Effect Of Media Research Articles

An Examination of the Effects of 2M Channel Airing Turkish Soap Operas on Moroccan Audiences: 2009-2019

This paper attempts to shed light on the media effects of the 2M channel on Moroccan audiences viewing dubbed Turkish soap operas (TSO). In particular, the study limits its scope to 2009-2019 period of broadcasting. It is noted that the viewing process is a prerequisite for social change and media effects. This consideration of direct exposure hastens the effects and influences in the audiences’ lives. Not all media effects of TSO are detrimental to the Moroccan audience and government. No sooner had the audience finished a dubbed Turkish serial than the 2M started broadcasting a new one. Additionally, to examine this decade, the paper invests structured interviews and mail surveys to collect data. The study treats the research findings with content analysis and discourse analysis. Presumably, it is noticeable that females are the majority of viewers. Accordingly, the research findings are manifold. The study’s research findings seriously alert the media analysts and Moroccan cultural authorities concerned with Moroccan audiences susceptible to the TSO increasing dangers and insidious menaces. These foreign influences are disseminated through the ignorance, recipient, and Moroccan female lifestyles. Therefore, the result discussion necessitates an awakening paradigm shift in Moroccan cultural policy. In conclusion, the paper calls for an invigorating Moroccan public screen. Moroccan soap opera alternative likely replaces Turkish soap opera since Moroccan audience counts in millions alongside religious diplomacy as a form of soft power.

Influence and Optimization of Diverse Culture Systems on Chicken Embryonic Stem Cell Culture

Background: The importance of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in chickens is undeniable, as they can be applied across various fields, including animal modeling, developmental biology, cell fate research, drug screening, toxicity testing, and gene function studies. However, a widely applicable culture system for chicken ESCs has yet to be developed. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different culture systems on the derivation and maintenance of chicken ESCs, with a focus on optimizing the selected culture conditions. Methods: To achieve this, we tested the effectiveness of various species-specific ESC media in the derivation and culture of chicken PGCs, while incorporating different small molecule compounds to optimize the process. The pluripotency and differentiation potential of the resulting ESC-like cells were also evaluated. Results: The combination of PD0325901, SB431542, and LIF (R2i+LIF system) was found to be effective in generating chicken ESC-like clones. Further experiments showed that enhancing the R2i+LIF system with cytokines such as SCF and FGF2 significantly extended the culture period and increased the passage number of chicken ESC-like cells. These ESC-like cells were characterized through positive alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of pluripotency markers POUV, NANOG, and SOX2. Additionally, differentiation assays confirmed their ability to form the three germ layers. Conclusions: The newly developed culture system provides suitable conditions for the short-term culture of chicken ESCs. However, further optimization is required to establish a system that can sustain long-term maintenance.

The impact of exercise self-efficacy on college students’ emotion management ability: an analysis of the mediating effects based on exercise behavior and screen media use

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of exercise self-efficacy on college students’ emotion management ability and to analyze the mediating effects of exercise behavior and screen media use between exercise self-efficacy and emotion management ability.MethodsThis study adopted stratified, whole-cluster, and staged sampling methods, using an online questionnaire that included demographic information, exercise self-efficacy, exercise behavior, screen media use, and other relevant aspects, obtaining a total of 12,687 valid questionnaires.ResultsThe study indicated a significant positive correlation between exercise self-efficacy and emotion management ability (r = 0.349, p < 0.01). There was also a positive correlation between physical exercise and emotion management ability (r = 0.128, p < 0.01). In contrast, smartphone use showed a significant negative correlation with emotion management ability (r = −0.102, p < 0.01). Additionally, exercise persistence and electronic health literacy presented significant positive correlations with emotion management ability (r = 0.370, p < 0.01; r = 0.502, p < 0.01). Chain-mediated effect analysis revealed that exercise self-efficacy positively affected emotion management ability by enhancing physical exercise and reducing smartphone use (95% CI: [0.001, 0.002]). Furthermore, exercise self-efficacy positively influenced emotion management ability by enhancing exercise persistence and e-health literacy (95% CI: [0.029, 0.042]). These two variables acted as chain mediators, demonstrating the pathways through which exercise self-efficacy affects emotion management ability.ConclusionThis study deepened the understanding of the interplay between exercise behavior, screen media use, and emotion management ability. It suggested that emotion management ability could be enhanced through strategies of improving exercise persistence, physical exercise, electronic health literacy, and reducing smartphone use while considering differences in gender, academic year, and regional factors in intervention programs.

