to eliminate such defects were proposed the compositions of varnish-and-paint, mastic mixtures, and resin concrete. For the structure's repair with significant damage, were proposed powder-activated concrete use. In the experimental research process, the cement and polymer concrete compositions with improved strength and other properties recommended for use in power loads conditions, chemical and biological aggressive media, were established. Recommended for use as binders for biocidal cement. presented technological operations for repair work using cement and polymer mixtures. The developed composites' practical use is advisable, including in the structural defects elimination course in hydraulic structures located outdoors in zones with thermal and humidity cycling.

Analysis of methods for quantifying yeast cell concentration in complex lignocellulosic fermentation processes

Cell mass and viability are tightly linked to the productivity of fermentation processes. In 2nd generation lignocellulose-based media quantitative measurement of cell concentration is challenging because of particles, auto-fluorescence, and intrinsic colour and turbidity of the media. We systematically evaluated several methods for quantifying total and viable yeast cell concentrations to validate their use in lignocellulosic media. Several automated cell counting systems and stain-based viability tests had very limited applicability in such samples. In contrast, manual cell enumeration in a hemocytometer, plating and enumeration of colony forming units, qPCR, and in situ dielectric spectroscopy were further investigated. Parameter optimization to measurements in synthetic lignocellulosic media, which mimicked typical lignocellulosic fermentation conditions, resulted in statistically significant calibration models with good predictive capacity for these four methods. Manual enumeration of cells in a hemocytometer and of CFU were further validated for quantitative assessment of cell numbers in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation experiments on steam-exploded wheat straw. Furthermore, quantitative correlations could be established between these variables and in situ permittivity. In contrast, qPCR quantification suffered from inconsistent DNA extraction from the lignocellulosic slurries. Development of reliable and validated cell quantification methods and understanding their strengths and limitations in lignocellulosic contexts, will enable further development, optimization, and control of lignocellulose-based fermentation processes.

Synthesis of Si-Based High-Efficiency and High-Durability Superhydrophilic-Underwater Superoleophobic Membrane of Oil-Water Separation.

Oil pollution is caused by the frequent discharge of contaminated industrial wastewater and accidental oil spills and is a severe environmental and health concern. Therefore, efficient materials and processes for effective oil–water separation are being developed. Herein, SiO2-Na2SiO3-coated stainless steel fibers (SSF) with underwater superoleophobic and low-adhesion properties were successfully prepared via a one-step hydrothermal process. The modified surfaces were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and contact angle measurements to observe the surface morphology, confirm the successful incorporation of SiO2, and evaluate the wettability, as well as with X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that SiO2 nanoparticles were successfully grown on the stainless-steel fiber surface through the facile hydrothermal synthesis, and the formation of sodium silicate was detected with XRD. The SiO2-Na2SiO3-coated SSF surface exhibited superior underwater superoleophobic properties (153–162°), super-hydrophilicity and high separation efficiency for dichloromethane–water, n-hexane–water, tetrachloromethane–water, paroline–water, and hexadecane–water mixtures. In addition, the as-prepared SiO2-Na2SiO3-coated SSF demonstrated superior wear resistance, long-term stability, and re-usability. We suggest that the improved durability may be due to the presence of sodium silicate that enhanced the membrane strength. The SiO2-Na2SiO3-coated SSF also exhibited desirable corrosion resistance in salty and acidic environments; however, further optimization is needed for their use in basic media. The current study presents a novel approach to fabricate high-performance oil–water separation membranes.

A pilot study investigating a novel particle-based growth factor delivery system for preimplantation embryo culture.

Can vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-loaded silica supraparticles (V-SPs) be used as a novel mode of delivering VEGF to the developing preimplantation embryo in vitro? Supplementation of embryo culture media with V-SPs promoted embryonic development in a manner equivalent to media supplemented with free VEGF. VEGF is a maternally derived growth factor that promotes preimplantation embryonic development in vitro. However, its use in clinical media has limitations due to its low stability in solution. This study was a laboratory-based analysis utilising a mouse model. V-SPs were prepared in vitro and supplemented to embryonic culture media. The bioactivity of V-SPs was determined by analysis of blastocyst developmental outcomes (blastocyst development rate and total cell number). SPs were loaded with fluorescently labelled VEGF and release kinetics were characterised. Bioactivity of unlabelled VEGF released from V-SPs was determined by analysis of embryo developmental outcomes (blastocyst developmental rate and total cell number) following individual mouse embryo culture in 20 µl of G1/G2 media at 5% oxygen, supplemented with 10 ng/ml recombinant mouse VEGF in solution or with V-SPs. The bioactivity of freeze-dried V-SPs was also assessed to determine the efficacy of cryostorage. VEGF release kinetics were characterised by an initial burst of VEGF from loaded spheres followed by a consistent lower level of VEGF release over 48 h. VEGF released from V-SPs resulted in significant increases in total blastocyst cell number relative to the control (P < 0.001), replicating the effects of medium freely supplemented with fresh VEGF (P < 0.001). Similarly, freeze dried V-SPs exerted comparable effects on embryonic development (P < 0.05). N/A. In this proof of principle study, the effects of V-SPs on embryonic development were only analysed in a mouse model. These findings suggest that SPs represent a novel method by which a targeted dose of therapeutic agents (e.g. bioactive VEGF) can be delivered to the developing in vitro embryo to promote embryonic development, an approach that negates the breakdown of VEGF associated with storage in solution. As such, V-SPs may be an alternative and effective method of delivering bioactive VEGF to the developing in vitro embryo; however, the potential use of V-SPs in clinical IVF requires further investigation. This work was funded by the University of Melbourne. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Associations between social media usage and alcohol use among youths and young adults: findings from Understanding Society.

