Study’s Novelty/Excerpt This study provides comprehensive historical analysis of diabetes mellitus, tracing its evolution from ancient times to the modern era, which provides a unique chronological perspective on the disease's development. It distinguishes itself by detailing key events, such as insights from the Ebers Papyrus and the discovery of insulin, and their impact on our understanding and treatment of diabetes. Additionally, the manuscript offers a thorough exploration of how scientific endeavors over centuries have shaped the current medical landscape for diabetes mellitus, emphasizing the persistent challenge it poses despite significant medical advancements. Full Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a type of metabolic illness characterized by protein, lipid, and glucose metabolism difficulties. It is distinguished by chronic hyperglycemia, which defects in either insulin action or secretion can cause. Diabetes mellitus has been recognized since ancient times, and despite medical advances, it remains an incurable chronic illness. Our historical article presents major events in the evolution of diabetes mellitus from ancient times to the present day. Articles, as well as book chapters were used in citing. The key events in the development of diabetes mellitus from ancient times to the present were explored. An understanding of the key moments leading up to the identification of diabetes mellitus was provided in this study. Events from the Ebers Papyrus, the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the discovery of diabetes are covered in this article. It can be deduced that scientists tried to discover the presence and existence of these illnesses. The discovery of insulin has played a significant role in the history of diabetes mellitus.