Effectiveness of Video Education in Preventing Electric Smoking Behavior in Students

Electronic cigarettes have experienced very rapid development, recently many people have been seen using electronic cigarettes, In Indonesia, as many as 2.1 million who use electronic cigarettes are students. Control of electronic cigarettes is carried out by providing education to change the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents. In the digital era, innovation is possible in delivering messages for prevention through audiovisual media such as short videos. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of video media on knowledge, attitudes and actions of electronic smoking behavior in adolescents at SMK Istiqomah Muhammadiyah 4 Samarinda. This study was conducted using an Experimental research method with a pre and post design approach. This study involved two research groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Data were obtained using a questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and actions of electronic smoking. The research sample was 234 students. The sampling technique that will be used in this study is Simple Random Sampling. Statistical Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results of the study were that after education using video there was an increase in knowledge of 5 points and attitudes of 2 points. The results of the statistical test showed that there was an effect of video education on knowledge and attitudes with a P Value of 0.000. The conclusion of this study is that video education about the dangers of electronic cigarettes can increase knowledge and attitudes towards preventing electronic smoking behavior.

Design and Development of Energy Particle Detector on China’s Chang’e-7

Particle radiation on the Moon is influenced by a combination of galactic cosmic rays, high-energy solar particles, and secondary particles interacting on the lunar surface. When China’s Chang’e-7 lander lands at the Moon’s South Pole, it will encounter this complex radiation environment. Therefore, a payload detection technology was developed to comprehensively measure the energy spectrum, direction, and radiation effects of medium- and high-energy charged particles on the lunar surface. During the ground development phase, the payload performance was tested against the design specifications. The verification results indicate that the energy measurement ranges are 30 keV to 300 MeV for protons, 30 keV to 12 MeV for electrons, and 8 to 400 MeV/n for heavy ions. The energy resolution is 10.81% for 200 keV electrons of the system facing the lunar surface; the dose rate measurement sensitivity is 7.48 µrad(Si)/h; and the LET spectrum measurement range extends from 0.001 to 37.014 MeV/(mg/cm2). These comprehensive measurements are instrumental in establishing a lunar surface particle radiation model, enhancing the understanding of the lunar radiation environment, and supporting human lunar activities.

Effect of various storage media on the physicochemical properties of plasma-treated dental zirconia

This study investigated the effect of various storage media on the physicochemical properties of plasma-treated 3-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia: air, vacuum, deionized water (DIW), and plasma-activated water (PAW). Each group was divided into five subgroups based on storage periods: immediately after NTP irradiation (T0), and after 1 week (T1), 2 weeks (T2), 3 weeks (T3), and 4 weeks (T4). The control group (C) received no treatment. The storage groups were monitored weekly using various analytical techniques, including contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Our results demonstrate that plasma-treated zirconia surfaces stored in DIW retained or even increased their hydrophilicity due to the formation of hydrogen bonds and preservation of nitrogen functionalities. In contrast, surfaces stored in air exhibited significant hydrophobic recovery. FIB-SEM analysis showed no adverse internal structural changes regardless of storage medium. The roughness of the zirconia surface slightly increased after plasma treatment and was generally retained across all storage groups for 4 weeks, except for the air storage group. This study concludes that storage in DIW effectively preserves the enhanced surface properties of plasma-activated zirconia for up to 4 weeks.