Given the decline in alcohol consumption and rise in technological use among young people, there is a need to investigate whether technology use might influence how young people drink. This study explores how social media use and changes in social media use over time could affect alcohol use among youths. The UK Household Longitudinal Study (Understanding Society). United Kingdom. Participants aged 10-15 (n=4093) and 16-19 (n=2689) from the youth and main survey interviewed in 2011-13, and followed-up in 2014-16 (aged 10-15 n=2588, aged 16-19 n=1057). Self-reported social media usage on an average day (no profile/non-daily/less than an hour/1-3/4+hours use), drinking frequency (never/one to three times/weekly) and binge drinking frequency (never/one to two/three/more than three times) in the past month. Covariates included sex, age, educational status, household income, urban/rural, number of friends and life satisfaction. Among 10-15-year-olds, compared with those who used social media for less than an hour, those with no profile [odds ratio (OR)=0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.25-0.67] and non-daily users (OR=0.49, 95% CI=0.33-0.72) had a lower risk of drinking at least monthly, whereas those with 1-3hours' use (OR=1.44, 95% CI=1.14-1.81) and 4+hours' use (OR=2.08, 1.47-2.95) had a greater risk. Among participants aged 16-19, a lower risk of binge drinking three or moretimes per month was found for those with no profile [relative risk ratios (RRR)=0.29, 95% CI = 0.17-0.48] and a higher risk for those with 4+hours' use (RRR=1.47, 95% CI=1.03-2.09). Longitudinally, among 10-15-year-olds, those who had increased their social media usage versus no change were more likely to have increased their drinking frequency (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.45-2.46). Some social media use at baseline (rather than none) was predictive of increased drink and binge drinking frequency over time among youths and young adults. Heavier social media use was associated with more frequent alcohol consumption among young people in the United Kingdom.

Performance evaluation of silica nanofluid for sand column transport with simultaneous wettability alteration: An approach to environmental issue

The most promising method to improve chemical oil recovery via wettability alteration is associated with colloidal solution such as nanofluid. However, nanofluids show limitations due to nanoparticle agglomeration which may result into pore blockage during its injection in a porous media. The unsuccessful recovery of injected nanoparticles has increased their footprints, which is becoming a serious environmental issue. Therefore, this study reports the use of a co-stabilizer i.e. TiO2 (0.05 and 0.1 wt%) that not only reduces nanoparticle agglomeration in silica nanofluid (SiO2, 0.5 wt%) but also improves its wetting property and oil recovery from synthetic sand-packs of porosity = ∼29–33% and permeability = ∼700–800 mD. In nanofluid synthesis, polymer polyacrylamide was used as base fluid and surfactant [anionic: sodium dodecylsulfate and nonionic: triton x 100] was used to find improvements in wettability alteration, interfacial tension reduction, and oil recovery results of nanofluid. With surfactant, the wetting property of STN (SiO2–TiO2 nanofluid) was found superior (strong water-wet) as confirmed by maximum (67%) reduction in contact angle. Also, interfacial tension of crude oil reduced by ∼91% which increased the chemical oil recovery by ∼78% from sand-pack. Importantly, nanofluid use in porous media is associated with environmental concern. Therefore, each nanofluid was repetitively (3 times) flooded through sand-pack and NP retention was examined using three different characterization methods (contact angle, ultraviolet visible, and field emission scanning electron microscopy) and suitably compared to find least nanoparticle retention in porous media. For surfactant treated nanofluids, nanoparticle retention of 0.03–0.07 wt% was determined while its value was significantly higher (0.31 wt%) for conventional SiO2 nanofluid. Finally, this study suggests that nanoparticle retention of conventional silica nanofluid can be reduced through the selection of a proper co-stabilizer that may help to protect subsurface from pore blockage and other associated environmental issues.