The Effect of Social Media Marketing on Brand Image from the Perspective of Information Adoption Model

The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of marketing activities on social media on brand image from the perspective of information adoption model. While this study examines the relationship between social media and brand image, it also examines the usefulness of the information produced by businesses as a result of marketing efforts on social media; It aims to explain the relationship between the quality of information, the reliability of the source and the adoption of information, and to reveal what role this plays on brand image. Data were collected by survey technique from 204 people living in Karabük Province and using social media. The collected data were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The analyzes confirm that the quality, reliability, usefulness and adoption of information produced through social media marketing positively affects brand image. This study contributes to previous studies in this field and reveals how important a factor social media marketing is in shaping consumer behavior. It should be seen as an indispensable situation for businesses to give importance to social media marketing in terms of their future in order to influence consumer behavior.

Penggunaan Media Gambar dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Membaca Siswa Kelas II di SD Swasta Islam Nursyamsiani Desa Bintang Meriah Kecamatan Batang Kuis

This research is entitled "The Use of Image Media in Overcoming Reading Difficulties for Grade II Students at Nursyamsiani Islamic Private Elementary School, Bintang Meriah Village, Batang Kuis District." The objectives are to: 1) Identify the forms of reading difficulties of grade II students; 2) Knowing the effectiveness of image media in overcoming these difficulties; 3) Identify obstacles in the use of image media; and 4) Reveal teachers' efforts in overcoming these obstacles. This research is qualitative-descriptive, involving the principal and homeroom teacher as subjects. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and data analysis. The results of the study showed: 1) Reading difficulties include recognition of similar letters and difficulty in prociting a combination of letters; 2) Image media helps overcome reading difficulties; 3) Constraints include image size, limited facilities, and funds; 4) Teachers' efforts include providing opportunities to see pictures in turns and re-explain the material. This result is expected to encourage an increase in teachers' creativity in the use of learning media to increase interest and effectiveness in learning.

The Influence of Nutritional Anemia Education Media on the Knowledge Level of Adolescents in Anemia Prevention Literature Review

Background: The increasing need for nutrients during adolescence due to growth and menstruation experienced by young women causes young women to be susceptible to anaemia. Anaemia is a condition where the haemoglobin level in the blood is less than the normal value. One of the factors causing anaemia is the lack of knowledge among teenagers about anaemia. Many types of media, both visual and audiovisual, can be used to convey education about anaemia. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of nutrition education media in increasing teenagers' knowledge of preventing anaemia. Methods: This research uses a literature review design. A literature review study is a method used to collect data or sources related to a particular topic, which can be obtained from various sources such as research articles. Results: From the reviewed articles, five showed an increase in teenagers' average knowledge score after being educated using visual media. There is 1 article that shows an increase in teenagers' average knowledge score after being educated using audiovisual media. Three articles showed an increase in teenagers' average knowledge score after being educated using visual and audiovisual media. Conclusion: Visual and audiovisual media are effective when used together to help increase teenagers' nutrition knowledge and provide nutritional education about anaemia. When delivering nutritional education about anaemia to teenagers, using visual and audiovisual media simultaneously is recommended to get effective results.

Research on the Impact of Social Media on Consumer Shopping Behavior:Based on Case Analysis of the Adolescent Population

Starting from the underlying logic of the impact of social media on consumers, this article focuses on analyzing the shopping habits of young consumers and the influence and shaping of social media on their consumption behavior. It analyzes the positive and negative effects of social media and puts forward relevant opinions and suggestions. Compared to the adult consumer group, the adolescent consumer group has not yet formed a relatively fixed consumption value system, and their consumption behavior is more susceptible to various external factors. Adolescents are in a critical period of character development and self-value establishment, so they will pay attention to social trends and seek the unique value of their own existence during this stage. Social media, as a fast channel for transmitting information, is also the main communication platform for adolescents. It provides a huge amount of information, including product purchasing channels, consumer evaluations, etc. These pieces of information constantly influence adolescents’ thoughts and subtly shape their shopping behavior. This article advocates for the correct guidance and shaping of the values of young people, exercising and cultivating their independent thinking ability, to enable them to have healthy and good consumption behavior.

Production of a fungal aspartic protease via solid‐state fermentation using a rotating drum bioreactor

AbstractBACKGROUNDSolid‐state fermentation (SSF) has gained attention recently as a promising approach for producing a range of high‐value industrial products. SSF has several benefits, including a high product yield, a lesser chance of contamination, a resemblance to some fungi and bacteria's native environment, a lower energy need, and cost‐effectiveness. Additionally, the enzyme extraction from concentrated solutions facilitates the recovery procedure. Mucor racemosus, a filamentous fungus, has the potential to produce a milk‐clotting enzyme (aspartic protease) cultivated on various combinations of the solid media to investigate the effect of media on the production and activity of the milk‐clotting enzyme.RESULTSThe fermentation was scaled up by utilizing Terrafors‐IS Infors HT in‐situ sterilizable rotating solid‐state bioreactor to cultivate the fungus. The effect of agitation (rotation on the day of inoculation and day 1), aeration (air flow rates of 1 L and 2 L/min), and moisture content (60% and 90%), during SSF were investigated. The profiles of various operational parameters (that is, temperature, pressure, flow rate, exit O2, and exit CO2) were monitored using the provided software, and data were collected at 10‐min intervals during the whole course of fermentation. The results suggest that aeration has a remarkable effect on the quantity of biomass produced, but it doesn't assure high enzyme production. The highest milk clotting activity of ~570 U/mL was recorded with a moisture content of 60% and a flow rate of 1 L/min.CONCLUSIONA high yield of ~570 U/mL of the enzyme with desired characteristics was obtained with minimum moisture availability at low temperatures. The results narrated in this study validate the SSF process for producing aspartic protease from wheat bran using a rotating solid‐state bioreactor to be used as a potential milk coagulant in the cheese industry. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

Effects of Vegan and Omnivore Diet on Post-Downhill Running Economy and Muscle Function

Objectives The objective of this study was to examine the difference between the extent of muscle damaging exercise on muscle function variables of vegans and omnivores. Methods Twenty recreationally trained participants completed the study. Participants were assigned to either vegan (n = 10) or omnivore (n = 10) groups. Subjects completed a consent visit followed by 2 visits consisting of running exercise sessions and test familiarization. They returned to the laboratory for visit 4 3-5 days after visit 3 to complete the testing battery. Following the testing, the participants performed a downhill run on the treadmill at −15% grade and approximately 70% of their speed at VO2peak and repeated the testing battery upon completion. Participants were asked to track their food intake. Visits 5, 6, and 7 took place 24, 48, and 72 h following the downhill running protocol, respectively, and consisted of the same testing battery used during visit 4. The detection of differences was performed using two-way (group x time) mixed factorial ANOVA with repeated measures. Results No group x time interactions were noted for running economy or any of the dependent variables. Main effects of time were found for muscle thickness (p<.001) with small effect sizes (d=-0.194 to d=-0.265), pain pressure threshold (p=.002) with medium effect sizes (d=.460 to d=.461), NPRS scale (p<.001) with large effect sizes (d = -0.776 to d=-1.520), and jump height (p<.002) with small to medium effect sizes (d=.304 to d=.438). Nutritional analysis compared the two groups revealed no difference (p>.05) between relative intake of macronutrients and that both exceeded typical recommendations for protein (vegan group − 1.4 g/kg, omnivore group − 1.6 g/kg). Conclusion The lack of differences in recovery between the groups suggests that nutritional adequacy may play a role in recovery. Recovery from downhill running might be influenced by several factors beyond diet, such as exercise protocol intensity, individual fitness levels, and age.

Steady and periodical heat-mass transfer behavior of mixed convection nanofluid with reduced gravity, radiation and activation energy effects

Significance of this study is to explore Arrhenius activation energy, microgravity, chemical reaction and porous medium effects on Darcy nanofluid over a stretching sheet with nonlinear thermal radiations. Purpose of this study is to enhance the lubrication efficiency, excessive heat reduction, surface roughness and tool wear in drilling, milling, grinding and cutting tools of machining procedures. Use of Brownian and thermophoretic nanoparticles in base liquid is very effective to reduce friction in tool-chip and tool-work interfaces, tool life ability and cooling ability through nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication in machining operations. A refined mathematical model is solved using dimensionless variables; oscillatory stokes conditions and primitive variables. The implicit form of finite difference method is applied for numerical results using Gaussian elimination approach. The numerical and physical outputs are secured using Gaussian elimination methodology in FORTRAN tool and TecPlot-360. Graphs are displayed by using numerical data in Tecplot-360 program. Impact of activation energy (AE), solar radiation (Rd), microgravity (RG), porosity (Ω), thermophoresis (NT), chemical reaction (Kr), Prandtl (Pr) and Schmidt factor (Sc) on oscillating frequency of heat and mass transport is depicted. Amplitude in fluid velocity, surface temperature and volume of concentration is enhanced as radiation, microgravity and activation energy increases. It is noted that the increasing amplitude in fluid velocity, temperature and fluid concentration is found with activation energy, radiation and buoyancy force effects. Steady behavior of skin friction and mass transport decreases as Darcy porous medium and reaction rate decreases. Frequency of oscillating skin friction and oscillating heat transfer increases as Schmidt and Prandtl coefficient increases. Fluctuations and amplitude in the frequency of heat and mass transport enhances as thermophoretic nanoparticle enhances.

The Effect of Social Media on the Decision to Have Aesthetics or Cosmetic Procedure: A Case-Control Study.

Aesthetics or cosmetics procedures are among the most commonly performed procedures. More people are getting cosmetic treatments because of social media use. The study looked into the influence of social media on cosmetic dermatology decisions in Jordan. We conducted a community-based comparative case-control study among the adult Jordanian population through an online structured questionnaire. The total number of participants was 2704 (1629 cases vs. 1084 controls). The mean age was 26.3 years. Females constituted 90.4% of the aesthetic procedures group and 80.6% of the non-aesthetic procedures group. Participants who underwent aesthetic procedures were likelier to use social media, report that social media helped them, and post photographs on Instagram, Snapchat, and WhatsApp more than those who did not (p < 0.001 for all). The majority of participants underwent aesthetic procedures obtained from their thoughts. The aesthetic procedure group was influenced more by Instagram (p < 0.001), Facebook (p = 0.034), and Snapchat (p < 0.001). Self-satisfaction with one's appearance was the main reason not to pursue an aesthetic procedure (58%) while repairing damage was the most common reason to undergo the procedure (76%). Acne scarring treatment (49.9%) was the most popular procedure. About 52.7% of procedures were performed by a dermatologist. Social media directly affects people's decisions to perform aesthetic procedures. Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram showed more influencing effects on aesthetic procedures. People who have done aesthetic procedures were likelier to utilize social media, follow aesthetic dermatologists, practitioners, or social media influencers, and support aesthetic procedure advertisements. To achieve better outcomes, the rising numbers of cosmetic procedures based on social media necessitate the dermatologist or practitioner to develop a good understanding of patients' motivations to seek aesthetic dermatological procedures. Level of Evidence III, case-control study This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Development of augmented reality media based on Assemblr Edu to enhance the learning outcomes

This study focuses on the development and evaluation of augmented reality (AR) learning media based on the Assemblr Edu application, aimed at enhancing the learning experience of fifth-grade students at SDN Tambaharjo 01. The AR media covers the subject of Community Economic Conditions and Natural Resources and Supporting Factors for Community Economic Activities. The research process included designing the AR content, validating it with experts, and conducting small and large group trials. This study investigates the development and effectiveness of AR learning media based on the Assemblr Edu application to improve learning outcomes in Natural Science and Social Studies for fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Tambaharjo 01. The research employs a quantitative approach with a Research and Development (R&amp;D) method, utilizing the ADDIE development model to create and assess the learning media. The study addresses low student performance in Natural Science and Social Studies by integrating interactive AR technology to make learning more engaging and effective.The developed AR media, which includes 3D and 2D interactive content, was validated by material and media experts, yielding a high validity score of 90.31%. Small and large group trials were conducted, showing significant improvements in student learning outcomes. Pretest and posttest results demonstrated an average score increase from 50 to 85, with a student response rate of 88.46% indicating the media's feasibility. Teachers also rated the AR media highly, with a response score of 91.34%, confirming its practical application in educational settings. The study concludes that the Assemblr Edu-based AR learning media is highly feasible and effective in enhancing student learning outcomes in Natural Science and Social Studies.

Secreted GRP78 attenuates endothelial inflammation and predicts outcome in coronary artery disease

Abstract Background Endoplasmic-reticulum-stress (ER-Stress) chaperones like the main ER-Stress moderator GRP78 (glucose-regulated-protein, 78kDa) are involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). In addition to their established intracellular localization, chaperones are also secreted into the extracellular space. However, the significance of extracellular ER chaperones in CAD remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of extracellular GRP78 in patients with suspected CAD and its impact on endothelial cell inflammation. Methods Serum concentration of GRP78 was measured by ELISA in 622 patients undergoing coronary angiography (70.0 ± 12.2 years, 33.6% female and 28.4% with acute coronary syndrome: ACS). The primary endpoint was defined as one-year mortality. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) were treated with ER-Stressors and the effects of ER-Stress conditioned medium (CM) on recipient cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and gene expression were examined. Results GRP78 levels were higher in blood samples of patients with CAD than in patients without CAD (2584 ng/ml vs. 2061 ng/ml, p = 0.047). In patients presenting with ACS, GRP78 levels were lower than in patients presenting with chronic coronary syndrome. Elevated GRP78 levels were independently associated with lower one-year mortality, even after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and demographic parameters (4.5% vs. 9.0%, log-rank p = 0.022; Fig.1A). Increased levels of GRP78 (&amp;gt; median of 1710 ng/ml) were associated with a higher BMI (29.0 kg/m2 ± 7.3 vs. 27.0 kg/m2 ± 6.2, p &amp;lt; 0.0001) while there was no difference regarding age, sex, or cardiovascular risk factors. Mass spectrometry analyses of the HCAEC secretome and ELISA revealed increased extracellular GRP78 secretion after ER-Stress activation. Co-incubation with Brefeldin A, an inhibitor of ER-Golgi-trafficking, confirmed active regulation of GRP78 secretion. GRP78-containing CM improved viability while reducing apoptosis, formation of ROS, ER-Stress-signaling, and inflammation in recipient HCAEC compared to CM lacking GRP78 due to BFA treatment or GRP78-knockdown. Likewise, recombinant GRP78 improved HCAEC viability while reducing expression of markers of inflammation and ER stress (Fig.1B). CRIPTO is a membrane-bound co-receptor for growth factors and was previously linked to GRP78-signalling. siRNA-Knockdown of CRIPTO reduces viability and leads to cell apoptosis, irrespective of GRP78-treatment (relative viability: Scr-siRNA+1µg/ml GRP78 vs. Criptodown+1µg/ml GRP78 1.22 ± 0.23 vs. 1.02 ± 0.13, p&amp;lt;0.01, Fig.1C). Thus, GRP78-mediated effects may be mediated by CRIPTO. Conclusion GRP78 is significantly increased in patients with CAD. Intriguingly, elevated levels are associated with reduced one-year mortality. ER-Stress-induced GRP78 secretion represents a feedback mechanism to ameliorate ER-Stress and inflammation in recipient endothelial cells (Fig.2).

Lesson from the Covid-19 pandemic: do fear and anxiety lower vaccination hesitancy?

Abstract Background The prevalence of vaccination hesitancy has become one of the top ten global health problems. During the Covid-19 pandemic several studies reported negative correlation of vaccination hesitancy with fear of Covid-19 and anxiety. Therefore, the study aimed to explore how fear and anxiety can impact one’s intent to get vaccinated. Methods In 2021, data from 5999 post-secondary Slovenian students was gathered using a cross-sectional online survey. Binary logistic regression and the Sprearman correlation coefficient was used to explore the relation between Fear of Covid-19 Scale (FCOV), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (ANX) and a question regarding participants’ intentions to get vaccinated. Results Results showed that only 39.7% of students expressed intention to get vaccinated as soon as possible and 29.2% exhibited no intentions to do so. Logistic regression indicated that only FCOV had a mild and significant (p &amp;lt; 0.001) impact on students’ intentions to get vaccinated, whereas ANX was found to have only a weak significant (p &amp;lt; 0.01) effect on students’ intentions to do so. Similarly, ANOVA test showed significant differences with small to medium effect of FCOV on intentions to get vaccinated, but no significant differences were found for ANX. Conclusions A low percentage of Slovenian tertiary students expressed intentions to get vaccinated as soon as possible for Covid-19, with only fear having been found to have a small to mild effect on students’ intentions to do so. Anxiety, on the other hand, was found to have a small positively predictive effect on vaccination hesitancy, which could reflect affective forecasting error (i.e. believing that the negative consequences of getting vaccinated would be greater than they really are). Therefore, when considering strategies to address the increasing problem of vaccination hesitancy, one must keep in mind that the loss-framed messages might not be sufficient to prompt people to get vaccinated. Key messages • Fear of Covid-19 had only a small to medium significant positive effect on students’ expressed intentions to get vaccinated as soon as possible. • The loss-framed messages might not be sufficient to prompt people to get vaccinated.

The effectiveness of teaching human evolution to 14-15-year-olds in Slovenia Učinkovitost poučevanja evolucije človeka pri 14-do 15-letnikih v Sloveniji

In Slovenia, human evolution is first taught in biology classes to 14–15-year-old students. For many of them, this will be the only contact with this topic at school. The objective was to determine how much knowledge students acquired about human evolution. Data were collected with a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale. The participants were 13–14-year-olds who had not yet learned about human evolution (the control group) and 15–16-year-olds who had learned about human evolution one year earlier in biology classes (the experimental group). The results show that students significantly improved their knowledge of human evolution with small to medium effect sizes. Students knew very well that modern humans are the only species of humans today and that they did not live at the same time as dinosaurs. The achievements were low on the following topics: modern humans lived at the same time as Neanderthals and mammoths, and modern humans did not evolve from Neanderthals. To the problematic topics, attention should be paid to teacher education and the primary school curriculum. There were few correlations between the knowledge of human evolution, acceptance of evolution, religiosity, and attitudes toward biology.

Social Media in Oral Health Education: A Scoping Review.

The literature on the use of social media in oral health education has grown in recent years; however, the research activity on this topic has not been comprehensibly summarised. This scoping review aimed to map the available literature on students' and faculty's use of social media in oral health education across the platforms. This review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extensions for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Seven databases were searched to include literature until October 2023. Studies were included if they were published in English and focused on using social media in oral health education. Two independent reviewers screened for article eligibility and extracted the relevant data. The review included 40 articles published between January 2008 and October 2023. Most studies used quantitative approaches, did not specify the study design, were noninterventional and reported on undergraduate dental students' use of social media. Included studies centred on patterns of use, views and actual effectiveness of social media. YouTube emerged as the most frequently used platform, followed by Podcast, Facebook and WhatsApp. The use of social media in oral health education was found to be useful based on direct and indirect outcome measures. However, robust research designs are required to further evaluate the impact of social media on oral health education.

Analytical investigation of porous medium effects on the flow of two micropolar fluids in a rotating annulus

Fluids with microstructures and microinertia play a vital role in microfluidics and nanfluidics system. One of such significant fluid is micropolar fluid. The characteristic behavior of micropolar fluid flow in conduit/pipe, etc. filled with porous medium helps us understand the flow behavior of biological fluids in porous media, groundwater flow in aquifiers, rotatory machines or viscometer. To understand such real-world problems, it is necessary to get into the mathematical model of such flow models. One such model with wide number of application is presented in this paper. This work investigated the flow of two micropolar fluids between the region formed by two concentric cylinders. Authors have considered inner cylinder to be at rest and outer cylinder rotating at a constant angular velocity. The region between two concentric cylinder is filled with an isotropic porous material. A slip condition at the outer wall and continuity conditions at interface of two fluids has been utilized to obtain an analytical solution for the proposed model. The numerical solution of the obtained solution for present problem is used to graphically analyze the motion of immisicble micropolar fluids rotating in an annulus filled with the porous medium. It is found that an outer cylinder has a notable influence on the flow behavior of immiscible micropolar fluids, contrary to the effect observed within the inner region. An analytical approach of this work not only helps us obtain precise results and analysis of the flow, but it also serves as a useful validation for future approximations within the scope of this work.